ECE 391: Suggested Homework Problems

Quarter and Half Wave T-line Behavior

1. A receiver operating at 451Mhz is being interfered upon by a transmitter operating at 461MHz.
While no changes can be made directly to the receiver or antenna, the coaxial transmission line
between antenna and receiver is accessible. In particular, a coaxial ”tee” fitting is accessible
directly where the coax is attached to the receiver.

a) Design the a filter using coax cable, 50Ω, r = 2.3, that will drastically reduce the 461.MHz
signal without effecting 451Mhz signal. Show by drawing/schematic diagram how your filter is
connected to point A. Clearly state required coax length and open or short circuits.

b) Design another filter using one 10pf capacitor and an inductor that will drastically reduce the
461MHz signal without effecting the 451Mhz signal. Show by drawing/schematic diagram how
your filter is connected to point A. Give the specific inductor value.

Antenna
receiver input
"tee" connector
Zo=50

T1

λ Z in=75 Ohms
2. A 50Ω transmission line which is long at 50MHz is driven by a 100MHz generator. What input
4 50m amplifier
impedance does the 100MHzRs generator
A experience if the line is terminated C with 150Ω?
Zo=75 Alpha=0.1dB/m
75 B
Vsrc T1 G=6dB RL
2Vrms 75

Rs T1
50 Zo=50
Vsrc ZL=25−j25
1V
E r =1.0
@10Mhz
1
z’
’
z=0
 T1
Vinlines 50
3. The electrical length of several transmission are given below. At a frequency corresponding
Vout
to λ : Vout , I src
input 0.5 Isrc present at its input terminals
(a) draw the equivalent lumped circuit the line would
Vsrc L1
(b) give the impedance at the input of the line
1Vpp 10nH

T1 T2 50
Vin
C1V
Vout
, I src
input 0.5
Vsrc
Isrc 3.96pFout
input 0,75 1Vpp
L1 0
10nH 0.2Ghz 1Ghz

T2
C1
3.96pF
input 0,75 0

T3 0.2Ghz 1Ghz 2Ghz

amplifier amplifier
T3
input 0.125 R=Zo amplifier amplifier

input 0.125 R=Zo

G=10dB G=3dB RLoad
G=10dB G=3dB RLoad
Pin = 100mW Pin = 100mW 50 50
T4
T4
input 0.5 100
Rs T1
input 0.5 100 50
Vsrc Zo=50 RsRt T1
T5 alpha=0.5dB/cm 50
4sin(wt)
(volts) 50
input 1.0 Vsrc
12cm
Zo=50 Rt
T5 alpha=0.5dB/cm 50
4sin(wt)
Z in
T6
(volts)
input 1.0
4. For the transmission line segment below, draw |Zin| versus frequency12cm
for frequencies from 0 to
Er = 1.0
input
2 Ghz. Indicate the max value of |Zin| on the vertical axis.
Zo = 100

0
0.25m
0.2Ghz 1Ghz Z in 2Ghz

T6
TITLE

Er = 1.0 FILE: REVISION:

input
Zo = 100 PAGE OF DRAWN BY

0
0.25m
0.2Ghz 1Ghz 2Ghz

2
 5. For the circuit below, draw |V out| and the current |Isrc | for frequencies from 0 to 2 Ghz. Use
the same vertical axis for voltage and current. The resonant frequency is found at: f0 = 2π√1LC

1
Vin 50
Vout
Vout , I src
Isrc
Vsrc L1
1Vpp 10nH

2
C1
3.96pF
0
0.2Ghz 1Ghz 2Ghz

3
6. For the circuit below, amplifier amplifier
(a) Sketch the voltage waveform at the input to the transmission line AA’ for f = 100M hz,
R=Zo
f = 200M hz, f = 50M hz. Provide the units and scale on the graph and draw at least one full
cycle. G=10dB G=3dB RLoad
(b) For eachPfrequency
in = 100mW
in (a), draw the value of |V aa (d)|. The line is still 0.5λ long at 100Mhz.
50

4
Rs
A T1
100
Rs 50
T1 0.5 @ 100Mhz open
V(t)=1.0 sin(2Pi *ft) Z o= 50 ohms circuit
where f=100Mhz50 A ’
Vsrc Zo=50 Rt
5 alpha=0.5dB/cm 50
4sin(wt)
VAA’(t) VAA’(d)
(volts)
12cm

