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Legend of Fire Extinguisher

..1905

(Fire Extinguisher)

(

)

(Hose) (Nozzle)




2 (Stored
Pressure) (Cartridge)

/


(
)

2
(Portable)
1-30 (0.5-14 .)


50 (23 .)

..1723 (Ambrose
Godfrey)

..1729

(Captain George
William Manby) ..1818
3 (13.6 )

(Potassium carbonate)
(Soda-acid)
1866
(Francois Carlier)

(Tartaric)


1881 . (Edmund
M. Granger)

..1905

(Cartridge)
(Read & Campbell)
1881


(Petrolex)

(Chemical
Foam) ..1905
(Alexander Laurant)

(Naphtha)

()

13% 1.5 (1.65 )

13%

..1912 (Pyrene)

(CTC)
(Hand pump)
1 (1.1 ) 1
(0.6 ) 2
(9 )

CTC (Fume)

80
60
.. 1940
(CBM)

CTC
1969 .. 1920





..1960 (

)


(Walter Kidde) ..1924
(Bell

()

CTC

Telephone)

7




..1928 DuGas (
Ansul)
(Cartridge-operated)

..1950



..1960
- (Super-K)
- (Purple-K)

.. 1970
1211 (Halon 1211)

40 50
1301
1954 1211
1301

Parts of Stored Pressure Extinguisher

1211

()

7
1. (Water)

2. (Foam)

( ..1997 )
3.
(Dry chemical)

4.
(Carbon dioxide)
()
5.
(Vaporising liquid-not

Cartridge Extinguishers
for Dry Chemical, Powder,
Water, Foam and Wet Chemical

halon)
1997


6.
(Wet chemical)
( 1997
)

6

(Class A) :
(Organic solids)

(Class B) :
(Flammable liquids)
(Liquifiable solids)
(Class C) :
(Flammable gases)
(Class D) :
(Metals)
(Class E) :
(Electrical equipment)
(Class F) :
(Cooking
fat and oil)

Parts of Cartridge Extinguisher

()
BS EN 3

( RAL 300)

5-10%
1997

BS EN 3

35 (KV)
EN 3-7: 2004

()

35 KV

Types of Fire
CLass A

( 1997 )
5.
(Wet chemical) (
)

CLass B

CLass C

CLass D

CLass K

BS EN 3
1. (Water)
1997

2. (Foam)

( 1997
)
3. (Dry
powder) ()

( 1997 )
4.
(Carbon dioxide)
()

6.
(Class D power)

( 1997 )
7. (Halon gas)


( 1997 )

(Silver)
(Mist)

NFPA 10: Standard for Portable

Extinguishers, 2007
(Class A Fire)
: ,
:

(Class B Fire)
: ,
:

(Class C Fire)
: ,
:

(Class D Fire)
: ()
, :

(Class K Fire)
: ,
:

UL (Underwriters Laboratories)

 UL/ANSI
711: Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers


1-A : 10-B : C
A 1.25
() Fire
Rating 1A
1.25
B ()
10 B

10 C

C

NFPA 10
(
)
1

(Fire Rating)


20 (9.1 ..)
5 (2.3 ..)
NFPA 10

(Fast Flow Extinguisher)



(Pressurized Flammable Liquids)
(Pressurized Flammable Gas)

(
)
NFPA 5.5.1.1

Fire Rating
1A : 10BC

(Dry Chemicals)

(
)

(Ammonium
phosphate)
(Tri-Class)
(Multipurpose)
(ABC)
177 (350
)

(Sodium
bicarbonate)



()
(Wet Chemical)

(Purple K)

(Potassium
bicarbonate)
Purple K

NFPA

ARFF

Potassium chloride powder

(Potassium bicarbonate & Urea
Complex)
(Monnex)

(Potassium
Chloride) - (Super-K)


.. 1960 ( )




(FoamCompatible) ()

(
ANSUL )

Potassium bicarbonate
Extinguisher

Super-K Extinguisher

AFFF
MET-L-KYL


(Pyrophoric Liquid)

()
/
(Foam)

Aspirated

Non-Aspirated

AFFF Foam

(Flashback)

AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming
Foam)

(Fluoro Tensides)



AR-AFFF (Alcohol-resistant
Aqueous Film Forming Foam)

FFFP (Film Forming Fluoroprotein)
(Synthetic
Film-Forming)



(CAFS: Compressed Air Foam System)
(APW : Air Pressurized Water)



(Class A Foam)

