Namma Kalvi

www.nammakalvi.in

ஸ்ரீ வித்யபாரதி
மெட்ரிக் மெல்நிலைப்பள்ளி>
rf;fuhk;ghisak;> mfuk; (PO)>vyr;rpg;ghisak;
jpUr;nrq;NfhL (TK) ehkf;fy;(DT) 637202.
Cell :99655-31727, 94432-31727
miuahz;Lg;; nghJj;Njh;T> brk;gh;; - 2019
TENTATIVE ANSWER KEY (11.12.2019)
tFg;G – 11 nghJj;jkpo; kjpg;ngz; :90
t. tpil MARK TOT.
vz;
MARK
gFjp - I
i) midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpil jUf.
ii) nfhLf;fg;gl;l ehd;F tpilfspy; kpfTk; Vw;Gila
tpilapidj; Njh;e;njLj;Jf; FwpaPl;Lld;
tpilapidAk; Nrh;j;J vOJf.
1 <) ,it %d;Wk; 1
2 ,) 27 1
3 M) 1-(iii) 2-( i) 3-( iv) 4-( ii) 1
4 M) gtze;jp Kdpth; - ed;D}y; 1
<) ,e;jpud; - Ngr;RnkhopAk; ftpij nkhopAk;
(,uz;by; vt;tpil vOjpapUg;gpDk; kjpg;ngz;
toq;fyhk;)
5 M) mz;zhkiyahh; 1
14x1=14
6 ,) kf;fs; nts;sk; 1
7 M) gz;Gj;njhif 1
8 M) mftNyhir 1
9 ,) njhLjpiu 1
10 ,) a;>t; 1
11 ,) jh$h; 1
12 m) kfpo;r;rp 1
13 M) mLf;Fj;njhlh; 1
14 ,) n[aNkhfd; 1

1
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 www.nammakalvi.in
gFjp - II
,uz;L my;yJ %d;W thpfspy; tpilaspf;fTk;.
gphpT - I 3x2=6
vitNaDk; %d;wDf;F tpil jUf.
15 ,dk;> nkhop Fwpj;j ,u#y; fk;rNjht;
ghh;itiaf; Fwpg;gpLf.
 jd; ,dj;ijAk; nkhopiaAk; ghlhj ftpij> 2
Nthpy;yhj kuk;@ $by;yhj gwit vd> ,dk;> 2
nkhop Fwpj;J ,u#y; fk;rNjht; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.

16 kjPd efuk; xU khspif efuk; vd;Dk;

$w;wpid cWjpg;gLj;Jf.
 kjPd efhpy; NkUkiyf;F xg;G vdf; $wj;jf;f
mstpy; khlkhspiffs; cah;e;J tpsq;fpd. ½
 filtPjpapy;(mq;fhbj;njU) vOe;j kf;fs; xyp ½
flNyhir vd vOe;jJ. 2
 xNu rPuha; mike;j tPjpfs; G+kpia(gpugQ;rj;ij) ½
msg;gd Nghy ePz;L Njhd;wpd.
 me;efhpy; rpwpJk; ,ilntspapd;wp khspiffs; ½
neUf;fkhf mike;jpUe;jd. ,t;thW kjPd efuk;
xU khspif efukha; tpsq;fpaJ.
17 ,q;Nf> Ik;gjhz;L Ntk;G
nfhilapy; nfhl;Lk; G+f;fis
vz;zr; nrhy;fpwhh;fs; - vz;zr; nrhy;fpwth;fs;
2
ahh;? vz;Zgth;fs; ahh;?
 vz;zr; nrhy;fpwth; - Mrphpah; 1
 vz;Zgth;fs; - khzth;fs; 1
18 vg;NghJ kUe;J Njit ,y;iy vd;W ts;Sth;
$Wfpwhh;?
 xUtd; jhd; Kd; cz;l czT nrhpj;jij
mjw;Fhpa milahsq;fshy; ed;F mwpe;J gpd; 1 2
cz;z Ntz;Lk;.
 mj;jifatDf;F kUe;J Njit ,y;iy vd;W 1
jpUts;Sth; $Wfpwhh;.

