ABDU GUSAU POLYTECHNIC TALATA MAFARA

ZAMFARA STATE
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY.

NDII COMPUTER SCIENCE

COMPILED
BY

SHAFIU NURA
1707231194

TOPIC
AUTOMATED GRADING SYSTEM
(A CASE STUDY OF GOVERNMENT GIRLS COLLEGE, TALATA
MAFARA)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF DR. SAMAILA MUSA

OCTOBER 2019

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INTRODUCTION

According Krishman Y.N (2009) A computerized grading system is a highly desirable

addition to the educational tool-kit, particularly when it can provide less effort and a more
effective and timely outcome. Grading systems are designed to provide incentives for
achievement and assist in identifying problem areas of a student. It is the most commonly
used means of analyzing student performance, talents and skills. Students’ grades are
vital information needed in advancing to the next grade/year level and its accuracy is very
important.
Many teachers feel that the time they take in recording and computing for the grades of
their students is time that could be better spent elsewhere, like preparing lessons,
researching or meeting with their students. With the advent of computer technology, more
and more schools are taking advantage of a variety of grading systems available both off-
line and online that can help save time on administrative tasks and give teachers more
time to attend to other important functions
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The research carries some understated problems which are:-

- In accuracy of result grading

- Lack of proper security of result grading

- Untimely processing results

- Poor security of documents

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The aims and objectives of this research are:

- To ensure accurate result computation during result grading

- To develop result computation system for government girls Talata Mafara
- To avoid errors and cost effectiveness.

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 The objective of the study is to provide a standard format for the computerization and
processing of students results and how to process results in government girl’s college
Talata Mafara

ADVANTAGES OF THE PROPOSED COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM

The advantages of the propose computer based systems are as follows.
a. Automated Operation: This enables the analysis and processing of data to be
accomplished much more quickly.
b. Flexibility: The computerized system provides more work flexibility with less
boredom.
c. Timely reports: timely and be produce accurate result can be produce when
required.
d. Accuracy error propagation is easily checked error is also elimination of duplicated
efforts by having the data control systems all data recorded pertaining to a student
cannot be duplicated limitless benefit accrued from the use of computer such as:
i. Accurate method of processing and acquisition of information
ii. Faster method of processing and production of information.
iii. Handling of large volume of data
iv. Flexibility in use i.e. can be manipulated to ones taste.
v. For multiprocessing and multitasking.
Surprisingly the use of computerized grading systems is easy the backbone of the
computerized Java. The computerized grading systems is not compilers at ones reach
e.g.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This research work will be based on designing of an online grading system for
government Girls College Talata Mafara as a case study, language that will be used for
computerization process is visual basic language.

This project work will covers the registration of students and computation of
students examination score in order to process their results

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

- It will boost good grading and accuracy in result of the student

- It will makes computation more efficient and faster
- Large number of student result can be computed with less time
- There will be high integrity in the grading system
- It will reduce error to the barest minimum level.

REVIEW OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

This chapter aims at giving a general overview of the present grading system i.e.
essentially manual. Some of the drawbacks inherent in this system are also analyzed in
order to appreciate the need for a computerized system. In the subsequent chapters, the
system development process showing the computerization stages that be deal with.
Junior secondary W.A.E.C. is the criteria to senior secondary classes; successful
candidates are registered based on the choice of subjects with names submitted to the
class teacher. The class teacher however, checks ensures that the student is eligible to
take all subjects register and meets school regulations the class teacher forms the basis
of all students records in the school. John Michael and Gilbert S. (2000)
Examination scores are recorded in latter grades equivalent to the marks in the score
sheets give to all examinations. The class teacher collects all the score and computer the
student average score using the score attached to each letter grade. Samson Johnson
Michael (2000)
The average score is calculated each term while the cumulative average score is
computer up to each point in time. Total score each subject consist of 30% assessment
and 70% “examination”. The total of the three consecutive terms are combined to give
the cumulative average score at the end of a successful academic section. Samuel James
and Thomas Mark (2007)

COMPUTERIZATION
According to Mark D. (1996) Defines computerization as the utilization of computer
software to process data that were previously processed manually. It also defines as the
means or process of converting manual operation to the computer operation.

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Computerized can also be said, to be the conversion of a procedure or a process of
equipment to operate automatically. Computerization is a process of coding a computer
system using computer hardware and software program by instructing the computer to
perform a specific task, store information as commanded by programmer.
Computerization involves using computer system in any field of human endeavor to some
certain thing that is beyond human effort and save time and resources. Studying
computerization to the modern technologies has help human efforts in almost area of
human endeavor such as in accounting, business organization and in marketing etc. The
basic features is to design the a computer program capable of solving manual problem
encounter as in grading of student result and to assist the user in meeting their daily
objectives.

COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM
According to Abraham Gad (2000) computerized system is the documented process of
assuring that a computerized system does exactly what it is designed to do in a consistent
and reproducible manner. The validation process begins with the system
proposal/requirements definition and continues until system retirement and retention of
the e-records based on regulatory rules.
The Computerized systems allow for greater efficiency in performing specific tasks both
more accurately and more rapidly than doing the same task using, for example, a pencil
and paper or a pencil and ledger book. Computerized systems also offer storage capacity
efficiency. For example, a computerized system's hard drive taking up a relatively small
amount of space can store a large collection of business or personal documents.
A paper-based system, in contrast, would take up at least one, and usually more, file
cabinets for storage of the same document collection.
GRADING SYSTEM
According to Deborah Mark (2005) Grading System is very important aspect of a school’s
operation and goals. The students are graded to measure their performance and
knowledge in every grading period. Teachers spend massive time to accurately compute
the grades of the students using their calculators, and, in earlier times, teachers manually
solve grades using paper and pen. The basic objective of a grading system is to

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communicate to parents a periodic evaluation summarizing significant factors of the
student’s adjustment in the total education program. The cumulative purpose of the
grading system is to supply the parent a composite statement of educational process in
a specified period of time for the student in selected areas of learning.Billy S. Mark (1990)
A computerized grading system for Metropolitan Academy School will provide a marked
improvement in the way teacher’s record and compute for the grades of students. The
study will be a great help for the following:
Faculty Teachers. Teachers would be able to record and compute for the grades of their
students faster thereby lessening their workload and providing them with added time to
attend to other functions. This in turn would improve their efficiency as teachers.
School Administrators. School Administrators need not compute for the grades of each
student to check on their accuracy. Reports such as grading sheets and class records
can be submitted on time. Students. Students can now look forward to better lessons
since their teachers would have added time to prepare for them. Parents. Parents can
now rely on the accuracy of the ratings of their children. The computerized grading system
makes it possible for parents to have an accurate assessment of their children’s
intellectual, social and emotional development, achievement, and performance. Judges
Mark (2007)
STUDENT RESULT
According to Mark Sd. (2010) Is an educational portal for secondary schools. This online
portal handles every thing

From enrolment of students to making individual result of students available online

directly on the school database. School management can tell at glance how many
students are there in the school at any given post in time. The duty of it all is that it helps
you to make yours students results available to them from any were in the world provided
there is internet connectivity.
All the needs to do is to login they accounts and view/print their result from the data
base. A student result is also called (upshot) is the final consequence of a sequence of
actions or event expressed qualitatively or quantitatively. Possible result include
advantages, disadvantages, gain or loss, some value or victory. Student result involves
the outcome of their assessment to know either they have acquired the knowledge

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passed to them by their tutor and access them if they can implement such knowledge in
solving such problem. Computerization of student result grading system will be designed
to aid the teachers of the school of selected case study in keeping their student result and
easy computation of the result without wasting of time and resources.

RESEARCH METHODS

For the purpose of this research work, quantitative approach is applied. Quantitative
approach use experimental methods. The conclusions was reached after following
vigorous process of observation made from experimentation performed on the object.
Therefore, the quantitative approach help in methodology to outlines the way which
research is to be undertaken. Under this approach, there are different forms of
quantitative approach in which applied method is used in carrying out the research.

APPLIED RESEARCH

Applied research is a form of non-systematic inquiry involving the practical application of

science. It accesses and use some part of accumulated theories, knowledge, methods
and techniques for a specific and client driven purpose. The research used which the
applied method deals with solving practical problems and generally employs empirical
methodologies. Applied Research resides in the messy real world, strict research protocol
may need to be relaxed as a result of techniques and method involved. Therefore, since
applied research has a provisional close to the problem and close to the data orientation,
it help on the provisional and conceptual framework such as the analyzing of data.

The purpose of choosing this research method is because of its enormous advantages.
The following are the benefits of it:

a. It help to expand knowledge: Applied research help to expand ideas, initiative

when using it to solve practical problems.
b. It increase understanding of fundamental principles: Applied research help in
understanding fundamental principles of problem, it also allow algorithms to be
used in solving practical problems.

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METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

The choice of method in data collection is influenced by the data collection strategies.
The type of variable, the accuracy required, the collection and the skill of the enumerator.
The main method of data collection in this research work is interview.

INTERVIEW: Information acquired from respondents are written down for further
analysis. This is more expensive compared to the other forms of data collection. Details
from the organization which is the case study and observation helps to generate better
finding of the result.

FILE STRUCTURE

File structure refer to the format of the label and data block and of any logical record
control. Information. File organization refer to the logical relationships among the various
record that constitute the file particular with the respect to a specific record. The
advantage of file structure keep record and also help to organize your data through
medium organization. It also help to remove redundancy of data and with the help of
retrieval of data should be case of system crash.

SUMMARY

This research work examined the inadequacies involved in the manual method of
compiling students’ result in secondary schools in Nigeria. To achieve that, preliminary
investigations about the current manual record keeping were carried out at Government
Girls college talata mafara zamfara state. The problems with the manual result processing
were identified and a new system was proposed, designed, and implemented. In this
work, a computer software application was developed to facilitate the automated
processing of the results.

CONCLUSION
The research work culminated in the design and implementation ofa software application,
meant to ease the processing of students’ results in Government Girls College. The
application was successfully developed, tested, and found to be working as expected. It

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is capable of storing and processing students’ results with high speed and accuracy, and
presenting output in certain required forms. It has some qualities such as reduction in the
cost of processing; reduction in time spent in computing student’s first and second term
results. The new system is flexible and can be modified to suite any kind of record keeping
and data processing. It uses graphical user interface (GUI) rather than command-line
approach, hence is easy to use, reasonably secure, and enforces data integrity resulting
from the use of a relational database management system. With this application, the
processing of students, results can automated for a large extent, thereby reducing
processing time and increasing accuracy.

RECOMMENDATION
This project is designed to be used by any institution or individual that wants to employ
the use of computer in computerization of result grading process.
 There is need for regular maintenance of the system.
 The system should be improved further with security features.
 There should be a module for notifying the students through SMS in case of any
important information.
 The next researchers on this same topic should ensure that the teachers should
be able to generate position of each student in the class.

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