kXykmyw

A_pAAvem auZqZn
hnh\w:
hn.]n. aplZen
{]km- [\w:
PamAs Ckveman, tIcf
hnXcWw:
CkvemanIv ]njnwKv lukv
tImgntmSv, Xncph\]pcw, FdWmIpfw, Xriq, Iq

kXy- kmyw
Ckvemw
hnizm-kn-I-fn\n-m-hiys-Sp
kXykmyns hnh
hnip{]amWfpsS shfnn
hniIe\w sNp sNdpsXnepw
_rlmb {KamWnXv. Ccp]Xmw
\qmnse CkvemanI \thmm\
\mbI\pw temI{]ikvX ]nX\pamb
knZv A_p AAvem auZqZn
1946 Unkw_ 30\v
PamAs CkvemanbpsS
B`napJyn emtlmdn tN
s]mXp ktf\n sNbvX
{]uVamb {]kwKw.
{]km[I

kXy- kmyw
kXy- kmyw
{]]--ns GI {kjvSmhpw \nb-mhpw `cW-Imhpamb
Amlphn\v kh kvtXm{Xw. BXynIamb bpntbmSpw in
tbmSpw ImcpWy-tmSpw IqSn Ah\Xns\ `cnpt]mcpp. a\p
jys\ Ah krjv Snp; Ahv m\hpw _pn- i- nbpw
{]Zm\w sNbvXp; `qanbn Xs {]mXn\n[yw \evIn A\p{K-lnp;
Ahs amKZi\n\mbn {K AhXcnnpIbpw {]hm
NImsc \ntbmKnpIbpw sNbvXp. a\pjyv a\pjyXzw ]Tn
n- p- hm- \mbn BK- X- cmb, a\p- jys Pohn- tXm- t- iy- s- n
Adnhp \evInb, Ah\v DaPo-hnXamKw \ntZin B kZvhr
cpw kpIrXnIfpamb ssZhZqXcn Amlphns Afh Icp
WmISm- kZm hjnpamdmIs! Cv temIv kmK-
{]-Imi-nsbpw kXy-\-IfpsSbpw kZmNmc kkz`mh-fp
sSbpw h Awihpw ImW-s-Sppsn AsXmw ssZh\n
bpcmb AtX almmfpsS Da amK-Zi-\n ^e
amWv. AhtcmSp ISmSn\nv a\pjyv Hcnepw HgnhmIm
h- X.
_lpam\ytc, kplrptf, \mw \psS ktf\sf s]m
Xphn cmbn `mKnmdpv. AXn HmatXns Dtiyw,
\mw IqSnbncpv \psS {]h\w ]cntim[npIbpw AXns\
aptmv \bnp-Xns\pdnv IqSnbmtemN\ \SpIbpamWv.
cmatXns Dtiyw, tbmK{]tZip s]mXpP\v
\psS {]t_m[\w kanpIbmWv. cmaXv kqNnn Dtiyw
ap\n-dp-n-bp--XmWv Ctm-gs kt-f\w. \psS {]t_m-

kXy- kmyw
[\w Fm- sWpw Fn- te- m- sWpw Adn- bn- p- hm- \mWv
\nsf ChntSv WnnpXv .
\psS {]t_m[\ns Hcp hiw, BZyta apkvenw am{Xam
bncnp P\-tfmSmsW-n adphiv, apkvenam kIe
P\- pw s]mXp- hm- bn- p- - Xp- amWv . Ah- cn Hmtcm hn`m- K-
n\pw \psS ] kt- i- apv . Fm, cmw hn`m- K-
ns] P\sf ChnsS ImWm IgnbmXn F\nXn
bmb hyk\apv. \psS Ign -Imes A_--fpsSbpw
Cs hnthIcmlnXy-nsbpw ^eambn, ssZhns ASn
aIfn hn Hcp hn`mKw \s hn-Ipt]mbncnpp. Ahsc
\psS ASptv Wntm, \mw AhcpsS ASptv sNtm,
\psSbpw AhcpsSbpw \mY\mb Amlp kIecpsSbpw amK-
Zi- \- n- \mbn Xs {]hm- N- I- m aptJ\ Ab- p- X- n- p
ktiw Ahsc tInm\p k`w Zpe`amtb \apv e`n
ppq. GXp \nebvpw Ctm AhcnhnsS knlnXcm
nXnv apkvenwIv am{Xambp {]t_m[\ns hiamWv
Rm\nhnsS kanpXv .
apkvenwIsf \mw WnpXv, apkvenwIsf \nebvv X
fpsS ta AnXamb DchmZnXz a\nempIbpw \nd-
th- p- Ibpw sNpI F- Xn- te- mWv . R apkv enw- I- fmWv ;
Amlpshbpw Ahs Zo\ns\bpw R kXnpp Fp
]dv \apv csSpI km[ya. Amlphns\ \psS ssZh
ambpw Zo\ns\ \psS Zo\mbpw kXnppshn AtXmsSmw
Nne D- c- hm- Zn- Xz- fpw \n hp- ho- gpp. Ah- sb- p- dnv
\apv t_m[apmbncnWw; AhbpsS \nhlWsn \mw
NnnpIbpw thWw. \fh \ndthmXncnp ]w AXns
Zpjv^efn\nv CltemItm ]ctemItm c{]m]np
-X. FsmsbmWv {]kvXpX DchmZnXz? Amlp
hnepw Ahs aepIfnepw {K--fnepw ZqXmcnepw ]ctem
Inepw hnizknpI am{Xa \akvImcw, t\mv, lv, kImXv
Ch A\pjvTnpIbpw am{Xa hnhmlw, hnhml-tamN\w, A\
cmhImiw XpSnb CS]mSpIfn Ckvemw \n-bn \nb-a
hy- h- - I ]men- pI am{X- hpa AXv. CXn- s\- m- ap- ]- cn- bmbn
`mcnXpw KpcpXchpamb DchmZnXzw IqSn \psS ta hp

kXy- kmyw
tNcpp. \mw ZrV-ambn hnizknp kXy-n\p thn apgph
temI- n- sbpw apn kmn- I- fmbn \nesImpI F- Xm-
WXv . "apkvenw- I' F t]cn kzX- { - k- ap- Zm- b- ambn \s
kwL-Sn-n--Xns Dtiyw hnip Jp-B-\n hnh-cn--s-n-p-
Xv , ssZhns ASnaIfpsS ta kXy-kmy-amIp ssZhn
Ieyw \mw ]qo-IcnpIsb--XpXs-bmWv.
""A{]-Imcw \mw \nsf Hcp a[y-a kapZmb-amnbncnpp.
\n P\- v kmn- I- fm- bn- cn- m thn; {]hm- N- I
\nv kmnbmhm thnbpw.''*
CXmWv \psS kapZmb-ns GI PohntXmtiyw. \manXv
]qo-Icnnsn PohnXwXs ]mgmnsb-Yw. ImcWw,
Amlp \psS ta Npanbnp \n_- Ihy-amWXv.
Ah Bm]npp:
""hnizkn P\tf, \n \oXnv kmyw hlnph
cmbnsmv Amlphn\pthn \nesImp-hcmIphn!''**
CsXmcp tIhe Iev]-\-b; \n_ Iev]-\-bmWv . Am-
lp Acpfpp:
""Am-lp-hn-\nv Xs ]-ep kmys ad--psh-
phs\m A{Ian amcmWv?''***
Cu Ihyw \nhlnmXns A\c ^esamsW
pw Amlp \s Adnbnnpv. \app apv PqXm Cu
kmnqn lmPcmsp. Ah Iptdsbms kXys ad
pshp. Iptd-sbms kXy-ns\Xncmbn kmn\nevpIbpw
sNbvXp. samn, kXyn\v ]Icw AkXyn\p kmn
IfmbnocpIbmWhcpmbXv. XZv^eambn Ah Amlphns
tIm]-im]-v ]m{XamhpIbpw \nycpw lo\cpambn A[x]-

kXy- kmyw
XnpIbpw sNbvXp!
""AhcpsS ta \ny-Xbpw ]XnXzhpw ap{ZIpsp. Am
lphn\np tIm]-hpambn Ah aSpIbpw sNbvXp.''****
\psS ta Npas Cu kXykmyw sImp hnh
FmWv ? \apv e`n kXys, \n {]Im- in- X- am- bn- p
bmYmYys, a\pjys hnPbku`mKyn\v \nZm\ambn \apv
NqnmWns-np GIamKs \mw temIkaw Ah
XcnnpI. kXyhpw kmKhpaXmsWv {]kv]jvSambn sXfn
bnpwhn[w kmyw hlnpI. As\ temIP\Xbn Zo\ns
eyw ]qo-IcnpIbpw sNpI F-XmWXv. CtX kmy-
\nh- l- W- n- \mWv {]hm- N- I- m temIv \ntbm- Kn- - s- Xv.
kmy\nhlWw AhcpsS \n_ NpaXebmbncpp. ]noSv,
CtX kXykmy Ihyw {]hmNImp tijw AhcpsS
A\pbmbnIfn Npasp. Ctm Ay-{]-hmNI apl-Zv
\_n(k)p tijw A\pbmbnIfn AXns DchmZnXzw hp
tNp. \_nXncpta\nbpsS ta B PohnXImepXs hyn
]- c- ambn Npa- - s hn[wXs apkv enw- k- ap- Zm- b- n- s- ta
CXv s]mXphmbn Npas-ncnpp.
kXy-kmy-ns {]m[m\yw F{Xtmfapsv Nnnp
t\mmw. a\pjy-hwi-n\mbn Amlp \n-bn Ay hnNmc
WbpsSbpw cminIfpsSbpw \nbakw_amb apgph ASn
m\hpw CtX kmy-amIpp. bpn, ImcpWyw, \oXn Fn
hbv[n]\mWv Amlp. Xs {]oXn Fsdnbm P\
AXns\Xncp {]hnpIbpw kmKtasXdnbmsX ZpamK
n Nen- p- Ibpw sNbv X- Xn\v Ahsc inn- p- I FXpw
Ahdnbm hnj-b--fn Ahsc tNmZyw sNpI FXpw
Ahs bpnpw ImcpWyn\pw \oXnpw \ncpX. AXn
\m, `qapJv a\pjys A[nhmkw Xs Amlp Hcp {]hm
N- I- s\- sm- m- cw- `np; ]noSv A- tm AkwJyw {]hm- N- I-
msc \ntbmKnpsImpancpp. \nsf kw_-nv \n-fpsS
{kjvSmhns A`ojvSw, \nv CltemIv icnbmb Pohn
X- amKw, \n- fpsS \mYs {]oXn- t\- Sp- hm \n ssIsm-

kXy- kmyw
t \bw, \nhlnt tPmen, \n kqnt Imcy
, \n tNmZyw sN-s-Sp hnj-b- CsXmsbmWv
Fn- s\ a\p- jy- hw- i- n\v ap- dn- bnv \ev Ip- I- bm- bn- cpp
AXns Dtiyw. Amlp Xs {]hmNImcm Cn[w kXy-
kmyw \nhlnnXv kw_nv hnip JpB hyam
p- pv . R Adn- hn- m- - h- cm- bn- cpp. Rsf Adn- bn-
m kwK-XnbpsS t]cnemtWm Rsf innpXv Fp
]dv Amlphns ta eyw m]npXn\v P\v
AhkcapmhmXncnm thnbmsWXmWm hmIyw. ""ktm
jhm Adnbnphcpw XmoXv \evIphcpamb {]hmNI
msc (\ntbmKnp); {]hmNIamcpsS tijw P\v Am
lphns\Xncn bmsXmcp \ymbhpw DmImXncnpXn\pthn.
{]Xm]-imenbpw bpnam\pamWv Amlp.''*
Cs\ P\-fpsS ta eyw ]qo-IcnpIsb Xs
_m[yX Amlp {]hmNImcpsS ta Npan. Ah {]kvXpX
ISa icnpw apdbvpw \nhlnp ]w P\ X-fpsS
Ia- - sf- p- dnv kzbw tNmZyw sN- s- Sp- hm Al- cmIpw.
kmy-\nh-l-W-n h hogvNbpw hcp-p--]w P\--
fpsS ZpamK ZpjvIasfn {]hmNIm tNmZnsSpIbpw
sNpw. Cu KpcpXcamb DchmZnXzm\mWv {]hmNIm
\n-bns-Xv. asmcp coXnbn {]hmNIm HpIn kXy-
kmyw apdbv v \nh- lnv P\- - fpsS ta Am- lp- hns
eyw ]qoIcnpI. Amlp \evInb bYmY m\w P\
sf Adnbnnspw Amlp ]Tnn icnbmb PohnXamKw
P\- sf ]Tn- n- n- s- p- ap FXnkmyw {]hm- N- I- m- cpsS
ta m]nXamhpI. CXmbncpp {]hmNImcpsS m\ns
Kuchw. CtX ImcW-memWv, {]hmNIm X-fpsS taep
Cu DchmZnXz`mcs Kuch]qhw HmanXv. kXy-kmy
-\nhlWnepw P\fpsS ta eyw ]qoIcnpXnepw
BmWw sNbvXv ]cn{ianpsImncpXpw CXn\mXs.
]noSv , {]hmNIm aptJ\ kXy-m\hpw kmKhpw e`n

