Hints & Solutions: ® Indian National Junior Science Olympiad (Injso) DATE: 07-01-2018 Part Test - 04

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INDIAN NATIONAL JUNIOR

SCIENCE OLYMPIAD (INJSO)
DATE : 07-01-2018 PART TEST -04
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A A B C B A A A D C B C D C B B D C B B
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. C B C B B D C C D D
OBJECTIVE TYPE (SECTION– A)
4 g R
1. (A) g  GR . If  = constant then 1  1
3 g 2 R2
1
2. (A) g  g p R 2 cos2  = g p  2R cos2 60 = g p  R 2
4
 d g  d  n  1
3. (B) g   g 1     g 1    d   R
 R n  R  n 
GM
4. (C) v 
R h
GM
For first satellite h  0 , v1 
R
R 2GM
For second satellite h  , v2 
2 3R
2 2
v2  v1  v
3 3
GM 6.67 1011  6  1024

6. (A) v    1km/s
r 384000 103
7. (A)   BA  10 weber
10. (C) The induced current will be in such a direction so that it opposes the change due to which it is produced.
1.2  10–18
12. Fraction of charge = = 0.25
4.8  10 –10  10 –8
10  103
14. Number of moles in 500 mL =
336
10  10 3
Number of moles in 1 mL = = 5.95 × 10–8 .
336  500
2.(14 x  2)  1.(14 y)
15. Mmix. = = 20
3
28x + 14y = 56 ...(1)
Mmix.= 1.(14x  2)  2.(14y) = 24
3
14x + 28y = 70 ...(2)
 x = 1, y = 2
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SOL. INJSO_PART TEST-04 _PAGE-1
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SUBJECTIVE TYPE (SECTION– B)
31. (i) When Helium nucleus makes a full rotation. We may consider it as current in loop so magnetic field at
the centre of loop
B = µoni / 2r
but i =q /t
i = 2e/2 = e
(ii)
Angle made by the side with centre=60° thus θ1 = θ1 = 30°
Thus perpendicular distance r = (a/2)(tan60)
Now Magnetic field at centre due to six side = 6 × Magnetic field due to one side
N(B2  B1) A cos

32. (i). e
t
500 (0  0.1)  100 104 cos0
  5V
0.1
B (4  1)
(ii) | e |  A.  2  3V .
t 2
33. (i)
m 4
geff = 12 
w 10
Vw  12 – Vm  12
a= = 18 m/sec2
V.m
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1 1
1= × 18 × t2   t= sec
2 3
(ii) Net force toward the center of earth
= mg – m2 (R cos ) cos 
34. ra = a(1 + e) = 6R
1
rp = a(1–4) = 2R  e 
2
Conservation of angular momentum :
Angular momentum at perigee = angular mmentum at apogee
 mprp  mara
a 1
 
p 3
Conservation of energy :
Energy at perigee = Energy at apogee
1 GMm 1 GMm
m p 2   m a 2 
2 rp 2 ra
 1  1 1  1 1
 p2  1    2GM     2GM   
 9  ra rp   ra rp 
1/2
1 1 1/2
2GM     2GM  1 1  
   
p   ra rp    R  2 6  
2 1
  a     
1       1 9  
   
  p 
15.5
35. [A] Moles of C = = 1.292.
12
pV 5.5  (0.19  25 )
Moles of O2 = = = 1.068
RT 0.0821 298
C + O2  CO2
x moles (say) x moles
1
C + O2  CO
2
(1.292 – x) moles (1.292 – x) moles
As O2 is fully consumed,
number of moles O before reaction = number of moles of O after reaction = moles of O in CO2 + moles of
O in CO
or 2 × 1.068 = 2x + (1.0292 – x)
or x = 0.844
Mole of CO2 = 0.844
Mole of CO = 1.292 – 0.844 = 0.448.
Total heat evolved = 0.844 (–94.05) + 0.448 (–26.41) = 91.2 kcal
`[B] From the above equations, we have to calculate H for the equation
H2(g) + S(s) + 2O2 (g)  H2SO4(l) ; H = ?
Applying the inspection method,
[Eqn. (i) + Eqn. (ii) + Eqn. (iii) + Eqn. (iv)], we get,
1
S(s) + O2(g) + SO2 (g) + O2(g) + SO3(g) + H2O(l) + H2(g)
2
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1
 O2(g) SO2 (g) + SO3(g) + H2SO4 (l) + H2O(l) ;
2
H = (–71.0 – 23.5 – 31.2 – 68.5) kcal
or H2(g) + S (s) + 2O2(g)  H2SO4(l) ; H = – 194.2 kcal.
3.67 lit.
C 2H 4 + CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O

