Giao Trinh THC Hanh Hoa Phan Tich Ii L PDF

GIO TRNH THC HNH HA PHN TCH II LP DSTC
MC TIU CHUNG MN HC:

Sau khi hc xong mn ny yu cu hc sinh c kh nng :
1. S dng thnh tho cc loi dng c dng trong phn tch nh lng.
2. Pha c cc dung dch chun dng trong phn tch nh lng.
3. Hiu c nguyn tc, cch tin hnh, tnh kt qu khi nh lng cc
dung dch.
MC LC
STT Tn bi hc S tit Trang
01 Cn, phng php cn, s dng cn phn tch. 04 02
02 Phng php phn tch khi lng. 04 04
03 S dng dng c trong phn tch th tch. 04 05
04 Pha dung dch chun HCl 0,1N v NH4OH 0,1N. 04 08
Phng php trung ha: nh lng acid bng base v
05 04 11
ngc li
Phng php kt ta 1: nh lng KCl bng phng
06 04 14
php thng ( Mohr ).
Phng php kt ta 2: nh lng NaCl bng phng
07 04 16
php tha tr (Fonhard).
Phng php oxy ha kh 1: Pha dung dch chun
08 04 18
KMnO4.
Phng php oxy ha kh 2: nh lng oxy gi
09 04 20
nh lng tp hu c trong nc sinh hot.
Phng php oxy ha kh 3: nh lng KMnO4
10 04 22
bng phng php th.
Phng php oxy ha kh4: nh lng Glucose
11 04 24
bng Iod (Phng php tha tr).
Phng php oxy ha kh 5: nh lng dung dch
12 04 26
Procain.HCl (Phng php Nitrit).
13 Phng php Complexon: nh lng Calci acetat 04 28
14 Thi ht mn 04
Tng cng: 56
B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 1

Bi 1: CN PHNG PHP CN
S DNG CN PHN TCH
I- Mc tiu bi hc :
1. S dng c cn phn tch, cn a k thut, cn in t.
2. Thc hnh ng, thnh tho cc phng php cn.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:
1- Gii thiu cn phn tch, cn a k thut, cn in t:
a. Cn phn tch:
- Cn phn tch l cn c chnh xc cao, dng cn cc thuc c
bng A, thuc gy nghin, cn ha cht pha dung dch chun, nh lng theo
phng php cn.
- Cn c nhy rt cao nn khi thm hay bt 1 vt d trng lng rt
nh cng lm cho cn dao ng, v vy khi thm hay bt ta phi cho cn trng
thi ngh.
- S dng con nga khi cc qu cn trong hp khng thm hay bt c
na.
b. Cn a k thut:
- Cn a k thut l cn c chnh xc thp hn cn phn tch, dng
cn cc ha cht thng thng, cc ha cht d bin i, cn ha cht pha
gn ng
- C 2 loi cn a k thut l Cn a k thut c thang cn, v Cn a
k thut khng c thang cn.
c. Cn in t:
- L cn hot ng da trn lc in t, c rt nhiu loi cn in t ty
theo mc ch s dng nh cn c n 10mg (0,01g), n 1mg (0,001g), n
0,1mg (0,0001g)
2- Phng php cn:
a. Phng php cn n :
* Nguyn tc: l so snh khi lng ca vt v khi lng ca qu cn
2 u a cn, kt qu ch ng khi 2 cnh tay n bng nhau (phi thng bng
cn trc khi cn).
* Phng php cn: cn 1 khi lng vt ta thc hin qua cc bc
sau:
- Xp giy cn t vo 2 u a cn.
- Thng bng cn ( chnh 2 con c 2 u n cn.)

- Chn qu cn tng ng vi trng lng vt cn cn t ln u a cn.

- Cho t t vt cn cn vo a bn kia cho n khi thng bng.
- Tr qu cn vo hp, cho cn trng thi ngh.
- V sinh cn: dng khn kh, sch, mm, lau cn nh nhng.
b. Phng php cn kp Borda:
*Nguyn tc: l so snh khi lng ca vt v khi lng ca qu cn
cng 1 u a cn, kt qu ng trong mi trng hp (khng cn thng bng
cn trc khi cn).
* Phng php cn: cn 1 khi lng vt ta thc hin qua cc bc
sau:
- Xp giy cn t vo 2 u a cn.
- Chn qu cn tng ng vi trng lng vt cn cn t ln u a cn
- Cho b (ct) t t vo a bn kia cho n khi thng bng.
- Tr qu cn vo hp.
- Cho t t vt cn cn vo a cn cho n khi thng bng.
- Ly ha cht ra, tr ct vo l, cho cn trng thi ngh.
- V sinh cn: dng khn kh, sch, mm, lau cn nh nhnh.
*Ch : Khi cn cht lng, cht oxy ha, cht chy m ta phi s dng
mt knh ng h hoc cc c m.
3) Cch s dng cn in t:
a) Cn mt khi lng:
- Cm in vo ngun.
- Nhn nt POWER ch cho hin th 0,000g.
- t giy cn (cc c m, mt knh ng h) ln a cn.
- Nhn nt TARE cho hin th 0,000g ( tr b)
- Cho t t vt cn cn ln n khi lng cn ly.
- Ly vt ra, nhn TARE cho cn tr v 0,000g, sau nhn POWER tt
cn, rt ngun in, v sinh cn.
b) Xc nh khi lng ca mt vt:
- Cm in vo ngun.
- Nhn nt POWER ch cho hin th 0,000g.
- t giy cn ( cc c m, mt knh ng h) ln a cn.
- Nhn nt TARE cho hin th 0,000g ( tr b)
- Cho vt cn xc nh khi lng ln a cn, ch cn n nh.
- c kt qu.
- Ly vt ra, nhn TARE cho cn tr v 0,000g, sau nhn POWER tt
cn, rt ngun in, v sinh cn.
( Ch : khi cn ta phi eo khu trang, ch c kt qu khi cn n nh,

