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Cau Hoi Va BT Hoa PT - Hoang Thi Hue An
Cau Hoi Va BT Hoa PT - Hoang Thi Hue An
HONG TH HU AN
B mn Ha - i hc Nha Trang
Cu hi v Bi tp
HA PHN TCH
II. Bi tp
Nng dung dch - Pha ch dung dch
1. Tnh ng lng ca cc cht tham gia cc phn ng sau:
a) H3PO4 + 2 KOH = K2HPO4 + 2 H2O
b) B4O72- + 2 H+ + 5 H2O = 4 H3BO3
c) CaCl2 + Na2HPO4 = CaHPO4 + 2 NaCl
d) 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 2 Na3PO4 = Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 NaNO3
e) 2 MnO4- + 5 Sn2+ + 16 H+ = 2 Mn2+ + 5 Sn4+ + 8 H2O
2. Cho cc php phn tch Ca2+ v Pb2+ da trn c s cc phn ng sau:
a) Ca2+ + C2O4 2- = CaC2O4
CaC2O4(s) + 2 H+ = H2C2O4 + Ca2+
5 H2C2O4 + 2 MnO4- + 6 H+ = 10 CO2 + 2 Mn2+ + 8 H2O
Tnh ng lng ca CaCl2 v Ca3Al2O6
2
O
+ pKa ca cp -NH3+ /-NH2 bng 9,100
HO C OH
+ pKa ca cp -COOH /-COO bng 2,088
HC CH
H 3C NH2
8. Cn thm bao nhiu gam NH4Cl vo 250 ml dung dch NH4OH 0,300 M thu c
dung dch m c pH = 9? Cho bit pKNH4OH = 4,75
9.
a) Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 80 ml NaOH 0,04 M v 20 ml HCOOH 0,10 M.
b) Cn thm bao nhiu ml NaOH 0,04 M vo 20 ml dung dch HCOOH 0,10 M
thu c dung dch c pH = 3,74?
Bit rng: pKHCOOH = 3,74.
5
10. Ch th Metyl s c mu g trong cc dung dch sau:
a) KCN 10 4 M; b) NH4Cl 0,02 M; c) CH3COONH4 0,05 M
Bit rng:
pKHCN = 9,21; pKCH3COOH = 4,75; pKNH4OH = 4,75
Khong pH chuyn mu ca Metyl l 4,4 6,2
(dng acid c mu ; dng baz c mu vng)
11. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau:
a) H2SO3 0,01 M
b) H2SO4 0,1 M
c) NaHSO4 0,1 M
d) Na2SO4 0,1 M
e) H3PO4 0,1 M
f) H3PO4 0,1 M + NaOH 0,2 M
g) H3PO4 0,1 M + NaOH 0,3 M
Cho bit:
-
Hng s acid ca H2SO3 l Ka1 = 1,7.10 2; Ka2 = 6,2.10 8
- Hng s acid ca H2SO4 l: Ka1 = ; Ka2 = 10 2
- Hng s acid ca H3PO4 l: pKa1= 2,12; pKa2 = 7,21; pKa3 = 12,36
12. Lm th no phn bit cc dung dch mui KH2PO4 v K2HPO4?
Chng II.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH TH TCH
I. L thuyt
i cng v phn tch th tch
1. Nguyn tc chung ca phng php phn tch th tch.
2. Phn bit cc khi nim: im tng ng v im cui ca php chun .
3. Cc phng php pht hin im tng ng ca php chun .
4. Cc yu cu i vi phn ng chun dng trong phn tch th tch.
5. Nu nguyn tc v iu kin p dng ca cc cch chun trong phn tch th tch.
6. ng chun l g? Th no l bc nhy ca ng chun ?
7. Sai s im cui l g? Cng thc tng qut tnh sai s im cui. Ti sao cn kt
thc chun trong khong bc nhy ng nh phn?
8. Sai s ch th l g? Phn bit sai s ch th v sai s im cui
6
Phng php chun acid -baz
1. Khi nim v ch th acid baz. Khong pH chuyn mu v ch s nh phn pT ca
ch th acid- baz l g?
2. Nguyn tc chn ch th trong chun acid baz
Chng III.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH KHI LNG
I. L thuyt
1. Nguyn tc chung ca phng php phn tch khi lng
2. Phn loi cc phng php phn tch khi lng
3. Cc giai on c bn ca mt quy trnh phn tch khi lng theo li kt ta.
4. So snh u, nhc im v phm vi ng dng ca phng php phn tch khi lng
v phn tch th tch
II. Bi tp
1. Kt qu phn tch hm lng nc trong mt mu rau xanh bng phng php phn
tch khi lng cho cc s liu nh sau:
- Cc cn: m0 = 9,4358 g
- Cc cn c mu (cha sy): m1 = 11,4585 g
- Cc cn c mu ( sy) : m2 = 9,7428 g
Tnh hm lng nc trong mu rau cho.
2. Nung 0,7030 g mt mu bt git phn hy hon ton cc hp cht hu c. B cn
li c x l bng dung dch HCl nng chuyn cc dng phosphor v dng
H3PO4. Sau , thm dung dch Mg2+ v NH4OH vo kt ta ion PO43 di dng
11
MgNH4PO4.6H2O. Lc, ra kt ta thu c ri em nung 10000C n khi lng
khng i chuyn v dng Mg2P2O7. Khi lng Mg2P2O7 thu c l 0,4320 g.
Hy tnh % P trong mu bt git cho (P = 30,97; Mg2P2O7 = 222,6)
3. 7 vin ng ha hc saccharin (C7H5NO3S, M = 183) cn nng 0,2996 g c oxy
ha chuyn S thnh SO42 - ri kt ta bng BaCl2 th thu c 0,2895 g BaSO4.
a) Tnh s mg sacharin trung bnh c trong mt vin ng ha hc (BaSO4 =
233,40).
b) Tnh % saccharin c trong loi ng ny.
4. nhit cao, Na2C2O4 b phn hy thnh Na2CO3 v CO theo phn ng:
Na2C2O4 Na2CO3 + CO
Nung 1,2906 g mt mu Na2C2O4 khng tinh khit n khi lng khng i th thu
c lng cn nng 0,9859 g.
Hy tnh % Na2C2O4 trong mu phn tch (Cho: Na2CO3 = 106; Na2C2O4 = 134)
Chng IV.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH CNG C
Chng V.
PHNG PHP X L S LIU
15
P N BI TP HA PHN TCH
pH 10,83;
6. pH 3,88; pH 6,84
7. pH 5,59
8. m NH4Cl 7,14 g
9. a) pH 12,1; b) VNaOH = 25 ml
10.
a) pH > 7 vng; b) pH 5,48 cam; c) pH = 7 vng; d) pH 5,48 cam
11. a) pH 1,88; b) pH 1,00; c) pH 1,50; d) pH 7,50;
e) H3PO4 0,1M: pH 1,56;
17
f) H3PO4 0,1M + NaOH 0,2 M = Na2HPO4 0,1M pH = 9,79
g) H3PO4 0,1M + NaOH 0,3 M = Na3PO4 0,1M pH 12,68
12. pH (KH2PO4) = 4,67 pHK2HPO4 = 9,79
c th dng Phnol Phtaline (hay Mthyl , Mthyl da cam, ) phn bit hai
dung dch ny
Chng II.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH TH TCH
A. Chun acid-baz
1. a) pHp = 5,0 9,0 ; b) Cn chn ch th c pT = 5 9 .
2. a) pHT = 8,22
b) pHp = 6,74 9, 70
c) Khng: Metyl c pT = 5 nm ngoi bc nhy ng nh phn Sai s mc
phi s ln.
3. a) pHT = 5,28;
b) pHp = 6,25 4,30 Cn chn ch th c pT = 4,30 6,25
c) Khng: pT ca Phenol Phtalin c pT = 9 cch xa pHT sai s ch th ln
4. % NH4OH 8,85 % (w/v)
5. a) Khi chun vi Phnol Phataline: NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
Na2CO3 + HCl = NaHCO3 + NaCl
Khi chun vi Mthyl da cam: NaHCO3 + HCl = H2CO3 + NaCl
b) % Na2CO3 32,8%; % NaOH 66,67 %
6. % N 2,84 %; % Protine 18,13 %
B. Chun complexon
1. a) - Phn ng ha tan mu:
MgO + 2 HCl = MgCl2 + H2O
CaO + 2 HCl = CaCl2 + H2O
- Chun pH = 9 10 vi ch th ET-OO:
Mg2+ + H2Y2- = MgY2- + 2 H+
Ca2+ + H2Y2- = CaY2- + 2 H+
T: dd t nho xanh bic
- Chun pH 12 vi ch th Muresxid:
Ca2+ + H2Y2- = CaY2- + 2 H+
T: dd t hng tm xanh
b) % MgO = 35,27%; %CaO = 10,83%
18
2.