kXy- kmyw
P\-fm Hcp ]mn cq]o-Icnsp, {]hmNIamcpsS ta
Npasncp AtX kXykmy Ihyw Ctm B ]mn
bpsS ta Npasncnpp. {]hmNImcpsS {]Xn\n[nIsf
\nebvv, apv {]hmNIm \ndps AtX DchmZnXzm
\v Ctm Ahcpw \ndpsp. AXmbXv, Ah kXykmy
Ihyw ]qo- I- cn- p- - ]wP\- icn- s- n- s- nepw
Ahv {]Xn- ^ew e`npw. inn- - s- Sp- tXm, P\- - fp- am-
bncnpw. kXykmy -\nhlWneh hogvN hcppItbm
kXyn\p ]Icw AkXyn\p kmyw hlnpItbm sNp
IbmsW-n P\p apv Ahcmbncnpw tNmZyw sN-s-
SpI. kzIasfpdnv am{Xa Ah tNmZyw sNsSpI. icn
bmb kmyw hlnmXncnp-XpsImtm sXmbn kmyw
hlnXp -ImcW-amtbm ZpamKnIfpw \mi-ImcnIfpw A[aIm
cnIfpambngn P\-fpsS Ia-sfpdnpw Ah tNmZyw
sN- sSpw.
am\ytc, CXmWv kXykmyamIp Kuchmhlamb B D
chmZnXzw. Fs taepw \n-fpsS taepw, apkvenw Fp hmZnp
-h ASw Amlphns hnip {Khpw {]hmNImcpsS
kmKhpw e`n kIe P\-fpsS taepw Npas-ncnp
DchmZnXzw! C\n, {]kvXpX kmy \nhlWn\p amK
sasp t\mmw. kmyw cp hn[w. Hv hmMvaqeapXv,
asmv Ia]cambXv. hmMvaqe kmyns cq]w, {]hmNI
m aptJ\ \app e`n kXys \mhpsImpw t]\sImpw
temIn\p {]IminXampI FXmWv. {Klnnphm\pw lrZn
amphm\pw km[y-amIp kIe amK-fpw D]-tbmK-s-Sp
pI. {]t_m- [\ {]Nm- c- W- n\pw {]t- ]W {]kn- o- I- c- W-
n\pw DXIp Fm D]-IcW-fpw hn\ntbmKnWw. hnm
\Iemimkv{X- tiJ- cn- p- X apgp- h Icp- fpw ssIbn-
seSpv Amlp a\pjyv \nbn Zo\ns inW \mw
temIn\v ]cnNbsSppI. BZiNnIfn, [manIkZm
Nm- c- - fn, kmwkKnI\mK- cn- I- X- bn, D]- Po- h- \- amK- n,
sIm-sm-Sp--bn, \nb-a-n, \oXn-ym-b-n, cmjv{So-b-
n, cmPy- `- c- W- n Fp- th am\p- jnI CS- ]m- Sp- I- fpsS
asm hifnepw a\pjys amKZi\n\v {]kvXpX Zo
kan- n- p \ntZ- i- - f- {Xbpw \mw khn- kv Xcw shfn- s- Sp-

kXy- kmyw
Ww. sXfnhpIfpw ZrjvSmfpwsImv AXns kXynXn
m]nWw. AXns\Xncnep Fns\bpw bpn]qhw \ncq
]Ww sNbvXv AhbpsS \yq\XI XpdpImpIbpw thWw. {]hm
NIm hyn]-cambn ssZhkrjvSnIfpsS kmK-spdnv
ImcyKuchtmsS Nnnncpp. B KuchtmsS apkvenw kap
Zmbw kmaq- ln- I- ambn AXn- s\- p- dnv Nnn- t- - Xpv. As-
n Cu kXykmy Ihyw \nhlnpI km[ya. Cu
alXvIrXyw kIehn[ kmaqlnI ]cn{iafpsSbpw kmapZmbnI
{]h\-fpsSbpw tI{_nphmbno-cpI AXy-mt]-n
XamWv. am\knIhpw akvXnjvI]chpamb kIe IgnhpIfpw \p
sS A[o-\Xbnep D]-IcW-fpw kma{KnIfpw AXn An
s-SWw; \psS apgp{]-h\-fn Cu eyw \n_-
]qhw honsSWw; kthm]cn kXyns\Xncn kmyw
hlnp GsXnepsamcp i_vZw \apnSbn s]mnhcpXv
GsXmcp ]cnXxnXnbnepw klnmXncnpIbpw thWw.
C\n, Iakmyw FXpsImp hnh, \mw kXysav
hmZnp knmsf \psS {]mtbmKnI PohnXn {]Xn
^ennpIsbXmWv. Ah kXysav temIw \psS \mhn
qSn am{Xw tImt]mcm; {]XypX, Ah- bpsS sa- fpw al-
zfpw \psS PohnXn ImWm IgnbWw. kXy-hnizm
kns am[pcym a\pjys kz`mhIafn DZnpbcp
a[pccks \psS s]cpam-n temIw BkzZnWw. Cu
Zo\ns amKZi\n F{X \ a\pjycmWpmhpXv; F{X
\oXn]qhIamb skmssknbmWv cq]w sImpXv; F{X \
kapZmb-amWv {]Xy--n hfcpXv; F{X ]cniphpw ]cn
]mh\hpamb \mK-cnIXbmWv P-saSpXv; F{X EPphmb kc
WnIfneqsSbmWv hnm\Iemimkv{X hfp hnIkn
pXv; Fpam{Xw \oXn]-chpw kvt\lm\p`mh]qhhpw kwL-
-\clnXhpamb km-nI kl-IcW-amWv {]Xy--s-SpXv;
hyn- ]- chpw kmaq- ln- I- hp- amb Pohn- X- ns \m\m hi- fpw
F{XIv icnsv \ \ndp hnfbmSpp Fsmw temI
n\v t\cn Ipw tIpadnbm IgnbWw. hynIsf \ne
bvpw kaql-sa \nebvpw \psS Zo\ns kXy-XbpsS {]Xo-
I-fmbn \mw ]cnW-anpI hgn am{Xta Cu ISa \nhlnpI
km[y- amhq. \psS kz`m- h- N- cy- I AXns kXym- h- bv v

kXy- kmyw
sXfnhp \evIWw; \psS Krlfn AXns kuc`yw hoiWw;
\psS IhSefpw hyhkmb-imeIfpw AXns {]Imi-
m annnfWw; \psS m]-\fpw hnZymeb-fpw
AXns {]`m]qcm {]tim`nX-fmhWw. \psS kmlnXy-
fpw ]{Xfpw \IfpsS am{Xw kmy]{XfmhWw; \psS
kmapZmbnI \b-fpw kmaqlnI ]cn{i-afpw AXns kXy-
Xbv - p kap- Pze tcJ- I- fm- bn- cn- Ww. Npcp- - n, Hcp
hyntbm kap- Zm- btam \- tfmSv Fhn- sS- shv Fs\ _-
s- Sp- I- bm- sW- nepw, \mw kXy- sav hmZn- p knm- -
kXy-amsW--Xn\pw AXphgn a\pjy-Po-hnXw D-Xhpw Dahpw
DXvIrjvShpambno-cpsa-Xn\pw \psS hyn]-chpw kmapZm
bnIhpamb NcyIfn\nv Ahv A\ntj[yamb sXfnhpI
e`n-Ww. C{X-bp-a, AtX knm---fpsS ASn-m-\-n
Hcp tv m]nXamhWw. Zo kqW-ambpw {]tbmK-n
hcpn AXns \oXnymbhyh, kwkvIcW ]cn]mSn, cmjv{S
ao-amwk, \mpImcpsS tssaizcyw, `cW-ImfpsS Da
Ncy, sas B`y-c `cWw, \njvIfamb hntZi-\bw, am\y-
amb kacw, ]mensSp kn Fnh {]mhnIamIWw.
Cu tn\v Pw \evInb Zo\mWv hmkvXhn a\pjyhnPb
n\v \nZm\w. B Zo\ns\ A\pK-anp-XneqsS am{XamWv a\p
jy- hw- i- ns \. CXv temI- ns apn kmyw hln-
m Imetmfw {]kvXpX kXykmyw ]cn]qWamIpn
s ]c- amYw Rm DWn- p- sIm- s. Ia- ]- c- amb Cu
kmyw hmMvaqe kmy-hpambn tNcptm am{Xta apkvenw
kapZmb-ns ta Npas `mcn _m[yX ]cn]qW-ambn
\nh- ln- - s- Sp- pq. a\p- jy- hw- i- ns ta Am- lp- hns
eyw hnhn[ Xpd-Ifn ]qnbmhpXpw Atm am{Xw. ]c
tem- Iv Am- lp- hns tImS- Xn- bn \_n(k) Xncp- ta- \nv
]nn\nv , AhnSv RsnpX-sXmw R P\
s- n- p- sIm- Sp- p- shpw Fnpw kmK- a- h- ew- _n-
m P\ AhcpsS ZpamK-n\p kzbw DchmZnIfm
sWpw kmyw hlnphm AXn\p tijta \psS kapZmbw
Al- am- hp- pq.
am\ytc, apkvenwIsf \nebvv hmpw {]h\hpw hgn
\mw \nhlnt kXykmyamWnXv. Fm, Cv \mw Fv

kXy- kmyw
kmy-amWv hmkvX-h-n \evIn-sm-n-cn-p-Xv? Ctm-sg-
n-ep-samv Nnn-p-t\m-pI! hmp aptJ-\-bp kmy-s-
pdnv ]d-bpIbmsW-n, \n \t Ipd hn`mKw am{X
amWv Nnetm hyn]-chpw Nnetm kwL-SnXambpw \mhp
sImpw t]\sImpw Ckveman\v kmyw hlnpXv . AXp
Xsbpw Alnp hn[w \nhlnph ssIhncensem
am{Xtabpq. Cu Xphn`mKs Hgnp\ndpn t\mp-]w
apkvenwI s]mXpth kmyw hlnpXv Ckveman\\pIqe
ambn, {]XnIqeambnmsWv ImWmw. Ckvemanse A\cm
hImi \nbaw sXmsWpw Pmlnenm (A\nkvemanI) k{-
Zmb-amWv icnsbpw \psS PnIfpw {]`pfpw kmyw hln
pp. Ckv em- ans Fm \nb- a- fpw sXm- sWv am{X- a,
CkvemanI \nbans ASnm\ knmw t]mepw kzoImc
tbmKy-aspw a\pjy-\nanX \nb-a am{XamWv icnsbpw
\psS hoamcpw PUvPnamcpw aPnkvt{Spamcpw kmyw hln
pp. Xzimkv{Xw, Ncn{Xw, kmaqlnI imkv{Xw, km-nI
-imkv{Xw, cmjv{Sobw, \nbaw, kZmNmcw FnhIsf kw_-nv
]mmXy \naXm[n]Xyfn\nv Ip]nSn knm
am{XamWv icnsbpw {]kvXpX Imcy--fnsempwXs Ckvem
ans homKXn Xotc ]cnK-W-\ml-aspw \psS A[ym]-
Imcpw s{]m^kamcpw hnZym`ymk m]\fpw kmyw hln
pp. Cwv, {^mkv , djy XpSnb cmPyfnse \ncoizc
\naXhmZnIfmb kmlnXy-ImcmcpsS ssIhi-ap kmlnXy
ktiamWv XfpsS ]epsXpw, apkvenwIsf \nebvv
XfpsS kmlnXyn\p bmsXmcp kzX{ ssNX\yhpanspw
\psS kmlnXy-Imcm kmyw hlnpp; AapkvenwIfpsS
AtX N- Ifpw {]iv \- fpw {]N- mc- W- amK- fpw am{X- amWv
Xp-sXv \psS ]{X kmyw hlnpp; sImSp
hm-ep-I kw_-nv Ckvemw m]n ]cn[n A{]m-
tbmKnIfmsWpw Im^ndpI kzoIcn amKnqSntb
CS]mSpI km[y-amIbpqshpw \psS IhSmcpw hyh
kmbnIfpw kmyw hlnpp; kXy\ntj[nIfpsS ]ep
AtX hKobtZiob ap{ZmhmIy-fpw kmapZmbnImhiy-fpw
Xm]cyfpamWv XpsXpw P\Iob {]iv\ ]cn
lcnpXn Ah kzoIcn coXnXsbmWv Xpw kzoIm