v ca cn c ng, khi cn khng cn qu gii hn 200g)
Bi 2: PHNG PHP PHN TCH KHI LNG

NH LNG SO42- C LN TRONG MUI N
THEO PHNG PHP KT TA
I- Mc tiu bi hc:
1. Nm c nguyn tc, cc bc tin hnh, cc thao tc nh lng
2-
SO4 c trong mt cht.
2. Tnh ton c kt qu thng qua trng lng ta.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:

1. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php kt ta trong phng php phn tch khi
lng: dng BaCl2 kt ta hon ton SO42- trong mui n.
SO42- + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2Cl-
2. K thut tin hnh:
- Cn chnh xc 10g mui n trn cn phn tch.
- Ha tan vi 40ml nc ct trong cc c m.
- Lc b s b tp cht c hc (lc bng bng )
- Cho t t dung dch BaCl2 20% ( khong 5ml) vo dung dch trn khuy
u to ta hon ton. (Cch th: ly 1 t dch lc cho vo ng nghim, thm
2-3git BaCl2, nu khng cn ta na th ta hon ton).
- Sy giy lc n khi lng khng i t0C = 1100C ( th cn ba ln),
xc nh khi lng giy lc m1 (g).
- Lc ly ta qua bnh lc ht chn khng, dng phu s (dng giy lc
sy n khi lng khng i).
- Ra ta bng nc ct 2-3 ln cho ht tp (Cch th : ly 1 t dch ra
cho vo ng nghim + 2-3 git AgNO3 2%, dung dch phi trong sut.
Sy ta: em giy lc c ta sy nhit t0c = 1000c/1gi, n khi
lng khng i ( ch : mi ln cn phi t giy lc trong bnh ht m cho
ngui ri mi cn), ta c m2 (g).
Khi lng ta: a = m2 m1 (g).
3. Tnh kt qu : Da vo phng trnh phn ng:
SO4 2- + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2Cl-
C 96g 233g
x(g) a(g)
96
x
xa
=
233
C 10g NaCl x(g) SO4 2-
Vy 100g NaCl y(g) (C%kl/kl)

Bi 3: S DNG DNG C PHN TCH TH TCH

NH LNG DUNG DCH ACID ACETIC
I. Mc tiu bi hc: Sau khi hc xong bi ny hc sinh phi:

1. Nhn bit v thao tc s dng ng cc loi dng c phn tch th tch.
2. Nm c nguyn tc chung ca phng php trung ha cch chn ch
th mu trong phng php trung ha.
3. nh lng c dd acid acetic hay nhng cht c tnh acid yu khc.
II. Ni dung thc hnh:
1. S dng cc dng c phn tch th tch :
a. Pipet bu (pipet chnh xc): dng ly mt th tch chnh xc ca
dung dch cn ly.
Pipt bu c 2 loi :
- Loi 1 vch: th tch cn ly t vch n pha di pipet .
- Loi 2 vch: th tch cn ly nm trong khang 2 vch trn v di.
Cch s dng: Khi cn ly dung dch no bng pipet ta c th dng
bp cao su, hoc bng ming ht (ch cc cht c, gy hi), sau dng
ngn tay tr kh bt kn pha trn pipet, sau hi nghin ngn tay iu
chnh dung dch bn trong.
*Ch : Trc khi dng pipet phi kh, sch, khi dng u ngn tay tr
phi kh, sch v gi cho pipt thng ng.
b. Bnh nh mc: dng pha cc dung dch vi mt th tch chnh xc.
Cch s dng: Ha tan cht tan trong cc c m n tan hon ton ri
chuyn sang bnh nh mc, dng dung mi trng li cc c m 2-3 ln cho vo
bnh nh mc, thm t t dung mi n vch c bnh nh mc, lc u.
c. Bnh nn: Dng cha dung dch chun hay dung dch cn nh
lng v ch th mu, dng thc hin thao tc nh lng
C 2 loi bnh nn:
Bnh nn khng nt mi: dng cho hu ht cc dung dch.
Bnh nn c nt mi: dng nh lng cc cht d bay hi hay thng
hoa, khi khng thc hin nh lng th y nt li.
Cch s dng: khi cho dung dch t buret xung th phi lc u sao cho
dung dch trong bnh nn quay trn.
d. Buret: l dng c o th tch chnh xc.
Cch s dng:
- Ra sch, trng nc ct.
- Lp kha vo kha, nu kho b st phi bi trn bng vaselin.
- Trng li burt bng dung dch d nh cha trong buret.
- Rt dung dch vo buret, iu chnh n vch s 0.
- Hng bnh nn vo di buret bng tay phi.

