Fluid Machines (Assignment No1)

Q1. Explain how hydraulic turbines are classified?

Q2. Explain the function of draft tube in case of reaction turbines.

Q3. What is cavitation? How does it affect the performance of hydraulic turbines?

Q4. What is the main difference between impulse and reaction turbine.

Q5 Explain why priming is necessary to start pumping by centrifugal pump.

Q6. What are the types of casings used in centrifugal pumps?

Q7. Differentiate between the volute casing and vortex casing for centrifugal pump.

Q8. What is an air vessel? Describe the function of the air vessel for reciprocating pumps.

Q9 A Pelton turbine running at 250 rpm under a head of 200 m develops 10000
kw.Coefficient of 0.45,Wheel Diameter/Jet Diameter =10.Determine (i)Flow rate
required(ii)Wheel Diameter(iii) Diameter of jet and number of jets and (iv) Specific
Speed.

Q10 The jet velocity in a pelton turbine is 65 m/s.The peripheral velocity of runner is 25
m/s.The jet is deflected by 1600 by the bucket.Determine the power developed and
hydraulic efficiency of the turbine for a flow rate of 0.9 m3/s.The blade friction
coefficient is 0.9.

Q11 A pelton turbine running at 720 rpm uses 300 kg of water per second .If the head
available is 425 m ,Determine the hydraulic efficiency.The bucket deflect the jet by
1650.Also find the diameter of the runner and jet.{Assume Cv=0.97, speed ratio=0.46
and Blade velocity coefficient is 0.9.}

Q12 The Diameters of an impeller of a centrifugal pump at inlet and outlet are 30cm and 60
cm respectively .Determine the minimum starting speed of the pump if it works against a
head of 30m.