kXy- kmyw
cy-sapw cmjv{Sob {]hI kmyw hlnpp. cmjv{Sob
`cWImcy--fn kXy-\ntj-[nIfpsS ]ep AtX knm
- fmWv X- fpsS ]- ep- - sXpw Ccw hnj- b- - fn
Ckvemw bmsXmcp amKZi\hpw \evInbnnspw \psS t\Xm
kmyw hlnpp; Zpbmhpw AXnse {]iv\fpamsX,
X- fpsS \mhns\ hn\n- tbm- Kn- t- Xpw Aev] ka- b- sa- nepw
sNe-h-gn-t--Xp-amb Hcp Zo X-fpsS ]-en-sv \psS
km[mcWm kmyw hlnpp. s]mXphn \psS apgp
h kapZmbhpw, Cy-bn am{Xa temIsmppw Ccw
kmy-amWv X-fpsS hmpaptJ\ \nhlnpXv .
C\n, Ia]-camb kmy-\nhl-W-spdnp Nnnmw.
AXns Ah, hmpaptJ\bp kmysm ]cnXm]
Icw! PohnXn Ckvemans\ {]Xn^-ennp Npcpw k-
\- hy- n- I An- mbn \- fn ImW- s- Sp- pv . Fm,
_lp`qcn]--ns Ah FmWv? Ckvemans XW-en
hfcp hynI Hcp \nebvpw Ip^vdn\m hmsSps
hynIfn\np hyXy-kvXtcm DXvIrjvStcm Asp am{Xa,
]eXpsImpw Ip^vdns km\sfbt]nv A[acmsW
\nebvpamWv , hyn]-cambn km[mcW apkvenwI X-fpsS
Ia aptJ\ Ckvemans\ {]Xn\n[oIcnpsImncnpXv.
Ahv Ifhp]dbmw, hnmw, A{Iaw {]hnmw, hmKvZm
\fpw IcmdpIfpw ewLnmw, sImbpw Ihbpw \Smw,
Ielhpw \mihpw krjvSnmw, \nyhpw \ne-hpamb GXv
ZpjvIr-Xyhpw sNmw. Ccw Zpcm-Nmc Zpxkz-`m-h--fn-sem-pw-
Xs AhcpsS iXam\w GsXnepw Aapkvenw kapZmb-nt
Xn\nv Hpw `n-a. \psS IpSpw_-Po-hnXw, \S]Sn, BNmc
k{Zmb, BtLmj, Dh, sImm, tbmK
, tLmj-bm{XI XpSn Npcpn \psS kmaqlnI
PohnXnse bmsXmcp cwKpw Ckvemans\ \mw {]Xn\n[oI
cn- p- - Xmbn ImWm- \m- hp- n. Ckv em- ans A\p- bm- bn- I
XpXsbpw Ckveman\p ]Icw ap-hsb-bmWv IqSpX
]cnK-W-\ml-ambn IcpXp-sX-Xn\p hyamb Hcp kmy-
amWnsXv ]dtbn hncnpp. \mw hnZymeb m]n
pIbmsW-n hnZym`ymkhpw AXns hyhbpw ssNX\y-

kXy- kmyw
hpsamw "kXy-\ntj[n'Ifn\nv kzoIcnpp; \mw kwL-S\
I cq]oIcnp]w AhbpsS eyw, hyh, {]h\
amKw As\ apgph Imcy-fpw GsXnepw Hcp Aapkvenw
kwL-S\bpsS amXrIbnembncnpw. \psS kapZmbw h kmaq
lnI kwcw`n\pw Hcpn ]pd-s-Sp ]w AhcpsS Bhiy-
, {]h- \- amKw, kwL- S- \- bvp `c- W- L- S\, {]ta- b-
, {]kwK, {]kvXmh\I kIeXpw "Aapkvenw' kapZm
b--fpsS X\n-Imbncnpw. Fn\[nIw? kzX{tam A[
kzX{tam Bb h `cW-IqSfpw FhnsSsb-nepw \nesIm
ppsn AhnsSbpw `cW-IqSns ASnm\w, `cW-
hy-h, \oXnymbw FmwXs AapkvenwIfn\nv Cchp
hm-n-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv. Nne `c-W-Iq-S--fn Ckvem-an-I -\n-baw
tIhew "t]gvk-\ em'bpsS ]cn-[n-p-n ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cn-p-
p- sh- n Nne `c- W- Iq- S- Ah- sb- tmepw am- n- cp- - ep-
Iv hnt[- b- am- ntb hnn- pq! Bwtb {K- Im- c- \mb
temdkv {_u Xs "Zn s{]mkvs]Ivvkv Hm^v Ckvemw' ( The
Prospects of Islam) F {K-n apkvenwIsf ]cnl-knpsIm
ns\ FgpXn: ""Ckvemans knhn{Inan\ \nba ]g
\pw A{]m- tbm- Kn- I- hp- am- sW- p- Iv Cy- bn R- f- Xns\
Zp_-e-s-Sp-p-Ibpw apkvenw-Iv Ah-cpsS "t]gvk-\ em'
am{Xw A\phZnpIbpw sNbvXtm AhXv XnIpw Atcm
NIambn tXmn. ImcWw, AXpaqew AhcpsS \ne]mSv , Ckvem
anI `cW-n Hcp Imev "Znn'Ipmbncp \ne]mSm
bnocpambncpp. Fm CmIs, Cy apkvenwI AXn
jvSspsh, apkvenw KhsapIXsbpw {]kvXpX hnj
b-n Rsf A\p-I-cn-n-cn-pp. Xpnbpw At_-\n-b-
bpamsWn AhnSpw aptmpISv hnhmlw, hnhmltamN\w,
A\cmhImiw FnhbpsS \nbafnt]mepw RfpsS am\
Zsmv "]cnjvIcW' hcpnbncnpIbmWv! "\nb
ans DZv`hm\w ssZhlnXamsW' apkvenwIfpsS hn`m
h\w Hcp "hnip sIpIY' ( Pious fiction) bn Ihn asm
p- am- bn- cp- n- s hkv XpX Ctm {]Xy- - s- p- I- gn- n- cn-
pp!'' - temI apkv enw- I an- hmdpw kwL- Sn- X- am- bn- s
Ckv em- an- s\- Xn- cn \ev In- sm- n- cn- p Ia- km- y- am- WnXv !
\mhpsImv \mw FpXs ]d-bs, Cu Zo\ns bmsXmcp ]cn

kXy- kmyw
]m- Snbpw \ap- n- jv S- a- spw AXns bmsXmcp \nb- a- nepw
\psS hnPbtam ImWpnspamWv \psS kmaqlnI
Iaw kmyw hlnpsImncnpXv.
\mw sNbvXpt]mcp, Cu kXyw ad-pshensbpw I-
km- y- n- sbpw A\- - c- ^- e- ambn Ccw ISp A]- cm- [-
v ssZhnI -\nban \nbn intbtXm AXpXs
\apv A\p- `- hn- t- - Xmbn hn- cn- pp. Hcp P\X Am- lp-
hns A\p{K-ls XnfbpIbpw X-fpsS {kjvSmhnt\mSv
[nmcw {]hnpIbpw sNp-]w Amlp Ahsc Cl-
temIpw ]ctemIpw innp-XmWv . blqZamsc kw_-
nnStmfw Amlphns Cu \S]-Sn{Iaw ]qnbmbngn
npv . Ctm \fmWv {]Xnqn \nevpXv. Cu Ip
n\v blq- Z- msc am{Xw inn- m, Am- lp- hn\v Ah- tcmSv
bmsXmcp hynhntZzj-hpapmbncpn. AtX A]-cm[w \mw
{]hn- npw in- bn\nv c- s- Sp- hm, Am- lp- hn\v
\tmSv {]tXyI _hpan. hmkvXhn \mw kXykmy
\nh- l- W- n F{X- Iv hogvN- h- cp- p- Ibpw Ak- Xy- km- y-
n \psS ImeSnI F{XthK-n aptmv \opIbpw
sNbv Xpthm, AtX tXmX- \p- k- cnv \mw A[x- ]- Xn- p- t]mp.
Ign Hcp \qmn\pn samtdmtm apX Ctmt\jy hsc
\nch[n \mSpI \psS ssIbn\nv hgpXntmbn. apkvenw
P\X Hsmmbn ]cmPnXcpw `cWo-b-cpambn amdn. ApXpw
A`nam\Ichpambncp "apkvenw' F \maw lo\Xznsbpw
A[x]X\nsbpw Nnambn cq]mcsp. temIv bmsXmcp
A`nam\hpw \apmbhtijnnn. NnteSfn \nsh
Iq- sm- ebv v hnt[- b- cmbn. Nnte- S- - fn \mw kzKr- l- -
fn\nv _lnjvIcnsp. thsd NnteSfn lo\amb in
\ap\p`hntnhp. C\nbpw NnteS-fn Zmky-hrnp
thn am{Xw \mw Poht\msS \ndpsp. C\n apkvenwIv
XfptSXmb h Khsapw htSpw Ahtijnpsn
AhnsS Ah ]cmPbv aosX ]cmPb A\p`hnt
nhcpp. C-h sshtZinI i-nIsf `b-sv hnd-sImpI
bmWv. hmkvXhamIs, Ah hmpw Iahpw aptJ\ Ckvem
an\v kmyw hlnp-hcmbncps-n "AkXy'ns sImSn
hm-l-I Ahsc `bv hnd-bvp-am-bn-cpp. Zqsc-tm-tI--Xn,