Z in t d
.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7
6

1.0
100

0
5m
0.2Ghz t−line
1Ghz resonator 2Ghz series resonator
vin tie1
0 vin tl_in T1 tie1
3 r_src
Vsrc
r_src r_dummy 1.0
Vsrc 0.25 @ 5Mhz 1Vpp r_cap TITLEc_net
10K 1G
1Vpp Zo = 50 ohms 2nF
10Meg
FILE:
tie2
PAGE O
l_net
1uH
7. The electrical length of several transmission lines are given below. At a frequency corresponding
to λ :
(a) Draw the equivalent lumped circuit the line would present at its input terminals
(b) Give the impedance at the input of the line

Rs
A T1
T1
50 0.5 @ 100Mhz open
input 0.5 R = Zo V(t)=1.0 sin(2Pi *ft) Z o= 50 ohms circuit
where f=100Mhz A’

T2 VAA’(t) VAA’(d)

input ?? R t = Zo

t d
.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6
T3 .7

input 0.25

T4
t−line resonator series resonator
vin tie1
input 0.5 Z L= 50 + j20 vin tl_in T1 tie1
r_src
Vsrc
r_src r_dummy 1.0
Vsrc 0.25 @ 5Mhz 1Vpp r_cap c_ne
10K 1G
1Vpp Zo = 50 ohms 2nF
10Meg
T5 tie2

input l_net
1.25
1uH
tie3
parallel resonator r_ind
vin tie1 0.6

r_src r_cap c_net l_net

Vsrc 10K
1Vpp 10Meg 500pF 2.5uH
tie2

r_ind
0.6
TITLE

FILE: REVISION:

PAGE OF DRAWN BY:

4
 R t = Zo

T4 t d
t−line resonator .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 series resonator
8. Construct: (a) an ngspice simulation to show that the impedance ofvina parallel resonant
tie1 circuit is
0.5 Z L= 50 + j20 vin tl_in T1 tie1
high and the impedance of a resonant series circuit is low. Use the parallel
Vsrc
r_src and series networks
below. Vsrc r_src r_dummy 1.0
0.25 @ 5Mhz 1Vpp r_cap c_net
10K 1G
1Vpp Zo = 50 ohms 2nF
10Meg
T5 tie2
t−line resonator series resonator
l_net
.25 vin tie1
tl_in T1 1uH
Z L= 50 + j20 vin tie1
r_src
Vsrc tie3
r_src r_dummy 1.0
Vsrc 0.25 parallel
@ 5Mhz resonator 1Vpp r_cap c_net r_ind
10K 1G
1Vpp Zo = 50 ohms Rs
A 10Meg
T1 2nF 0.6
T1 vin tie1
tie2
r_src 50 0.5 @ 100Mhz open
r_cap c_net l_net
input 0.5 Vsrc R =10K
Zo 10Meg
V(t)=1.0 sin(2Pi *ft) Z o= 50 ohms l_net
circuit
1Vpp 500pF where f=100Mhz
2.5uH A’ 1uH
tie2 tie3
parallel resonator VAA’(t) r_ind VAA’(d) r_ind
T2
0.6 0.6
vin tie1
TITLE
input ?? r_src Rr_cap
t = Zo c_net l_net
Vsrc 10K FILE: REVISION:
1Vpp 10Meg 500pF 2.5uH PAGE OF DRAWN BY:
(a) Parallel Resonant Circuit t
(b) Series Resonant Circuit d
tie2
.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6
T3 .7
r_ind
0.6
input 0.25 (b) Construct a ngspice simulation showing the parallel
TITLE
resonant behavior at 5 Mhz for a shorted,
0.25λ, 50Ω line as shown below. FILE: REVISION:

PAGE OF DRAWN BY:

T4
t−line resonator series resonator
vin tie1
input 0.5 Z L= 50 + j20 vin tl_in T1 tie1
r_src
Vsrc
r_src r_dummy 1.0
Vsrc 0.25 @ 5Mhz 1Vpp r_cap c_net
10K 1G
1Vpp Zo = 50 ohms 2nF
10Meg
T5 tie2

input l_net
1.25
1uH
Figure 2: Transmission Line Resonator tie3
parallel resonator r_ind
(c) Increase the resistor
vin r ind that
tie1 represents the series resistance of the inductor in the series 0.6
and parallel circuits to r_src
1 or 2 ohms.
r_cap Comment on what the effect is as seen in the simulation.
c_net l_net
Do likewise Vsrc 10K
for r cap except that
10Megyou will lower its value
500pF to model capacitor leakage.
1Vpp 2.5uH
(d) How does the T-line resonator compare with the other two circuits? Which lumped circuit
tie2
does it behave most like?
r_ind
0.6
TITLE

FILE: REVISION:

PAGE OF DRAWN BY: