Nama : Akhmad Rosadi

Nim : 1610814110001
Tugas PAP

SOAL:
Proses pembuatan etanol 98% dilakukan dalam RATB. Hasil reaksi etil asetat
terhadap NaOH pada Xa=98%. Reaksi terbentuk menghasilkan C2H5OH sebesar
10001 lb/jam dengan komposisi penyusun dari Etil Asetat sebesar 85%. Jika reaktor
di konstruksi menggunakan SA-240 grade T dengan efisiensi pengelasan (∈) 80%
dan suhu reaksi 100˚C dengan tekanan 1 atm. Reaktor di design dengan tutup
ellipsoidal head (atas dan bawah). Rancang reaktor tersebut jika reaktor dilengkapi
dengan pengaduk turbin dengan baffle serta waktu 1,5 jam.

Diketahui:
m C2H5OH = 10001 lb/jam
m EA = 85 % × 10001 = 8500,85 lb/jam
m NaOH = 15 % × 10001 = 1500,15 lb/jam
8500,85 lb/jam
n EA = = 96,60056818 lbmol/jam
88
1500,15 lb/jam
n NaOH = = 37,50375 lbmol/jam
40
96,60056818
X EA = = 0,720338983
96,6005818 + 37,50375
X NaOH = 1 – x EA = 0,279661017
ρ EA pada 100 oC = 48,8189 lbm/ft3
ρ NaOH 15% pada 100 oC = 69,7413966 lbm/ft3
ρ mix = ρ EA x EA + ρ NaOH 15% x NaOH 15%
= 48,8189 (0,720338983) + 69,7413966 (0,279661017)
= 57,6701067 lb/ft3
Penyelesaian:
m
VBahan = ×τ
ρ mix
10001 lb/jam
= × 1,5 jam
57,6701067 lb/ft3
= 274,4004156 ft3
VB = 75 % VR (pengaduk)
VB 274,4004156
VR = = = 365,8672208 ft3
0,75 0,75
VR = Vshell + VDish + Vsf (H/D = 1)
𝜋 π
= HD2 + 2 × 0,000076 D2 + 2 × D2 sf
4 4
(Nilai sf diambil 2 inch dari tabel 5.6 B&Y= 0,16667 ft)
π
365,8672208 = D3 + 0,000152 D3 + 0,26166719 D3
4

3 365,8672208
D = √ 1,04681919

= 7,0439663 ft = 8 ft × 12 (ID) = 96 inch

H/D = 1  H = 8 ft = 96 inch
Vshell = 1/4 𝜋 D2 H
= 1/4 (3,14) (8ft)2 (8ft)
= 401,920 ft3
Vdish = 0,000076 D3 = 0,000076 . (8ft)3 = 0,039 ft3
Vsf = 1/4 𝜋 D2 sf = ¼ × 3,14 × (8ft)2 × 0,16667 = 8,373 ft3
V tangki baru = Vshell + Vdish + Vsf
= 401,920 ft3 + 0,039 ft3 + 8,373 ft3
= 410,332 ft3

Vruang kosong = Vtangki baru – Vbahan

= 410,332 ft3– 274,4004156 ft3
= 135,9320024 ft3
Vshell kosong = Vruang kosong – (Vdish+Vsf)
= 135,9320024 ft3 – (0,039 ft3 + 8,373 ft3)
= 127,5195896 ft3
4 x Vshell kosong
Hshell kosong =
π D2
4 x 127,5195896 ft3
=
3,14 (8)2
= 2,538208392 ft
HLiquid = Hshell – Hshell kosong
= 8 ft – 2,538208392 ft
= 5,461791608 ft
g
ρ mix × × HL
gc
PH =
144
lb
57,6701067ft3 × 1 × 5,461791608 ft
=
144
= 2,073590681 Psia
Pd = (PH + Poperasi) × safety factor
= (2,073590681 Psia + 14,7 Psia) × 1,05
= 17,60796535 Psig
Pd x ID
td = +c
(2fε-0,6 Pd)
(17,60796535 Psig)(96 inch)
=
(2 × 18750 × 0,8)-0,6(17,60796535 Psig)

= 0,0563653387 + 0,0625  C
= 0,1188653387 inch
td standar  3/16 inch
OD = ID + 2(t)
= 96 + 2(3/16)
= 96,375 inch  Standar 97 inch
 Pd x ID
t dish ellips = +c
(2fε-0,2 Pd)
(17,60796535 Psig)(96 inch)
=
(2 × (18750 × 0,8)-0,2(17,60796535 Psig)

= 0,05635240887 + 0,0625  C
= 0,1188524089 inch
t dish standar = 3/6 inch
OA = t dish + sf + b
b = ID/4 (ellips head)
= 96/4 = 24 inch
OA = 3/16 inch + 2 inch + 24 inch
= 26,1875 inch
Tinggi total = Hshell + (2 × OA)
= 96 inch + (2 × 26,1875 inch)
= 148,375 inch
= 12,36458333 ft

RATB dengan baffle (Turbin 6 daun)

ID shell = 96 inch
DI
= 1/3  DI = 32 inch = 2,667 ft
I Dshell
B
= 1/10  B= 9,6 inch
I Dshell
L
= 1/4  L = 8 inch
DI
W
= 1/5  W = 6,4 inch
DI
E
= 1  E = 32 inch
DI
Keterangan:
DI = diameter pengaduk
B = lebar baffle
E = jarak pengaduk dari dasar
L = lebar pengaduk
W = tinggi pengaduk

WELH = HLiq × sg
57,6701067 lb/ft3 (ρmix)
= 5,461791608 ft ×
62,428 lb/ft3 (ρair)
= 4,783063017 ft
WELH
ɛ Impeller =
ID shell
4,783063017 ft
=
8 ft
= 0,5978828 ≈ 1

Putaran pengaduk :

600 WELH
N = √
π DI 2 DI

600 4,783063017 ft
=
3,14 × 2,67 ft
√ 2 × 2,67 ft

= 70,4854735 rpm  standarisasi = 71 rpm

= 1,183 rps
Viskositas
µ EA pada 100 oC = 0,1308 Cp
μ NaOH 15 % pada 100 oC = 3,5983 Cp
µ mix = µ EA × XEA + µ NaOH × XNaOH
= 0,1308 Cp × 0,720338983 + 3,5983 Cp × 0,279661017
= 1,100524576 Cp
= 0,0007395183714511 lb/ft-s
 N DI2 ρmix
NRe =
μ mix
1,183 rps × 2,67 ft × 54,6701067
NRe =
0,0007395183714511 lb/ft-s
= 56209,97903

Np diperoleh dari Gambar (Geankoplis/McCabe) = 5

Np ρmix N3 D5
P =
550 × gc

5 × (54,6701067)(1,183)3 × (2,67 ft)5

=
550 × 32,17
= 3,015914107 hp

Data yang hilang (gland loss) = 10 % P

= 10 % × 3,015914107 hp
= 0,3015914107 hp

Data input = P + gland loss

= 3,015914107 hp + 0,3015914107 hp
= 3,317505514 hp

Efisiensi motor (𝜂) = 80%

Power aktual = 100/80 × 3,317505514 hp

= 4,146881893 hp