kXy- kmyw
CybnXs \psS Ah Fsv t\mq. kXykmy
n \mw Ip-Icamb A\m ImWnp. A, hmpw Iahpw
hgn kXy-ns\Xncn kmyw hlnp. A\c^eambn Hmtcm
{]tZihpw \psS ssIbn\nv \jvSsp. BZyw admTnIfpw
knpImcpw \s NhnnsaXnp. ]noSv {_no-jpImcpsS ASn
aw \psS ta ASnt]nsp. CtmgmIs, ]nevme
-fnse aZ\-sfmw hnkvacnpamdv `bm\I-fmb ISp
bmX\I \s A`napJo-Icnncnpp. Cv \psS Iap
nep Ghpw henb {]iv\w `qcn] \yq\] {]iv\amWv.
lnp`qcn]w \s ASnaIfmntb-ptam, ChnSs A[xIr
X- k- ap- Zm- b- A\p- `- hn- p- I- gn AtX ZmcpW ]cn- Wmaw
\appw ImtWnhtptam Ftmv \mw \SppIbmWv !
Fm, \mw Ckvemans \njvIf kmnIfmbncppshn
\apv `b-s-S h `qcn]-hpw ChnsS DmIpambncptm
Fv ssZhs ap\n- dpn \n- sfmv Nnnp t\mpI.
hmpw {]hrnbpw hgn Ckveman\v kmyw hlnphcmbn
Cv \mw amdp]w Cu \yq\] `qcn] {]iv\w GXm\pw
hjpn X\nsb Ahkm\np t]mIbnt?
Atd-_y-bn e-nsemp am{Xw hcp sNdnsbmcp \yq\
]s `qapJp\nv \ntjw \innphm ISp A{I
anIfpw apgp ]-]mXnIfpamb `qcn]w IsInpd-sp.
Fm, {]kvXpX \yq\]w Ckveman\v \njvIf kmyw
hlnpI hgn ]p -sImn\pn \qdpp\qdpw Fp ]d-
bmhp Xcn _lp`qcn]--ambn. A\cw B Ckvemans
kmnI Atd_ybn\nv ]pdpIStm 25 hjp
n Xpnm apX samtdmtm hsc P\tImSnI Ah
cpsS kXy-kmy-n hnizknp aptmphp. \qdp i-Xam\w
aPqknIfpw _nw_mcm[Icpw ss{IkvXhcpw \nhknphncp
{]tZifn, \qdpiXam\w apkvenwI A[nhknpXpSn. h
hmintbm imTytam hKob ]-]mXtam aX]-camb kpNnX
hoWKXntbm HpwXs kXyns kPohhpw \njvIf
hpamb kmy-n\p apn ASnbpd-p \nevm am{Xw i
fmbnn. Fncns, Cv \mw NhnntsSppsn
\msf CXnepw ITn\amb Nhnt-evpsav `b-s-Sppsn
AXv kXys ad- p- sh- p- Ibpw I- kmyw hln- p- Ibpw

kXy- kmyw
sNbvXXns in-b-msX as-mWv?
{]kvXpX A]- cm- [- n\v Cl- tem- I- p- sh- p- Xs \apv
Innb in- bm- WnXv . ]c- tem- I- m- sW- n, AXn- I- tTm- c- amb
in- sb- p- dnv `b- s- tS- n- bn- cn- pp. kXy- km- n- I- sf
\nebvv \psS Ihy-fpw NpaXeIfpw \mw icnp \nh
lnm Imetmfw, `qapJ-spw ZpcmNmcfpw ZpamK-
fpw A{Ia aZ\fpw ZphrnIfpw \SamSnsmncnp-
Xns `mcn _m[y- X- I- fn\nv \ap- sm- cn- epw Hgn- hm- IpI
km[ya. {]kvXpX XnI krjvSnXn\p DchmZnXzw \ap
n-s-nepw, Ah P-sa-Sp--Xn-\p Imc-W--f-h-ti-jn-n-p-
Ibpw Ahsb hfv hnI- kn- m- \- \p- h- Zn- p- Ibpw sNbvX- Xn\v
Xobmbpw \mw DchmZnIfmWv !
am\ytc, apkvenwIsf \nebvv \mw sNt-Xv Fmbn
cpp? sNbvXpsImncnpXv FmWv ? AhbpsS Zpc^-e
F- s\- sbm- s- bmWv \mw A\p- `- hn- p- sIm- n- cn- p- Xv?
C{Xbpw {]kvXmhnXn\nv \n Ch {Klnncnpw. hnj
bns bmYmYyspdnv Cu hoWtImWneqsS Nnn
p ]w, Cy-bnepw ap \mSpIfnepw GtXXv {]iv\sf
Cv apkvenwI X-fpsS kmapZmbnI PohnXns kmm
{]iv\--fmbn IW-m-n-bn-cn-p-pthm, GXns ]cn-lm-c-n-
\mbn Ipdsms kzw _pn Ip]nSnXpw IqSpXembn A\y
cn\nv Ip- ]- Tn- - Xp- amb amK- - fp- ]- tbm- Knv Xo{h- bXv \w
sNbvXpsImncppthm Acw {]iv\sfmpwXs AhcpsS
kmm {]iv \- - f- spw, Ah- bpsS ]cn- lm- cmYw kabw,
Ignhv , [\w Fnh sNehgnp sImncnpX{Xbpw ]mgvthe
am{XamsWpw \nv kzbw hyamIpXmWv. A[nImchpw
B[n- ]- Xy- hp- ap `qcn- ]- - n- \n- S- bn \np- sImv Hcp \yq\-
]w AXns AkvXnXzhpw AhImi Xm]cyfpw Fs\
kpcnXamWw? Hcp `qcn]w AXns ]cn[npn `qcn]-
- am- sW ASn- m- \- n Xv e`n- t B[n- ]Xyw
Fs\ IcamWw? `cWobcmb kapZmbw, `cnp Hcp
kapZmbns B[n]Xyn\nv Fs\ kzX{amIpw? _e
lo- \- amb kap- Zmbw `cn- p Hcp kap- Zm- b- ns B[n- ]- Xy-
n\nv Fs\ kzX{amIpw? _elo\amb kapZmbw GsX

kXy- kmyw
nepw {]_ekapZmbns ssItbn\nv Xsf Fs\
csSpWw? temInse {]_e kapZmbv e`n A`n
hrnbpw inbpw sFizcyhpw ]ntm kapZmb Fs\
IcamWw? CXpw CXpt]mep a-t\Iw {]iv\fpw Aap
kv enw- Isf kw_- n- n- S- tmfw Xo- bmbpw {]m[m- \y- ap- - h-
Xs; F, {]Yam\w AlnphXsbpw BImw. Ah
cpsS apgph {ibpw ]cn{i-ahpw Acw {]iv\-fn tI{o-
IrXamhpIbpw sNbvtXmw. Fm, apkvenwIfmb \s kw_
nnStmfw Chsbmpw \psS ncw {]iv\f; {]XypX,
\psS kmm Ihypt\sc \mw A\phnp
t]m, Cpa\phnpt]mcp A{ibpsSbpw AhKW\bp
sSbpw Xn^-e am{XamWnXv. \psS kmm tPmen \mw
\nhlnpt]mncps-n C{Xb-[nIw koWhpw Akz
P\Ihpamb hnj-a{]-iv\ \s kw_-nnStmfapZv`
hnpambncpn. Cp \mw {]kvXpX {]iv\fpsS ImSv shn
s- fn- p- - Xn \psS Ign- hp- I hybw sNp- n. \psS
apgph {ibpw XymK]cn{iafpw IrXy\nhlWn tI{o
Icnp-]w, \aps, apgptemIn\pw ]cn{`aP\Iamb
Cu {]iv\ kzbw ]cnlrX-fmbno-cpsav ImWmhp-
XmWv . temIns kwkvIcWn\pw kwhn[m\n\pw Dc
hmZsh \fmbncpp; \psS Ihy \nhlWn \mw
Dt] hcpn; ^etam temIw apmSpIfm BhrXambn.
appItfsd \nd `mKw \psS Hml-cnbn hn[ns-SpIbpw
sNbv Xp!
apkvenw aXt\Xmfpw cmjv{SobmNmcymcpw Cu {]iv\w {Kln
m {ian- p- n- s- Xv F{X ]cn- Xm- ]- Icw! adnv, "\n- fpsS
kmm {]iv\' CtX \yq\]`qcn]--nsbpw tZi-
kzmX{ynsbpw kapZmb kwcWnsbpw `uXnI ]ptcm
K-XnbpsSbpw {]iv\-fmsWv Ah apkvenwIsf ]dp [cn
npIbmWv. Fnv AhbpsS ]cnlmcmYw X Aapkvenw
I- fn\np ]Tn D]m- b- Xs apkvenw- I- h \ntZ- in-
p sImSppIbpw sNpp. Fm, ssZhmkvXnIy-n Rm
hniz- kn- p- - {X- Xs F\n- p- d- pv, XnIpw A_- - t\- Xr- Xz-
am- W- h apkvenw- Iv \evIn- sm- n- cn- p- - sXv. Cu amK-

kXy- kmyw
-fneqsS Nenv \nsmcnepw hnPb-ktXnsent
cpI km[y-a. Rm \n-fpsS ISp t{Zmlnbmbncnpw, Cu
]cnXxnXnbn \nfpsS kmm PohnX{]iv\sasv Ie
hd IqSmsX Rm \n-v hyamncpnsn. Fs
hnizmka\pkcnv, \nfpsS ham\hpw `mhnbpw Htcsbmcp
tNmZytmSv _sncnpp. ssZhZqX aptJ\ \nv
e`n kmK-tmSv AXpambp _ns ASnm\n
emWv \n apkvenwIsfv ]d-b-s-SpXv; \n-fnjvSs-mepw
Csnepw, {]kvXpX _w ImcWw temIv Ckvemans {]Xn
\n- [n- I- fmbn \n KWn- - s- Sp- Ibpw sNpp. B kmK-
tmSv Fv \bamWv \nf\phnpXv? CXmWm tNmZyw!
{]kv XpX kmKs \n icn- - \p- K- an- p- Ibpw hmpw
{]h\hpw hgn AXn\v kmyw hlnpIbpw, \nfpsS kmaq
lnINcybn apgph Ckvemapw apdbvv {]Xn^ennsp XpS
pIbpamsWn, \nwibw \n CltemIv {]Xm]im
enIfpw ]ctemIv hnPb{ioemfnXcpambn `hnpw, Xo. Cp
\n-fpsS Xebvp aosX Xqp `b-nsbpw ZpxJ-nsbpw
ssZ\y-X-bp-sSbpw ]cm-P-b-n-sbpw ASn-a--n-sbpw Icm-f-
taL- Nne hj-Iw AIpamdp-XpamWv. \n-fpsS
kXy-t_m[\hpw kcnXfpw lrZbakvXnjvIsf Iog-Sn
smt t]mhpw. \nsfpdnp aXnpw hnizmkhpw temIv
thcpdbvpw; \oXnbpsS {]Xo--I \n-tfmSv am{Xw _n
sSpw; temIns hnizmkw \n-fpsS hnizkvXXbnepw kXy-
kXbnepw am{Xambncnpw; \nfpsS hmv {]amWambncnpw;
\ \nfn\nv am{Xw {]XonsSpw. AkXyns BNm
cy-mv \n-fpsS apn bmsXmcp \nebpw Ahti-jnp-X
; AhcpsS Fm Xzimkv{Xfpw cmjv{SobkmnI kn
mfpw \nfpsS kXyXpw kmKn\pw apn tIhew
I-\mW-b--fmbn X-sSpw. AhcpsS Iymn ImW-s-Sp
in-k-m-l--sfmw AS-Sv Ckvem-ans Iymn-tev
{]hlnpw. As\ Hcp Imew hcpw; Av IayqWnkw tamkvtIm
hnXs cmamKw ImWmsX ]cn{`anpw. apXemfn sUtam
{Ikn hmjnw- Kv S- Wnepw \yqtbmnepw t]mepw A`- b- m- \- an-
msX Ipgpw. `uXnIhmZw e\nsebpw ]mco-knsebpw bq\n
thgvknnIfn CSw e`nmsX Dgepw. hKo-b-Xznepw hwi-]m

