Phn 1: Gii thiu v

ngha c bn ca tng
mu sc gia nhng
nhng nn vn ho,
cch s dng c bn

Phn 2: Nhng khi

nim c bn v mu
sc, cng nh nn
tng cn bn nht
ca ngi thit k.

Quyn sch ny c bin son bi Looneyes Education.

https://www.facebook.com/LOONEYESEducation
Khi dng quyn sch ny, bn nn c gng ghi nh nhng
thut ng ting anh, v khng nn c gng hiu n ngha
ting vit. Vic c gng hiu n ngha ting vit rt c th
khin bn kh hc hi, k c trong quyn sch ny ln tm ti
trn mng hay nhng trang web nc ngoi.

Phn 3: Nhng cch

phi mu t xa n
nay v c trng ca
chng

Phn 4: Mt s tips
gip bn phi mu
hiu qu, nhanh
chng to phong
cch mu sc ring.
Trang 1

Phn 1.
ngha ca mu sc.
Mu sc trong thit k rt a dng, thin v s tng tng
v sng to. N c th nh hng n ngi ny kha cnh
khc v cng c th nh hng n ngi i din mt kha
cnh hon ton ngc li. i khi nh hng ca mu sc
cng l do s thch c nhn v do nn vn ho.

I.

Mu nng (WARM COLORS).

Mu nng bao gm , CAM v VNG, v cc bin th

ca chng. y l nhng mu ca la, ca l ma thu, ca
hong hn, ca bnh minh v thng thng, chng l mu
ca s mnh m, mnh lit, s am m v tch cc.

L thuyt v mu sc chnh l mt mn khoa hc tru

tng. Khi hc v mu sc, s nh hng ca n c th nh
hng chnh s nghip ca designer . Mt vi iu n gin
nh thay i chnh xc ca mu hay bo ho ca mt
mu cng c th hon ton gi ln nhng cm xc khc nhau
cho ngi nhn.
, VNG u l nhng mu nguyn thu v mu CAM
l mu c pha trn gia hai mu ny. Tc l nhng mu
nng u c to ra bi nhng mu nng, m khng phi l
s kt hp ca mt mu nng v mt mu lnh. S dng mu
nng trong thit k s gip bn th hin s am m, hnh
phc, nhit tnh v trn y nng lng.
1.
Mu (RED PRIMARY COLOR):
Mu l 1 mu cc k nng. N khin ta lin tng n
mu, la, bo lc hay chin tranh v n cng khin ta lin
tng n tnh yu cng vi s am m chy bng. Mu
thc s c tc ng vt l ln con ngi, tng p lc mu v
tng cng h hp. N cng gp phn tng s trao i
cht trong c th con ngi.

y l phn u
tin trong seri v
mu sc. Trong
phn ny, chng
ta s tho lun
v ngha n
sau nhng chng
loi mu sc khc
nhau v a ra
v d v cch cc
mu sc c s
dng trong thit k.
Trang 2

Trang 3

Mu cn gn lin vi s tc gin, nhng n cng lm ta

nh n tm quan trng (nh l thm ti gii trao thng
hay s kin no ). Mu cng th hin s nguy him (n
giao thng hay bng cm u l ).

Mu xm
khin cn phng
ny c s tinh
t, chuyn nghip v mnh
m hn => Thch
hp dng cho
v chng (sp ly
hn nn dng
cn phng ny)

trn ton th
gii, mu
c nhng s
lin tng khc
nhau tu cc vng min. V d: Trung Quc, Mu th
hin s thnh vng, sung tc v hnh phc, may mn (in
hnh l trong phim Cao Lng ),... Vit Nam, Mu
mang tng trng ca m ci, l vu quy,... Ti Nam Phi,
mu li l mu ca tang tc, mu ca ni bun,... Ngoi
ra, mu cn l biu tng cho ch ngha cng sn.

Mu xm
kt hp vi mu
trng, nu xm
khin
website
thanh lch v
chuyn nghip
hn.

