Effectiveness of Coffee vs Chocolate in the Attentiveness of the Senior High

Students in Our Lady of Fatima, Quezon City

A thesis presented to

Our Lady of Fatima University

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the requirement for the subject

Practical Research 2

Alonzo, John Carlos

Boydon, Christian

Rivera, Kyle

Bautista, Mary Joy

Cantere, Maevilen

Rubillos, Mharjay

San Pascual, Crystallene

Mr. Vladimir Marc Azares Batayan

(Research Adviser)

August 2018
 Chapter 1

The problem and its Background

Introduction

Lack of focus due to the exhaustion is the very common of the senior high school
students now a day. Requirements, quizzes, activities, report and performance task all at
once can lead to a lot of energy usage that's why senior high school students become
sleepy and get easily tired. Coffee and chocolate are good choice for ABM senior high
school students and anyone else who need to improve sustained attention and energy.
This study will you information on how to improve and maintain your level of
attentiveness and be more energetic until the end of class and sustain all long term
solutions in the middle of class. It can be more useful in the senior high school students to
become lively in participating school activities and performances.

Coffee is made up of bruises, it have caffeine to help the student to be aware.

Chocolate is made up of cacao, it has a glucose and sugar content that will help student to
boost energy. Coffee and chocolate both give energy and boost energy attention but have
different effect on the students.

The variable chosen for this research are senior high school ABM students. Inside
the classroom, students commonly get easily tired, get sleep, bored and sometimes get
mentally absent. Due to the lack of focus they usually forget the lesson being taught and
could to lower scores and can affect their school performances. The hypothesis of this
study is to prove that there is a significance difference between coffee and chocolate in
giving energy and maintain the level of attentiveness to ABM senior high school
students. This study is an experimental research and it involves the collection of data
through observations.

The variable, chosen the experimental research are Our Lady of Fatima University
Regalado, Quezon City. Inside the room, the common respondents are those in the
backseats of the room. The first outcome is to prove that there is an effect in level of
attentiveness of the SHS students by drinking chocolate or coffee. The secondary
outcome is there are similar and different content that can boost their attentiveness and
their focus. Lastly, the main outcome is which is most preferable to drink in the students
and which is more effective to boost the attention of the students.

Statement of the Problem:

1. What are the Demographic Profiles of Senior High School Respondents?

1.1. Age
1.2. Gender
1.3. Section
2. Does Coffee and Chocolate affect the academic performances of the students?
2.1. Scores of respondents who take chocolate
2.2. Scores of respondents who take coffee
2.3. Scores of the control

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference between effects of coffee vs chocolate in the

attentiveness of the senior high school students.

There is a significant relationship between coffee and maintaining the

attentiveness of the senior high school students that could result in getting a high grade.

Significance of the Study

The possible outcome of the experiment is that, majority of the students who in
take the coffee will get the highest scores in the test to prove that the coffee will be the
best source of energy and to boost their level of attentiveness in the class. Some of the
user of chocolate will get the attentiveness they want but it wasn’t enough to reach the
level of the coffee's content.

The researchers focused on the effectiveness of coffee and chocolate in the

attentiveness of the senior high school students. The attentiveness is the action of paying
attention to something but they lose it during class hours due to the reasons of the
temperature of the room, when they are mentally pressured in the school and lastly when
they did not eat their lunch before class hours. Since they both have the almost the same
content, coffee is the most preferable to drink in the modern times when it comes to
boosting our attention in the class. This is the content of coffee and how it affects the
attentiveness of the student; Caffeine also affects two key hormones: cortisol and
adrenaline. Grinder explains that adrenaline increases alertness, heart rate, blood pressure
and body movement. “Cortisol is the body’s main stress hormone, and it increases the
body’s stress response.” In addition, caffeine increases the activity of a group of neurons
known as cholinergic neurons, which are involved in attention and arousal, Grider adds.
This is another reason for the short-term increase in focus on a test or work project, for
example, that is associated with caffeine intake.

