‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‬

‫∗‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪93‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻱ ﺩﻫﻘﻲ‬
‫∗∗‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﺑﻬﺮﺍﻣﻲ‬
‫‪94‬‬

‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﺓ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 35‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻬﻠـﻮﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻛﭙﻨﻬﺎگ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﻭ ﺭﺩﺓ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﻭﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﺷﺘﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 14‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻫﺎﻭگ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻮﻧﻴﺦ ﺭﻭﻧـﻮﻳﺲ ﺷـﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ K35‬ﻭ ‪ M14‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻭﺍژﻩﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺭﺩﺷﺘﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ 93/10/27 :‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ‪94/06/23 :‬‬

‫∗ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪mdehaghi@ut.ac.ir /‬‬
‫∗∗ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ )ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﺓ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ(‪/‬‬
‫‪asbahrami@yahoo.co.uk‬‬
 ‫‪ /134‬ﺁﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪57‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧـﻪ )ﭘﻬﻠـﻮﻱ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺑﺪ ﺯﺭﺩﺷـﺘﻴﺎﻥ ﭘـﺎﺭﺱ ﻭ ﻛﺮﻣـﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺪﺓ ﺳـﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺠﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﺍﻧﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭﺵ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺑﺪ ﺳـﻴﺮﺟﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺁﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺷﻨﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺗﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺷـﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧـﺮ ﺳـﺪﺓ ﻫﺠـﺪﻫﻢ ﻣـﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ‪1824) 1‬ـ‪1905‬ﻡ( ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﭼﻨـﺪ‬ ‫‪F95‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ »ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﺷﺮﻕ« ‪ 2‬ﭼﺎپ ﻛﺮﺩ؛ ﺳـﭙﺲ‬
‫‪F96‬‬

‫ﻫﻢ ﺍ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﻬﻤﻦﺟﻲ ﻧﺴﺮﻭﺍﻧﺠﻲ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ‪1869) 3‬ـ‪1952‬ﻡ( ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﻧﺴـﺨﻪ ﻣﺘﻨـﻲ‬
‫‪F97‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺤ‪‬ﺢ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺩﻭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﻥﺟ‪‬ـﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺩ‪‬ﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ــ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻫﺠﺪﻫﻢ »ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﺷﺮﻕ« ــ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﺓ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻚ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 35‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﭙﻨﻬﺎگ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻣﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﺭﺩﺓ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻓـﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳـﻖ ﺩﺳـﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 14‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻫﺎﻭگ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﺔ ﺩﻭﻟﺘـﻲ ﻣـﻮﻧﻴﺦ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ K35‬ﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ M14‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫)ﻧﻚ‪ :‬ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺩﻩ ـ ﭘﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ(‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺴـﺨﻪﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪1. Edward William West‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﺷﺮﻕ )‪ (The Sacred Books of the East‬ﻛﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻛﺲ ﻣﻮﻟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﻫﻤﻜـﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺎﻩ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 1879‬ﺗﺎ ‪1910‬ﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻛﺴـﻔﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻨﺘﺸـﺮ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪3. Ervad Bahmanji Nusserwanji Dhabhar‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ‪135 /‬‬

‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪K 35‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ K35‬ﻛﻪ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﺓ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨـﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜـﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻣـﺘﻦ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮﺍﺩﺭ ﻣﻨـﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺳـﺖ‬
‫)‪ :1882‬ﭘﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ( ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﺓ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ K35‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﻠﺲ ﻟﻮﺩﻭﻳـﮓ ﻭِﺳـﺘ‪‬ﺮﮔﺎﺭﺩ ‪1815) 4‬ــ‪1878‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻭﺭﺷـﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫‪F98‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﻤﺎﺭﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪1843‬ﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﺵ ﺑﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ‪ 9‬ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ‪ 1878‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﭙﻨﻬﺎگ ﺍﻫﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ 5 .‬ﻭﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫‪F9‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ژﻭﺋﻦ ‪ 1878‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻧﻴﺦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺳﺘﺮﮔﺎﺭﺩ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ‪ K35‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏـﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮگ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻳﻴﺔ ﻭﺳﺘﺮﮔﺎﺭﺩ ﭼﺴـﺒﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫)ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻦﺳﻦ ‪.(5/3 :1934‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ‪ 181‬ﺑﺮگ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ )ﺣﺮﻭﻓﻲ ﻭ ﻋـﺪﺩﻱ( ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻻﺗﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ‪ 71‬ﺑﺮگ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻭ ــ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻤـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ــ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 35‬ﺑﺮگ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮگ ‪72‬‬
‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮگ ‪ 254‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 78‬ﻭ ‪ 140‬ﻧﻴـﺰ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺟﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 130‬ﻭ ‪ 131‬ﻧﻴـﺰ ﺑـﻪ ﻫﻤـﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺍً ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻫﻤﺎﻧﺠﺎ؛ ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،47‬ﺩﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗـﻊ ﻫـﻴﭻﻳـﻚ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ــ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻱﺟﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﺨـﺪﻭﺵ ﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻙ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ــ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺗﺐ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋـﻴﻦ ﻧـﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫‪4. Niels Ludvig Westergaard‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻭﺳﺘﺮﮔﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻱ ﺳﻨﺪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ )ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻦﺳﻦ ‪.(5/3 :1934‬‬
 ‫‪ /136‬ﺁﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪57‬‬

‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺸـﻬﺎﻱ ﺳـﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﻜـﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺮگ ‪206‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﺱ ‪ 4‬ـ‪ ،220‬ﺱ ‪1‬؛ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺑﺮگ ‪220‬پ‪ ،‬ﺱ ‪ 1‬ـ ‪213‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﺱ ‪1‬؛ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻡ‪ :‬ﺑﺮگ ‪ 231‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﺱ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ ،233‬ﺱ ‪) 10‬ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﻦﺳـﻦ ‪ .(7/4 :1934‬ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﻧﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮ ﺳﻄﺮ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫ﻧﺴــﺨﺔ ‪ K35‬ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺑــﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ‪1934‬ﻡ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﻣــﺔ ﺁﺭﺗــﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﻳﺴــﺘﻦﺳــﻦ‬
‫‪F10‬‬

‫)‪1875‬ـ‪1945‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻠﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﭼﺎپ ﻋﻜﺴﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻛﭙﻨﻬﺎگ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨـﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠـﻮﻱ ﻣﺆﺳﺴـﺔ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﺎپ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨـﺶ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ )ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 47‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ( ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ »ﺭﻭﺍﻳـﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠـﻮﻱ ‪» ،«1‬ﺩﺍﺩﺳـﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﻲ«‪ ،‬ﻭ »ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ‪ «2‬؛ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ )ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ 41‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ »ﻧﺎﻣـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ« ﻭ »ﮔﺰﻳﺪﺓ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ« )ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥﻛﻪ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭻﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ K35‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ‪ B‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ـــ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨـﻚ ‪BK‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ )ﻧﻚ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ( ــ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ B‬ﻳـﺎ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎً ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ K35‬ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻧﺨﺴـﺖ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‪ B‬ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣـﺔ ‪K35‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ B‬ﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺮﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻭ‪‬ﻫﺮﺍﻡ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻬﻤﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻥ )ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ( ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪941‬‬
‫)ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪ 19‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪ (1572‬ﺩﺭ »ﺩﻫﻴﮕﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ« ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻧـﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪،41‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ(‪ .‬ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮگ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ BK‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮگ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺴـﺨﻪ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ )ﻭﺳـﺖ ‪:1882‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ(‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺧﻂ ﺩﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ )ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،41‬ﺩﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ K35‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ‬
‫‪6. Arthur Christensen‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ‪137 /‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﻮﺷﺘﻲ ــ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻭﺍﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ــ ﻓـﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻨـﻚ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺘﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺩ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﻴـﺔ ﻣـﺘﻦ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺳـﺘﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‪ W‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ‪ :1912‬ﻫﺠﺪﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺎﻥﻛﻪ ﺍﺷـﺎﺭﻩ ﺷـﺪ‪ BK ،‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﺷـﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪ K35‬ﻣـﻲﺩﺍﻧـﺪ؛ ﺯﻳـﺮﺍ ﺣـﺎﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺋﺖ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻥ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﻛـﻪ ‪ BK‬ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎً ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪K35‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺁﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ K35‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪ 32‬ﺑـﺮگ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺗـﺐ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺑﺮگ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺭﺍ ﮔﻢ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻧﻮﺷﺖ ‪ K35‬ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮگ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘـﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻲ ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﻤﺸﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻌﺪﺍً ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ‪) J‬ﻧﻚ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ( ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺑﺮگ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ TK‬ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻛﺮﺩ(‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ‪ BK‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪ 71‬ﺑﺮگ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻩ ﺑﺮگ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ‪ K35‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﻧﻬﺪ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ K35‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪pad nām ud ayārīh ī dādār Ohrmazd ud wispān yazadān, hamāg‬‬
‫‪yazadān mēnōgān [ud] yazadān gētīgān . . .‬‬
‫»ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻭﺭﻣﺰﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺔ ﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺔ ﺍﻳﺰﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﻨﻮﻱ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺘﻴﮕﻲ ‪«...‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪. . . az xwāhišnān widišnān čiš-ē ahlāyīh meh, weh [ud] pāšom. ast‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪[…] zarduxšt. ēk hast rāh ī pāšom ahlāyīh kē rāh ī pōryōtkēšān, wisp‬‬
‫‪10F‬‬