`[C] x lit. (3.67–x) lit. 6.11 lit.
(say)
or x moles (3.67–x) moles 6.11 moles
Applying POAC for C atoms,
2 × x + 1 × (3.67 – x) = 1 × 6.11; x = 2.44 lit.
Thus, the volume of C2H4 = 2.44 lit, and volume of CH4 = 1.23 lit.
2.44
 volume of C2H4 in a 1-litre mixture = 3.67 = 0.665 = 0.335 lit.
Now, thermochemical reactions for C2H4 and CH4 are
C2H4 + 3O2  2CO2 + 2H2O ; H = –1423 kJ
CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O ; H = –891 kJ
As H values given are at 25°C, i.e. 298 K, let us first calculate the volume occupied by one mole of any
gas at 25°C (supposing pressure as 1 atm.)
298
Volume per mole at 25°C = × 22.4 = 24.45 lit.
273
1423
Thus, heat evolved in the combustion of 0.665 lit. of C2H4 = × 0.665 = –38.70 kJ and heat evolved
24.45
891
in the combustion of 0.335 lit. of CH4 = – × 0.335 = –12.20 kJ
24.45
 total heat evolved in the combustion of 1 litre of the mixture = –38.70 + (–12.20) = –50.90 kJ.
36. (a) Let the oxidation number of I in ICl3 be x.

x + 3 (–1) = O
x = +3
 127  127
 % by mass of I =   100  % = × 100 = 54.4 %
 127  3( 35 .5 )  233 .5
(b) ICl3 + 3KI  3KCl + 2I2
1
mol of I2 = 2 × moles of A = 2 × = 8.56 × 10–3mole
233.5
2 S2O32– + I2  2I– + S4O62–
2–
 mol of S2O3 = 2 × mol of I2
–3
= 2 × 8.56 × 10 = 0.01712 mol
2– 0.01712 3 3
 volume of S2O3 = × 1000 cm = 17.12 cm
1.00
Cl
Cl
Cl –– I
××
× I× Cl
(c) × × Cl
Cl T-shaped
37. (a)(i) F2(g)  2F(g) H = Bond energy

Bond energy is the energy (in kJ mol–1) required to break 1 mol of F–F bond.
(ii) SF4(g) + F2(g)  SF6(g) H = –434 kJ mol–1
Let the average bond energy of S–F bond by x
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Bond broken (H) Bond formed ( H)
4 S – F  4x 6 S – F 6x
1 F – F  158
H = [(H S–F) × 4 + (H F–F)] – [(H S–F × 6)]
–434 = [+ 4x + 158] – [6x]
–1
x = + 296 kJ mol
Assumption made
S–F bonds are the same in both SF4 and SF6 and heat is the only form of energy exchange.
(b) (i) SF2 has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs and so, is V-shaped (or bent) .
××
×S×
××
F F
SF6 has 6 bond pairs and no lone pairs and so, is octahedral.
F
F × F
× ×
F S F
×
×
F
(ii) CsF is ionic solid. It was a high melting point conduct electricity in aqueous solution and when molten,
and is soluble in water.
SF6 is a simple covalent solid. It has low melting point, it does not conduct electricity and it is insoluble in
water but soluble in nonpolar solvents such as hexane, benzene etc.
38. [A] Heat evolved = Specific heat xMass of mixture x Temperature change
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[B]
[C] Treating the calorimeter as an isolated system (no heat lost to the surroundings), we write
The heat gained by the water is given by

where m and s are the mass and specific heat and t = tfinal - tinitial. Therefore,
Because the heat lost by the lead pellet is equal to the heat gained by the water, so qpb = - 280.3 J. Solving for the specific heat of Pb, we
write
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39. (i) Epithelial tissue
(ii) Simple Squamous Epithelium :- Bowman’s capsules and descending limbs of loops of henle of the
nephrons of the kidneys, membranous labyrinth (internal ear), blood vessels, lymph vessels,heart,
coelomic cavities, and rete testis of the testis.
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium : - Kindeys, ovaries, seminiferous tubules of tests, and ciliary
bodies, choroid and iris of eyes. Other sites of cuboidal epithelium are the inner surface of the
lens, the pigment cell layer of the retina of the eye and sweat glands of mammalian skin.
Simple Columnar Epithelium :- It lines the stomach, intestin, gall bladder and bile duct. It also
forms the gastric glands, intestinal glands and pancreatic lobules (present in the pancreas)
where it has secretory role and is called glandular epithelium.
Simple Ciliated Epithelium :- Fallopian tube ,trachea
(iii) Cell junction : In nearly all animal tissues, specialised junctions provide both structural and
functional links between its individual cells, epithelium cells modified to form following structures
is called Intercellular Junctions.
a. Tight junctions (Zonula occludens) – At some places, plasma membrane of adjacent cells
become fused to form tight junction. Stop substances from leaking across a tissue. These
structures are mostly found in columnar epithelium.
b. Gap junctions - Facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the
cytoplasm of adjoining cells, for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big
molecules. In gap junctions, connexin proteins are present which form connexons (fluid
channels), used for transmission of electrical and chemical signals.
c. Adhering Junction (Macula Adhrens), Zonula adherens : This type of Junction consists of
disc – like protein plate with intermediate fibre known as tonofibrils composed of keratin like
protein. These filaments are deeply situated in the cytoplasm of respective cell. These
structures provide mechanical support to stratified epithelium or performing cementing to keep
neighbouring cells together.
d. Interdigitations : Finger like processes of plasma membrane which enter into cytoplasm of
adjacent cell. These structures are mainly found in transitional epithelium.
(iv) Cells of epithelial tissues are very compactly arranged so blood vessels are absent between
them.
40. (i) In roots vascular bundles are found in radial arrangement.