The researcher will make the description of the effectiveness of coffee vs

chocolate in the attentiveness of the senior high school student. This study will describe
the assessment of effectiveness of the coffee and chocolate in the attentiveness of the
senior high school students through the use of test after they drink the coffee and
chocolate.

After gathering data, the researcher will be able to understand how do coffee and
chocolate affects the attentiveness of senior high school students and which is the most
reliable to drink to gain more energy and sustain the energy level in first subject till the
last subject of their class.

The researchers selected senior high school in Our Lady of Fatima University
Regalado, Quezon City. The selected students will be going to answer the test
questionnaire after they drink the coffee and chocolate given by the researcher and the
score of their test will be the base for what is the most preferable to drink when it comes
to boosting of the attentiveness.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

 The purpose of this study is to determine whether Coffee or Chocolate is more
effective in the attentiveness of selected Senior High School students from Our Lady of
Fatima University Regalado. The researchers selected seventy-five (75) using Convenient
Sampling. However, with a minimal amount of the following population of the students
and by the mandate of the authority, the observation was conducted only in Our Lady of
Fatima University at Regalado. The respondents will be given Coffee at the first day and
day after with the same respondents. They will also be given Chocolate prepared by the
researchers. From that, we’re going to analyze the scores of the subjects and that will be
the basis of what is more effective

Definition of terms

Academic performance - refers to the percentage of marks obtained by the pupils on each
subjects (IGI, 2017)
- refers to the outcome of education

Attentiveness - showing care for the needs or desires of others (Olin College, 1997)
- the state of being awake, alert and actively paying attention

Beverage - any one of various liquids for drinking (Collins, 1979)

- a drinkable liquid

Caffeine - a chemical found in coffee and tea that is a stimulant (Cambridge, 1995)
- is chemical substance found in coffee, tea and cocoa

Coffee - a beverage made from the ground seeds of a coffee plant (Oxford, 1998)
- a drink that boost energy

Chocolate - is a sweet hard food made from cocoa beans (Collins, 1979)
- food usually eaten as a dessert

Cocoa - a dark brown powder made from the crushed beans of a tree (Cambridge, 1995)
- a chocolate powder made from roasted and ground cocoa seeds.
Energy - energy is defined as the physical system to perform work (Though, 2001)
- the power and ability to be physically and mentally active

Exhaustion - a state of extreme physical or mental tiredness (Oxford, 1998)

- being extremely tired

Glucose - the simple sugar that is the chief source of energy (Britannica, 1868)
- is a type of sugar that gives you energy.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1.1

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 There is no
significant
1. Demographic difference between
Profile: effects of coffee vs
 Data Gathering
 Age, chocolate in the
 Interpreting of
 Gender attentiveness of the
data
 Section senior high school
 Analysis
students.
 Observation
2. Does Coffee and  There is a significant
Chocolate affect the  Evaluation relationship between
academic coffee and
performances of the maintaining the
students? attentiveness of the
senior high school
students that could
result in getting a
high grade
This study employed the input process output as illustrated in Figure 1.1 . The
input of the study of Effectiveness of Coffee vs. Chocolate in attentiveness in a students
is its effect in the academic performances of the students. The process involved Data
gathering, interpreting of data, analysis and observation. The expected output of this
study is there is no significant difference between effects of coffee vs chocolate in the
attentiveness of the senior high school students.
 Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter is a review of the related literature of The Effects of Coffee vs.
Chocolate in the attentiveness of Senior High School students. The researcher has gone
through intensive readings of materials, both printed and downloaded through internet
which has great significance to the problem during the courses of thesis writing. This
enables SHS students to use an instant energy boast through the content of chocolate and
coffee. These can maintain mental alertness and gives a highly level of focus on the
issues of the SHS Students in the university

Chocolate and coffee seem to go together perfectly. Think of a double-shot mocha

at the corner coffee shop. Coffee nowadays is a drink of tonic for many people. It has
become essential to live for almost everyone. While Chocolate usually become one of the
preferred drinks of Kids. Yet, the two ingredients appear to have opposite effects on a
person's attentiveness.