kXy- kmyw
ccy al-znepw hnizknp-hsc {_mW-cnepw PaIm
cnepw IqSn Isp-X. Ckvemw t]mep APhpw kmh
{XnIhpamb inbpsS hml-I Hcp Imev "aqkmbpsS hSn'
I-n shv sImnjW-fpw Ib-dpIfpw Iv hnlze
cmIm am{Xw hnUvVnIfmbncppsh IY Ncn{Xnse KpW-
]mTambn am{Xw Ahtijnpw. \mw Ckvemans \njvIf tkh
Icpw \nkzmY kmnIfpambncnptm am{Xta Cs\ Hcp
`mhn \app {]XonpIqSq. adnmWv \psS \bsan \psS
Cl-temIw icns-SpIbnsp am{Xa, ]ctemIhpw Fs-t-
pambn \jvSsSpw. FmWv B \b-?
Amlp \evInb kmKw kw_-nv \nt]w Imp
k-stmse, kzbw D]-tbmK-s-SppItbm ap-hv D]-
tbmKsSphm A\phZnpItbm sNm \ne]mSv kzoIcnpI.
kzbw apkvenwIsfv hmZnv Ckvemans {]Xn\n[nIfmbn Na
bppshnepw hmpw {]hrnbpw hgn s]mXphn Pmlnen-
Xn\pw inIn\pw `uXnI ]qPpw [manI AcmPIXzn\pw km
yw hln-pI. hnip {Ks sIn-q-n-shv amK-Zi-\-
n\v Ip^v tI{sfbpw ZpamKktXsfbpw kao]npI.
\mhpsImv ssZhn\p ASnaw hmZnpsanepw ^en
kIe ]nimNn\pw "XzmKqn'\pw ASnahrn sNbvXpsImncn
pI. ssa{Xnbpw i{XpXbpsamw kztZl-n\pw kzmYn\pw
thnbmsWnepw Ckvemans\ Hcp InsbtmWw AXntev
henngv kzPohnXn\v Ckvemans A\p{Kl \jvSs
SppI. am{Xa; AXns t\tc temIn\v Adpw shdppw
P\nnphm\pw {ianpI. AXnssbms A\c^ew Am
lp- hns k\m- X\ \S- ]- Sn- b- \p- k- cnv, Cv \mw A\p- `- hn- p
AtX Zpch am{Xambncnpw. `mhn CXnepw `bm\IambncnpI
FXpw hnZqca. Ckvemans te_ amn ]cky-ambns
Ip^v ssIsmp ]w, NpcpnbXv AtacnbpsSbpw djy
bpsSbpw {_nsbpw CltemIw ]ptcmKanXpt]mse \nfpsS
Cl-temIhpw ]ptcmK-antpw; Fm, apkvenw Bbn P\np
Ibpw apkvenwIfmsX hnpIbpw Amlphns Zo\n\v I
{]mXn\n[yw hlnv temIn\v kmKIhmSw sImnbSbv p
Ibpw sNpI F Cu `bc Ipw CltemIpXs \nsf

kXy- kmyw
Dbcm A\phZnpX. Cu A]cm[n\v hnip JpB\n
ap{ZnXambnp in-bn\nv AXns kPoh ZrjvSmambn
PqXkapZmbw \nfpsS apnepv HgnpamdpI Hcp hn[nepw
\nv km[y-hpa. \n GIkapZmb-hmZamIp Ffp-
amKw kzoIcnmepw {]tXyI kmapZmbnIXzw AwKo-Icnv Ah
Imi- shphmnbmepw ^ew HpXs. {]kvXpX in
XSpphm\p amKw \nfm Ip-n\nv hncanpI Hpam
{X- amWv .
C\n, PamAs Ckveman Fptiy-tmSpIqSnbmWv cwK-
{]thiw sNbvXnpsXv Npcpn \nsf Adnbnphm
Rm\ptinpp. XfpsS Zo\mbn Ckvemans\ AwKoIcnp
kIe P\-tfmSpw Rp {]t_m[\w, {]kvXpX Zo\ns\
bYmY- nXs X- fpsS Zo\mbn AwKo- I- cn- - W- sa- mWv.
hyn]-cambn kzPo-hnXnepw kmaqlnIambn X-fpsS hoSv,
IpSpw_w, skmsskn, hnZymeb, kmlnXyw, ]{Xw, IhSw,
km-nI CS]mSpI, kwL-S\I, kmapZmbnI m]-\
FnhIfnepw s]mXpth X-fpsS kmapZmbnI\b-nepw ^e
nXs Ah-c-Xns\ m]n-Ww. X-fpsS hmpw {]hr-
nbpw hgn temIns apn AhcXn\v \njvIfambn km
yw hlnpIbpw thWw. apkvenwItfmSv R ]d-bpp: ap
kvenwIsf \nebvv Zo\ns\ m]nepw kXyn\v kmyw
hlnepw \n-fpsS PohnXns kmmeptiy-amWv; Xn
anw AXv, \n- fpsS Fm hn[ A[zm\ ]cn- {i- a- - fp- sSbpw
tI{hpw ApXpambncnWw. AXn\v hncphpw Ckvemans\
sXmbn {]Xn\n[oIcnpXpamb kIe hmpIfn\npw {]hr
nIfn\npw \n ]qW-ambpw hncanWw; Ckvemans\
apnhpsImv \n-fpsS apgph hmpIsfbpw Ia-sf
bpwIpdnv ]p\x]-cntim[\ \SWw; Zo AXns ]qW-cq]-
n AXns IacwKv m]nXamhpIbpw AXns kmyw
icnpw apdbvpw ]qnbmhpIbpw ey-]qo-IcW-n\v
aXnbmIhn[w temIn\p apn AXns\ kanpIbpw
sNpIsb amK-n apgph XymK-]-cn{i-afpw \n-fn
Ww.
CXt{X Pam- As Ckv em- an- bpsS m]- \- ns GI

kXy- kmyw
Dtiyw. Cu Dtiy]qoIcWn\v \mw kzoIcn amKw, BZy
ambn apkvenwIsf AhcpsS Ihy- A\pkvacnnpIbpw,
Ckvemw Fspw AXns Xm]-cy--sfsmsbmsWpw
apkvenamIpXns AYsaspw apkvenamIptXmsS Fsm
s DchmZnXz-fmWv a\pjy-s ta hptNcp-sXpw
Ahsc hyambn AdnbnpIbpamWv.
Cu kwKXnI a\nemnb P\sf ]noSv \mw Adnbn
p-XnXmWv: Ckvemans apgph Xm]-cy-fpw hyn]-cam
bn am{Xw ]qoIcnpI km[ya. AXn\v kwLSnX ]cn{iaw
Xs Bhiy-amWv . Zo\ns \t Ipd-smcp `mKwam{XamWv
hynPo-hnXhpambn _s-pInSpXv. AXv \n m]n
mXsbpw apgph Zo\pw m]nXamhpIbn. apgph Zo\n
sbpw kmy-\nhlWw ]qnbmhpIbpan. F, kmaq
lnI PohnXn Ip^v hyhbmWv B[n]Xyw sNepp
sX- n hyn- Po- hn- X- ns Xs an hi- - fnepw Zo\ns\
m]npI Akm[y-ambncnpw; kmaqlnI hy-hbpsS B{I
aWw hyn]-camb CkvemanI PohnX ]cn[nIsf Zn\w{]Xn IpSp
mnsmt t]mIpXpamWv. AXn\m, apgph Zo\pw m]n
phm\pw AXn\v icnv kmyw hlnphm\pw kwLSnX -]cn
{iaw XnIpw A\nhmcy-amIpp. apkvenwIfmIp-Xn\m hp
tNcp DchmZnXzsfpdnv icnv t_m[aphcpw Ah
\nhlnphm BmYambn Dtinp-hcpamb kIe P\
fpw kwLSnt Xocq. kwLSnX amtKW Zo\ns\ ^en
m]n- p- hm\pw temIs AXn- tev Wn- p- hm\pw Ah
]cn{i-anWw; "CJmaXpo\n'sbpw kXy-{]-t_m[\nsbpw
amKw XS- - s- Sp- p Fm {]Xn- _- - fpw Ah Xn- \o-
WwCXpsImmWv Zo\n kwL-S\ \n_-ams-ncnp
Xv. Zo\ns m]\n\pw kXy{]t_m[\n\pw thnbp
]cn{i-ans {Iaw, BZyw Hcp kpkwL-SnX ]mn \nehnhcn
Ibpw ]noSv Amlphns amK-n XymK-]-cn{i-a An
p- Ibpw sNpI F- Xm- bn- cn- Ww. CXp- sIm- p- X- s- bmWv
kwL-S\ IqSmsXbp PohnXs Pmlnenm PohnXnsbpw
kwL- S- \- bn\nv thdnp \ne- sIm- p- - Xns\ Ckv em- ap- ambn
_w apdn- p- - Xn- sbpw ]cym- b- ambn IW- m- - s- n- cn- p-

kXy- kmyw
Xpw.*
Cu bmYmYyw {Kln- p- Ibpw XZv ^- e- ambn, Zo\n- p- thn
kzw hyn- Xzhpw B- ]q- Pbpw _en- I- gnv kwL- S\m hyh-
bvv hnt[bcmIhw, DchmZnXzt_m[w ins
Sp- Ibpw sNp P\- - tfmSv Rv ]d- bm- \p- - Xn- XmWv :
Ctm \nfpsS apn aqv amKfpv; Ahbn \nn
jvSap GXp amKw kzoIcnphm\pw ]qW- kzmX{y-apv.
AXm-bXv R-fpsS {]t_m-[\w, BZiw, eyw, kwL-S-\m-
* Xmsg D-cn-p \_n-h-N-\-am-Wn-hnsS kqNnXw:
(Rm \n-tfmSv Av Imcy- Iev]n-pp. Am-lp-hmWv AsX-tmSv
Iev]nXv: kwLSnpI. (t\Xmhns) Bm\ntZi {ihnpI. A\p
k-cnpI. Am-lp-hn-\mbn (thn-h-m) kztZiw XyPn-pI. ssZh-amK-
n kacw sNpI. Hcm kwL-S\bn\nv Hcp Nm hn-Ipt]mbm
kwL-S-\-bn-tev aS-n-h-n-s-n Ckvem-ans _s Xs Igp-
n\nv Ah s]mnsdnp. Pmlnenntev (`nnntepw kwL
S- \m- cm- ln- Xy- n- tepw) Wn- p- - h \c- I- hm- kn- bmWv . kzlm- _n- am
tNmZnp: "Ah t\m-\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw (\c-
I-hm-kn-X-s-bmtWm?)' Xncp-ta\n Acp sNbvXp: "AsX. Ah \a-kvI-cn-
p-Ibpw t\m-\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw apkven-sav hmZn-p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw (\c-
I-hmkn Xs).''
Cu \_n-h-N-\-n aqv kwKXn hy-am-Ipp:
1. BZyambn kwLS\ \nehnhcpIbpw Fm hynIfpw t\XrXzs
khm\m A\pkcnpw F Ah kwPmXampI. ]noSv ]cnXxn
Xnbpw k`hpw BhiysSpIbmsWn "lnPvd'bpsSbpw "PnlmZn'sbpw
amKw ssIsmpI CXmWv CkvemanI {]h\ns icnbmb {Iaw.
2. kwLS\bn\np th]mSv Ckveman\np th]mSn\p Xpey
amWv. Bcpw Btcbpw A\pkcnmXncp, Ckveman\p aps "Pmlnenm'
Pohn-X-n-tev a\p-jy Xncn-p-t]m-Ip-I-sbmW-Xns AYw.
3. Ckvemans an Xm]cyfpw kmm Dtiyfpw kwLS\bpw
kwL-SnX ]cn-{i-a-fpw hgnt ]qo-I-cn-m-\mhq. AXn-\m, kwL-S-\-
bn\nv hnpt]mIphs\Ah \akvIcnpIbpw t\m\pjvTnpIbpw
apkven-sav hmZn-p-Ibpw sNp--tXm-sSmw Ckvem-an\nv ]pd-p-I-S-
-h-\mbn \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n IW-m-n-bn-cn-pp. CtX lZo-kns hni-Zo-I-c-
W-ambmWv
(kwLS\ IqSmsX Ckveman) Fv Dadp_v\p Jzm_v(d) ]dnpXv.