gphpT - II 2x2=4
vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf.
19 Ie;J Ntshz;ik ke;jpuq;fis vOJf.
 cog;ghlhj epyk; ½
 ,uhrhad cuk; ,y;yhj cw;gj;jp ½
 g+r;rpf;nfhy;yp njspf;fhj gaph;g; ghJfhg;G 2
½
 jz;zPh; epWj;jhj ney; rhFgb
 xl;Ltpij ,y;yhky; caph; tpisr;ry; ½

20 Mde;juq;fhpd; tUzidj; jpwDf;F Xh;

vLj;Jf;fhl;Lj; jUf.
 “fg;gy;fs; tUfpd;w nra;jpiaf; Nfl;lJk; 2
e\;lg;gl;l jputpak; kPz;Lk; fpilj;jhw;NghyTk;> ½
 kuzKw;w cwtpdh;fs; caph; ngw;W vOe;J ½

2
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 te;jJ NghyTk;>
 ePz;l ehs; jtkpUe;J Gj;jpug; ghf;fpak; ½
fpl;bdhw;NghyTk;>
 Njthkph;jj;ijr; Ritj;jJ NghyTk; kf;fs; ½
re;Njh\pj;jhh;fs;”.
21 „jhk]pfk; vd;why; vd;d?
 G+irf;Fj; Njitahd kyh;fisj; jtpu NtW
ve;jg; G+f;fSlDk; ekf;F mtrpak; vJTk; ½
,y;iy.
 fhyj;Jf;F Vw;wgb rPf;fpuNk thbtpLk;
kyh;fSld; kf;fSf;Fj; njhlh;Gz;L. ½
 mk;kyh;fisg; guhkhpf;Fk; nghWg;G 2
Njhl;lf;fhuDilaJ.
 kyh;r;nrg;gpDs; NghtJk; tUtJk; kyh;fspd; ½
Ntiy. ,ijj;jhd; „jhk]pfk; - m/jhtJ>
nkBhpayp]k;‟ vd;fpd;wdh;.
 ];J}yg; nghUSf;F mg;ghy; nry;y ,ayhky; ½
ek; kdk; jpifg;gile;J epd;W tpLfpwJ.
gphpT - III 7x2=14
vitNaDk; VO tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.
22 nkhopf;F Kjypy; tUk; vOj;Jfs; vj;jid?
mit ahit?
 nkhopf;F Kjypy; tUk; vOj;Jfs; -22 1
 capnuOj;J gd;dpuz;Lk; nrhy;ypd; Kjypy; tUk;.
 nka;naOj;Jfs; nka; tbtpNyNa nrhy;Yf;F
1 2
Kjypy; tUtjpy;iy. mit capnuOj;JfNshL
Nrh;e;J caph;nka; tbtpNyNa nkhopf;F Kjypy;
tUfpd;wd.
 nka;fspy; f>r>j>g>q>Q>e>k>a>t vd;Dk; gj;J
thpirfs; nrhy;ypd; Kjypy; tUk;.
23 VNjDk; xd;wpw;Fg; cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf.
m) gphpe;Njhh; - gphp + j;(e;) + j; + Xh; 1
gphp - gFjp
j; - re;jp> e; MdJ tpfhuk;
j; - ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy 1
Xh; - gyh;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp 2
M) Ja;j;jy; - Ja; + j; + jy;
Ja; - gFjp 1
j; - re;jp
jy; - njhopw;ngah; tpFjp 1

24 VNjDk; xd;wpw;Fg; Gzh;r;rp tpjp vOJf.

m) ePNuhil - ePh; + Xil 1
tpjp :cly; Nky; caph;te;J xd;WtJ ,ay;Ng 1
1 2
M) rpWNfhy; - rpWik+ Nfhy;
tpjp : <W Nghjy; 1