Trong thit k, mu c th c s dng l mt mu

nhn mnh s mnh m trong nhng ng nt. N cn
c th l mt hiu ng chong ngp c s dng rt nhiu
trong thit k, c bit l trong th nguyn thu (Primary red).
N l mt mu tuyt vi khi c s dng th hin s am
m, sc mnh trong thit k ha. Mu cng rt l linh
hot vi nhng tng mu sng mu khin cho ngi xem
c cm gic mnh lit, linh ng hn v vi tng mu ti
s khin bn cm thy mnh m, hng mnh m vn th hin
c s thanh lch vn c ca mnh
Trang 4

Trang 5

2.

Mu cam (ORANGE SECONDARY COLOR):

Mu cam l mu ca nng lng v tnh si ni, nng
ng. hnh thc trung lp, mu cam th hin ca t v
ma thu. V n cn khin chng ta lin tng n s thay i
ca ma, nn tng quan n cn th hin s chuyn ng, vn
ng.

Mu cam y c
nhiu tc ng ca
chuyn ng th gic v
mang n s ch ku
gi hnh ng.

3.
Mu cam cn th hin sc sng, sc kho v cng khin
ngi ta lin tng n tri cam.
Trong thit k, mu cam c dng gy ch , nhng
khng nh mu , n thn thin, li cun, hp dn hn v
khng ng t, cp bch nh mu .

Mu cam c s
dng y th hin 1
cm gic thn thin v
hp dn.

Trang 6

Mu vng (YELLOW PRIMARY COLOR):

Mu vng thng c xem nh l mu sng nht v
kch thch th gic nht ca nhng mu nng. N thng lin
tng n s hnh phc v nh nng mt tri, s ti sng,
s vui ti. Mu vng cn lin tng n s gian t, s la
o, mu gian v tnh nht nht, hn h

Mu vng cn khin ta ngh n s hi vng, v tc gin

(nhng khng mnh bng mu ).
Ti nhiu nc, mu vng cn c rt nhiu ngha khc.
Ti Ai Cp, mu vng dnh cho s tang tc, au bun.
Trang 7

Ti Nht Bn, mu vng i din cho s dng cm. Ti n

, n l mt mu ca kinh t, s bun bn.
Trong thit k, mu vng sng thng cho ta cm gic
hnh phc v s vui v, hoan h. Nhng mu vng mm hn
thng c s dng nh mt mu trung tnh cho tr s
sinh, tr em v thanh thiu nin.
Mu vng nht cng cho cm gic bnh yn ca hnh phc
hn l mu vng sng. Cn mu vng xm mu c th nhn
nhn nhng ci g c xa, trng tn, mang tnh vnh cu.

II.

Mu vng sng u
trang v nhng hnh nh
vng sng xuyn xut c
website cho chng ta s
tch cc, chc chn v
trn y nng lng.

Mu vng trn hnh

ny to ra s ti
mi, nng ng. Khi
kt hp vi mu xanh
l, b cc li to nn
s yn tnh nhng
vn c phn ti vui.
Trang 8

Mu vng sng ca
hoa hng dng nhc
nh nhng ngi xem,
tp trung th gic ca
h vo . Kt hp vi
nn c mu vng, to
cm gic thn thin nh
ang nh.
Mu lnh (COOL COLORS)

Mu lnh bao gm mu xanh l (green), xanh dng (blue)

v mu tm m ( ta - purple) v thng du hn so vi
mu nng. Chng l mu sc ca mn m, ca nc, ca
thin nhin v thng c khuynh hng trm tnh, yn lng,
tot ln v kn o, d dt. Khi ngm cc mu lnh, chng ta
c cm gic c th gin hn, em li s bnh yn cho tm
hn.
Trang 9

Mu xanh dng (blue) l mu nguyn thu (primary color) duy nht trong quang ph ca mu lnh. Ngha l: nhng
mu khc c to ra bi mu xanh dng kt hp vi 1 mu
m khc (xanh l = xanh dng + vng; tm = xanh dng +
).
S dng mu lnh trong thit k ca bn s gip tc phm
c cm gic yn bnh v chuyn nghip hn.
1.
Mu xanh l (GREEN SECONDARY COLOR):