kXy- kmyw
hy-h, {]h\amKw Fnhsbmw kmm CkvemanI
amsWpw JpB\pw kp-Xpa\pkcnv apkvenw kapZmb-ns
kmm IhytatXm AXv \nhlnphm\mWv R Hcp
npd-s-np-sXpw \n-fpsS lrZbw kmyw hlnpp
shn R-fpsS IqsS hcpI. C\n h ImcW-himepw R-
fn \nv kwXr]vXnbnmsX hcpIbpw kmm Ckvem
anI ey- n- \p- thn, Ckvem- anI amK- n- eqsS {]hn- p-
sImncnp at-sXnepw kwL-S\ \n-fpsS ZrjvSnbnepm
bncnpIbpamsW-n AXn tNp {]hnpI; Acw
Hcp kwL- S\ Zrjv Sn- bn s]n- cp- p- sh- n RX- sbpw
AXn {]thinncpts\! ImcWw "RfpsS iIew CjvSnI
sImv thdnsmcp ]n \nanW'sa Isampw Rn
. C\n RfpsS ]mnbntem ap ]mnIfntem Hpw \nv
hnizmkw hcp-n-s-n Ckvem-anI I-hy -\nh-l-WmYw
\n kzbw HcpnpdstSnbncnpp. kqW Zo\ns\
kwm]npIbpw, hmpw {]hrnbpw hgn Ckveman\v kmyw
hlnpIbpw sNpIsb eyw AwKo-IcnpsImp Hcp
kwLS\ CkvemanI -amKa\pkcnv \n kzbw cq]oIcnt
nbncnpp. Cu aqv amK--fn GsXmp \n-fhew_n
mepw ssZhm\p{K-l-m kXy-amK-nXs-bmbncnpw.
R-fptSXv am{XamWv "kXy-kwLw' Ftm R-fpsS kwL-S
\- bn- e- m- - h Ak- Xy- amK- n- em- sWtm R- sfm- cn- epw
hmZnnn. kpt_m[ap Imetmfw As\ hmZnpI km[y
hpa. P\sf RfpsS ]mnbntev Rsfmcnepw Wn
nn; apkvenwIsf \nebvv R-fpsSbpw \n-fpsSbpw ta
AnXamb `mcn _m[yX \nhlnpXntev hcpI Fp
am{XamWv R-fpsS Ww. B Ihyw \n \nhlnp
sImncnp ]w Rfpambn klIcnp sImmsWnepw
Asnepw \n kXynemWv. Fm, Ihy -\nhl
W-n\p kzbw aptmv hcmXncnpIbpw amscnepw aptmv
hm Ahcpambn kl-IcnmXncnpIbpw IpX ]d-
pw IpX{-fp]-tbmKnpw _meni-amb HgnIgnhpIfpbn
nSnpw "CJmaXpo\n'sbpw kXy-kmy \nhl-W-nsbpw
I- hy- n\nv kq{X- n Hgn- p amdp- I- bmWv \n
sNpsXn, kXyZo\n\p ]Icw ap h hyhbpw m]n

kXy- kmyw
p-Xn\pw Ckveman\p ]Icw ap hXn\pw hmpw {]h
\hpw hgn kmyw hln- p- - Xn- \p- amWv \n- fpsS Ign- hp- I
Zphybw sNpXpsan AsXmcp hn[nepw icnbmbncnn.
Cl-temIhpw AXns Bmcpw am{XambnmWv \apnSs]-tS
n- bn- cp- - sX- n X{- fpw Xn- p- Ifpw hgn Imcyw t\Sm
t\mmambncpp. Fm, \apnSs]-tSXv lrZb cl-ky--
fdnbp kh-\mb AmlphpambnmWv . Ahs\ hnp
hmt\m sXncnnphmt\m km[y-a!
Htc eyn\pw Htc {]h\n\pambn hnhn[ kwLS
\I DSseSppIsb-Xv {]Xy--n sXmbn tXmntb-m
sa-Xn kwi-b-an. On{ZXbvpw Ipg--n\pw [mcmfw ]gpXp
-XpamWXv. ]t, Ckvemans kmaqlnIL-S\ Xmdpamdmbn
- gn- bp- Ibpw {]iv\w B hyh- sb \S- p- I- sb- - X, ]p\x-
m- ]n- p- I- sb- - Xm- bn- o- cp- Ibpw sNp- tm, apkv enw kap-
Zmbw H-Sw Dsmp APamAv Hmtcm apkvenan\pw
{]thi\w \n_ambnp, hnp\nev "PmlnenXn'\pw hnp
t]mc apmIen\pw Xpey-ambnp AJne temI Ckvem
anI PamAv {]mcw`nXs {]Xyn hcpI Hcnepw
km[y-a. BZy-amZyw Hmtcm {]tZipw Hmtcm kwL-S\I XZm
hiymYw cq]oIrXambn kzw \nebvv {]hnpt]mcpIb
msX KXycan. HSphn Cu kwLS\Isfmw Hmbnocpw.
kzmYw, Xo{hhmZw, `uXnIXm]cyw Fo amen\y--fn\nv
]cnip\mbn BmYXtbmSpIqSn kmm CkvemanI eyw
{]m]nm CkvemanI amK-nqSn {]hnppshn,
kXyamKn Nenphv A[nIImew AIp\nevpI
km[y-a. kXyw C-sn \msf Ahsc IqnbnW-pI Xs
sNpw. ImcWw, kXy- ns {]IrXn Bh- iy- s- Sp- - Xp- Xs
kwL-S\, CWw, cRvPnv, sFIyw FnhbmWv. kXy-tm
sSmnv kzev]w AkXyw IecpItbm ]pdv kXyns {]Zi
\hpw AIv AkXyw {]hnp sImncnpIbpw sNpsa
n am{Xta `nnpw Ipg-hpw s]mnpd-s-SpIbpq.
C\n, RfpsS Cu kwLS\sb CjvSsv AXn {]thin
p P\--tfmSv R-sf-mWv Bh-iy-s-Sp-Xv? R-fpsS
] Ahv Fv tPmenbmWpXv ? Hmtcm apkvenant\mSpw

kXy- kmyw
Ckvemw Bhiy-s-Sp-Xn Ihnv bmsXmpw AwK--tfmSv
Rm- h- iy- s- Sp- hm- \n. Ckvem- ans kmm Bh- iy- -
fn HcWpthmfsanepw R IqpItbm IpdbvpItbm sNp
n. apgph Ckvemans\ bmsXmcp G-pdhpw IqSmsX Hmtcm
hynbpsSbpw apn R kanpp; Cu Zo\ns\ t_m[
]qhw kzoI- cn- - W- sapw AXns Bh- iy- ]Tn- - dnv
icnpw apdbvpw \nh- ln- - W- sapw, Zo\ns hn[n- Itm
Bmhnt\m hncpambn hXpw X-fpsS Bi-bmZi--fntem
hmpIfntem {]h\fntem ew ]nSnnpsn Ah
sbmw \ntjw ]pd-sdnp Ifb-W-sapw, X-fpsS apgp
h PohnXnepw "Ckveman'v kmyw hlnW-sapw R-
fhtcmSv Bhiy-s-SpIbpw sNpp. CXt{X R-fpsS {]th
i\ ^okv ! R-fpsS ]mn-bw-K-Xz-n-\p \nb-a-hy-h-bpw
CXp- Xs. R- fpsS `c- W- L- S- \bpw kwL- S- \m- hy- h- bpw
{]t_m[\ ey-hpsamw kIe P\-fpsSbpw apn Xpd-p
InSpv. kmm Ckveman JpBsbpw kp-Xnsbpw
AkvXnhmcn sInbpbs Ckveman hXpw R
GpItbm IpdbvpItbm sNbvXnptm Fv Bv thWsa
nepw ]cntim[npt\mmw. GsXnepw hnjbspdnv, AXv
JpBsbpw kpXnsbpw inWfn R Iqnt
Xm- sWv BXs sXfn- bn- mepw, R- fn\n- - Xns\ Xn-
fbphm GXhkcnepw k-cmWv. AXpt]mse JpB
sbpw kp-Xnsbpw in-W-nep Hpw R-fpsS ]
en- sv B Nqn- m- Wn- p- X- cp- I- bm- sW- nepw \n- ]qhw
RfXv ssIsmpw. FpsImsm, apgph Zo\ns\bpw
bmsXmcp G- p- dhpw hcp- msX m]n- p- hm\pw AXn\p
kmyw hln-p-hm-\p-amWv R Hcp-n-p-d-s-n-cn-p--sX-
ncns, Cu eyn R I]SmcmsWphm R
fn]cw A{IanI amcmWv ?
R-fpsS kwL-S\m hy-hbn {]thinp-hv R-
fpsS ASpep GI tPmen, Ah hmpw {]h\fpw
hgn Ckveman\v kmyw hlnpIbpw CkvemanI hyhnXn
]qW-cq]-n m]nphm\mbn kwL-SnX ]cn{iaw \Sp
Ibpw As\ kXykmyIhyw ]qWambn \ndthpIbpw
sNpI- sb- - XmWv. hmp- aq- e- ap kmy- ns Imcy- am- sW-

kXy- kmyw
n, X-fpsS Ignhpw {]m]vXnbpa\pkcnv, \mhpsImpw t]\
sImpw Ckveman\v Ghpw bpamb kmyw hlnm k-
- cm- I- - - hn[w AwK- v R ]cn- io- e\w \ev Ipp.
AJne PohnX {]iv\sfpdnpap CkvemanI inW
fpsS kXy- Xbpw khn- ti- j- Xbpw hnm\ kmln- Xy- - fpsS
kIe hIp- p- I- fnepw temI- n\v kwL- Sn- X- ambn Xpd- p- Im-
Wnpw. Cu BhiymYw {]kno-IcW {]NmcW--fpsS km[y-
amb Fm amK-fpw D]-tbmK-s-SppIbpw CXn\p m]-
\ Gs-Spphm {ianpIbpw sNpp. Iaw hgnp
kmy- am- sW- n, Hm- a- Xmbn Hmtcm hynbpw Ckvem- ans
kPoh kmnbmbnocpw. Ckvemw AXns kmm ssNX
\ytmSpIqSn {]hnpXmbn ImWm Ignbp Hcp kpkw
L-SnX skmsskn {]kvXpX hynIfm DSseSpv hfp
hcnIbpw sNpw. {]kvXpX skmsskn AXns XymK-]-cn{i-a
hgn \njn hyhIfpsS A[nImcm[n]Xyahkm\nnv
temIv Ckvem-ans ]qW {]mXn-\n[yw hln-p kXy-hy-
h m]n- p- Ibpw sNpI- sb- - XmWv R- fpsS ]cn- {ia
Dw.
am\ytc, CXmWv R-fpsS eyw; CXt{X R-fpsS ]cn
]mSn. CXv Hcp apkvenan\v Bt]n hnjbambnot
p-sav R {]Xo-n-p-n. Fm, kw`-hn--Xn-XmWv:
Cu amKn R ImseSppsh Hmw Znhkw apXp
Xs Bt- ]m- [n- t- ]- - fpsS HSp- m Hcp Pe- {]- hmlw
Bn- c- n- h- cp- I- bmWv!
Fm Bt-]-fpw ]cnK-W-\ml--f; Hcp {]kwK-n
Ahsbmw {]Xn]mZnpI km[yhpa. AXn\m, \nfpsS Cu
\K- c- n sXn- m- c- W- I {]N- cn- n- p- hm- \p- ]- tbm- Kn- p
Bt-]--sfpdnp am{Xta Cu k`n Rm \nsf
DWp- hm- \m- {K- ln- p- pq:
""\n-fpsS Cu PamAv, Ckveman ]pXnb Inv ASn
d ]mIpIbmsW''v Bt-]ns-Sppv. Fm, In
Xzns kmm ImcW FsmsbmsWv , Bt
]apbnphv Hcp]t Adnhpmbncnn. Zo\n ]mn
]nSnhpw InXzhpw krjvSnphnSpXn\v t{]cIfmb hkvXp