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 www.nammakalvi.in
25 milg;Gf;Fs; cs;s Mf;fg;ngah; tpFjpfisf;
Mf;fg;ngah;fisf; fz;lwpf.
m) mwpitj; Njbg; NghFkplk;@ cyfk; mwpa 1
2
cjTkplk; (mfk;) - E}yfk;
M) te;jhy; kfpo;r;rp ,J@ cioj;jhy; 1
fpilf;Fk; ,J (khdk;) - tUkhdk;
26 tpFjpfs; vtw;iw czh;j;Jk;?
 tpFjp jpiz> ghy;> vz;> .,lk;> vr;rk;> Kw;W > 2
tpaq;Nfhs; Mfpatw;iw czh;j;Jk;. 2

27 nrhy;iyg; gphpj;Jk; Nrh;j;Jk; njhluikf;fTk;:

mwptpy;yhjtd; - mwptpy;yhjtdplk; vj;jid Kiw
vLj;Jiuj;jhYk;> ,Wjpapy; jd; Nghf;fpNy mtd; 1
nray;gLthd;.
1 2
mwptpy; Mjtd; - Mrphpah; khztidg; ghh;j;J “eP
mwptpy; Mjtd;” vd;W $wpdhh;.
(nghUj;jkhd njhlh; mikj;jpUg;gpd; kjpg;ngz;
toq;fyhk;)
28 Ngr;R tof;if vOj;J tof;fhf khw;Wf.
Kaw;rp nra;jhy; mjw;Nfw;w gyd; tuhky; NghfhJ. 2 2

29 njhlhpy; cs;s nrhw;fis xOq;FgLj;jp ,uz;L

nrhw;nwhlh;fshf;Ff:
Nfhry kf;fs; ehL xU kfpo;r;rpahf rpwe;j tho;e;j
ehL te;jdh;. 2
m) Nfhry ehL xU rpwe;j ehL. 1
M) kf;fs; kfpo;r;rpaha; tho;e;J te;jdh;. 1
30 fiyr;nrhy; vOJf:
m) Document - Mtzk; 1 2
M) Agreement - xg;ge;jk; 1
gFjp - III
MW thpfSf;F kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;.
gphpT - I 2x4=8
vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf:
31 R. tpy;tuj;jpdk; ghlj;jhd; Ntz;Lk; vd
vtw;iwf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;?
 jha; jd; kf;fs; eyNkhL thoNtz;Lnkdr;
nry;tq;fis thhp toq;Fths;. mJ Nghyj; ½
jkpo;j;jha; jiyKiw jiyKiwaha;j; jd;
jpUtbfisj; njhOj jkpo;g;gw;whsh;.
 jkpo; taypid Mo mwpthy; cOjth;> 4
 gadspf;Fk; ey;y fUj;Jfisj; jkpo;epyj;jpy; ½
Cd;WkhW nra;jth;>
 fhyk; Neuk; fUjhJ jkpo;g;gaph; jioj;Njhq;f
tpah;it rpe;j cioj;jth; Mfpa ½
jkpo;gn
; gUkf;fs; midtUf;Fk; vz;zw;w
kzpNghd;w ,yf;fpar; nry;tq;fis <e;jhs;!