- M kha bng tay tri cho dung dch chy t t tng git vo bnh nn.
- ng kha buret khi kt thc.
- c th tch dung dch dng ht trn buret.
- Ra sch, dng buret vo gi, xp giy c hnh nn y buret.
2. Nguyn tc chung ca phng php trung ha:
Dng dung dch chun H+ nh lng dung dch OH- hay ngc li, c s
ca phng php ny l da trn c s phn ng trung ha.
AH + BOH AB + H2O
Thng thng trong phn ng trung ha ti im tng ng khng c s
bin i nhn bit v vy phi dng ch th mu.
*Cc ch th mu thng dng trong phng php trung ha:
pH
<8 8 - 10 > 10
Phenolphtalein:
Mu sc Khng
Hng
mu
pH
< 4.2 4.2 6.2 > 6.2
methyl:
Mu sc cam--- cam ---
vng
vng cam
pH
< 3.1 3.1 4.4 > 4.4
Methyl da cam:
(Helianthin ) Mu sc cam--- cam ---
vng
vng cam
Chn ch th mu c khong chuyn mu nm trong bc nhy pH v

gn im tng ng.
3. nh lng dung dch acid acetic:
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php trung ha, dng NaOH chun i
nh lng CH3COOH.
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
Ch th mu: phenolphtalein
b. Tin hnh :
- Pha 50ml dung dch chun NaOH 0,1N chun ( pha sn)

- nh lng dung dch CH3COOH bng dung dch NaOH 0,1N chun
d2 NaOH 0,1N chun
- 2j phenolphtalein dd khng mu
- cx 5ml CH3COOH cn nh lng( pipt bu)
Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu hng nht( bn

trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VNaOH = ml
VNNaOH
NCH3COOH =
VCH3COOH
C%CH3COOH

Bi 4: PHA DUNG DCH CHUN HCl 0,1N V NH4OH 0,1N
I- Mc tiu bi hc: Sau khi hc xong bi ny hc sinh phi:

1. Bit c cc bc thc hin pha 1 dung dch chun.
2. Xc nh h s iu chnh k, iu chnh dung dch chun c nng nm
trong khong cho php.
3. Rn luyn thao tc.
II- Ni dung thc hnh:
* C 2 cch pha dung dch chun:
Pha ng: - Dng ha cht nguyn cht.
- Dng ng chun: trong ng c sn chnh xc 1 lng ha
cht tinh khit c hn kn, khi pha thm ng lng dung mi ghi sn trn
nhn ng chun.
Pha gn ng: Dng cho cc ha cht t n nh, d bay hi, d oxy
ha ri iu chnh nng .
1. Pha dung dch chun HCl 0,1N: p dng phng php pha gn ng
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php trung ha, dng Na2CO3 chun
i chun dung dch HCl cn pha.
Na2CO3 + HCl NaCl + CO2 + H2O
Ch th mu: methyl
b. Tin hnh :
- Tnh ton: Pha 50ml dung dch HCl 0,1N t dung dch HCl TK 35%,
d=1,17g/ml.
C .E.V 0,1 x 36,5/1 x 50
mht = N = = 0,183g HCl nguyn cht
1000 1000
Do d2 HCl TK 36%, d= 1,17g/ml nn:
Trong 100g HCl TK 36% c cha 36g HCl nguyn cht
x?g 0,183g
0,183 x 100
x= = 0,508 g HCl TK 36%
36
Ta c m= V.d V = m / d = 0,508 / 1,17 = 0,43 ml HCl TK 36%, d=1,17
Ht 0,43 ml HCl TK 36%, d=1,17 cho vo bnh nh mc ( cha sn
khong 30ml nc ct), thm va 50ml, lc u.