a) Qu trnh chun (theo nguyn tc chun ngc):
- kt ta SO42- bng lng d v chnh xc BaCl2:
Ba2+ + SO42- = BaSO4 (1)
- chun Ba cn d bng EDTA vi s c mt ca MgY2-:
2+
Chng III.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH KHI LNG
m1 m 2
1. % H2O = .100% 84,82%
m1 m0
2. Phn ng: HPO42 + Mg2+ + NH4OH == MgNH4PO4 + H2O
0
2 MgNH4PO4 1000
C
Mg2P2O7 + NH3 + H2O
2 AP mC 2.30,97 0,4320
%P = . .100% . .100% 17,01%
M Mg 2 P 2O 7 m pt 222,6 0,7030
Chng IV
A. PHNG PHP QUANG PH HP TH PHN T UV-Vis
1. a) T% = 18,8%; b) = 6980 l.mol-1.cm-1; c) l = 2,5 cm; d) A = 0,381
53, 29.25
Nng Pb2+ trong mu nc bin: C x . 266,45 ppb
5
21
Chng V
PHNG PHP X L S LIU THC NGHIM
1. a) 3 b) 3 c) 5 d) 3 e) 4 f) 3
2. a) 0,894 b) 0,893 c) 0,894 d) 0,900 e) 0,0891
3. a) 71,9 b) 40 c) 6,1.103 d) 55
8
e) 0,0257 f) - 4,185 g) 7,2.10 h)53,0.10 14
4. a) Sp xp d liu tng dn: 3,258; 3,258; 3,265; 3,274; 3,350; 3,483
- Kim tra gi tr nghi ng l 3,483:
Q6(tn) = 0,93; Qlt (0,99; 6) = 0,74 < Q6(tn) loi gi tr 3,483.
- Kim tra tip gi tr nghi ng l 3,350:
Q5(tn) = 0,83; Qlt (0,99; 5) = 0,82 < Q5(tn) loi gi tr 3,350
b) X 4 3,26375 3,264;
S
2.(3,258) 2
(3, 265) 2 (3,274) 2 4(3, 26375) 2
0,007
4 1
CV = 0,2 %
0,007
c) 3,264 3,18. 3,264 0,011 (n = 4; P = 0,95)
4
5. a) X 10 243,53 243,5 mg; S = 11,9 mg; CV = 4,89 %
11,9
b) 243,5 2,26. 243,5 8,5 (mg)
10
22
BI TP T GII
Phn 1. Nng dung dch - Pha ch dung dch
1. Ha tan 2,9375 g Cu(NO3)2 tinh khit vo 1000 ml HNO3 1% w/v. Sau , ly 10 ml
dung dch Cu2+ thu c pha long v nh mc bng nc ct ln n 250 ml. Tnh nng
mol, % w/v v ppm w/v ca Cu2+ trong dung dch sau cng.
Cho bit: Cu = 64; N = 14; O = 16
2. Hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,025 M t KMnO4 tinh th (M = 158,031). Dung
dch KMnO4 thu c c phi l dung dch chun gc hay khng? Ti sao? Nu cch xc
nh nng ng ca dung dch KMnO4 va pha ch.
3. a) Hy pha ch 200 ml dung dch KOH 20% w/w t KOH rn.
b) T dung dch KOH 20% w/w ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml KOH 2% w/w.
4. Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 N t dung dch NaOH 2,5 N.
5. Hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch chun AgNO3 0,0100 N t ng chun AgNO3 0,1 N ?
6. Hy pha ch 500 ml CH3COOH 4 M t dung dch CH3COOH c thng mi 98% w/w
(d = 1,05 g/ml). Cho : MCH3COOH = 60,05
7. Hy pha ch 500 ml NH4OH 4 M t dung dch NH4OH c thng mi 25% w/w
(d = 0,91g/ml). Dung dch NH4OH thu c c nng ng bng 4 M hay khng? Ti
sao? Nu cch xc nh nng ng ca dung dch NH4OH va pha ch.
8. a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch CH3COOH c 98% w/w (d = 1,055 g/ml).
b) T dung dch CH3COOH c ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch CH3COOH
10% w/w. Tnh khi lng ring ca dung dch va pha ch. Cho: MCH3COOH = 60.
9. Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch H2SO4 20% w/w t dung dch H2SO4 c 98% w/w
(d = 1,84 g/ml). Tnh nng mol ca dung dch va pha ch. Cho: H2SO4 = 98,08
10. a) Trnh by cch pha ch 250 ml dung dch Na2B4O7 0,01 N t Na2B4O7.10H2O
(M = 381,374). Bit rng dung dch ny dng chun HCl theo phn ng:
B4O72- + 2 H+ = H2B4O7
b) T dung dch trn, hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch Na2B4O7 1,25.103 M. Tnh
pB4O7 v ppmB4O7 ca dung dch thu c.
11. Trnh by cch pha ch 500 ml dung dch H2O2 4% w/w t H2O2 c 30,1% w/w
(d = 1,19 g/ml). Tnh khi lng ring v nng mol ca dung dch H2O2 va pha ch.
Cho: H2O2 = 34,01.