kXy- kmyw
sfmsaSpv ]cntim[np-]w Ah \men\-fmbn hn`
Pnmw. Hv: kmm Zo\n Cm Fsnepsamv Iqn
tv AXns\ Ip^v dpw Cuam\pw Xn- ep `nn- nt\m
kmKhpw ZpamKhpw Xn- ep hyXym- k- nt\m ASn- - d-
bm- pI. cv : Zo\nse GsX- n- ep- samcp {]tXyI {]iv \- n\v ,
InXm_pw kp- Xp- a- \p- k- cnv AXn\v e`n- n- n- m {]m[m\yw
\evIpIbpw Fnv AtX {]iv\s InXzn\v ASnm\
ampIbpw sNpI. aqv: Kthj-WmIhpw CPvXnlmZo-]-chp
amb {]iv\fn AXncpIhnbpIbpw Acw {]iv\fn X
fptSXm amK--fhew_nhsc ]ng-htcm ^mknJpItfm
Im^ndpItfm Bbn hn[nI]npItbm NpcpnbXv AhtcmSv
hnthN\]-cambn s]cpamdpItbm sNpI. \mev: \_n(k) Xncp
ta\nv tijap GsXnepsamcmfpsS {]tXyI hynXzn
AXncpI-hn-bp-Ibpw, AwKo-I-cn-p-Itbm \nc-kn-p-Itbm sNp-
Xv Cuampw Ip^vdnpw am\Zambno-cp hn[nep
h m\-]-Z-hnbpw Abmp--Xmbn hmZn-p-Ibpw sNpI.
Asn GsXnepsamcp kwLS\, Xfn {]thinh am{X
amWv kXynsepw ap apkvenwIsfmw AkXynemsWpw
hmZn- pI.
Rm tNmZnpp, {]kvXpX \men\fn GXn\ns]
A_-amWv R {]hnnpXv? C C\n R
sXp sNbvXnpsv sXfnhpI klnXw Bscnepw Nqn
mWnpXcp ]w, R DS ]m]np aSpXmWv.
sXp- Xn- cpn kzbw kwkv I- cn- p hnj- b- n R- sfm- cn-
epw Ae- k- m- cm- hp- I- bn. Fp- sIm- s- m In- Xzhpw
`nnpw krjvSnphm\, Amlphns Zo m]nphm\mWv
R ]pd- s- n- p- Xv . Fm, Acw bmsXm- c- _- hpw
R sNbvXnnsn, RfpsS {]h\ hgn InXzw
DSseSppsav `b-s-Sp-sXs\?
kmm Ckv emw G- p- d- hp- I- fn- m ]qW Ckv emw
ssIbn- se- Sp- p- sIm- mWv R ]pd- s- n- p- Xv . "hcp- hn,
\apv HptNv AXns\ ^en m]npIbpw temI
n\v apn AXn\v kmyw hlnpIbpw sNpI' Fv am{X
amWv apkvenwItfmSp \psS {]t_m[\w.

kXy- kmyw
Zo\ns GsXnepsamcp {]iv\stbm Nne {]iv\-sftbm
A, apgph Zo\ns\bmWv kwLS\bpsS ASnm\ambn R
AwKo-I-cn-n-p-Xv .
CPvXnlmZo]camb {]iv\fn, icoAns \nbahyh
bn ]gpXp Fm "aZvl_p'Ifpw amKfpw kXysav R
AwKoIcnpp. {]kvXpX aZvl_pIfn X\nv kwXr]vXn tXm
p Hn\\pkcnv {]hnm\p AhImiw kzw \ne
bv v Hmtcm- cp- pw R hI- sh- p- sIm- Sp- p- p- apv . F-
m, CPvXnlmZo-]-camb GsXnepsamcp {]tXyI amK-ns
ASnm\n ]mn]nSnhpw Inam-cyhpw R-f\ph
Zn- p- - X.
kzw ]mnsb kw_-nv AXncpIhn bmsXmcp hnizm
khpw R shp]pepn. kXyw R-fpsS ]mnp
n am{Xw ]cnanXamsWv Rsfmcnepw hmZnnpan. R
fpsS I- hy- s- p- dnv t_m[w- h- - tm AXv \nh- ln- p-
hm- \mbn R aptmv hp- sh- t- bpq. AtXm- sSmw
\np Ihyw \nsf HmannpIbpw sNpp. R
tfmsSmw tNtm thdntm kwLSntm Fs\ thWsanepw
\nv Ihyw \nhlnmw; C\n amscnepw Ihyw
\nhlnpXmbn ImWppsn \nv Ahcpambn kl
Icnmw. "CamdXn'(t\XrXzw)s hnj-b-nepw AXncpIhn
\ne-]mSv shp-]p-ep-n. GsX-n-ep-samcp {]tXyI hyn-
Xzs Ahew_npsIm Rfo {]m\hpambn aptmv
hnpXv. CXns t\Xmhn\v GsXnepw Nne {]tXyI ]Zhn
I R hmZnppan; Abmsfpdnv amlmy--fpsSbpw
shfn]mSpIfpsSbpw AZv`pXIrXy--fpsSbpw IYI {]NmcWw
sN-s-Sppan. AbmtfmSp hynhnizmkn\pta ]mn
sInSpsnn. B hynXzntev WnsSppan.
t\Xmhns {]hN\, kz]v\, shfn]mSpI, AZv`pX,
amlmy- Fnhsb-pdnp NIfn \nv R-fpsS
{]m\w XnIpw ]cnipamWv. ChnsS Ww hynbntetm
hynIfntetm A, hnipJpBs \ntZia\pkcn Hmtcm
apkv en- an- sbpw Pohn- X- e- y- tatXm B ey- n- te- mWv ;
"Ckvemw' F t]cn AdnbsSp XzkwlnXbntemWv.

kXy- kmyw
Cu ey{]m]vXnmbn, Cu Xzf\pkcnv Rfpambn kl
Icnv {]hnm\ptinp Fmhcpw R-fpsS ]mnbn
ka\nebn AwKfmhpp. Cu AwK Xfn\nv Hcmsf
Aaodm(t\Xmhv)bn sXcsSppp. "CamdXv' (t\XrXzw) Abm
fpsS hyn]-camb AhImi-amsW \nebv, kwL-SnXam
bp GXp {]h\n\pw Hcp t\Xmhv IqSntb -Ignbq F
XpsImp am{Xw. Xncs-Sps Cu Aao \ow sN-s-
SmhpXpw kwLS\bnep asmcp hyn Xm\tv sXc
s-Sps-Smhp-XpamWv. Cu Aao apgph apkvenw kapZm
bnsbpw Aaod; Cu ]mnbpsS am{Xw AaodmWv. ]mnbn
eps- - hv am{Xta Abmsf A\p- k- cn- \n_- - apq.
AbmfpsS ssIv "ss_AXp' sNmh "Pmlnenm acWw
hcnp'sa bmsXmcp [mcWbpw R-fpsS lrZb-nen.
R-fpsS {]h\amKw CXmsW-n, Cu {]m\w hgn
kapZmbn Hcp ]pXnb hKw Fs\bmWpSseSppIsbv
Amlpsh ap\ndpnsbmv ]d-pXmepw! \qmpIfmbn
CtX A_fns]v Ignbp P\fmWv Cu Btcm]W
RfpsS t\v sXmSpphnSpsXpXmWv Gsd hnNn
{XambnpXv. Ah ImcWw ]mn]nSnhpw Ina-chpam
Ip \miw ]Sp]nSnpp; kz]v\fpw shfn]mSpIfpw AZv`p
XIrXy--fpamWv AhcpsS Nm hnj-b-. X-fpsS kIe
{]h\fpw GsXnepsamcp "lZvdn't\mSp hynhnizm
kns ASnm\nemWv XpSpt]mcpXv . Nne {]tXyI
hynIv Nne {]tXyI m\]ZhnI AhnSbn hmZn
-s-Spp. imJm-]-c-amb {]iv\--fn-ep X-hn-X-fpw
hmZ{]XnhmZfpw Ahcn khkm[mcWamWv. "aZvl_p'IfpsS
ASnm\n tNcn]ncnnepw Ina-cfpw \nXy-kw`h
-fmWv . shdpv hnNmcnpIbnsn Rm Xpdp ]d-bs,
Ahsc Acniw sImn kmm A]cm[w Rsfn Ah
]pdp]dbpX; {]XypX, AhcpsS CIv CjvSanm
kmm Zo\o{]h\fntev R {]t_m[\w \Sn
sbpXmWv. AhcnXp hsc ssIsm amKfpsS A_w
\ambn ]pd-phcm CSbmp-hn[w {]kvXpX tPmenmbn
R icnbmb amKw Ahew_npshp-XmWv!

kXy- kmyw
RtfmSv ]dbsSpp: ""Zo\n\pthn {]hnpIbmWv
\nv th- sX- n AXv kk- tmjw sNbv Xp- sIm- pI;
]t, AXnmbn Hcp {]tXyI kwLS\ Hcp {]tXyI t]cn
Fn\v m]np? AXphgn kapZmbn ]nfpmhpIbmWv
sNpI.'' hmkvXhn AXnhnNn{Xamb Hcmt]amWnXv. Rm
A- c- p- I- bmWv . aX- ]- c- amb In- a- - c- pw X\n- `u- XnI
Xm]- cy- pw thn ]mm- Xy {]Pm- b- - co- Xn- bntem
^mknv k{- Zm- b- ntem apkvenw- I- fp- sS- s kwL- S- \- I
{]tXyI t]cpItfmSpIqSn DSseSppIbmsW-n AXv ima
\tmsS klnpt]mcpp; Fm, Zo\ns kmm {]h
\mbn X\n CkvemanI Xzf\pkcnv h kwLS\bpw
cq]o-IrXamhp-]w DS kapZmb-n ]nfnsbpw `nn
nsbpw A]-ISaWn apg-npSpIbmbn! klnm Ignbm
- Xmbn Cusbmcp kwL- S- \m - cq- ]o- I- cWw am{X- ta- bpq!
CXn\nv kwi- bn- t- Xv , Bt- ]- Iv bYmY- n- ep
Aajw kwLS\m cq]oIcWtmS, Zo\ns kmm tPmen
\nhlnp-Xn\mbn kwL-S\ cq]o-Icnp-XnemIpp. Fn
cpmepw Acmsc hn\b-]qhw Rm\pWpp: kwL-S\
DmpIsb Cu A]-cm[w Hcp hnt\mZambn, \n_-nX
cmbnmWv R sNbvXnpXv. kwLS\m cq]oIcWn\p -
apv ]e hjtfmfw Rm HbvpXs kapZmbs DZvt_m
[nnpsImncppshv Fmhpadnbmw. "Atbm apkvenw
Itf, GtXXv amKfnemWv \nfpsS IgnhpIfpw ]cn{iafpw
Zphybw sNbvXpsImncnpXv ! \nv {]hnm\p
kmm tPmen CXmWv: apgph XymK]cn{iafpw CsXmn
tI{o-IcnpI' Fv Rm\hsc DWnsmtbncpp. Cu
Ww Fm apkvenwIfpw kzoIcnncppshn apkvenwIfn
Hcp ]mn F-Xn\p -]-Icw apkvenwIfpsS Hcp ]mn cq]o-IrX
amIpambncpp. NpcpnbXv , Cysb kw_-ntStmfsa
nepw kmm "APamAv ' - GsXmns kmn[yn
asmcp ]mn cq]o- I- cn- pI ico- A- ns ZrjvSn- bn \njn- -
amtWm B APamAv {]Xyn hcpambncpp. AYhm,
apkvenwIfpsS hnhn[ kwLS\Ifn Hsnepw B {]t_m[\w
AwKo-Icnm k-X {]ISnnncppshn AXpsIms
nepw R Xr]vXnb-Sp kktmjw AXn {]thinp

