XY DNG H THNG QUY PHM V SINH SSOP CHO NH MY SN

XUT NC GII KHT NG CHAI

Hin nay gii kht ng chai ang c mc mc tiu th rt cao v nhu cu s dng v
thun tin cho ngi tiu dng. Tuy nhin, vi vic xoay vng ti s dng nhiu ln,
chai thu gom t nhiu ngun khc nhau l mt vn cn c kim sot cht ch v
chnh l ngun gc ca nhiu mi nguy c th gy nhim bn nc. Mt khc, ty
tng dy chuyn sn xut, kh nng lm vic cng khc nhau, iu c th nh
hng nhiu n vic kim sot an ton v cht lng ca sn phm.

Chnh v th m vic xy dng h thng qun l cht lng HACCP cho dy chuyn
sn xut nc gii kht ng chai l mt vic lm ht sc cn thit m bo khng
tn ti mt mi nguy no gy hi n sc khe ca con ngi. Trong , quy phm v
sinh SSOP ng mt vai tr rt quan trng trong vic h tr cho h thng HACCP. Khi
cc quy trnh vn hnh tiu chun v sinh c hon chnh th HACCP c th hu
hiu hn bi v n c th tp trung vo nhng ri ro lin quan n thc phm hoc vic
ch bin thc phm.

Quy phm v sinh SSOP cng GMP, kim sot tt c nhng yu t lin quan n cht lng v
sinh an ton thc phm ca sn phm trong qu trnh sn xut, ch bin, t khu tip nhn
nguyn liu n thnh phm cui cng

Trong khun kh bi vit ny, chng ti s trnh by 10 lnh vc cn xy dng quy

phm v sinh SSOP cho nh my sn xut nc gii kht ng chai nh sau:

SSOP 1: An ton nc
Yu cu: Nc s dng trong thc phm, nc dng tip xc trc tip thc phm v cc
b mt tip xc thc phm phi m bo an ton v sinh.

Nc an ton phi t theo tiu chun 505/BYT, cc tiu chun ring ca ngnh hya
tiu chun ca nc nhp khu mt hng thc phm .
Nc c th c ly t ngun nc th cc hoc t khai thc t ging khoan. i vi
ngun nc t khai thc phi thit lp mt h thng x l hiu qu, a tng. phi c k
hoch kim tra cht lng nc m bo ngun nc s dng l an ton.

Nhng ni dung ca vic kim sot cht lng nc:

Lp s h thng cung cp nc.

Kim sot hot ng ca h thng duy tr tt hot ng ca h thng x l,

bo v v ngn nga ngun nc khi nguy c nhim bn.

Kim tra cht lng nc: lp k hoch v ly mu kim nghim, x l cc s

c khi c kt qu.

SSOP 2: An ton ngun nc

Yu cu: Nc tip xc vi thc phm phi m bo an ton v sinh. Phi c k
hoch kim sot cht lng nc dng sn xut nc v iu kin sn xut bo
qun vn chuyn.

SSOP 3: V sinh cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm

Yu cu: Cc b mt tip xc thc phm phi m bo khng l ngun ly nhim cho
sn phm trong qu trnh ch bin

Cc b mt tip xc vi thc phm (k c vt liu bao gi sn phm, gng tay, dng c

bo h lao ng phi c lm t cc vt liu v c cu trc thch hp khng cha cc
hp cht gy nhim bn thc phm.

Thit lp cc bin php kim sot vic v sinh v kh trng cc b mt tip xc:

Lm v sinh v kh trng vi ha cht, tc nhn thch hp v theo quy nh

nh nc (5/TC- Q), phng php thc hin ph hp ng tn sut.

Bo qun cc b mt tip xc thc ph, ng cch v s dng ng mc ch.

C k hoch ly mu kim tra vic lm v sinh v kh trng.

SSOP 4: Ngn nga s nhim cho

Yu cu: ngn nga c s nhim cho t nhng vt th khng sch vo thc phm
v cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm.

Cn phn tch v nhn din kh nng nhim cho do: ng i ca sn phm, nc ,

bao b ph liu, cng nhn, khch, , vic lu thng khng kh v h thng nc thi.

Cc yu t phi kim sot cho quy phm ny:

S lu thng ca nguyn liu, sn phm, nc , ph liu, cng nhn, bao b,

i vi cc hot ng, cc khu vc c kh nng nhim cho phi ngn cch

nghim ngt (v khng gian, thi gian) khi sn xut cc sn phm c ri ro
khc nhau v phn bit cc dng c tng khu vc c sch khc nhau.
 Cc hot ng ca cng nhn (lm vic ng v tr v nhim v, gi gn v
sinh, ).

SSOP 5: V sinh c nhn

Yu cu: cng nhn phi m bo v sinh c nhn trc khi sn xut

thc hin tt yu cu ny, hin trng h thng ra v kh trng tay, phng thay
bo h lao ng, nh v sinh phi duy tr trong iu kin tt nh cp trong
chng trnh GMP, xy dng cc quy nh v hot ng v sinh c nhn.