(ii) (a) Radial : When xylem & phloem are located on different radii, in an alternate manner the
bundles are called radial. e.g. roots.
(b) Conjoint : A vascular bundle having both xylem & phloem together, is called conjoint.
Normally.The xylem & phloem occur in the same radius. These are found in stem. They are of
two types.
Phloem
Phloem
Phloem
Phloem Cambium
xylem
xylem
(i). Amphivasal (ii). Amphicribal
Fig. Concentric vascular bundle
(i) Open (ii) Closed
vascular bundle vascular bundle
(iii) Endarch : When the protoxylem lies towards the centre and metaxylem at the periphery, the
condition is called endarch. Here the direction of development is centrifugal. e.g. Stem.
(iv) When cambium lies between xylem & phloem elements, the bundle is said to be open.
e.g. dicot stem. This cambium is called as intrafascicular cambium.
41. (i) Speciation : Speciation is the formation of one or more new species from an existing species.
(ii) (a) Homologous : They are those organs which have the same basic structure and
developmental origin but perform different functions and often have different morphology
too.e.g.Thorn of Bougainvillea & Tendril of Cucurbita.
Analogous Organs : Different structures evolving for the same function and hence having
similarity.Morphology may or may not be similar however anatomy is different.e.g.Eyes of
Octopus and Mammal.
(b) Geographical isolation can be defined as separation by geographical barrier like mountain,
valley, desert, glaciers etc. Sea water isolate the Island from the mainland.India has 47%
endemic plants. Effectiveness of isolation depends on duration. E.g. Darwin’s finches.
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Reproductive isolation may be defined as the existence of intrinsic barrier to the interbreeding
of natural populations. Each of these intrinsic barriers is called a reproductive isolating
mechanism.
(c) It was proposed by G. H. Hardy and W. Weinberg (1908). In the year 1903 an American
geneticist W. E. Castle also proposed the similar principle so sometimes it is also referred as
Hardy Weinberg Castle Law.
This principle states that a population is said to be in genetic equilibrium if it is not undergoing
any kind of evolutionary change.Genetic equilibrium means that the frequency of occurrence of
alleles of a gene is supposed to remain fixed and even remains the same through generations.
Hardy-Weinberg principle stated it using algebraic equations. Main concepts of this principle
are:
i. This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and are constant from
generations to generation.
ii. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant.This is
called as genetic equilibrium.
iii. Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1.
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Factors affecting Hardy-Weinberg principle
i.Gene migration or gene flow ii.Genetic drift
iii.Mutation (Rare) iv.Genetic recombination (Most common)
v.Natural selection
42. (i)
(ii)
(a) Red bone marrow : Red bone marrow. It is red due to abundant blood vessels. It is present in
the spongy parts of the bones (e.g., epiphyses). (b)Yellow bone marrow. It is present in the shafts
of long bones. It is yellow in colour and has much fatty tissue. It produces blood corpuscles in
emergency, i.e., at the time of excessive loss of blood ; when it changes into red bone marrow.
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(iii)
Bone Cartilage
1. It is hard. 1. It is soft
2. Matrix has an inflexible material, 2. Matrix has a flexible material, the
the ossein chlondrin.
3. Matrix always contains calcium 3. Calcium salts may or may not be present
salts in the matrix
4. Matrix occurs in lamellae 4. Matrix occurs in a homogenous mass (i.e.
5. Osteocytes give off protoplasmic lamellae are absent).
processes. 5. Chondroblasts do not have protoplasmic
6. Lacunae give off canaliculi. processes.
7. Outer and inner layers of 6. Lacunae do not have canaliculated.
osteoblasts of a bone produce 7. Such layers of chondroblasts are not
osteocytes. present.
8. Bones have rich blood supply. 8. Cartilages do not have rich blood supply.
9. Bone marrow is present that 9. Such structure is absent.
produces blood corpuscles. 10. Growth in cartilage is unidirectional.
10. Grown in bone is bi-directional
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INDIAN NATIONAL JUNIOR

OBJECTIVE TYPE (SECTION– A)

GM 6.67 1011  6  1024

N(B2  B1) A cos

C 2H 4 + CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O

36. (a) Let the oxidation number of I in ICl3 be x.

37. (a)(i) F2(g)  2F(g) H = Bond energy

and is soluble in water.

water but soluble in nonpolar solvents such as hexane, benzene etc.

The heat gained by the water is given by

40. (i) In roots vascular bundles are found in radial arrangement.

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