12. a) Cn bao nhiu gam KH2PO4 tinh khit phn tch (M = 136,09) pha ch 1000 ml
dung dch chun gc P c nng 50 ppm w/v?
b) Tnh th tch dung dch chun gc P ni trn cn ly pha ch 100 ml dung dch
chun P c nng ln lt l 1,0; 5,0 v 10 ppm w/v. Cho: P = 31
23
13. Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Bromocresol xanh 0,1% w/v trong etanol 20% v/v
t Bromocresol xanh (dng tinh th), etanol 96% v/v v nc ct.
14. Trnh by cch pha ch 250 mL Na2S2O3 0,1 N t Na2S2O3.5H2O (M = 248,18) dng
trong php chun I2. Nu nguyn tc chun ha nng dung dch ny.
15. Trn 50 ml KNO3 0,05M vi 40 ml NaNO3 0,075M th c dung dch c ppm NO3
bng bao nhiu ?
16. 250,0 ml dung dch nc cha 45,1 g thuc tr su. Biu din nng thuc tr su
trong nc theo % w/w, ppm v ppb w/v.
Phn 2. Tnh pH ca dung dch acid-baz
1. a) Hy pha ch 500 ml HNO3 4 N t dung dch HNO3 68% w/w (d = 1,405 g/ml).
Cho: HNO3 = 63.
b) T dung dch trn, hy pha ch 250 ml HNO3 0,2 N. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c
2. a) Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch HNO3 20% w/v t dung dch HNO3 c 65% w/w c d
= 1,41 g/ml.
b) T dung dch HNO3 20% w/v, hy pha ch 250 ml HNO3 2% w/v. Tnh nng mol
v pH ca ca dung dch HNO3 2% w/v va pha ch.
3. Hy pha ch 1000 ml HClO4 5% w/w t dung dch HClO4 31,6% w/w (d = 1,220 g/ml).
Tnh nng mol v pH ca dung dch HClO4 5% w/w va pha ch. Cho: HClO4 = 100,5.
4. a) Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch NaOH 40% w/v t NaOH rn. Tnh khi lng ring v
nng mol ca dung dch NaOH thu c.
b) T dung dch NaOH ni trn, hy pha ch 1000 ml NaOH 0,4% (w/v). Tnh pH ca
dung dch va pha ch.
5. a) Hy pha ch 1000 ml dung dch CH3COOH 2 M t dung dch CH3COOH 98% w/w
(c d =1,055 g/ml)
b) T dung dch CH3COOH 2 M ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml CH3COOH 0,1 M. Tnh
pH ca dung dch va thu c. Cho bit: pKCH3COOH = 4,75
6. a) Kali biphtalat l sn phm ca s trung ha acid p-phtalic (cng thc phn t
C6H4(COOH)2) bi KOH. Hy pha ch 250,00 ml dung dch kali biphtalat 4 M t cht gc
kali biphtalat (cng thc phn t C6H4(COOH)(COOK); M = 204,229).
b) T dung dch kali biphtalat ni trn, hy pha ch 100,00 ml kali biphtalat 0,5 M. Tnh
pH ca dung dch va thu c. Cho bit: acid p-phtalic c pKa1 = 3,54; pKa2 = 4,46.
7. Trnh by cch pha ch 500 mL dung dch m amoni c pH = 9,25 t 500 mL NH 4OH 4
M v mui NH4Cl. Gi thit rng s ha tan cht rn vo cht lng khng lm thay i th
tch dung dch. Cho bit: pKNH4OH = 4,75
24
8. a) Hy pha ch 500 mL dung dch m acetat pH = 4,75 t 500 mL CH 3COOH 4M v
mui CH3COONa tinh th. Gi thit rng s ha tan cht rn vo cht lng khng lm thay
i th tch dung dch.
b) Tnh s thay i pH ca dung dch m ni trn nu:
* thm 10 mL HCl 1 M vo 100 mL
* thm 10 ml NaOH 1 M
Cho: pKCH3COOH = 4,75; C = 12; O =16; H = 1; Na = 23.
Phn 3. Cc cch chun - Cch tnh kt qu trong phn tch th tch
1. Cn 0,3000 g mt mu acid amin tinh khit (cng thc R-(CH-(COOH)(NH2); c
pK-COOH = 8,7) ha tan trong 50,00 ml nc. Thm 5 ml formol vo ri chun bng dung
dch NaOH 0,1000 M th tiu tn ht 20,00 ml.
a) Gii thch tc dng ca formol trong php chun trn.
b) Tnh nng trong dung dch ban u v phn t lng ca acid amin.
2. Cn 0,8650 g mt mu khong vt c cha dolomite (CaCO3.MgCO3) ha tan hon
ton trong 10,00 ml HCl 1,5420 N. Sau khi un si ui CO2, chun lng HCl cn
d vi ch th methyl th tiu tn ht 26,03 ml NaOH 0,2163 N. Tnh % dolomite c
trong mu khong phn tch. Cho: Ca = 40; Mg = 24; C = 12; O = 16.
