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Management. Crisis Management, .
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Crisis Management - - Railroad Company
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12
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ORIGINS OF BUSINESS CRISIS
.
EVENTS IN THE 1990's
, )
14,4% -
Other -
14.4%

Management
63.3% , .
Employee 63,3% )
22.3% 1990

1991
1992 - ,
1993
1994 - -
1995 .
1996
1997 ( 1) .
1998
1. : Institute for Crisis Management, 2000 ( . , 2001),

.
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1970
:
,
.

63,3% . ,

,
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.
.
36,7% :
40-50
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Crisis Management -

( )

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Institute for
- , -
Crisis Management1,

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: 2.

) :
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(Crisis Management Plan)

. -

,
1990 1998,

13

- (Denis 1995).
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(Shaw, 2001) . , -
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( 2) : .

1 http://www.crisisexperts.com/
myths.htm
2 http://entrepreneurs.about.com/gi/

dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2
- F%2Fwww.ifas.ufl.edu%2Fextrel%2Fe
rm%2FSection3.html%23crisis Uni-
2. : The Institute for Crisis Management versity of Florida, External Relations
Vol. 9 no. 1 2000 Manual forPublic Accountability, 2001
3 http://biotsavart.tripod.com/

), (Parsons crisis.htm
- 4
Will, 1996). Institute for Crisis Management
, http://www.crisisexperts.com/
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- crisisdefinitions.htm
(Kash & Darling, 1998),
5 http://biotsavart.tripod.com/
crisis.htm
77% .
6 http://biotsavart.tripod.com/
5
. crisis.htm
23% ,



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(Parsons, 1996 - Kash &
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for Crisis Management,
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Crisis Management
1990 2000,

15


MBA, . . ,
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(Kash & Darling, 1998).

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Crisis Management, - ,
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(Walkup, 2002 ,
, - Ashcroft, 1997). -
-
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.
, 2
Fortune 1995, - .
-- Crisis Management Plan, Crisis .
(CEOs) 500 Communication Plan,
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A. Crisis Management Plan
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50%
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34
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. Crisis Communication Plan , .
Crisis Communication Plan - 5. -
, (External
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(external communication) -
(Davies & Walters, 1998 Bland,1995
Adams,2000 Stanton,2002 .
Smallman & Weir 1999). - (Walkup, 2002),
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9: 1994).
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1998). 1996).
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1 http://entrepreneurs.about.com/gi/
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dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F
%2Fpalimpsest.stanford.edu%2Fbyaut
. - h%2Fsikich%2Fallhz.html
. 2 http://entrepreneurs.miningco.com/
, , library/weekly/1998/aa121598a.htm
3 http://entrepreneurs.about.com/gi/
, -
dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2
. F%2Fwww.ifas.ufl.edu%2Fextrel%2Fer
, , - m%2FSection3.html%23crisis
4 http://www.bernsteincom.com/docs/
. . azatty4.html
, - 5 http://www.bernsteincom.com/nl/
crisismgr020701.html
6 http://www.crisisexperts.com/
, exec.htm
, 7 http://www.frogpondgroup.com/
. - articles.cfm?articleid=dbooher33
8 http://www.bbpnews.com/safety/
sm_14.shtml
. -
9 http://entrepreneurs.miningco.com/
, - library/weekly/1998/aa121598a.htm
10 http://biotsavart.tripod.com/
, crisis.htm
, - 11 http://www.crisisexperts.com/
management.htm
12 http://biotsavart.tripod.com/
(Keown-McMullan, 1997). crisis.htm
,

38