Water (APW)

Wet Chemical

Halotron

Arctic Fire




(Water)

(APW
: Air Pressurized Water)


APW
2.5 (9 )
(Mild
Steel)
1.75-2.5 (6-9 )

(Water Mist)

(Deionized Water)


1.75 (6 )
2.5 (9 )

(Wet Chemical and Water Additives)

(Potassium
acetate, carbonate or citrate)

(

)

(Wetting Agent)



(Antifreeze)

(Clean Agents and Carbon Dioxide)

( )

(, -36)
( )

(Halon 1211 & Halon
1301)
B:C 9
(2.3 .) A:B:C
9-17 (4.1- 7.7 ..)

400


1 1994

1994 1211
1301

I, II, -36,
-200



(Fire Rating) 20
(7.7 ..) 10B:C

MET-L-X
Fire Extinguisher for Lithium & Lithium-alloy Fires

Metal Fire

(Class D Extinguisher agent)

(Sodium Chloride
: Super-D, Met-L-X or METAL.FIRE.XTNGSHR)

(Heat
Sink)

(Alkali Metals)


(Copper based : Copper
Powder Navy125S)
1970
-


(Copper-Lithium Alloy)

(Graphite based : G-Plus,
G-1, Lith-X, Pyromet or METAL.FIRE.XTNGSHR)
(
)

(Copper)

(Sodium
carbonate based: Na-X)

(Some water based suppressants)

Fire Blockade FireAde

(Fire Extinguishing Ball)

(Active Suppression)

(Passive Suppression)

(ABC)

(
5 )



..1800

Red Comet
()

(
)



(Hydrostatic Pressure Testing) 5

12
NFPA IFC
30


NFPA

(Maintenance)

(IFC: International Fire Code)
30

(Wired) (Wireless)
(UK)
3
(Basic Service)


(
)
(Cartridge)

Hydrotest

Discharge Test

Yearly Service Tag

(Extended Service)

5
(Discharge
Test)

(%)
1.38
(MPa) 200 /
(psi)

(Overhaul)

10
(Hydraulic Pressure Testing)



( )

(Fire Rating)

(US)
3
(Maintenance
Inspection)

(

)

Fluffing

( )
Hydrotest

(
)
(Fluffing)

(Yearly Service Tag)

(Internal
Maintenance)
3
5
6

1.

2.

3.

Verification of Service

Water to Chamber

High Pressure
Water to Cylinder

Burette

Hydrostatic Testing Diagram

Hydrostatic Testing Pump

4.
5.

(Verification of Service)

(


)
6.

(Hydrostatic Testing)

5
12

5



1.

2.

(Visual Test)
3.

(
)
4.
Hydrostatic Testing
Pump ()



5.

6.

7. [

(Rebuild)

]

(OEM : Original Equipment
Manufacturer)
(UL Rating)

Hydrostatic Testing Machine

:
25-35





(Vandalism)

Fire Extinguisher Cabinet

(Fire
Extinguisher Sign)

References

The United States Patent and Trademark

Office,
Volume
192 - September 15, 1881

Staffordshire Past Track - Petrolex half
(Fire Blanket)
(Hose) gallon fire extinguisher. Retrieved 2009-05-25.
U.S. Patent 1,010,870, filed April 5, 1910.

U.S. Patent 1,105,263, filed Jan 7, 1911.
(First-aid Kit) (Emergency
Pyrene Fire Extinguishers. Vintage Fire
Eye Wash)
Extinguishers. http://www.vintagefe.com/pyrene.html.
(Photo- Retrieved 23 December 2009.
luminescent Fire Extinguisher Sign)
Carbon Tetrachloride Health and Safety
Guide". IPCS International Programme on Chemical
(Photo-luminescent phosphor) Safety. Retrieved 25 December 2009.

Halon Disposal. Ozone Protection. Aus tralian Government Department of the Environment
and Heritage (Australia). Retrieved 2006-12-12.

a b c. The Fire Safety Advice Centre

Wasserfilmbildendes Schaummittel Extensid AFFF

Fireade 2000 Applications. Retrieved

2009-11-10.
(Reflective Sign)
Fire Blockade Pro - Industrial Products

Chuck a ball to put out fire, Earth Times,
( 14 September 2007,
)
firegrenade.com
CAIS16 - Safety signs in the catering

industry

Transport for London

NFPA 10 : Standard for Portable Fire

Extinguisher, 2007 edition.

The Standard BS EN 3, UK.