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
  mjdhy; mts; gy Mz;Lfs;> NkYk; gy ½
Mz;Lfs;> mjw;F NkYk; gy Mapuk; Mz;Lfs;
tho Ntz;Lk; vdr; R.tpy;tuj;jpdk; tho;j;jpg;
ghbaJ nghUj;jkhdJjhd;.
 NkYk;> vz;zw;w ,yf;fpa tsq;fisf;
½
nfhz;bUe;jJ> gz;ila jkpo;g;gFjpahk;
fghlGuk;.
 mijf; fly; fhT nfhz;L tpOq;fpaJ. ½
 mjd; gpd;Dk; jsuhJ> Rod;W tPRk;
vjph;g;Gf;fhw;iwj; jhz;b> jLj;J epw;Fk;
miyfly;> neUg;ghW> kiyKfL Nghd;w 1
rf;jpfis ntd;W> jkpo; nry;yl;Lk; vd;Dk;
ghliyf; fhyj;jhYk; mopf;ftpayhj>
njhy;fdpkq;fs; gw;wpf; $Wk; cukhd
nra;jpfisnay;yhk; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhz;L ghlj;jhd;
Ntz;Lk; vdr; R. tpy;tuj;jpdk; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
32 jkpoh;fs; Gfo; gop Mfpatw;iw Vw;wjhfg;
GwehD}W $WfpwJ?
Gfo;:
 jkpoh;> Gfo; fpl;Lkhapd; jk; caphpidAk;
nfhLg;gh;. 2 4
gop:
 gop fpl;Ltjhdhy; mjdhy; cyfk; KOtJk;
ngWtjha; ,Ue;jhYk; nfhs;shjth; vd;W 2
GwehD}W $WfpwJ.

33 GfOf;Fhpa gz;Gfshf ePtph; fUJtd ahit?

GfOf;Fupa Fzq;fs;:
 GfOf;Fhpa Fzq;fsha; ehd; fUJtd>
,uf;fk;> <jy; MFk;. 2
 Vnddpy; ,uf;fk; fhuzkha; <jy; epfOk;. 4
 <jy; fhuzkha;f; fhhpakhfpa Gfo; epw;Fk;. 2
clNyhL tho;tJ capUf;F ed;ik
Njbf;nfhs;tjw;Nf.

34 tha;f;fhypd; rpwg;Gfsha;f; Fwpg;gplg;gLtd

ahit?
 gaph; tpisAk; taYf;Fg; gad;glf;$ba
rpWtha;f;fhy; nra;Ak; Ntiyfs; tpag;igf; ½
jUfpd;wd.
 jq;fSf;F czitf; nfhLf;Fk; tay;fSf;Fg;
gad;gLtJ vdg; gyuhYk; vz;zg;gLtJ> ,e;jr; ½ 4
rpwpa tha;f;fhy;.
 ,J flypid kiyahfTk;> kiyia ½
miyflyhfTk; khw;wpaikf;fpd;wJ.
 gUf;iff; fw;fis neWneW vd;W Xir ½
cz;lhFkhW Nja;j;Jr; rpW nghbahfr; nra;J
nfhopf;fpwJ.