- Chun dung dch va pha bng Na2CO3 0,1N chun
d2 HCl va pha
- 2j methyl dd mu vng
- cx 5ml Na2CO3 0,1N chun
Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu cam (bn
trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VHCl = ml
VNNa2CO3
NHCl = VHCl
NTT
Tnh h s k k =
N LT
c. Hiu chnh:
- Nu 0,9 k 1,1: khng cn hiu chnh
- Nu k < 0,9: d2 long, thm ha cht:

(1-k).A.Vc
a =
Vb
A: lng ha cht tnh trc

a: lng ha cht cn thm vo
Vc: th tch cn iu chnh
Vb: th tch ban u
- Nu k >1,1: d2 c, thm nc:

V = (k-1) Vc
2. Pha dung dch chun NH4OH 0,1N:
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php trung ha, dng HCl chun i
chun dung dch NH4OH cn pha.
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
Ch th mu: methyl

b. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dung dch NH4OH 0,1N t dung dch NH3 TK
25%, d=0,88
C .E.V 0,1 x 17/1 x 50
mht = N = = 0,085g NH3 nguyn cht
1000 1000
Do d2 NH3 TK 25%, d = 0,88g/ml

Trong 100g d2 NH3 TK 25% c 25g NH3 nguyn cht
x?g 0,085g
x= 0,34g
Ta c m=V.d V= m/d = 0,38 ml
2
Ly 0,38ml d NH3 TK 25% cho vo bnh nh mc ( cha sn khong
30ml nc ct), thm va 50ml, lc u.
- Chun li dung dch NH4OH va pha bng d2 HCl.N chun (va pha)
d2 HCl .. N
Kt thc nh lng
dd khi dung dch trong
- 2j methyl mu bnh nn c mu
- cx 5ml NH4OH va pha vng cam (bn trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VHCl = ml
VNHCl
N NH4OH =
V NH4OH
NTT
Tnh h s k k =
N LT
c. Hiu chnh: (Tng t bi trc).

Bi 5: PHNG PHP TRUNG HA

NH LNG ACID BNG BAZ & NH LNG BAZ
BNG ACID
1. nh lng c cc dung dch c tnh acid bng dung dch c tnh baz
chun.
2. nh lng c cc dung dch c tnh baz bng dung dch c tnh acid
chun.

1. nh lng dung dch H2SO4 bng dung dch Na2B4O7 0,1N chun:
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php trung ha, dng Na2B4O7 chun
i nh lng dung dch H2SO4
H2SO4 + Na2B4O7 = Na2SO4 + H2 B4O7
Ch th mu: methyl
b. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dd Na2B4O7 0,1N chun t Na2B4O7 .10H2O, tinh
khit 98,5 %.
CN.E.V 0,1 x 382/2 x 50
mht= = = 0,955g Na2B4O7 .10H2O
1000 1000
Do Na2B4O7 .10H2O, TK 98,5% nn

Trong 100g Na2B4O7 .10H2O TK 98,5% c 98g Na2B4O7 .10H2O
x?g 0,955g
=> x = 0,97 g Na2B4O7 .10H2O TK 98,5%
Cn 0,97 g Na2B4O7 .10H2O TK 98,5%, cho vo cc c m, thm khong
30ml nc ct, khuy tan hon ton, chuyn sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3
ln, thm nc va 50ml, lc u.
* Chun li d2 Na2B4O7 va pha bng d2 HCl 0,1N chun
d2 Na2B4O7 va pha
- 2j methyl dd mu
- cx 5ml HCl 0,1N chun

trong 30giy).

Ghi kt qu VNa2B4O7 = ml
VNHCl
N Na2B4O7 =
V Na2B4O7
NTT
Tnh h s k: k=
N LT
* nh lng dung dch H2SO4 bng dung dch Na2B4O7 ...... N chun
d2 Na2B4O7 N
- 2j methyl
- cx 5ml H2SO4 cn nh lng dd mu

trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VNa2B4O7 = ml
VN Na2B4O7
NH2SO4 = C% H2SO4
VH2SO4
2. nh lng dung dch NaOH bng dung dch HNO3 0,1N chun:
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php trung ha, dng HNO3 chun i
nh lng dung dch NaOH
NaOH + HNO3 = NaNO3 + H2O
Dng ch th mu l methyl.
b. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dd HNO3 0,1N chun t HNO3TK 65%,
d=1,4g/ml.
x= ? g V= ? HNO3 TK 65%
Ly ? ml HNO3 TK 65% cho vo bnh nh mc ( cha sn khong
30ml nc ct), thm va 50ml, lc u.

* Chun li d2 HNO3 va pha bng d2 Na2CO3 0,1N chun
d2 HNO3 va pha
- 2j methyl dd mu
- cx 5ml Na2CO3 0,1N chun

trong 30giy). Ghi kt qu VHNO3 = ml
VNNa2CO3
NHNO3 =
VHNO3
NTT
Tnh h s k: k=
N LT
* nh lng dung dch NaOH bng dung dch HNO3 ...... N chun
HNO3 ...... N chun
- 2j methyl dd mu vng
- cx 5ml NaOH cn nh lng
Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn va chuyn sang khng
mu (bn trong 30giy). Ghi kt qu VHNO3 = ml
c. Tnh kt qu:
VNHNO3
N NaOH =
V NaOH
C%NaOH =