‫‪any abāz-waštag a-rāhīh.‬‬

‫»‪ . . .‬ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ]ﺍﺳﺖ[‪ .‬ﺯﺭﺩﺷـﺖ‬
‫]‪ [...‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ]ﻫﻤﺎﻧﺎ[ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭘﻮﺭﻳﻮﺗﻜﻴﺸـﺎﻥ )ﭘﻴﺸـﻮﺍﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﻲ( ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ]ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎ[ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺘﻪ )ﻣﻨﺤﺮﻑ( ]ﻭ[ ﺑﻴﺮﺍﻫﻲ‪«.‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﻳﻚ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﻧﺎ‪.‬‬

 ‫‪ /138‬ﺁﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪57‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ‪ K35‬ﻫﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺳﺪﺓ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺭﻳﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﻬﻤـﻮﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﺸﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﻜﻠﺴﺎﺭﻳﺎ ‪1842) 8‬ـ‪ ،(1903‬ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫‪F102‬‬

‫ﻧﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﺍ ‪ TK‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪ 227‬ﺑﺮگ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﻔﺘـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺮگ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﭘﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ ﺑﺮگ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨـﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿـﻌﻴﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪ K35‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫‪ K35‬ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻲﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺘﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺑﺮگ ﮔﻤﺸﺪﺓ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ BK‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺑـﺮگ ﺁﺧـﺮ ‪ BK‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﻀﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺗـﺐ ﺁﻥ ﮔﺸﺘﺎﺳـﺐ ﺷـﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻬﻤﺮﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﮔﺸﺘﺎﺳـﺐ ﻇـﺎﻫﺮﺍً‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﭘﺪﺭﺑﺰﺭگ ﻣﺮﺯﺑﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪ BK‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ K35‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪ TK‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫـﺪ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ‪ TK‬ﺩﻭ ﻧﺴﻞ ﻛﻬﻨﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ K35‬ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ ـ ﻫﻔﺪﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﻧﻮﻳﺴﺪ‪ :‬ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ TK‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻮﺑﺪﺍﻥﻣﻮﺑـﺪ ﭘﺎﺭﺳـﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻫﻮﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺟﺎ )ﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ (11‬ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ ‪ K35‬ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ )ﻭﺳـﺖ ‪:1882‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺪﻩ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺩﺓ ‪M 14‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺩﺓ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ ﻗـﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﺳﺪﺓ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﻭ ﺳـﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻫـﻢ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻧﻴﺦ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ‪ M14‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺭﺍ »ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﺼﺖ ﻭ ﭘـﻨﺞ‬
‫‪8. Tahmuras Dinshah Anklesaria‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ‪139 /‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ« ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺮﺩﻳـﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑـﻪ ﮔﻔﺘـﺔ ﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺸﻮﺗﻦﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻬﻞ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺳـﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ‪ J‬ـــ ﻛـﻪ ﮔﻮﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ـــ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺘﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻛـﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻥ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭼﻨـﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺷﻦ ]ﻫﺠﺪﻫﻢ[ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1188‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ« )ﺑﺮﺍﺑـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ‪ 21‬ﺩﺳـﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬
‫‪ (1818‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﭘﺎﺭﺳﻴﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺩﺳﺖﻛﻢ‬
‫‪ 65‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﻫﻔﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ‪ .