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 www.nammakalvi.in
 jd; ty;yikf;F cl;gl;l kz;> fy;> Gy;> GO
Mfpatw;Ws; ,d;d nghUisj;jhd; ,Oj;Jr; ½
nry;tJ vd;wpy;yhky;> vy;yhtw;iwAk; <h;j;Jf;
jdf;Fs;Ns mfg;gLj;jpf;nfhs;fpwJ@
 fhykhfpa jr;rd;> flyhfpa nghpa ePh;g;gs;sj;jpy; ½
fl;Lfpd;w kiyf;F ,it kpfTk;
nghUj;jkhdit vd;W Muha;e;J>
mtw;iwnay;yhk; cUl;bf; nfhz;L nrd;W
flypNy ,LfpwJ.
 gpd;G fjputdpd; fjph;xspapy; Mtpahfp kPz;Lk;
kionadg; nghope;J ngupa kiyfspYs;s ½
rpfuj;ij milfpwJ.
 gpd;G> Fd;Wfs; topNa toe;Njhb mUtpaha;
tpOe;J gkpapd; gy ghfq;fspd; topahfTk;
Eioe;J> RidahfTk; Fjpj;njOe;J XbaJ> ½
rpwpa ePh; Cw;wha; gue;J tphpe;J Mwha; ele;Jk;>
kjF topNa milgl;Lk;> tha;f;fhy; topNa
XbAk; gy ghLfisg;gLfpwJ.
 gpd;G flypidAk;> Nkfj;jpidAk; mile;J jd;
nraiy ,uT gfy; ghuhJ epue;juk; cioj;Jf;
nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpwJ.
gphpT - II 2x4=8
vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf.
35 [Pthtpd; Ngr;Reil Fwpj;Jr; Re;juuhkhrhkp
$Wtd ahit?
 Ngr;Rf;fiy> mth; ngw;w tuk; vd;Wjhd; nrhy;y ½
Ntz;Lk;.
 mNjhL mth; NgRifapy; ntspg;gLk; cj;jpfSk;>
Ngr;ir mikf;Fk; moFk; ntFE}jdkhfTk; ½
espdkhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.
 mtUila ghzp ,uty;ghzp my;y@ fw;W ½
mwpe;jJk; my;y.
 ek; ehl;L kf;fspd; juj;ijAk;> mDgy
mwpitAk;> gof;ftof;fq;fisAk;>
ek;gpf;iffisAk; ed;whfj; njhpe;J nfhz;l xU
1 4
kdpjd;> tp\aj;ijf; fiyNehf;NfhL mZfpf;
fw;gidAk; fye;J ehsiltpy; ntw;wpfukhf
mikj;Jf; nfhz;l Ngr;Rg;ghzp mJ.
 tpraj;ij tz;b tz;bahff; Ftpj;Jg; rpd;d
1
%isfisf; Fog;gp thjidf;F cs;shf;FtJ
gy gpurpq;fpfSf;Fg; nghOJNghf;F. [Pth ,jw;F
vjphp. xU ifg;gpb tpraj;ij tphpthfr; nrhy;ypg;
Ghpaitj;Jtpl;lhy; NghJk; vd;gNj mtUila
vz;zk;.
 Ngr;R gaidj; juNtz;Lnkd;why;> mJ vt;thW
mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gJk; mtUf;Fj; njhpAk;. ½