A. Local
Boosting Cognitive Performance

According to the paper “Enhancing Human Cognition with Cocoa Flavonoids”,

published on the website Frontiers in Nutrition (2015), Italian researchers have found that
cocoa bean’s rich flavanol content helps in boosting cognitive performance. Flavanol is a
kind of antioxidant important for maintaining body health.

The scientists found in their trials that participants showed better working
memory performance and improved visual information processing. This meant that they
could perform tasks better than someone who did not ingest any cocoa after a sleepless
night. While the study’s authors, Valentina Socci and Michele Ferrara from the
University of L’Aquila in Italy, focused on young and healthy adults, previous studies
cited on the paper investigated the effects of cocoa flavanols on the elderly.
 These prior studies found that cocoa flavanols greatly affected their processing
speed, attention, working memory and verbal fluency. With this study in mind, it’s
tempting to just start wolfing down cocoa and chocolate to get some brain power boost.
However, keep in mind that chocolate products in the market include various additives,
such as milk and sugar that may not be good for one’s health when taken in excess.
Cocoa also naturally contains caffeine, so consuming large quantities of something like
80% to 90% dark chocolate may produce side effects equal to drinking too much coffee.

Cardiovascular Showdown

The study of Aznaouridi (2017), regarding the beneficial properties in chocolate's

rich supply of cocoa flavonoids naturally occurring antioxidants. In some cases, the
flavonoids appear to keep blood platelets from making the blood too thick and sticky.
Other times, they elevate a person's good cholesterol, the type called high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol. Especially impressive, test-tube studies have shown that the
flavonoids from chocolate relax and dilate blood vessels surgically removed from
animals. If that happens in people, it means chocolate could lower blood pressure and
thus reduce the risk of heart attack and other heart disease. Chocolate and coffee seem to
go together perfectly. Think of a double shot mocha at the corner coffee shop. Yet, the
two ingredients appear to have opposite effects on a person's arteries, according to two
new studies. Chocolate is good for them, whereas coffee or at least its caffeine does
damage.

Caffeine turns on tension

According to Sinatra (2013), "I participated in that study of Dr. Vlachopoulos and
had to eat that big dark chocolate bar. It was so bad. So bitter," recalls cardiologist
Stephen Sinatra. As a milk chocolate aficionado, he says that dark chocolate proved to be
more medicine than a treat. As a coffee lover, Sinatra was inspired to test dilation of the
arteries in people drinking decaf and regular. His team had healthy volunteers drink a cup
of coffee containing no more than 2 milligrams of caffeine or a whopping 80 milligrams
of the stimulant.
Ideal Beverage
The study of Lewis (2011), coffee proves to be an ideal beverage within the
society. This is based on its roles and functions in enhancing interactions and
communications or relationships within the society. It is ideal to have coffee shops that
operate on daily basis thus serving the needs and preferences of the population in the
context. In the context of this research, students and the other relevant consumers require
coffee for several reasons. One of the most essential reasons for the consumption of
coffee by students is the need to stay refreshed and focused for most of the time. This is
an illustration on why most students and the staff of numerous universities prefer coffee
shops that operate on a 24/7 basis thus addressing their refreshment needs From this
perspective, coffee plays a critical role in the enhancement of the performance of students
within the institutions. Coffee also plays a critical role in the bonding aspect of human
existence.

The study of Balch (2009) regarding the various individual including students
make coffee shops their meeting points to interact on personal and common issues. These
interactions range from social communication or meeting to personal relationships
between couples and girlfriend and boyfriend interaction. It is ideal to note that coffee is
an aspect or component for bonding as it is reflection of friendship and togetherness
among the students and other stake holders. Most individuals also depend on coffee for
biological reasons. These may include prevention or delaying of certain diseases
(Parkinson's disease), elimination of rectal cancer, prevention of dizziness especially
among the old population, and elimination of certain types of diabetes. In the act of
consuming coffee, it is ideal to obtain effective and efficient services thus ability to save
time and energy. Adoption and implementation of drive-thru services acts towards the
automation of activities within the coffee shops.

