Heat Load Calculations

Main Control Room and Control Equipment Room

As various modifications, installation of control panels took place in due course of operation times, the
committee, constituted by Management, is felt to re-work heat load for Main Control Room and U-1 & 2
Control Equipment Rooms.

Heat load calculation for Main Control Room and Control equipment room (Unit # 1&2) is worked out
based on book “Hand Book of Air Conditioning System Design (AC-11/633) available in Library and
these calculations were cross checked with similar calculations done in.

On detail discussion & analysis, the following loads are considered as significance for
refrigeration requirements.

Room Design Condition : 22ºC 50%RH

1. Heat gain through structures ( walls, floor and slab)

a. West Wall – due to sunlight
b. East wall – due to high ambient temperature
c. North and South Walls
d. Floor and Roof concrete structure
2. Volume of air changes ( ventilation) Sensible Heat and latent heat due to RH
3. Occupancy
4. Electrical Appliances
5. Instruments and other power loads

1. Heat gain through structures – walls, floor and roof

East wall
75 x 5 m2
(4167 sq.ft)

14 x 5 m2 75 x 14 m2 14 x 5 m2
785 sq. ft Floor ( 11700 sq. ft) (785 sq. Ft)
North wall 35°C South wall
35°C 35°C

West wall (NE facing)

75 x 5 m2
( 4167 sq.ft)
Sunlight

75 x 14 m2
Roof ( 11700 sq. ft)
35°C
1a. Through West Wall:

Control Room ( MCR + 1&2 CER) is a construction of Hollow bricks of 230mm with 15mm
cement plastering on either side.

Based on the table 21 at page 66, specific weight of structure is

For 8” hollow bricks : 37 lbs/sq. ft

For 5/8” plastering : 6 lbs/ sq. ft

Transient Co-efficient U = 0.37 BTU / hr/sq. ft/°F

Daily Temperature range = 40°C - 18°C

= 104 °F - 64°F =40°F
Room Design Temperature = 22°C = 72 °F
Outside Design Temperature = 40°C = 104°F

Equivalent temperature Difference ΔTe = 32°F for 20°F Design temperature range
(For weight 37 + 2x6 lbs/ sq. ft)
Correction factor of ΔTe ducts 40°F Design Temperature range in +7°F

Equivalent Temperature Difference ΔTe = 32 + 7 = 39°F

Heat Gain through west wall (NW facing) due to sunlight

= U A ΔTe
= 0.37 x 4167 x 39 = 60129 BTU / hr

1b. Through East Wall (due to high ambient temperature)

Outdoor temperature = 40 °C 104°F

Room Design Temperature = 22 °C 72°F

Heat Gain through east wall due to temperature difference

= U A ΔTe
= 0.37 x 4167 (104 -72) = 49337.28 Btu / hr

1c. North and South Walls

Heat Gain through North and South walls of building due to temperature difference.
Outside temperature = 35°C = 95 °F

= U A ΔTe
= 0.37 x (785 + 785) x (95 °F - 72°F )
= 13360.7 BTU / hr

1d. Floor and Roof structures

The floor and roof is a concrete structure of density assumed to 50lb/cu.ft with 5/8” plastering.
considering thickness of concrete slabs of 12” for operating floor and 10” for roof slab, values for
transient co-efficient taken from table 21 in page 1-66 as follows,
 Transient Co-efficient U = 0.2 BTU / hr/sq. ft/°F for floor

Transient Co-efficient U = 0.17 BTU / hr/sq. ft/°F for roof

Outdoor temperature = 95°F

Room Design Temperature = 22 °C 72°F

Heat gain through floor and room structure:

=U A ΔTe
= (0.2+0.17) X 11700 X (95-72)
=99567 BTU/hr

2. Ventilation (Air changes)

a. As per table 45, page 97, minimum CFM for person required for air change is 15cfm
(considering application as General Office) & number persons is taken as 20

= Air change = 15 x 20 = 300 cfm =18000ft3/hr

b. Based on floor area

CFM per sq. ft of floor = 0.25

= 0.25 x 11700 sq ft = 2900 cfm = 174000 ft3/hr

c. As per Design Manual : 2700 m3/hr = 92350ft3/hr

It is considered air change volume of 17400ft3/hr based on floor area to better evacuation of
Iodine from control room.

Outdoor conditions = 35°C 70% RH 95°F

Room design conditions = 22°C 50% RH 72°F

Sp volume at outdoor condition = 14.5 ft3/pound of dry air
Air change required = 5000 m3/hr = 1,76,575 ft3/hr
= 1,76,575 / 14.5 = 12177 lbs of dry air /hr
Enthalpy of outdoor as psychometric chart 50 BTU / lbs of dry air
Total Enthalpy = 50 x 12177
= 608873 BTU/hr

Sp. Volume at Design Room Condition = 12.7 ft3/pound of dry air

Air change required = 1,76,575 ft3/hr
= 1,76,575 / 12.7 = 13903 lbs of dry air /hr
Enthalpy of Room Design Condition = 27 BTU / lbs of dry air
Total Enthalpy = 13903 x 27 = 375396 BTU/hr
Heat (Enthalpy ) to be removed = 608873 – 375396
= 233477 BTU/hr

3. Occupancy: 20 persons

As per Table No. 48 in page 1-100, metabolism rate per person

Degree of activity: Standing & walking slowly = 518 BTU/hr(SH + LH)
 Room dry bulb temperature: 72OF SH:269 BTU/hr &
LH 249BTU/hr
Total Heat Gain from occupants = 518 x 20 = 10360 BTU/hr

4. Electrical Appliances & Equipments

No. of PCs = 32 of 300W reading 32 X 300W 9600 W 32800 BTU/hr

No. Of Light of 12W = 230 230 x 12W 2760 W 9430 BTU/hr
No. Of Pedestal Fans 4 X 180W 720 W 4305 BTU/hr
13080 W 46535 BTU/hr

5. Instruments, Power loads & Equipments

U-1 U-2
38KVA load 28595 W 22730 W 204860 BTU/hr
48 KV DC load 3293 W 5369 W 59985 W
3 Centrifugal Fans of 7.5 HP 16778 W 57300 BTU/hr
262160 BTU/hr

Total Heat loads considering above is 774932 BTU/hr.

Safety factor @12.5%, Effective room heat is 871800 BTU/hr =~ 72.6TR (1TR=12000 BTU/hr)

It is proposed to install 80TR air handling units considering additional loads due to heat through
cooling coil room walls and load due to cooling rate of total volume.