Bi 6: PHNG PHP KT TA BNG AgNO3

NH LNG KCl BNG PHNG PHP MOHR (thng)
1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng bng phng php Mohr.
2. nh lng c cc mui halogenid theo phng php Mohr
1. Nguyn tc:
p dng phng php kt ta: Dng AgNO3 chun i nh lng KCl
AgNO3 + KCl = AgCl + KNO3
Ch th mu: K2CrO4
AgNO3 + K2CrO4 = Ag2CrO4 gch + KNO3
* Ch : Mi trng nh lng phi trung tnh v
- Trong mi trng acid ch th b mt tc dng ( 2H+ + CrO4 2- = H2CrO4)
- Trong mi trng baz AgNO3 s phn hy thnh bc oxyd kt ta en
lm cho kt qu nh lng thiu chnh xc.
2. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dung dch AgNO3 0,05N chun t AgNO3 TK 99,8%
Cn x? g AgNO3TK 99,8% trn MKH, cho vo cc c m, thm khong
30ml nc ct, khuy tan hon ton, chuyn sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3
ln, thm nc va 50ml, lc u.
* Chun li d2 AgNO3 va pha bng d2 NaCl 0,05N chun
d2 AgNO3 va pha
- 2j K2CrO4 dd mu vng ti
- cx 5ml NaCl 0,05N chun
Kt thc nh lng khi hn hp trong bnh nn c mu hng nht (bn

trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VAgNO3 = ml
VNNaCl
NAgNO3 =
VAgNO3

NTT
Tnh h s k: k=
N LT
* nh lng dung dch KCl bng dung dch AgNO3 va pha
d2 AgNO3 N
- 2j K2CrO4 dd mu vng ti
- cx 5ml KCl cn nh lng

trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VAgNO3 = ml
3. Tnh kt qu:
VN AgNO3
NKCl =
VKCl
C%KCl

Bi 7: PHNG PHP KT TA BNG AgNO3 (tt)

NH LNG KCl BNG PHNG PHP FONHARD
(PHNG PHP THA TR)
1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng bng phng php Fonhard..
2. nh lng c cc mui halogenid theo phng php Fonhard.
1. Nguyn tc:
p dng phng php kt ta: Dng AgNO3 chun, d i nh lng
NaCl, sau dng KSCN chun i nh lng AgNO3 cn d.
AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl + NaNO3
AgNO3d + KSCN = AgSCN + KNO3
Ch th mu: FeNH4(SO4)2 phn st amoni
Fe3+ + 3KSCN = Fe(SCN)3 mu + 3K+
2. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dung dch AgNO3 0,05N chun (xem bi 6)
Pha 50ml dung dch KSCN 0,05N chun t KSCN TK 98,5%
Cn x? g KSCN TK 98,5% trn MKH, cho vo cc c m, thm khong 30ml
nc ct, khuy tan hon ton, chuyn sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3 ln,
thm nc va 50ml, lc u.
* Chun li d2 KSCN va pha bng d2 AgNO3 0,05N chun
d2 KSCN va pha
- 2j FeNH4(SO4)2 dd mu vng nht

- cx 5ml AgNO3 0,05N chun (gn nh khng mu)

trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VKSCN = ml
VNAgNO3
NKSCN =
VKSCN
NTT
Tnh h s k: k=
N LT

* nh lng dung dch NaCl:

- nh lng s b:
d2 KSCN ..N
- 3j FeNH4(SO4)2
- 5j HNO3 10% dd mu vng nht
- cx 1ml NaCl cn nh lng
Cho tng git KSCN xung bnh nn, nu bnh nn xut hin mu
ngay, th suy ra lng AgNO3 trong bnh nn khng c, hay NaCl b d (do
c). Th ta tin hnh pha long mu nh lng, vi h s pha long n. Nu
bnh nn khng xut hin ngay, ta tin hnh nh lng.
- nh lng NaCl:
d2 KSCN ..N
- 3j FeNH4(SO4)2
- 1ml HNO3 10% dd mu vng nht
- cx 5ml NaCl cn nh lng (NaCl
pha long nu c)
trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VKSCN = ml
3. Tnh kt qu:
VN AgNO3 - VNKSCN
NNaCl =
VNaCl
* Ch : Nu dung dch NaCl phi pha long, nn N NaCl ban u = NNaCl . n (vi
n l h s pha long)
=> C%NaCl

Bi 8: PHNG PHP OXY HA KH

PHA DUNG DCH CHUN KMnO4 0,1N

1. Pha c dung dch KMnO4 chun vi nng xc nh.
2. Bit c cch chun v hiu chnh dung dch KMnO4.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:
1-Nguyn tc: p dng phng php oxy ha kh, dng H2C2O4 chun i
chun dung dch KMnO4 cn pha.
5H2C2O4 + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 = K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 +10CO2 + 8H2O
5 x C2+3 - 1e x 2 2C+4
2 x Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2
phn ng xy ra nhanh ta nn un nng bnh nn n nhit 70-800C
trc khi nh lng.
Ch th mu: KMnO4
2- Tin hnh:
Tnh ton: Pha 50ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1N chun t KMnO4
Cn x?g KMnO4 ., cho vo cc c m, thm khong 30ml nc ct un
nng, khuy tan hon ton, chuyn sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3 ln, thm
nc va 50ml, lc u.
Chun li d2 KMnO4 va pha bng d2 H2C2O4 0,1N chun
d2 KMnO4 va pha
- 5ml H2SO4 2N dd khng mu

