Working Formulas

Effective Earth Bulge D

DE = D
1+
𝑑1 𝑑2 Do
𝑒𝑏 =
12.75𝑘 Rain Unit Attenuation
First Fresnel Zone
𝛶 = 𝑘𝑥 × 𝑅𝑝𝛼𝑥
𝑑1 𝑑2
𝐹1 = 17.3√𝐷 Path Attenuation
𝑘𝑚 𝑓𝐺𝐻𝑧

𝐴 = 𝐷𝐸 × 𝛶
Maximum Fresnel Clearance
Oxygen Absorption Loss
𝐻 = 𝐹1 × 60% 6.09
𝐴𝑜 = (7.19 × 10−3 +
Antenna Height Computation 𝑓 2 + 0.227
4.81
ℎ2 − ℎ1 (𝐻 + ℎ𝑜 ) − ℎ1 + ) × 𝑓2
(𝑓 − 57)2 + 1.5
=
𝐷𝑘𝑚 𝑑1 𝑑𝐵
× 10−3
Nth Fresnel Zone 𝑘𝑚

𝐹𝑛 = 𝐹1 × √𝑛 Water Vapor Absorption Loss

Free Space Loss 3
𝐴𝐻2𝑂 = (0.067 +
(𝑓 − 22.3)2 + 7.3
𝐹𝑆𝐿 = 92.44 + 20 log 𝑓𝐺𝐻𝑧 + 20 log 𝑑 9
+
(𝑓 − 183.3)2 + 6
Transmission Line Loss 4.3
+ ) × 𝑓2 × 𝛼
TLL= length × attenuation factor (𝑓 − 323.8)2 + 10
𝑑𝐵
Parabolic Antenna Gain × 10−4
𝑘𝑚
Gp = 7.5 + 20 log 𝑓𝐺𝐻𝑧 + 20 log 𝐷𝑓𝑡
Net Path Loss
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 − 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑠
Received Signal Level
𝑅𝑆𝐿 = Transmitted Power − 𝑁𝑃𝐿

Fade Margin
𝐹𝑀 = 𝑅𝑆𝐿 − Receiver Sensitivity
Interpolation Formula
log 𝑓1 − log 𝑓𝑥
𝑀=
log 𝑓1 − log 𝑓2
𝑘𝒙 = log −1 ( log 𝑘1 − 𝑀𝑥 (log 𝑘1 − log 𝑘2 )
𝛼𝑥 = 𝛼𝑥 − (𝛼1 − 𝛼2 )
ITU-R Rec. 530 Rain Attenuation
Do = 35𝑒 −0.015(𝑅𝑝 )