Xy dng cc th tc v:

Hot ng bo tr v kim tra tnh trng hot ng thc t cc iu kin phc

v v sinh.

Qun l v s dng bo h lao ng.

Thc hin ra v kh trng tay, v sinh.

Ly mu kim chng hiu qu vic thc hin v sinh.

Kim tra v sinh hng ngy v lu h s.

SSOP 6: Bo v cc sn phm trnh cc tc nhn ly nhim

Yu cu: khng thc phm, bao b v cc b mt tip xc vi thc phm b nhim
bn bi cc tc nhn gy nhim.

i vi quy phm ny, cn xem xt cc yu t nh s ngng t hi nc cc cu trc

pha trn sn phm, kh nng kim sot v sinh ca cc b mt khng tip xc trc
tip vi sn phm, kh nng nh hng ca cht c hi nh du bi trn, ha cht
v cc hot ng c kh nng to s ly nhim.

Xy dng cc th tc v hot ng bo tr thit b, thc hin v kim sot vic lm v

sinh, ly mu kim tra, lu h s vic kim sot v sinh hng ngy.

SSOP 7: S dng v bo qun ha cht c hi

Yu cu: m bo vic s dng v bo qun ha cht khng gy hi cho sn phm.

Kho bo qun ha cht phi c xy dng tch bit dy chuyn sn xut, cc quy nh
c s dng hng dn cho ngi c lin quan v thi hnh nghim tc.

Xy dng cc th tc nh sau:

Lp danh mc cc ha cht s dng

Cc iu kin bo qun vn chuyn, cc dng c cha ng v ghi nhn cho

tng loi ha cht

o to v cch s dng v phn cng ngi chuyn trch

Xy dng h thng h s cc danh mc ha cht, theo di vic nhp xut v s dng.

SSOP 8: Kim sot sc khe cng nhn

Yu cu: m bo cng nhn khng l ngun ly nhim thc phm

Phi thnh lp phng y t ti ni c s sn xut, thc hin cc ch kim tra sc khe

cho nhn vin theo nh k v cc iu kin khm bnh thng thng.

Cn thc hin cc th tc sau:

Kim tra sc khe nh k.

Kim tra hng ngy: thng tin nhc nh vic gi gn sc khe v v sinh cho
mi ngi, kim sot sc khe v sinh trc khi vo trong qu trnh sn xut.

Lp h thng h s gim st: theo di v sinh hng ngy, cp phiu kim tra sc khe
ban u v nh k, cc trng hp bnh l v bin php x l.

SSOP 9: Kim sot sinh vt gy hi

Yu cu: phi ngn nga v tiu dit hiu qu sinh vt gy hi

C s sn xut phi c trang b y h thng ngn chn ng vt gy hi (mn,

li chn, ) v cc bin php tiu dit, x l s xm nhp ca chng.

Xy dng h thng th tc:

Bo tr tt h thng chng s xm nhp v tiu dit cn trng gy hi.

Loi b cc khu vc dn d hoc to iu kin thun li cho ng vt gy hi

kim n, sinh sn hoc n nu.

Lp s v k hoch t by, b v k hoch phun thuc dit cn trng.

Thc hin cc k hoch trn m khng lm nh hng n sn xut, nhim

bn thc phm.

Lu gi h s cc s k hoch t by, b v theo di vic ngn chn v tiu dit vi

sinh vt gy hi.

SSOP 10: Kim sot cht thi

Yu cu: hot ng thu gom, x l cht thi khng gy nhim bn cho sn phm.

i vi cht thi rn: c th tc thu gom, vn chuyn, cha ng ph liu:

m bo ph hp vi tng loi ph liu v mc ch s dng ca dng c.

Tn sut v thao tc vic thu gom cht thi rn phi khng lm nh hng n
cng vic sn xut v nhim bn vo thc phm.

Ngi thc hin c o to hun luyn k cng v cng vic.

i vi cht thi lng:

Kim sot hot ng ca h thng thot nc v x l nc thi ca nh my

chc chn hiu qu nng lc gii quyt hon ton lng nc thi v khng
lm nhim mi trng.
 Lm v sinh v bo tr thng xuyn h thng.

Kim sot s chy ngc.

m bo h thng x l nc thi khng gy nhim vo sn phm.

Hnh thc ca quy phm v sinh SSOP:

Mt quy phm SSOP c th hin di dng vn bn v gm 4 phn:

Yu cu (hay mc tiu).

iu kin hin c ca doanh nghip.

Cc th tc cn thc hin.

Phn cng thc hin v gim st.

Mi quy phm phi c ph duyt bi ngi c thm quyn.

Tu theo mi c s sn xut, ch bin thc phm, ni dung ca SSOP c th khc nhau.

Hoc phi kim sot y cc lnh vc m bo v sinh an ton nh trn hoc ch
kim sot mt s lnh vc (v d c s khng cn s dng nc hoc ho cht),
hoc phi xy dng SSOP cho mt s lnh vc khc.