BI TP CHNG 2

Bi tp trong SGK bi tp
10.1;10.2;10.3,10.4;10.5;10.18;10.23;10.24;10.30;10.32;10.33
1. Cc phn t M2 (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) tn ti trong iu kin no? Nu v gii thch
s bin i bn trong dy ?
b) Ti sao khi t nng cc kim loi kim v cc hp cht d bay hi ca chng trong
ngn la khng mu u to ra mu c trng?
4. T cc gi tr nhit thng hoa, nng lng ion ha, nhit hidrat ha, hy tnh ton c th
gii thch ti sao liti c th in cc m nht trong nhm?
5. Khi cho liti v natri tc dng vi nc, ngi ta thy rng natri phn ng mnh lit hn
nhiu so vi liti. iu ny c mu thun vi gi tr th in cc khng? Gii thch?
6. a) Nu cc qu trnh xy ra khi cho tinh th oxit kim loi kim M2O ho tan vo nc?
b) Trnh by phng php iu ch Li2O ; Na2O ; K2O?
7. a) Hon thnh s phn ng sau: Na

Na2O2

Na2O

Na2CO3

b) Vit cc ptp thu phn Na2O2 v cho bit ti sao phn ng li xy ra mt chiu,
mc d v bn cht l thun nghch?
8. a) Trong PTN, Na2O2 c th c s dng iu ch H2O2 bng cch cho tc dng vi
nc hoc vi axit sunfuric long. Cch no s cho hiu sut cao hn? Gii thch v vit
ptp.
b) Ngi ta thng s dng Na2O2 hoc hn hp Na2O2 + KO2 trong cc bnh ln lm
ngun cung cp oxi. Nu c s khoa hc ca phng php ?
9. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng:
a) Na2O2 + KI + H2SO4

b) Na2O2 + Fe(OH)2 + H2O

c) Na2O2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4

d) Na2O2 + Cl2 + H2O

10. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v ghi r iu kin (nu c) ca KOH ln lt vi:
a) Cc kim loi: Al, Zn, Sn
b) Cc phi kim: Si; P4; S; Cl2; Br2 ; I2
11. a) Nu c s ca phng php iu ch hidroxit kim loi kim bng phng php in
phn dung dch? C th dng loi mui no lm cht in phn?

b) Nu cc qu trnh xy ra khi iu ch NaOH bng phng php in phn dung dch

NaCl? Lm th no thu c NaOH tinh khit?
c) T NaCl (khng dng phng php in phn) c th iu ch c NaOH khng?
Nu c hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
12. Nu nhn xt chung v tan ca cc halogen kim loi kim ph thuc vo nhit ?
Ngi ta c th tch ly KCl t khong vt xinvinit (cha NaCl v KCl) bng phng
php kt tinh phn on, c s ca phng php l g?
15. a) Trnh by ni dung phng php Solvay iu ch Na2CO3 trong cng nghip? C s
khoa hc ca phng php?
b) C th p dng phng php Solvay iu ch K2CO3 c khng? Ti sao?
16. a) Cho 3 v d v tnh oxi ha ca KNO3 trong mi trng axit, baz.
b) Hon thnh cc ptp sau (cc cht trng thi nng chy):
Cr2O3 + KNO3 + KOH

MnSO4 + KNO3 + KOH

MnO2 + KNO3 + KOH

MnSO4 + KNO3 + K2CO3

17. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng:

a) Nhit phn KHSO4
b) Nung nng KHSO4 vi Cr2O3.
c) Cho dung dch KHSO4 ln lt tc dng vi: Zn; dung dch Na2CO3.