- cx 5ml H2C2O4 0,1N chun (un nng dd n khong 80oC)
Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn chuyn sang mu hng
nht (bn trong 30giy).
Ghi kt qu VKMnO4 = ml
VNH2C2O4

NKMnO4 =
VKMnO4
NTT
Tnh h s k k =
N LT

3.Hiu chnh :
- Nu 0,9 k 1,1: khng cn hiu chnh
- Nu k < 0,9: d2 long, thm ha cht:
(1-k).A.Vc
a =
Vb
A: lng ha cht tnh trc

a: lng ha cht cn thm vo
Vc: th tch cn iu chnh
Vb: th tch ban u
- Nu k >1,1: d2 c, thm nc:
V = (k-1) Vc

Bi 9: PHNG PHP OXY HA KH (tt)

NH LNG DUNG DCH OXY GI (H2O2),
TP HU C C TRONG NC
1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng theo phng php oxy ha
kh (nh lng bng KMnO4).
2. nh lng c dung dch oxy gi long v cht hu c c trong
nc.
1-nh lng dung dch oxy gi long:
a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php oxy ha kh, dng KMnO4 chun
i nh lng dung dch H2O2.
5 H2O2 + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 = K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5O2 + 8H2O
5 x O2-1 - 1e x 2 O20
2 x Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2
Ch th mu: KMnO4
b. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1N ( hc bi 8)
d2 KMnO4 0,1N chun
- 1ml H2SO4 50% dd khng mu

- cx 5ml H2O2 cn nh lng
Ghi kt qu VKMnO4 = ml
VN KMnO4
N H2O2 =
V H2O2
=> C%H2O2 =
S lt O2 gii phng = N . 5,6 l

2) nh lng cht hu c c trong nc:

a. Nguyn tc: p dng phng php oxy ha kh, dng KMnO4 chun
i nh lng tp hu c trong nc (l nhng tp cht, hoc xc ng, thc
vt phn hy, c tnh kh).
Ch th mu: KMnO4
b. Tin hnh: Pha 50ml dung dch KMnO4 0,01N (ly cx 5ml KMnO4
0,1N thm va 50ml nc)
Ghi kt qu VKMnO4 = ml (V2)
c. Tnh kt qu:
d2 KMnO4 0,01N chun (V2)
dd c mu tm, un nng
- 5j H2SO4 50% bnh nn, sau thm cx
- cx 1ml KMnO4 0,01N chun (V2) 2ml H2C2O4 0,01N
- cx 5ml H2O cn nh lng chun, dung dch chuyn
sang khng mu.
(V1 + V 2)NKMnO4 - VNH2C2O4

Ntp hu c/nc =
Vnc


NH LNG DUNG DCH KMnO4
THEO PHNG PHP TH
1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng theo phng php th.
2. nh lng c dung dch KMnO4 theo phng php th.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:
1-Nguyn tc: p dng phng php oxy ha kh, dng KI d kh ht
lng KMnO4 sau nh lng li I2 to thnh bng dung dch Na2S2O3 chun.
10KI + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 = 6K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5I2 + 8H2O.
5 x 2I-1 - 1e x 2 I2 0
2 x Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2
2Na2S2O3 + I2 = Na2S4O6 + 2NaI
-2
1 x 2(S2O3) -1e x 2 (S2O3)2-1
1 x I2 0 +1e x 2 2I-1
Ch th mu: h tinh bt
2- Tin hnh:
Pha 50ml dung dch Na2S2O3 0,1N chun t Na2S2O3
Cn x? g Na2S2O3, cho vo cc c m, thm khong 30ml nc ct,
khuy tan hon ton, chuyn sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3 ln, thm nc
va 50ml, lc u.
Chun li d2 Na2S2O3 va pha bng dung dch I2 0,1N chun
d2 Na2S2O3 va pha
nh lng n khi d2 trong bnh

nn chuyn sang mu vng rm,
- cx 5ml I2 0,1N chun thm 2-3j h tinh bt, d2 chuyn
sang mu xanh en.
Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch va mt mu xanh en.
Ghi kt qu VNa2S2O3 = ml
VNI2 NTT
N Na2S2O3 = Tnh h s k k =
V Na2S2O3 N LT

nh lng dung dch KMnO4 :
- 1ml H2SO4 50% y nt bnh, ni ti 5-10 pht,

- 3ml KI 10% ra nt bng 5ml nc ct (ra 3
- cx 5ml KMnO4 cn ln) cho vo bnh nn, ta c hn
nh lng hp c mu nu (hn hp I2).
d2 Na2S2O3 0,1N chun

- hn hp I2 thm 2-3j h tinh bt, d2 chuyn
sang mu xanh en.
3. Tnh kt qu:
VN KMnO4 = VN I2 = VN Na2S2O3
VNNa2S2O3
NKMnO4 =
VKMnO4
=> C%KMnO4


NH LNG DUNG DCH GLUCOSE
BNG PHNG PHP THA TR
Nm c nguyn tc v tin hnh nh lng Glucose theo phng
php tha tr.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:
1-Nguyn tc: p dng phng php oxy ha kh, dng I2 d trong mi trng
kim ( to thnh I+ d) oxy ha ht Glucose, sau nh lng li I2 d
(c to thnh khi acid ha I+ d) bng dung dch Na2S2O3 chun.
I2 + NaOH = NaOI + NaI + H2O
NaOI + CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO = NaI + CH2OH-(CHOH)4-COOH
2NaOI + 2NaI + 2H2SO4 = I2 + 2Na2SO4 + 2H2O
2Na2S2O3 + I2 = Na2S4O6 + 2NaI
Ch th mu: H tinh bt
2- Tin hnh:
Pha 50ml dung dch I2 0,1N chun t I2 TK
V I2 tan trong KI m c, nn ta tin hnh pha KI m c trc, sau
mi cn I2 sau, mKI = 2mI2 = , ha tan g KI vi 5ml nc c dd KI m c.
Cn x?g I2 ., cho vo cc KI m c, khuy tan hon ton, chuyn
sang bnh nh mc, trng cc 2-3 ln, thm nc va 50ml, lc u.
Chun li d2 I2 va pha bng dung dch Na2S2O3 0,1N chun

- cx 5ml I2 va pha thm 2-3j h tinh bt, d2 chuyn
sang mu xanh en.
VN Na2S2O3
NI2 =
V I2

NTT
Tnh h s k k =
N LT
nh lng Glucose bng I2 va pha:
- sau thm 5ml H2SO4 10%, dd chuyn sang mu nu (I2)

- y kn bnh nn, trnh nh sng, lc k
- 2-3ml NaOH 10% (nh tng git vo lc u) dd chuyn
- 10ml d2 Iod N chun sang
- cx 5ml Glucose cn nh lng khng mu

- dung dch I2 d thm 2-3j h tinh bt, d2 chuyn
sang mu xanh en.
3. Tnh kt qu:
VN I2 VNNa2S2O3
NGlucose =
VGlucose
C%Glucose


NH LNG DUNG DCH PROCAIN HYDROCLORID
BNG PHNG PHP NITRIT
1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng bng phng php Nitrit.
2. nh lng c dung dch Procain.HCl v cc amin thm khc.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:
1-Nguyn tc: p dng phng php nitrit, dng HNO2 chun (c to thnh
t NaNO2 chun tc dng vi HCl) nh lng Procain.HCl
- Cng thc procain hydroclorid :C13H20N2O2.HCl
H2N C-O-CH2-CH2-N C2H5.HCl (K hiu Ar-NH2)
O C2H5
NaNO2 + HCl = HNO2 + NaCl
Ar-NH2 + HNO2+HCl [Ar N+N]Cl- +2H2O
Ch th mu ngoi l giy tm h tinh bt c KI
2KI+2HNO2 + 2HCl = I2 + 2NO + 2KCl + 2H2O
I2 c to thnh kt hp vi h tinh bt to thnh mu xanh en.
2- Tin hnh:
d2 NaNO2 0,1M chun
- 1t lnh
- 10ml HCl 10%
- cx 5ml Procain.HCl
cn nh lng
Nh t t dung dch tng git NaNO2 xung bnh nn.
Ly 1 git dung dch trong bnh nn bng a thy tinh chm ln giy ch
th h tinh bt c KI: - Nu giy vn cha c mu xanh en th tip tc nh
NaNO2 ri th li.
- Nu giy c mu xanh, tm dng nh lng. Sau 2
pht th li nh trn, nu giy vn c mu xanh en th kt thc nh lng.
Ghi kt qu VNaNO2 = ml m= g

3. Tnh kt qu:
NaNO2 + HCl = HNO2 + NaCl
69g 47g
m?g x=
Ar-NH2 + HNO2 + HCl [Ar N+N] Cl- + H2O
272,5g 47g
y= x
C%Procain.HCl =

Bi 13: PHNG PHP TO PHC

NH LNG DUNG DCH CALCI ACETAT
BNG PHNG PHP COMPLEXON

1. Nm c nguyn tc ca php nh lng theo phng php
complexon.
2. nh lng c dung dch calci acetat v cc mui cation nhm II
khc theo phng php complexon.
II-Ni dung thc hnh:

1-Nguyn tc: p dng phng php to phc, dng complexon III chun i
nh lng Ca(CH3COO)2.
Complexon III (chelaton, trilon B): C8H14O8N2Na2 (vit tt l Y4-)
HOOC CH2 CH2COOH