3. Cn 0,4300 g mt mu amino acid R-CH-(COOH)(NH2) tinh khit ha tan trong
50,00 ml nc, thm 5 ml formaldehyd ri chun bng NaOH 0,1036 M vi ch th
thymolphtalein (pT = 9,9) th tiu tn ht 35,00 ml NaOH.
a) Tnh phn t lng ca acid amin trn.
b) Gii thch tc dng ca formaldehyd trong phn ng chun
4. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch hn hp acid HCl + H3PO4 vi ch th metyl da cam
th tiu tn ht 37,83 ml NaOH 0,1 N. Thm tip vo vi git ch th phnol phtalin ri
chun tip tc th tiu tn ht 21,98 ml NaOH 0,1 N. Tnh nng mol ca HCl v
H3PO4 trong dung dch phn tch.
5. Neohetramine (C16H21ON4 c M = 285,37) l mt cht khng histamine thng dng.
Cn 1,2398 g mu dc phm cha c cha Neohetramine em phn tch bng phng
php Kjeldahl. Mu sau khi v c ha c nh mc ln 100,0 ml. Ly 25,00 ml dung dch
thu c cho phn ng vi NaOH c, d ri chng ct li cun hi nc. Lng amoniac
sinh ra c hp th vo 20,00 ml H2SO4 0,0328 M. Chun lng tha H2SO4 th tiu
tn ht 12,80 ml NaOH 0,0983 M. Tnh %N v %Neohetramin trong mu phn tch.
6. Hm lng protein trong mt mu phomai c xc nh bng phng php
Kjeldahl nh sau:
Cn 0,9814 g phomai em v c ha bng H2SO4 c c xc tc oxy ha cc hp
cht cha nit v dng NH4+. Thm NaOH c, d vo dch v c ha ri chng ct li
25
cun hi nc. Kh NH3 sinh ra c hng vo mt bnh cha 50,00 mL H2SO4 0,2112 N.
Chun lng H2SO4 cn d th tiu tn ht 22,84 ml NaOH 0,1183 N.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh phn tch.
b) Tnh % protein trong mu bit rng: %protein = % Ntng s x 6,38
7. Cn 0,5136 mt mu dc phm sulfanilamid (C6H4N2O2S) em oxy ha chuyn
ha lu hunh (S) trong hp cht ny thnh SO2. Kh SO2 sinh ra c sc qua dung dch
H2O2 d chuyn ha thnh H2SO4. Chun dung dch acid thu c th tiu tn ht
48,13 ml NaOH 0,1251 M .
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh phn tch.
b) Tnh tinh khit ca mu dc phm sulfanilamid em phn tch.
Cho : C = 12; H = 1; N = 14; O = 16; S = 32
8. xc nh acid ca mt mu tri cy, ngi ta cn 10,0000 g mu i din em
xay nhuyn vi nc ri nh mc bng nc ct ln 250 ml. Chun 50,00 ml hn hp
thu c bng dung dch NaOH 0,0100 M vi ch th phenolphtalein th tiu tn ht
12,45 ml NaOH.
Gi s rng acid tn ti trong loi hoa qu ny l acid tartaric (C2H2)(OH)2(COOH)2.
Tnh acid ca mu tri cy ni trn theo n v g acid tartaric/100 g bit rng phn ng
chun acid tartaric bng NaOH nh sau:
(C2H2)(OH)2(COOH)2 + 2 NaOH = (C2H2)(OH)2(COONa)2 + 2 H2O
9. xc nh hm lng baz bay hi tng s (gm trimetylamin, dimetylamin v
amoniac) trong mt mu tm ng lnh, ngi ta cn chnh xc 100 g mu em ng nht
ha vi 300 ml acid tricloroacetic. Sau , lc ly dch ri nh mc ln 500 ml. Ly 25 ml
dch thu c thm vo NaOH 2 N n d ri chng ct li cun hi nc. Dch chng
ct c hp th vo 25 ml H2SO4 0,01 N. Chun lng H2SO4 cn d th tiu tn ht
19,23 ml NaOH 0,01 N.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh phn tch
b) Tnh hm lng Nit tng s cha trong baz bay hi (vit tt l N-TVB) c trong mu
phn tch theo n v mg N/100 g. Cho: N = 14.
10. Ha tan 0,3476 g mt mu mui cha MgCl2 v CaCl2 ri nh mc bng nc ct
thnh 100,00 ml. Chun 25,00 ml dung dch trn pH = 10 vi ch th ET-OO th tiu
tn ht 32,00 ml EDTA 0,0500 N. Mt khc, chun 25,00 ml dung dch trn pH 12
vi ch th Murexid th ch cn 15,00 ml EDTA 0,0500 N. Tnh %MgCl2 v %CaCl2 trong
mu mui em phn tch.