Xanh l l mt mu rt thc t, n c mt khp mi ni

trong thin nhin, trong cuc sng xung quanh chng ta.
N th hin cho s bt u mi v s pht trin ca cuc
sng. Xanh l cng biu th s hi phc, s ti sinh v s
phong ph, di do. Trn thc t, xanh l cng th hin s
thm mun, ghen t, k v mt cht g khng chc
chn.
Trong thit k, xanh l c tc dng lm cn bng v ho
hp, gp phn n nh. N thch hp cho nhng thit k lin
quan n sc kho, s bn vng, s i mi, thin nhin.
Mu xanh l sng khin ta lin tng n s rung ng,
si ni, mnh m, y sinh lc. Trong khi mu xanh l olive
Trang 10

li c khuynh hng th hin th gii thin nhin. Cn mu

xanh l m li th hin s vng vng v s phong ph.
Mu xanh l
trong cn phng
mang li cm gic
rt thc t v t
nhin. Khi nhn vo
cn phng ny cng
th hin phn
no c tnh ca
ch nh, l ngi yu thin nhin v thch s phng thong,
thch t do.

Mu xanh sng em li
s ti mi, trn y nng
lng tch cc.

2.

Mu xanh dng (BLUE PRIMARY COLOR):

Mu xanh dng thng c lin tng n ni bun
trong ting Anh. Xanh dng cn c s dng mt cch
rng ri th hin s yn tnh, im tnh v tnh trch nhim.
Trang 11

Xanh dng nht li khin ta lin tng n s thn thin

v ti mi, khoan khoi. Mu xanh dng m mu th
hin s mnh m v ng tin cy. Xanh dng l mu tng
trng ca ho bnh, c ngha tn gio v tinh thn vi nhiu
nn vn ho.

Mu xanh m cho ta
cm gic chuyn nghip,
c bit l khi kt hp vi
nn trng v mu xanh
c nhn mnh lm
tng thm s quan tm,
ch .

ngha ca mu xanh dng b nh hng bi s chnh

xc v tng mu v sc thi. Trong thit k, chnh xc ca
cc sc thi m bn chn s c tc ng rt ln v nhn thc.
Mu xanh nht thng th hin cho s th gin, m du v
yn bnh. Mu xanh sng trn y nng lng v ti mi.
Mu xanh m th hin sc mnh hay s ng tin cy.

Mu xanh nht cho

ta cm gic th gin,
yn bnh. V b cc
cn phng cng cho ta
khng t cm gic ti
mi, y nng lng.
Trang 12

Mu xanh sng,
xanh da tri cho chng
ta cm gic tr trung v
vui v, kt hp vi mu
nhn mnh.

3.

Mu tm (PURPLE SECONDARY COLOR):

ta (tm) c kt hp bi hai mu l v xanh dng

v th ta c c c tnh ca c mu trn. Khi nhc n,
n thng c lin tng n s sng to v tr tng tng.
Trang 13

Ti Thi Lan, ta l mu ca ni bun, tang tc ca go

ph.
Mu tm sng to
cho ta ci nhn phong
ph tm mt, to s
sng to v cht g
lng mn.
Mu ta m mu l mu truyn thng, khin ta lin
tng n s thnh vng, giu c v s trung thnh, trong
khi mu ta nht (nh l oi hng) c coi l mu ca
s lng mn.
Trong thit k, mu ta xm cho ta cm gic ca s thnh
vng, giu c v xa x, ta nht khin ta lin tng n
ma xun v s lng mn.

Mu tm m
c nhn mnh
trong website ny to
cm gic sang trng
v qu phi, tinh t.

Trang 14

III. Mu trung lp (NEUTRALS):

Nhng mu trung lp c v nh nn tng trong thit
k. Chng thng c kt hp vi nhng mu sng, dng
nhn mnh tng ca ngi thit k. Nu bit cch s
dng nhng mu trung lp cho bn thit k ca ring mnh,
bn cng c th to ra nhng b cc hon ho, thm ch rt
ngha v n tng m nhng mu trung lp em li. S nh
hng ca mu trung lp i vi thit k c khi cn mnh
hn mu nng v mu lanh.
1.
Mu en (Black):
Mu en l mu mnh nht trong cc mu trung lp. V
mt tch cc, n thng c lin tng n sc mnh, s
tinh t v s trang trng. V mt tiu, n thng c i km
vi c qu, ci cht v s huyn b. en l mu truyn thng,
biu tng ca tang tc, Halloween trong vn ho phng
Ty.
Trang 15

2.

en thng c dng trong nhng thit k sc cnh,

nhng thit k thng rt tinh t, tao nh. N cng c th th
hin s bo th hoc hin i, truyn thng hay c o da
vo nhng mu m n kt hp. Trong thit k, en cng c
s dng truyn cho ngi ta cm gic tinh vi, tinh xo v
huyn b.