N CH2 CH2 N + Ca(CH3COO)2 =
NaOOC CH2 CH2COONa
NaOOC CH2 CH2COONa

N CH2 CH2 N + 2CH3COOH
OOC CH2 CH2COO
Ca
Hay Y + Ca(CH3COO)2 = Y2-Ca + 2CH3COOH
4-
Ch th mu: Eriocrom T (hay N.E.T): C20H13O7N3S (Ind) trong mi trng kim

(c mu xanh dng), v khi kt hp vi Cation ha tr II c mu vang.
Ind (xanh) + Ca2+ IndCa (c mu vang)
IndCa + Y 4-
Y2-Ca + Ind (xanh)
2- Tin hnh:
Pha 50ml dung dch Complexon III 0,1N chun t C10H14N2O8Na2.2H2O
M= 372,24 ; n=2
CN.E.V 0,1 x 372,24/2 x 50
mht = = = 0,79g C10H14N2O8Na2.2H2O
1000 1000

Chun dung dch va pha bng d2 ZnSO4 0,1N chun:
d2 Complexon va pha
- cx 5ml ZnSO4 0,1N chun Xut hin mu vang, kt

- ht go N.E.T mu xanh thc nh lng khi dd va
- 1ml NH4OH 10% lam nht chuyn sang xanh lam.
Ghi kt qu VComplexon = ml
VNZnSO4 NTT
NComplexon = Tnh h s k k =
VComplexon N LT
nh lng dung dch Ca(CH3COO)2 bng dung dch Complexon va pha:
d2 Complexon va pha
- cx 5ml Ca(CH3COO)2 cn l Xut hin mu vang, kt

- ht go N.E.T mu xanh thc nh lng khi dd va
- 1ml NH4OH 10% lam nht chuyn sang xanh lam.
Ghi kt qu VComplexon = ml
3. Tnh kt qu:
VN Ca(CH3COO)2
NComplexon =
VComplexon
C%Complexon

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GIO TRNH THC HNH HA PHN TCH II LP DSTC

MC TIU CHUNG MN HC:

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 1

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 2

- Chn qu cn tng ng vi trng lng vt cn cn t ln u a cn.

( Ch : khi cn ta phi eo khu trang, ch c kt qu khi cn n nh,

Bi 2: PHNG PHP PHN TCH KHI LNG

II-Ni dung thc hnh:

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 4

Bi 3: S DNG DNG C PHN TCH TH TCH

I. Mc tiu bi hc: Sau khi hc xong bi ny hc sinh phi:

- Hng bnh nn vo di buret bng tay phi.

*Cc ch th mu thng dng trong phng php trung ha:

Chn ch th mu c khong chuyn mu nm trong bc nhy pH v

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 6

d2 NaOH 0,1N chun

Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu hng nht( bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 7

Bi 4: PHA DUNG DCH CHUN HCl 0,1N V NH4OH 0,1N

I- Mc tiu bi hc: Sau khi hc xong bi ny hc sinh phi:

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 8

- Chun dung dch va pha bng Na2CO3 0,1N chun

- Nu k < 0,9: d2 long, thm ha cht:

A: lng ha cht tnh trc

- Nu k >1,1: d2 c, thm nc:

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 9

Do d2 NH3 TK 25%, d = 0,88g/ml

c. Hiu chnh: (Tng t bi trc).

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 10

Bi 5: PHNG PHP TRUNG HA

II- Ni dung thc hnh:

Do Na2B4O7 .10H2O, TK 98,5% nn

Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu cam (bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 11

Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu cam (bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 12

* Chun li d2 HNO3 va pha bng d2 Na2CO3 0,1N chun

Kt thc nh lng khi dung dch trong bnh nn c mu cam (bn

HNO3 ...... N chun

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 13

Bi 6: PHNG PHP KT TA BNG AgNO3

Kt thc nh lng khi hn hp trong bnh nn c mu hng nht (bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 14

Kt thc nh lng khi hn hp trong bnh nn c mu hng nht (bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 15

Bi 7: PHNG PHP KT TA BNG AgNO3 (tt)

- 2j FeNH4(SO4)2 dd mu vng nht

Kt thc nh lng khi hn hp trong bnh nn c mu hng nht (bn

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 16

* nh lng dung dch NaCl:

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 17

Bi 8: PHNG PHP OXY HA KH

I- Mc tiu bi hc: Sau khi hc xong bi ny hc sinh phi:

- 5ml H2SO4 2N dd khng mu

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 18

A: lng ha cht tnh trc

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 19

Bi 9: PHNG PHP OXY HA KH (tt)

d2 KMnO4 0,1N chun

- 1ml H2SO4 50% dd khng mu

B mn Dc TRNG CAO NG Y T BNH NH Trang: 20

2) nh lng cht hu c c trong nc:

d2 KMnO4 0,01N chun (V2)