Khp cn I Khi nim -khp cn hc : L mt mn khoa hc v cc mi lin h gia cc thnh phn ca h thng nhai (thn kinh: v no, khp

cn thi dng hm;c:c nhai, nng hm, h hm;rng:tuyn nc bt, mang tai,di li,di hm,li).Khng phi l mn hc v hnh thi m ni v s tip xc gia mt nhai cc rng gia hai hm. - S tip xc gia cc rng ca hai hm bt k t th no gi l s n khp hay gi l s tip xc. -S tip xc v tr c bit(s lng mi ti a):bnh thng n m t mi lin h khp rng gia hai hm khp cn trung tm gi l khp cn. Nh vy khp cn dng m t mt trng thi tnh, mt mi lin quan gia rng vi rng mt vj tr. -Cn khp; bao hm mt ngha rng hn, m t mt trng thi ng ca cc rng gia hai hm v mi quan h qua li gia cc thnh phn ca h thng nhai, c biu hin ba trang thi: +Rng v nha chu +Hot ng ca khp thi dng hm +H thng c v thn kinh -Cc mi quan h +Cc quan h th hin chc nng bnh thng:nhai, mt, b.dn n quan h chc nng. +Quan h cn chc nng:Khi c s tip xc gia cc rng 2 hm(trc tip hoc gin tip ) c th lp li nhng khng phi thc hin chc nng. +Cc quan h bt thng:Cc quan h nghch l ca cc thnh phn ca h thng nhai(Lon chc nng):Hi chc Costen do thp tm cn hoc cao tm cn ;Hi chng lon nng :do cng gin. Dn n bnh nhn au,kh chu. V vy khp cn hc v cc th thut iu tr khp cn ngi ta coi l si ch xuyn sut qu trnh iu tr nha khoa. -Khp cn chia ra lm 3 nhm chnh: +Khp cn l tng (khp cn chnh):l mt loi khp cn c tng quan gia rng vi rng theo ng m t l thuyt, c quan h l thuyt v chc nng iu ha vi nhng cu trc khc ca h thng nhai. Trong thc hnh, khp cn l tng l iu mong mun ca cc thy thuc. +khp cn sinh l (khp cn chc nng):khng c mi lin h trc tip vi cc chc nng m vn c th thc hin c cc chc nng v ch c mt s t ngi c khp cn l tng m i a s c khp cn xu v mt phng tin no nhng vn c chc nng tt l kh nng thch ng cao nhng lch lc ca rng so vi hm rng l tng vn c th bnh thng , n nh, hi ha. Khp cn ca mt ngi c th lch lc so vi tiu chun nhng li c chc nng tt. +Khp cn bnh l; l nhng dng khp cn ri lon v hnh th ca c rng v hm, kh thc hin cc chc nng gi l khp cn khng sinh l, l cc loi khp cn m ch yu l chc nng n nhai b ri lon do s lch lc tng quan gia cc rng hm trn v hm di, do thc n khng c nghin nt mt cch y ,cc hot ng nhai kh khn, v sinh rng ming kh, l hin tng vu hm trn, hm di, khp cn su, khp cn h, cho.

-Hm rng;theo quan im chc nng ca h thng nhaicacs rng c sp xp mt cch cht ch theo mt trnh t nht nh v lin tc, cc mi quan h tng h gia hai hm rng to nn nhng khp cn sinh l m bo c chc nng n nhai. Khi mt hoc nhiu rng trong hm b mt, khng c phc hnh tr li th hm rng s b nh hng v mt chc nng dn n s thay i khc nhau v hnh thi v chc nng gy ri lon chc nng ca h thng nhai. -Khp cn thng bng:l dng khp cn c s tip xc ng thi c bn lm vic v c bn khng lm vic trong tt c cc vn ng sang bn,phi traisvaf ra trc. Ch :Lai khp cn ny thng s dng trong phc hnh rng tho lp hon ton. Tp hp tt c cc mt nhai ca hm rng to thnh mng dn n phng cn hay mt phng tnh.Ngc li cc mt ca rng ny thay i theo tng c th v hat ng t th ng gi l mt phng nhai. Khi rng t th ca khp cn hoc khp nhai u c mi quan h ph thuc vo cc im tip gip gia cc rng ,nu nh im tip gip gia cc rng b mt th rng b di lch ,lm bin dng hnh thi ca khp cn v nhai dn n ri lon s lch lc ca rng v ri lon tip xc gia chng.