(1‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻲﻧﻮﻳﺴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﺍﻥﺟﻴﺒﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﺠﻲ ﭘﺎﺗﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌـﻲ ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺮﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺳﻪﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﻬـﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ BK‬ﻳﺎﻓـﺖ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﻲ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﻬـﺎ ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡﺷﺪﺓ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ؛ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﺱ ﺯﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ‪ J‬ــ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ــ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﺑﻨـﺪ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﻫﻔﺪﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ J‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﻴﺨﺴﺮﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺟﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺁﺳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﺠـﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﺻﻼﺡﺷﺪﺓ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ K35‬ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ‪ BK‬ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﻧﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺨﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،7‬ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ ،4‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ »ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺷﻦ ]ﻫﺠﺪﻫﻢ[ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1188‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ«‬
‫)ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪ 21‬ﺩﺳﺎﻣﺒﺮ ‪ (1818‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ )ﺗﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪،6‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ (2‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ‪ 12‬ﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ ‪ 1841‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ‪ BK‬ﺭﻭﻧـﻮﻳﺲ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1882‬ﻫﺠﺪﻩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺣـﺎﻭﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﺳـﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺑﺪﺍﻥﻣﻮﺑﺪ ﭘﺎﺭﺳﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪M14‬‬
 ‫‪ /140‬ﺁﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪57‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴـﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 1865‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ 1868‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﺪ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻭﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻬﻤﻦﺟﻲ ﻧﺴﺮﻭﺍﻧﺠﻲ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸـﮕﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺳـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 1912‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﻋـﻼﻭﻩ ﺑـﺮ ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺳﺖ )ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ BK‬ﻭ ‪ (J‬ﻭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺔ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﺳـﺖ )‪ (W‬ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ‪ MR‬ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ‪ 456‬ﺑﺮگ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻬﺮﺟﻲ ﺭﺍﻧﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﮔﺠﺮﺍﺗـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺗﻴﺸﺘﺮ )ﺳﻴﺰﺩﻫﻢ( ﻣﺎﻩ ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1242‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔـﺮﺩﻱ )‪1872‬ﻡ( ﺑـﻪ ﻗﻠـﻢ ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺮﺝﺟﻲ ﺳﻬﺮﺍﺏﺟﻲ ﻣﻬﺮﺟﻲ ﺭﺍﻧﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺗﺒﺎﻥ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﺯ ‪) TK‬ﺑﻌﺪﺍً ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ‪ (TD‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ TK‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﮔﻮﭘﺖﺷﺎﻩ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻬﻤﻮﺭﺱ ﺍﻧﻜﻠﺴـﺎﺭﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻳـﺮﺝﺟـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ ‪) TK‬ﻳـﺎ ‪ (TD‬ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻼ ﻓﻴﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ )ﻭﺳﺖ ‪ :1880‬ﺳﻲ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﻪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻬﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻪ؛ ﻫﻤﻮ ‪ :1882‬ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ؛ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ‪19 :1912‬ـ‪20‬؛ ﻫﻤﻮ ‪4 :1923‬ـ‪5‬؛ ﻫﻤﻮ ‪12 :1925‬ـ‪13‬؛‬
‫ﻭﻳﻠﻴﺎﻣﺰ ‪.(21 :1990‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ‪ MR1‬ﺑﺎﺯ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻬﺮﺟﻲ ﺭﺍﻧـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺝﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺗﻴﺸـﺘﺮ )ﺳـﻴﺰﺩﻫﻢ(‬
‫ﺦ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻣﻴﻨـﻮﭼﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻩ ﻣﻬﺮ ‪ 1236‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ )‪1867‬ﻡ( ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﺴـﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﭼﺎ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫـﺎ )ﺗـﺎ ﻧﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،6‬ﺑﻨـﺪ ‪ (2‬ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )ﺩﺍﺑـﺎﺭ ‪20 :1912‬؛ ﻫﻤـﻮ ‪12 :1923‬؛ ﻫﻤـﻮ ‪12 :1925‬؛ ﻭﻳﻠﻴـﺎﻣﺰ‬
‫‪.(21 :1990‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ MR‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣـﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺘﻨﻲ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﺳـﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣـﺘﻦ ﻧـﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺷﺪﺓ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨـﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ‪141 /‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧﺴــﺨﻪ ﻧﺎﻣــﻪﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑـﺮگ ‪ 380‬ﺱ ‪ 6‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 452‬ﺱ ‪ 10‬ﺟــﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥﻛﻪ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻴﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ 9 :‬ﺗﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ‪،‬‬
‫‪F103‬‬

‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،5‬ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ 12‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮگ ‪ 380‬ﺱ ‪ 6‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 449‬ﺱ ‪ 12‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ )ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ( ﺍﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،5‬ﺍﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ 16‬ﺗـﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ 6‬ﺍﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ 2‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑـﺮگ ‪ 451‬ﺱ ‪ 4‬ﺗـﺎ ‪ 452‬ﺱ ‪10‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ )ﺑﺮگ ‪ 452‬ﺱ ‪ (10‬ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻛـﻪ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫـﺪ ﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮگ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮگ ‪ 455‬ﺱ ‪ 8‬ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮگ ‪ 456‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﻫﺴﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺁﻧﻜـﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻴﺮﺑﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺝﺟﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﻬﺮﺍﺏﺟﻲ ﺩﺳـﺘﻮﺭ ﻛـﺎﻭﻭﺱﺟـﻲ ﻣﻬﺮﺟـﻲﺭﺍﻧـﺎ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺮﺑﺪ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﭼﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﺰﺩ )؟( ‪ 1236‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ )‪1867‬ﻡ( ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻧـﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،3‬ﭘﻴﺸـﮕﻔﺘﺎﺭ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺝﺟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻓـﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘـﻪ ﺑﺨـﺶ‬
‫ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺖ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﺔ ‪ D7‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻼ ﻓﻴﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ )ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ‪20 :1912‬؛ ﻫﻤﻮ ‪12 :1923‬؛ ﻫﻤـﻮ ‪12 :1925‬؛‬
‫ﻭﻳﻠﻴﺎﻣﺰ ‪ (21 :1990‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻠـﺪ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻬﺮﺟﻲﺭﺍﻧﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻧـﺎﻗﺺ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮﻱ‬
‫)ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ‪ (MR1‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻣــﻪﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﻨــﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋــﺔ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪) 60‬ﺑﺮﮔﻬــﺎﻱ‬
‫‪114‬ـ‪ (178‬ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﺁﻥ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻬـﺮﺍﻡ )ﺑﻴﺴـﺘﻢ( ﻣـﺎﻩ ﺩﻱ ‪1187‬‬
‫ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ‪.(130 :1925‬‬
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﭼﺎپ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺴـﺨﺔ‬
‫‪ K35‬ﻭ ‪ D7‬ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺫﻛﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﺓ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ‪ TD4a‬ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺩﻳﺒﺎﭼﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﺎپ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻤﻮﺭﺱ ﺩﻳﻨﺸﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﻜﻠﺴﺎﺭﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺰﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮﺑﺪ ﺗﻴﺮﺍﻧـﺪﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺩﺷﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺪ ﺭﺳـﻴﺪ ‪ 135‬ﺻـﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻏـﺎﺯ ﻭ ﭼﻨـﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ‪ TK‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪ /142‬ﺁﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪57‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻬﻤﻮﺭﺱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻓــﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﺴــﺨﻪ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤــﺔ ﺑﺮﮔﻬــﺎ )ﭼــﻪ ﻗــﺪﻳﻢ ﻭ ﭼــﻪ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ(‬
‫ﻫﻔﺪﻩﺳﻄﺮﻱﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻧﻮﺍﻗﺺ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻻﺗﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ‪ 315‬ﻭ ‪ 594‬ﺗـﺎ ‪ 610‬ﺳـﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ 10 .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ )ﺑﺮگ ‪ 563‬ﺱ ‪16‬‬ ‫‪F104‬‬

‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 564‬ﺱ ‪ (4‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺒﺎﺩﺷﺎﻩ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﺴــﺨﻪ )گ ‪ 611‬ﺱ ‪ 4‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 612‬ﺱ ‪ (4‬ﻛــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳــﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ‪BK‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻫﺮﺍﻡ ﺭﺳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻬﻤﺮﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻥ )ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻔـﺘﻢ( ﻣـﺎﻩ ﺍﻣـﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫‪ 951‬ﻳﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻱ )‪1592‬ﻡ( ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،52‬ﺩﻳﺒﺎﭼـﻪ(‪ .‬ﻧﺴـﺨﻪ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﻬﺎﺳﺖ‪ .1 :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨـﻲ‪ .2 ،‬ﺩﺍﺩﺳـﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨـﻲ‪ .3 ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻳـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻲ‪ .4 ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‪ .5 ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ .6 ،‬ﻣﺘﻨﻲ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﺴﭙﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮگ ‪ 401‬ﺱ ‪ 10‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 471‬ﺱ ‪ 12‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺴـﺨﻪﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻼﻓﻴﺮﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺷﺮﻕﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻤﺒﺌـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ TD4a‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻠﺪ ﭘﻨﺠـﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨـﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ـ ﺗﻔﻀﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،1376 ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺷﺶ ژﺍﻟﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﮔﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺕﺩ‪4‬ﺍﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ‪ ،...‬ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪،52‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺨﺴﺮﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺍﺳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ‪1356 ،‬ﺵ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺩ ‪ :7‬ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪ ،...‬ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ ‪ ،3‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺨﺴﺮﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﺎﺳﭗﺍﺳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ‪1355 ،‬ﺵ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻙ ‪ 35‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﻣﮕﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺰﻳﺪﺓ ﺯﺍﺩﺳﭙﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺴـﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻬﻠـﻮﻱ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،41‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ‪1355 ،‬ﺵ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﭼﺎپ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
143 / ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‬

.7 ‫ ← ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺩ‬3 ‫ ﺝ‬،‫ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‬

.‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‬35 ‫ ← ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻙ‬41 ‫ ﺝ‬،‫ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻒ‬4‫ ← ﺩﺳﺘﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﺕﺩ‬52 ‫ ﺝ‬،‫ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻲ‬
-Christensen, Arthur 1934 →Codices Avestici ….
Codices Avestici et Pahlavici Bibliothecae Universitatis Hafniensis, Vols. III
and IV: The Pahlavi Codex K35, in Two Parts, With an Introduction by
Arthur Christensen, Copenhagen, 1934.
-Dhabhar, B. N. (ed.), 1912, The Epistles of Mānūshchīhar, Bombay.
-Dhabhar, B. N. (ed.), 1923, Descriptive Catalogue of Some Manuscripts
Bearing on Zoroastrianism and Pertaining to the Different Collections in the
Mulla Feroze Library, Bombay.
-Dhabhar, B. N. (ed.), 1925, Descriptive Catalogue of All Manuscripts in the
First Dastur Mehrji Library, Navsari, Bombay.
-West, E. W. , (tr.), 1880, Pahlavi Texts Part I. The Bundahis-Bahman Yast,
and Shāyast Lā-Shāyast, Sacred Books of the East XVIII, Oxford.
-West, E. W. , (tr.), 1882, Pahlavi Texts Part II. The Dâdistân-î dînîk and the
Epistles of Mānūškîhar, Sacred Books of the East XVIII, Oxford.
-Williams, A. , (tr.), 1990, The Pahlavi Rivāyat Accompanying the Dādestān
ī Dēnīg, Part I: Transliteration, Transcription and Glossary, Copenhagen.
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‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪K35‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪K35‬‬