B. Foreign
Caffeine intake
 According to Hopkins (2008) shows that performance increases due to caffeine
intake are the result of caffeine drinkers experiencing a short-term reversal of caffeine
withdrawal. The essence of coming off caffeine reduces your cognitive performance and
has a negative impact on your mood. Drinking caffeine triggers the release of adrenaline.
When caffeine puts your brains and body into this hyper-aroused state, your emotions
overrun your behavior. The negative effects of a caffeine-generated adrenaline surge are
not just behavioral.

Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found that large doses of caffeine

raise blood pressure, stimulate the heart, and produce rapid shallow breathing, which
readers of Emotional Intelligence2.0 know deprives the brain of oxygen needed to keep
your thinking calm & rational. For you to wake up feeling rested your brain needs to
move through an elaborate series of cycles. You can help this process along and improve
the quality of your sleep by reducing your caffeine intake. Caffeine has a six-hour half-
life, which means it takes a full 24 hours to work its way out of your system. Have a cup
of Joe at 8 A.M. and you will still have 25% of caffeine in your body at 8 p.m.
Withdrawal from Caffeine The caffeine withdrawal syndrome has been well-
characterized in numerous rigorous double-blind studies.

Caffeine substance
The study of Chawla (2018) regarding caffeine is that it is the most widely used
psychoactive substance and has sometimes been considered a drug of abuse. This article
summarizes the available data on its neurologic effects.

Classic drugs of abuse lead to specific increases in cerebral functional activity and
dopamine release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens (the key neural structure for
reward, motivation, and addiction). In contrast, caffeine at doses reflecting daily human
consumption does not induce a release of dopamine in the shell of the nucleus accumbens
but leads to a release of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex, which is consistent with its
reinforcing properties.
Filipinos trust word-of-mouth recommendations the most - Nielsen

According to Deocareza (2015), Coffee remains to be the go to beverage of

Filipinos for an instant pick - me-up or energy boast. According to Kantar World panel,
among coffee varieties, the 3-in-1 mixes drive the growth in sales. Markets that are
driving the sales of coffee mixes are Mesopotamia, South America, and Milan. The study
said that consumers from metro manila and Mindanao spend P193 and P110 more on the
average, respectively., coffee sales grew 10 percent in June 2015, compared to it'd four
percent in the same month last year.

Data from the study showed that the increase of purchases of coffee mixes has
been consistent for the past two years and that 93 percent of Filipino homes buy coffee
mixes at least once a week. Buyer were found to be typically Metro Manila and urban-
based and from homes with a relatively older demographic. "Filipinos" love for coffee is
growing stronger by the year. Our data reflects their openness to embrace different format
of coffee products as well. We anticipate this category growth to continue in the coming
years." Deocareza explained.

Chocolates improve brain function

According to Reichelt (2016), everyone loves a study that turns one of our
favourite vices into a health benefit. This week, the news headlines tell us “eating
chocolate improves brain function” and that it “could help protect against normal age-
related decline”. The study, published this month in the peer-reviewed journal Appetite,
found that memory and abstract thinking improved in those reporting more chocolate
consumption. These effects were reported not to be influenced by factors such as age,
weight and general health measures. Before you reach for a Mars bar or a Dairy Milk,
let’s take a step back. This is a correlational study. That means it shows an association
between people who reported regularly eating chocolate and better scores on brain
function tests. It doesn’t show that chocolate consumption directly improves brain
function. Other factors are also at play. The people who consumed more chocolate also
had better diets and drank less alcohol. And both groups relied on their memory to report
their chocolate consumption levels. Sorry, folks, but you won’t be able to rely on this
study to justify your 3pm chocolate binge.

What’s the scoop on chocolate and the brain?

Shmerling (2017) said that a new review published in the May 2017 edition of
Frontiers in Nutrition analyzed the evidence to date that flavanols (found in dark
chocolate and cocoa, among other foods) may benefit human brain function. Flavanols
are a form of flavonoids, plant-based substances that have anti-inflammatory and
antioxidant effects. While some studies suggest that antioxidants, fish oil, stimulants such
as caffeine, or other specific foods may help improve brain function or prevent dementia,
these benefits are hard to prove and studies have been inconclusive at best.

Theoretical Framework