Mu trng (WHITE):
Trng l mu i lp vi en trong vch quang ph mu
sc, nhng ging nh en, n c th kt hp 1 cch hon ho
vi bt c mu no trong bng mu. Mu trng c lin kt
vi s trong tro, tinh khit, nguyn cht, sch s. Trong vn
ho phng Ty, Trng thng l mu dnh cho c du trong
ngy ci. Nhng ngy nay, c nhng nc phng ng
cng b nh hng bi nt vn ho ny.

Trng cn c khin chng ta lin tng ti bc s, y t,

nha s Cng nh s tt bng, thin thn thnh thin thng
c miu t bng mu trng.

en kt hp vi mu xanh ca bng, xanh ca da tri cho

ci nhn, cm gic lnh lo, thong mt v ngoi ra n cng
gp phn tng chiu su cho bc nh.
Trang 16

Trong thit k, Trng thng c xem chung nh l mt

tm background m lm cho cc mu khc c nhn mnh
hn, c nhiu ting ni hn. V nhng ngi thch dng mu
trng thng l nhng ngi sch s, thch s n gin, ti
gin trong thit k.
Trang 17

Tng trng thng rt l ph bin trong nhng thit k

ti gin, to nn
s tng phn vi
mu en. Mt khi 2
mu ny kt hp th
thc s em li cho
ngi xem mt cm
gic chuyn nghip.

Trng kt hp vi xm to cm gic mm mi, sch s trong

thit k.
Trang 18

3.

Xm (GRAY):

Xm nhiu khi c th hin s tm trng hoc tht vng.

Mu xm nht c dng nh mu Trng trong nhiu thit
k. Mu xm ti mu c th dng nh mu en.
Xm thng b coi l mu ca tnh d dt, bo th, hnh
thc. Nhng ngy nay, Xm cng th hin cho s hin i nu
bit cch dng mu sc phi cng vi no. Mu cng l mu
th hin s quy cch, tnh cht chuyn nghip. Trong thit k,
mu background l xm v ch mu xm cng rt ph bin.
Cch b tr
cn phng cng
thm vic s
dng mu xm
bn cnh mu
tans (beige) y
em li s nhm
chn, bo th. S
nhm chn, bo
th c gim bt bng khng gian rng ln.
Trang 19

Mu background
xm m v mu
ch xm nht to ra
s chuyn nghip,
hin i r rt trong
thit k.

Trong thit k, Nu thng c dng nh l mt mu

background. N thng c thy trong cht liu g v thnh
thong trong nhng cht liu . N gip to cm gic m p
v s kho mnh, tnh cht lnh, hin hu trong thit k. Nu
ti mu cng thng c dng nh mt mu thay th mu
en c trong ch vit (Typography) hoc background.

Mu nu v khng
gian ny mang n
cho ta cm gic ng
tin cy v gn gi, m
cng.

4.

Nu (BROWN):
Mu nu thng c lin tng n t, g v . N
hon ton l mt mu t nhin v c khuynh hng mu m
trong nhng mu trung tnh.

Khi dng mu nu, ngi ta lin tng n s chc chn,

tin cy v c cm gic thn thin v c cm gic ca t m.
Bn cnh , mu nu cng c th hin thi cc khc, l s
chm hiu, n n.
Trang 20

Mu nu m
mu c dng lm
background cm gic
nh mt nn t to
nn s vng chc,
n nh cho c tng
th website v khin
cho nhng mu sng
trong thit k ny ni
bt hn.
Trang 21

5.

Mu BEIGE (TAN - mu da):

Mu BEIGE (TAN) l: mt mu rt c bit trong di quang
ph mu, n c th l tng lnh hoc tng nng ph thuc vo
nhng mu sc bao quanh n.