Cho bit: MgCl2 = 95,21; CaCl2 = 110,99
10. V trng g em bc b lp mng mng ri sy kh, nghin mn. Cn 5,6130 g v
trng nghin mn em ha tan trong HCl 6 N. Lc b cn khng tan. Dch lc c pha
26
long v nh mc ln 250,00 ml. Chun 10,00 ml dch lc ny pH = 10 vi ch th
NET (c thm lng nh MgY2-) th tiu tn ht 44,11 ml EDTA 0,0499 M.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Mu sc dung dch thay i ra sao im
tng ng?
b) Tnh % CaCO3 w/w trong mu v trng em phn tch. Cho: CaCO3 = 100
11. Cn 0,4071 g cht chun gc CaCO3 (M = 100,09) em ha tan trong mt th tch
ti thiu HCl 6 M ri nh mc thnh 500 ml. Ly 25,00 ml dung dch chun gc Ca2+ va
pha ch cho vo bnh nn, thm NaOH 2 M iu chnh pH > 12, vi ht ch th Murexid
ri chun bng dung dch EDTA th tiu tn ht 21,31 ml.
a) Mu sc dung dch thay i ra sao im tng ng?
b) Tnh nng ng lng v nng mol ca dung dch EDTA s dng.
12. Cn 0,3172 g mt mu mui ch cha KCl v NaBr c ha tan trong 50,00 mL
nc ct ri chun theo phng php Mohr th tiu tn ht 36,14 mL AgNO3 0,1120 M
t ti im tng ng.
Tnh % w/w ca KCl v NaBr trong mu. Cho bit: KCl = 74,55 ; NaBr = 102,89
13. Theobromine (C7H8N4O2, M = 180,1) l mt hot cht alkaloid c trong ht cacao.
xc nh hm lng alkaloid ny trong mt mu ht cacao, ngi ta cn 2,500 g bt
cacao v chit bng nc m v lc ly dch. Thm vo dch lc ny 25,00 ml AgNO3
0,0100 N trong amoniac, un nng kt ta hon ton Theobromine di dng mui kh
tan C7H7N4O2Ag. Lc b kt ta ny v chun dch lc thu c th tiu tn ht 7,69 ml
NH4SCN 0,0108 N.
Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh % Theobromine trong mu phn tch.
14. Cn 1,7950 g mt mu qung hematit (Fe2O3) em ha tan trong acid H2SO4 long,
d ri kh hon ton Fe3+ v Fe2+ bng Sn2+. nh mc dung dch thu c bng nc ct
ln 250,00 ml. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch thu c th tiu tn ht 18,65 ml KMnO4 c
chun TKMnO4 = 1,842 mg/ml.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra
b) Tnh %Fe2O3 trong mu qung hematit ni trn.
Cho: KMnO4 = 158,04; Fe3O4 = 231,5.
15. Cn 10,62 g l me v x l bng phng php thch hp chit xut lng acid
oxalic c trong mu. oxy ha va lng acid oxalic ny thnh CO2 cn dng 36,44 ml
FeCl3 0,0130 M. Tnh % H2C2O4 trong mu l me phn tch, bit rng phn ng gia Fe3+
v H2C2O4 nh sau: 2 Fe3+ + H2C2O4 + 2 H2O = 2 Fe2+ + 2 CO2 + 2 H3O+
16. xc nh hm lng CO trong khng kh, ngi ta ht 4,79 lt khng kh i qua
mt ng thu mu cha I2O5 to thnh CO2 v I2. Lng I2 c loi khi ng thu mu
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bng cch un nng ri cho I2 hp th vo dung dch cha KI d to thnh I3- (tc I2.I-)
Chun lng I3- ny vi ch th h tinh bt th tiu tn ht 7,17 ml Na2S2O3 0,0032 M.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b) Tnh ppm CO ca mu khng kh em phn tch. Cho: CO = 28
Phn 4. Tnh bc nhy, im tng ng ca qu trnh chun
1. a) Tnh pH ti im tng ng v ca cc trng hp chun sau :
- Chun dung dch HNO3 0,02 M bng dung dch NaOH 0,02 M
- Chun dung dch HCOOH 0,1 M bng dung dch NaOH 0,1 M
- Chun dung dch NH4OH 0,1 M bng dung dch HCl 0,1 M.
b) C th dng ch th no trong cc ch th sau pht hin T ca cc php chun
ni trn: Metyl da cam (pT = 4) ; Metyl (pT = 5) ; Phenolphtalein (pT = 9) ?
Cho bit : pKHCOOH = 3,74 ; pKNH4OH = 4,75.