kXy- kmyw
am- bn- cpp. ]t, hnfnp hnfnp R Xfp; tIm
Bcpw kcmbn. Atm \n_nXcmbn R Xocpam
\np, Cu tPmen kXy-sapw \n_-sapw {KlnpIgn
P\ kzbw kwL-Snv, AXn\mbn kmaqlnI ]cn{iaw \S
W-sav. CXmsX as-mWv R sNt-nbncpXv? Cu
tPmen \n_- - am- sW- - Xns\ \n \ntj- [n- p- p- sh- n
AXn\p sXfnshmp tIs. C\n \ntj[npnsn,
Cv \ne- hn- ep hnhn[ kwL- S- \- I CtX I- hy- amtWm
hmkvX-h-n \nh-ln-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Xv Fsmv ]d-p-
Xmepw. CsXmpasn ]ns Ihyw a\nemn AXv
\nhlnphm apnnd-p-hsc A]-cm[nIfmbn KWnm
am{Xw \n-fnp A[x]-Xnpt]mbncnbmtWm?
R-fpsS t\sc D-bns-Sp asmcp Bt]w, ""\n-
fpsS t\Xmhn\v Aao F hmv Fn\v kzoIcnp? ]cam[n
Imcap Bp am{Xta "Aaosd'tm "Camsa'tm ]d-bsSm
hq'' FmWv. Cu hmZn\pt]mZv_-eIambn Nne lZo-kpIfpw
FSppbnsSpp. AXns ASnm\n kaYns
Spp: "CamaXv' Fm, m\nstbm \akvImcnstbm
bpnstbm CamaXmWv; CXv aqpamsX "CamaXn's asm
cn\hpw icoAXnen Fv. CkvemanI hyhnXn cmjv{Sobm[n
]- Xy- L- - n {]th- in- p- Ibpw ]c- am- [n- Im- c- ap "Cam- av '
m]n- X- am- hp- Ibpw sNbv Xn- cp Imes kw_- n- p
"^nJvlpw' lZo- kp- Ifpw am{Xta Cu Bt- ]- ap- - bn- p- -
hdnbpIbpq. apkvenwIfpsS kwL-S\bvv A[nImcin
\jvSsSpIbpw Ckvemans kwLS\mhyh XmdpamdmhpIbpw
sNp k`-fntep ico-AXv hn[nIsfsmssbv
Ah- dn- p- IqSm. Rm\- h- tcmSv tNmZn- pp, Acw ]cn- Xx-
nXnbn apkvenwIfn Hmtcm hynbpw H-sv \nesImp
Ibpw ""Amlpth, cmjv{So-bm[nImcap Hcp "Caman's\ Ab-p
X- tc- Wta'' Fv {]mYn- p- sIm- n- cn- p- I- bp- amtWm thXv ?
AX, Acw CamaXv m]nphm h kwL-SnX {iahpw
thXptm? DspXsbmWv Ah ]dbpsXn kwL
S\ cq]oIcnmsX ap h kwLSnX ]cn{iahpw km[yamtWm
Fv AhXs kZbw ]dpXtcXmWv. kwLS\bpm
msX KXy--c-an-sv k-Xn-p-p-sh-n, Hcp t\Xm-hn-s\-

kXy- kmyw
qSmsX GsXnepw kwLS\ hyhm]nXambn \SpI km[y
amtWm? t\Xmhns Bhiy-IXbpw Ah AwKo-Icnppsh
n, CkvemanI ey-n\mbn cq]o-Icns-Sp CkvemanI
kwL-S-\-bpsS t\Xm-hn\v Ckvem-an Fv kmt-Xn-I-]-Z-amWv
\nbnsnpsXv Ah NqnmWnpXm aXn. Ah
\ntZ- in- p kmt- Xn- I- ]Zw GXm- bmepw Ckvem- anI kmt-
XnI]ZamsWn RfXv kzoIcnpsImmw. Asn]ns,
cmjv{Sobm[nImcw e`nXn\p tijap Ahsbpdnv am{Xta
Ckveman \ntZi-apqshpw, A[nImcanm Ahbn
AsXs\ IcamWsaXns\pdnv bmsXmcp \ntZihpw
Ckvemw \evIn- bn- n- spw, AXn\v apXn- cp- - h A\n- kvem- anI
]cn- ]m- Sn- Ifpw A\n- kv em- anI ]Z- fpw kzoI- cn- p- sIm- p- Xs
Amcyw \nhlntXmsWpw Ah Xpdp]dbs! CX
Ah- cpsS Dt- iy- sa- n A[y- , eoU, "JmCZv ' XpS- nb
kmtXnI ]Z-fp]-tbmKnpXv Ah kktmjw klnp
Ibpw Fm, "Aao' F CkvemanI kmtXnI]Zw tIp
am{Xbn hnd-fnsb-SppIbpw sNpXv Rsf kw_-n
nStmfw a\nemm Ignbm ISYbmbncnpp!
Cu {]iv\w {KlnpXn s]mXpth P\v hnjaw t\cn
Sp-Xn\v ImcW-apv: \_n(k) Xncpta\nbpsS Imev "Aaosd'
tm "Camsa'tm D kmtXnI ]Z D]-tbmK-s-psIm
ncp Ln CkvemanI`cWw m]nXambngnnpm
bncpp. CkvemanI `cWw \nehnenmXncp L-n Xncpta
\nXs {]hmNIs\ \nebvv CJmaXpo\n\p thnbp ]cn
{iav t\XrXzw hlnpsImncnpIbmbncpp. AXn\m,
"CamdXn'stbm "CamaXn'stbm kmtXnI]-Z D]-tbmKn
tp bmsXmcp k`hpapmbncpn. Fm, apkvenw
IfpsS Fm kmaqlnI {]h\-fnepw Ckvemw {Iahpw hyh
bpw Bh- iy- s- Sp- p- sv , Ckv em- ans apgp- hy- h- bpw
apnshv ]cntim[np-]w \njv{]-bmkw {Klnmhp-
XmWv . AXn\v Ckv emw \ntZ- in- p icn- bmb cq]- am- Is,
{]h\w kwL- Sn- X- ambn \nh- ln- - s- Sp- I- sb- p- - XmWv .
kwL-S\bn A\pkcWhpw AShpw DmbncnWw; Hcp
hyn AXns "Aao' (t\Xmhv ) Bbn- cn- bpw thWw. \a-
kvImcw \nhlnptm kwLSnXambn \nhlnpIbpw AXn

kXy- kmyw
s\mcp "Camw' (t\Xmhv) Dm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. lm-sW-
n AXpw kwL-SnXambpw Aao-dn\v Iognembpw \nhlnWw.
F, aqmfpI bm{X ]pd-s-Sp ]w Ahcpw kwL-SnX
cmbn bm{X sNtXpw Xfn Hcmsf AaodmtXpamIpp.
""aqm- fp- I bm{X ]pd- s- m Ah- cn- sem- cmsf Aao
Bs''*
Ckv em- anI ico- A- ns Cu Bm- hn- s\- bmWv Da(d)
Cs\ hnhcnXv:
""kwLS\ IqSmsX Ckveman; t\XrXzanmsX kwLS\bn;
A\pkcW-anmsX t\XrXzhpan.''**
BIbm, CJmaXpo-\n\pw kXy-kmy -\nhl-W-n\pw
thnbp XymK]cn{iambn cq]oIcnsSp kwLS
\bpsS t\Xmhn\v "Aaosd'tm "Camsa'tm D]-tbmKnpXv
XnIpw icnbpw \ymb-hpamsW-mWv R a\nemnbnp
Xv. Fm, "Camw'F ]Z-n Nne {]tXyI AY-
]nnSnpIgnnpXp \nanw Ipg---fn\nv c-s-Sp
hm\mbn, {]kvXpX hmpt]-nv "Aaosd' ]ZamWv R-fp
]- tbm- Kn- p- Xv.
Cn[w kwL-S\bpsS t\Xmhmbn sXcs-Sps-Sp hy-
nv kImv ]ncn- s- Sp- m Ah- Im- i- an- spw Ckvem- anI
Khsans Aao-dn\p am{Xta AXn-\-[n-Im-c-ap-q-sh-p-ap
AXnhnNn{Xamb Hcmt-]hpw ChnsS tIm Ignp. kIm
Xv ]ncnsSppXv kw_-np R-fpsS ]cn]mSn, Bt-
*
"apkv\Zv AlvaZn'emIs, A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Dadn(d)\nv \nth-Z\w sN-s-
-Xmbn hn-p hmp-I C{]-Im-c-amWv:
(GsX-nepw hnP-\-{]-tZ-i-p aqp-t] X-fn Hcmsf X-fpsS Aao-dm-
m-Xn-cn-p-Xv Ahv Xotc A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a.) bm{X-bn am{X-a, GX-h-
-bnepw apkvenw-I kwL-Sn-X-cm-bn-s PohnXw \bn-t--Xp-spw
AhcpsS bmsXmcp kmaqlnI {]h\hpw kwLS\bpw Camapw IqSmsX
\nh-ln-m-h-X-spw CXn\nv hy-am-Ip-pv.
**

kXy- kmyw
]w ]pdsSphnphv Hcp]t a\nemm Ignnp
mbncnn. apkvenwIsfmw AhcpsS kImXv ss_Xpamen
sImph-Sbv W-sap R-fmhiy-s-nn. Rsf Gev]n
mhcpsS kImXv hoSpIbnspw R-sfmcnepw ]d-n
n. kImXv PamAXns ss_Xpamen ASbvWsav R
fpsS PamA-nse AwK--tfmSv am{Xta R-fmhiy-s-npq.
CXpsImv R-fptinpXv, ico-A-Xns hnh-b-\pkcnv
kwL-Sn-X-ambn kImXv tiJ-cnv hnX-cWw sNp-hm apkvenw-
I ioenpIsbpXmWv. Cs\ R sNpXn ico
AXns ZrjvSnbn h tZmjhpapsn AsXmsWpw ico
A-Xnse GXv hn[nmW-sXXnscpw Zb-hpsNbvXv Bscnepw
]d-p-X-mepw! \a-kvImcw Akw-L-Sn-X-ambn hoSp-I-fnshv
\nhlnpXn\p ]Icw kwLSnXambn \nhlnWsav P\
tfmSv ]dbphm RhImiapsn, kImXv Hbvsm
mbn sImSppXn\p ]Icw Iqmbn \nhlnWsav ]d
bphm Rv FpsImhImian? hcnkwJy ]ncnpI
bmsW-n XctSn. {]thi\ ^okpw AwK-Xz^okpw \n-
bn- p- I- bm- sW- n AXpw \Xv; ]t, Am- lphpw dkqepw
\nbn Ihyw \nhlnphm\mbn DZvt_m[nnpIbmsW
ntem AXt-bw \njnw! F{X hnNn{XamWnXv!!
CXnepw ckmhlamb asmcmt]w ""Rsfn\v ss_Xp
am m]np''shp-XmWv. Ccw Bt-]- tIp
tm, Ckvemans kmtXnI ]ZtfmSpXs Cqstm
AajapXpt]mse tXmntmIpp! kmaqlnI {]h\
fn [\w sNehgnm thnbp JP\mhv GsXmcp ]mnbpw
kwL- S- \bpw m]n- p- sa- Xv hy- amWv. R- fpsS kwL- S-
\bvpw A-s\sbmpv. R-fXn\v "ss_Xpam' Fp
]d-bpp. ImcWw, AXmWv CkvemanI kmtXnI ]Zw! JPm\
FmWv RfXns\ hnfnsXn Chv bmsXmcmt-]-hp
apmIpambncpn. "{Sjdn' FmWv ]dncpsXnepw Ch
kpjvScmIpambncpp. Fm, HcnkvemanI kmtXnI]Zw D]
tbmKntm AXnhv klnm\mhpn!
Cu Bt]fn anXpw Atbw \ncYfmWv. Ah
FSpp-bnv adp]Sn \evInsmv kZky-cpsS kabw ]mgm
phm Rms\mcnepw CjvSs-Spambncpn, Fm, Bt-
]--fpsS Nne amXrII ChnsS FSpp-bnXn F\nsm

kXy- kmyw
cptiyapv. AXmbXv, Ihy kzbw \nhlnphmt\m
aphsc \nhlnphm A\phZnphmt\m Hcpanm P\
Fcw IpX{fpw HgnIgnhpIfpw Bt-]-fpw kwi-
bfpamWv sXcp ]nSnpsImphcpIsbpw, Amlphns
amK-n\nv kzbw ]nncnbphm\pw ap-hsc ]nncnnp
hm\pw Fsms {ia-fmW-h \SpIsbpw CXn\nv
\nv {KlnmhpXmWv. hgpw hmWhpw XhnX
fpw hmZ{]-XnhmZfpw R-fpsS amK-a. R-fpsS hnjbw
t\p- t\sc {Kln- p- hm Bsc- nepw B{K- ln- p- p- sh- n
Ahsc {Klnnm GXhkcnepw R Xmdpv; R
fpsS A_- \ymb-amb amtKW Rsf {Klnnphm
hhcpw B{K-lnppshn AXv {Klnphm\pw R-sfmcp
amWv. Fm, kzbw sInnW-bpIbpw ap-hsc sInn
W-bvpIbpw am{XamWv HcmfpsS ey-san A-s\bp-h
cpambn CSs]-Sphm R-sfmpw CjvSs-SpIbn. Xs tPmen
Xm\ptinp Imetmfw \Snsmpt]mIphm Abm-
v kzmX{y-apv.
ooo