Mu BEIGE trong thit k thng c dng trong backgrounds v thng thy n trong backgrounds vi nhng
cht liu bng giy. Beige s ly mt cht c tnh ca mi
mu bn cnh n trung ho n tng cui cng ca ngi
xem thit k.

Mu background
TAN hi vng
to cm cc m
p hn bi mu
cam v nu nhn
mnh xuyn xut
website.

Trang 22

6.

CREAM v IVORY (mu sa v mu ng voi):

L hai mu rt tinh t, vi s kt hp m p ca mu Nu
v nhiu hn na l sc thi trng, lnh ca mu Trng. Chng
kh l nh nhng, im ng v thng gi cm gic v lch s.
Mu ng voi l mt mu trm tnh, yn bnh, vi s tinh khit
ca mu Trng v mt cht m nng.

Trong thit k, mu ng voi c th to ra cm gic thanh

nh, tinh t v yn bnh cho mt thit k. Khi kt hp vi
nhng mu h t nh Nu, n c th c tnh cht ca t.
N cng c th dng lm nh bt i nhng mu m m
khng c nhiu tng phn nh khi s dng Trng.
Mu ng voi kt hp
vi nhng mu nht
v tng mu linh ng
khc lm bn thit k
tao nh hn v tng th
th to ng cht mt
thit k v bn n
hn.
Trang 23

IV. Tm tt:
: am m, tnh yu, tc gin
Cam: Nng lng, hnh phc, ti mi
Vng: Hnh phc, hi vng, mnh kho, la o, vng
Xnh l: Khi u mi, t nhin, thin nhin, s phong ph,
dt do
Xanh dng: Yn tnh, yn bnh, trch nhim, uy tn, bun
Tm: Sng to, trung thnh, giu c, thnh vng, hong
tc
en: Huyn b, tinh t, thanh lch, c qu
Xm: Tm trng, bo th, d dt, khun mu, hnh thc,
hin i
Trng: Trong sng, tinh khit, sch s
Nu: T nhin, vng vng, ng tin cy, lnh tnh
Tan v Beige: Bo th, d dt, ngu ngc, trung thnh
Mu sa v mu ng voi: Yn tnh, thanh lch, t nh, trong
sng, tinh khit

Phn 2. Hiu cc khi nim v thut ng ca mu sc.

Nu bn mun s dng mu sc mt cch hiu qu th
bn phi bit v cc khi nim c bn v ngha ca chng.
Nhng khi nim nh: Chroma, Value hay Saturation chnh
l cha kho to ra bng mu ring ca chnh bn.
I.
Hue (Tng mu):

Hue l khi nim n gin

nht v mu sc. Khi ta ni mu
, hay Vng, hay en th
chng ta ang ni v Hue.

II.

Saturation

Saturation l
bo ho ca
mu.

Trang 24

Trang 25

III.

Value:

Tones c to ra khi cng mu xm vo mt mu khc.

Thng c ngha lm gim bt sng, lo vi nhng mu
c sng cao, gip c ci nhn d dng hn.
Tones

Value cn c gi l sng, gi tr mu. N m ch n

sng hoc ti ca mt mu. Mu sng th c Value cao. V d:
Mu cam c Value cao hn l mu xanh nc bin v mu
tm m. Mu en c Value thp nht trong tt c cc mu, v
mu trng l cao nht.
IV.

Shades c to ra khi thm mu en vo mt mu khc,

lm cho mu ti hn. Nhiu khi ta c th dng shades thay
th cho en v c th dng nh mt mu trung lp.
Shades
Tints c to ra khi thm mu trng vo mt mu khc,
lm n sng hn v cng lm n nht hn.

Shades, Tints v Tones:

Tints
V. Tm tt:
Hue: Mu sc, v nh: , Cam, Vng, Lc, Lam, Chm, Tm.
Saturation: bo ho ca mu sc, m ch n mu sc
mnh hay yu, dy hay tha.
Value: sng ti ca mu.
Tones: c to ra bi thm sc xm vo mu, lm n bt
lo hn nguyn bn.
Shades: c to ra bi thm sc en vo mu, lm n ti
mu hn nguyn bn.
Trang 26