2. Chun dung dch taurine 0,1 M bng NaOH 0,1 M. Cn chn ch th c pT bng
bao nhiu sai s ch th khng qu 0,2% ?
Cho bit taurine l mt acid amin c pKa = 8,74.
3. Chun dung dch n baz yu Dimethylamin 2.102 M bng HCl 2.10 2 M.
Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th khng qu 0,1%?
Cho bit: Dimethylamin c pKB = 3,02
4. Chun dung dch acid tricloroactic (CCl3-COOH) nng 0,02 M bng NaOH c
cng nng .
a) Tnh hng s acid ca CCl3-COOH bit rng khi chun c 90% th pH ca
dung dch bng 1,65.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
vt qu 0,1% ?
5. Chun 10,00 ml dung dch acid monochloro acetic ClCH2COOH (pKa = 2,86) c
nng 0,02 M bng dung dch KOH c chun TKOH = 5,6.10 4 g/ml.
a) Tnh th tch KOH cn dng t ti im tng ng.
b) Ch th no sau y l tt nht nhn ra im tng ng ca php chun ni
trn: Metyl (pT = 5); Cresol (pT = 8); Phenolphtalein (pT = 9)
6. Chun dung dch baz etylamin (C2H5NH2) nng 0,2 M bng HCl 0,2 M.
a) Tnh hng s baz ca etylamin, bit rng pH dung dch ti im tng ng l
5,48.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
qu 0,1% ?
7. Chun 50,00 ml baz metylamin (CH3NH2) th tiu tn ht 25,00 ml HCl 0,1 M
t ti im tng ng.
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a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch CH3NH2 em chun .
b) Ch th no sau y l tt nht nhn ra im tng ng ca php chun ni
trn: Bromocresol xanh (pKa = 4,66); Bromocresol tm (pKa = 6,12); Phenol (pKa =
7,81); Phenolphtalein (pKa = 9,40).
Cho bit: Metylamin c Kb = 4,35.10 4
8. Chun dung dch acid salisylic C6H4(OH)COOH 0,1 M bng KOH 0,1M.
a) Tnh hng s acid ca acid salysilic, bit rng khi chun c 50% th pH dung
dch c gi tr bng 2,97.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
vt qu 0,1% ?
9. Chun dung dch acid butyric (C3H7COOH) nng 0,1 M bng KOH 0,1 M.
a) Tnh hng s acid ca acid butyric bit rng khi chun c 90% th pH ca
dung dch bng 5,77.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
vt qu 0,1% ?
10. Tnh pH ca dung dch H3PO4 c nng 4 M.
pH dung dch trn s thay i ra sao khi thm 20 mL; 40 mL NaOH 2 M vo 10 mL
dung dch H3PO4 4 M.
Cho bit H3PO4 c cc hng s acid ln lt l: pKa1,2,3 = 2,12; 7,21 v 12,36.
11. a) Trnh by cch pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Bromocresol xanh 0,1% w/v
trong etanol 20% v/v t cc ha cht sau: Bromocresol xanh (tinh th), etanol 96% v/v,
nc ct.
b) Nh vi git ch th Bromocresol xanh va pha ch vo 50 ml dung dch
CH3COOH 0,2 N th dung dch c mu g?
Mu sc ca dung dch ni trn s thay i nh th no khi thm vo ln lt 25;
50 v 150 ml NaOH 0,2 N ?
Cho bit khong pH chuyn mu ca Bromocresol xanh l 4,0 5,6.
12. a) Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Tashiro dng trong php chun m
tng s bng phng php Kjeldahl. Bit rng ch th ny l hn hp 1:1 v/v ca dung dch
Metyl 0,1% w/v v Xanh Metylen 0,1% w/v trong dung mi nc.
(Metyl v Xanh Metylen u dng tinh th)
b) Nh vi git ch th Tashiro va pha ch vo 100,00 ml dung dch NH4OH 1 N th
dung dch c mu g ? Mu sc ca dung dch ni trn s thay i nh th no khi thm vo
ln lt 99,90; 100,00 v 100,10 ml HCl 1 N ? Cho bit khong pH chuyn mu ca
Metyl l 4,4 - 6,2.
11. Chun dung dch acid citric 0,01 M bng NaOH 0,01 M.
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a) Tnh pH ca dung dch cc im tng ng.
b) C th nhn ra cc im tng ng trn bng nhng ch th acid baz no? Vit
phng trnh phn ng chun nu dng phenolphtalein lm ch th.
Bit rng acid citric (C3H5O)(COOH)3 l mt acid yu 3 nc c cc hng s acid ln
lt l: pKa1,2,3 = 3,13; 4,76; 6,40.
12. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch NH4SCN bng dung dch AgNO3 0,02 M theo
phng php Volhard.
a) Tnh nng dung dch NH4SCN em chun, bit rng th tch AgNO3 cn dng
t ti im tng ng l 10,00 ml.
b) Cn kt thc chun trong khong pAg bng bao nhiu sai s chun
khng qu 0,1%? Cho bit: TAgSCN = 10-12 .
13. Chun dung dch NaBr 0,2 M bng dung dch AgNO3 c cng nng .
a) Cn kt thc chun pAg bng bao nhiu php chun khng mc sai s
im cui?
b) sai s im cui ca php chun khng vt qu 0,1% th phi kt thc
chun trong khong pAg bng bao nhiu?
Cho bit : TAgBr = 10-12
14. Chun 20,00 mL dung dch Fe3+ 0,1 M bng dung dch Ti3+ 0,1 M.
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng chun . Tnh th tch dung dch Ti3+ cn dng
t ti im tng ng.
b) Cn kt thc chun th bng bao nhiu sai s chun khng vt
qu 0,1%? Cho bit th tiu chun ca cc cp Fe3+/Fe2+ v TiO2+/Ti3+ ln lt
l 0,77 V v 0,10 V.
15. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch Fe3+ 0,05 M bng dung dch Ti2+ 0,02 M.
a) Tnh th tch dung dch Ti2+ cn dng t ti im tng ng
b) Cn chn ch th oxy ha-kh no sai s ch th ca php chun khng vt
qu 0,1% ? Cho bit: E0Fe 3+/Fe 2+= + 0,77 V; E0Ti 3+/Ti 2+ = - 0,37 V
16. Chun dung dch Ti3+ bng dung dch Fe3+ trong mi trng c pH = 0.
a) Tnh bc nhy th ca ng nh phn.
b) Cn chn ch th oxy ha-kh no sai s ch th khng qu 0,1% ? Mu sc
dung dch thay i ra sao im tng tng ?
Cho bit th tiu chun ca cc cp TiO2+, H+/Ti3+, H2O v Fe3+/Fe2+ ln lt l:
E01 = + 0,10 V ; E02 = + 0,77 V
Phn 5. Phng php o quang UV-Vis
1. hp th ca mt dung dch chun cha 50 ppm Bi3+ (sau khi c to phc vi
Thiourea) o 470 nm, cuvet 1,00 cm l 0,570. Ly 5,00 ml dung dch phn tch X cha
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Bi3+cho to phc vi Thiourea ri nh mc thnh 25,00 ml. Dung dch ny c o quang
trong cng iu kin nh trn th cho gi tr hp th l 0,466.
a) Tnh h s hp th mol ca phc gia Bi3+ v Thiourea 470 nm.
b) Tnh hm lng Bi3+ theo ppm v mol/ltc trong dung dch X. Cho Bi = 209.
2. xc nh hm lng Fe3+ trong mt mu nc thi, ngi ta ly 2 bnh nh mc
50 ml v tin hnh nh sau :
- Bnh 1: cho 2 ml mu nc thi
- Bnh 2: cho 5 ml dung dch chun cha 100 ppm Fe3+
Thm vo cc bnh trn ln lt 1ml HNO3 1:1 (v/v), 5 ml NH4SCN 10%, ri nh
mc n vch. hp th ca dung dch mu v dung dch chun (o cng iu kin) l
0,240 v 0,480.
a) Trnh by cch chun b dung dch nn trong php o quang ni trn
b) Tnh hm lng Fe3+ trong mu nc thi phn tch theo n v ppm v mol/lt.
Cho : Fe = 56
3. Cn 50,0358 g mu tm ng lnh em v c ha v ha tan thnh 100 ml. Ly 5 ml
dung dch thu c em to phc vi thuc th dithizon pH = 9 - 10 ri chit sang 10 ml
CCl4 v o quang 525 nm, cuvet 1 cm th c gi tr hp th l 0,534.
Mt khc, 5 ml dung dch chun Pb2+ nng 10 g/ml cng c em to phc vi
dithizon ri chit sang 10 ml CCl4 v o quang trong iu kin y ht nh trn th c hp
th l 0,467. Tnh ppm Pb (w/w) ca mu tm ng lnh ni trn
4. Ha tan 1,6820 g mt mu hp kim ng thau (ch cha Cu v Zn) trong HNO3 c,
d thnh dung dch cha Cu2+ v Zn2+ ri nh mc n 1000 mL bng nc ct. hp th
ca dung dch Cu2+ thu c (o 795 nm, cuvet 1cm) l 1,090. Mt khc, mt dung dch
Cu2+ c nng 5 mM cng c o quang trong iu kin y ht nh trn th c hp th
l 0,320. Tnh % Cu (w/w)v %Zn w/w) trong mu hp kim em phn tch. Cho: Cu = 64.