Trang 27

Tints: c to ra bi thm sc trng vo mu, lm n nht

hn, sng hn nguyn bn.
***Lu *** : Cc khi nim trn rt quan trng, nu khng
hiu th nn xem li, khng nn c tip phn sau.
Phn 3. Cc cch dng mu truyn thng
Trong phn ny, chng ta s bn v phng php to
ra bng mu, bn s c nhng cng c v k nng bt u
to bng mu ca bn. V quan trng, cch tt nht pht
trin nhng k nng mu sc ca bn l thc hnh, bn phi
thc hnh nhiu ngy, nhiu gi ch khng phi ch sau khi
c xong ebook ny l bn c th tr thnh chuyn gia v mu
sc.
I. Monochromatic:
Monochromatic l cch trn mu bng Tones, Shades v
Tints trong mt mu (hue) c th. N l cch trn mu n
gin nht trong thit k

Trang 28

II. Analogous:
Analogous l cch trn mu n gin th hai, sau Monochromatic. Analogous c to ra bi ba mu lin tip nhau
trong vng quay mu.
Cc mu trong Analogous
c cng cng mu v
chng ch khc nhau cch
dng Tints, Shades hoc
Tones. Chng c to ra
bng cch cng thm, hoc
gim i Tints, Shades hoc
Tones.

Trang 29

III. Complementary:

IV. Split complementary:

Complementary c to ra bi s kt hp gia nhng

mu i lp nhau vng xoay mu. dng cn bn nht,
Complementary ch bao gm hai mu, nhng c th m rng
s la chn mu bng cch dng nhiu Tints, Shades v Tones
khc nhau.

Split complementary c dng kh nhiu v dng cng

d nh Complementary. Cch s dng l thay v bn chn
mu i din, bn s chn hai mu k bn n.

Beige - Xanh

Vng - Tm

tXanh l - Cam
Trang 30

Trang 31

V. Triadic

VI. Rectangle (Double-Complementary hoc Tetradic):

Rectangle c l l cch phi mu kh nht so vi nhng
cch khc

Triadic c
to ra bi cc
mu phn b u,
xung quanh vng
xoay mu. C th
l vng xoay mu
phn ra ba gc
cho mi mt mu.

Dng mt mu sng cng vi hai mu tnh lng hn, lm

cho mu sng ni bt hn.

S dng mu nht hoc m ln mt trong ba mu

trung ho bng mu v kt hp cng vi hai mu khc c
Tints/Shades/Tones khc nhau
Trang 32

Cch tt nht dng cch phi ny l dng mt mu

thuc loi primary (Red, Yellow, Blue) lm mu chnh, cc
mu cn li ch lm nn nhn mnh mu chnh.

Trang 33

VII. Square

phng php truyn thng (Phn III) vo thit k.

To ra bng mu ring ca bn - nghe c v d, nhng
thc s khng th trong mt thi gian ngn m c th hnh
thnh phong cch dng mu ca mi ngi c. Cng vic
ca bn l phi thc hnh tht nhiu, thc hnh bt c u,
t trang tr nh ca, phng hc, trong mu thit k ca mnh,
hay trong thi trang. Thi gian hnh phong cch ring ny
t nht cng phi mt ba thng thm ch l lu hn mi c.
Bi v phong cch dng mu ca mi ngi cn phi da
theo tnh cch v s thch c nhn ca ngi na. Khi bn
c phong cch ring, lc bn s khng cn phi nh
bt k quy tc hay khi nim no na, ch vic lm theo cm
hng, cm gic mu sc ca mnh, m vn to ra c nhng
sn phm tuyt vi.

c s dng ging Rectangle.

Phn 4. To ra bng mu ring ca bn.
hiu mu sc ni ln iu g, thc s khng phi l
iu d dng. Nhng n cng khng qu phc tp nh nhiu
ngi vn tng. Chng ta ch cn hiu ngha ca mu sc
l c (Phn I).
p dng c mu sc trong thit k hay trong thi
trang, ni tht, hi ho trc tin, chng ta phi nm vng
nhng khi nim c bn ca mu sc (Phn II + Thuc lng
vng quay mu). Sau bn hon ton c th p dng cc
Trang 34

Sau y l 1 vi tips cho bn:

Tips 1: Nh bn c th thy, t nhng cch phi mu
trn, vic s dng Tints, Tones v Shades trong bng mu l
rt quan trng. Mt mu nguyn th (pure hue) lun i cng
values v saturation. iu ny khin bng mu lun c hai
mt ca n: lc to c s n tng, nhng i lc chng ta
li cm thy n nhm chn.
Khi bn trn Tones, Shades v Tints, bn s m rng vng
xoay mu, khng ch cn 12 mu na, m l v hn mu trong
thit k.
Trang 35

Mt trong nhng cch n gin nht to mt bng mu

theo phong cch ring ca bn l ly mt vi Tints, Shades
v Tones ca mt mu nht nh (trnh ly mu nguyn th
- pure hue) v thm vo vi mt mu nguyn th khc (hoc
mu gn nguyn th) m cch n t nht ba khung mu trong
vng xoay mu (c th p dng tetradic, triatic hoc split-complementary) nh mt mu nhn mnh. iu ny em li ci
nhn rt th v cho bng mu ca bn trong khi vn gi c
nguyn tc Balance trong thit k.
Tips 2: Cng thm mt vi mu trung tnh:
Mu trung tnh l mt phn rt quan trng trong vic to
bng mu. Mu nu, mu xm, mu en, mu da, mu trng...
Mu nu, mu da ngi thng c khuynh hng lm mu
sc cm gic m hn (n thc cht ch l Tints, Shades, Tones
ca mu cam v mu vng). Mu xm s to cm gic nng
hay lnh cn ph thuc nhng mu sc xung quanh. Mu
en v trng cng ging mu xm, c th to cm gic nng
hay lnh cn thuc vo nhng mu ng cnh.
Mu en v mu trng l mu trung tnh d s dng nht
trong cc mu, chng c th i cng bt k mu no. Nu bn
khng mun dng mu en v trng, m vn mun gy n
tng vi nhng bn thit k ca mnh th hy s dng mu
xm tht m thay cho mu en v mu xm cc nht
thay cho trng.
S dng mu nu v mu da ngi rt phc tp, nhng
Trang 36

vi mt vi bi thc hnh, bn s thy vic kt hp cc mu

sc li vi nhau n gin hn nhiu. V d: mu nu c
xem l mu rt ti t trong nn mu en. Cn mu nht c
t trong nhng nn xm trng. Mu da ngi c dng
trong nhng thit k xm.
Tips 3:
Bng cch thm mt mu sng lm im nhn vo nhm
mu trung tnh l cch d nht to ra mt nhm mu. Cch
ny cng lm cho thit k ca bn ni bt v thu ht nh nhn
hn. Nu bn khng chc chn nhng k nng trong vic to
nhng nhm mu, hy th dng cch kt hp ny.

Bn c th thy cch m mu nu thay mu xm lm cho

ton b thit k tr nn m hn, thm ch l vi im nhn
mu xanh dng.
Bn cng c th s dng bt c mu sc no thay v dng
Trang 37

mu xm hoc nu trong nhm ny, ch nn nh l nn gi

nhng mu ny gn nm trong tone xm. Thng thng,
nhng mu xm lnh v mu xm trung tnh (ch c thnh
phn mu en) l gii php ti u nht cho thit k hin i.
i vi kiu thit k truyn thng, mu xm m v mu nu
thng c s dng hiu qu hn.
Tips 4: Hy s dng Adobe Kuler
Kt lun:
Cch tt nht c nhng nhm mu p l thc tp, to
nhng nhm mu m bn thy hng ngy. Bn c th dng
nhng cng c c sn trc, hoc m Photoshop v bt u
thc tp. Nu bn tm thy c th g p v ni bt
trong i sng hng ngy, hy dng chng vo trong thit k
ca bn. iu ny lm cho nhng nhm mu ny thc t hn
v d dng hn trong tng lai.
Phn k: B cc trong thit k - D kin 06/2016

Trang 38

Mc lc
Gii thiu
Phn 1:
ngha mu sc
Mu nng
Mu lnh
Mu trung tnh
Tm tt
Phn 2:
Hue
Saturation
Value
Tones, Tints, Shades
Phn 3: Cc cch phi mu truyn thng
Monochromatic
Analogous
Complementary
Split complementary
Triadic
Rectangle
Square
Phn 4: To bng mu ring ca chnh bn

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