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 36 /gpnu];Nfh Xtpaq;fs;> fw;wspf; Nfhtpy;fs;
Fwpj;J ePtph; mwptd ahit?
/gpnu];Nfh Xtpaq;fs; :
 /gpnu];Nfh vd;w ,j;jhypar; nrhy;Yf;Fg; 2
„GJik‟ vd;W nghUs;. /gpnu];Nfh
Xtpaq;fs; Rz;zhk;Gf; fhiug;G+r;RkPJ
mjd; <uk; fhAk; Kd; El;gkha;
tiuag;gLk; goikahd Xtpaq;fs;.
 m[e;jh> vy;Nyhuh> rpj;jd;dthry; Nghd;w
,lq;fspy; tiuag;gl;Ls;s Xtpaq;fs;
,t;tifiar; rhh;e;jit MFk;.
fw;wspf; Nfhtpy;fs;: fy; + jsp = fw;wsp
 nrq;fw;fis xd;wd;Nky; xd;whf mLf;fpf; 2 4
fl;Ltijg; Nghy> fUq;fw;fis mLf;fpf;
fl;Lk; Nfhtpy; fw;wspf; Nfhtpy; vdg;gLk;.
 ,/J Vohk; E}w;whz;by; ,uz;lhk;
eurpk;kth;kd; vd;Dk; gy;yt kd;dd;
cUthf;fpa tbtkhFk;.
 kfhgypGuk; flw;fiuf; Nfhtpy;> fhQ;rpGuk;
ifyhrehjh; Nfhtpy;> gidkiyf; Nfhtpy;
Mfpad fw;wspf; Nfhtpy;fSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs;
MFk;.
 KOikahff; fw;fisf;nfhz;Nl fl;lg;gl;l
kpfg;nghpa fw;wspf;Nfhtpy; jQ;irg;
nghpaNfhtpNy MFk;.
37 kiy> kdpj tho;tpy; rpwg;gplk; ngw;Ws;sJ -
vd;gij vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; tpthpf;f.
kiy> kdpj tho;tpy; rpwg;gplk; ngw;Ws;sJ:
 jkpohpd; flTisAk; kiyiaAk; njhlh;GgLj;Jk;
gz;ila gjpTfsha;r; “NrNahd; Nka iktiu 1
cyfk;” vd;Dk; njhy;fhg;gpa mbAk;, “tpz;nghU
neLtiu FwpQ;rpf; fpot”, vd;Dk;
jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil mbAk; jpfo;fpd;wd.
 Nfhl;lh> nfhz;lhNjhuh Nfhz;L > nfha;l;nlh;
Mfpa jpuhtplg; goq;Fb ,dg;ngah;fs; „kiy> 1
Fd;W‟ vdg; nghUs; jUk; nrhw;fisNa
mbg;gilaha;f; nfhz;L Mf;fk; ngw;Ws;sd. 4
 ghz;ba kd;dd; xUtd;> “kyaj;Jt[„ vd
toq;fg;gl;lhd; vd;gJk; kiy vdg; nghUs;gLk;
„kya‟ vd;Dk; nrhy; jpuhtplj; njhlh;Gf;F muz;
Nrh;ff
; pwJ. 1
 jkpoh;fs; jk; tho;tpy;> „EdpKjy; mbtiu‟
mbKjy; Edptiu‟ vd;Dk; njhlh;fisg;
gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;.
1
 ,j;njhlh;fspy; cs;s „kiy‟ vdg; nghUs;gLk;
„tiu‟ vd;Dk; nrhy; tpspk;G vd;Dk; nghUspy;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 www.nammakalvi.in
38 kjpg;Gf;$l;Lg; nghUs;fs; vd;why; vd;d?
 gidkuj;jpypUe;J fpl;Lk; gjePhpypUe;J fUg;gl;b>
gdq;fw;fz;L Nghd;wtw;iw jahhpj;J tpw;gjd;
%yk; mjpf tUtha; fpilf;Fk;. 4
 ,t;thW xU nghUis Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l 4
khw;Wg;nghUs;fsha; khw;Wtij kjpg;Gf;$l;Lg;
nghUs; vd miof;fpd;wdh;.
gphpT - III 3x4=12
vitNaDk; %d;wDf;F tpil jUf:
Fwpg;G: fhJ Nfshj khzth;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpdh
vz;. 42 f;F khw;W tpdh toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
39 Ntw;Wikazp
mzp ,yf;fzk;:
Kjypy; ,U nghUs;fSf;F xg;Gikiaf; $wp>
gpd;dh; mtw;iw NtWgLj;jp> xd;iwtpl xd;W 2
NtWgl;lJ vdf; $Wjy; Ntw;Wikazp MFk;.
rhd;W:
“jPapdhy; Rl;lGz; cs;shWk;> MwhNj 1
ehtpdhy; Rl;l tL”
rhd;W tpsf;fk;: 4
neUg;ghy; Rl;l Gz; tpiue;J MWk;@ ehtpdhy;
Rl;l tL MwhJ vd;gJ ,g;ghl;bd; nghUs;.
mzpg; nghUj;jk;:
Kjypy;> jPapdhy; RLjYk; ehtpdhYk; RLjYk;
xg;Gik Njhd;wf; $wg;gl;ld. gpd;dh;> jPapdhy; Rl;l
Gz; cs;Ns MwptpLk; vd;Wk;> ehtpdhy; Rl;lJ 1
tLthfp tpLk; vd;Wk; NtWgLj;jpf; $wg;gl;likahy;
,J Ntw;Wikazp MFk;.

(my;yJ)
gpwpJnkhopjy; mzpia tpsf;fpj; jFe;j
Fwl;ghTld; nghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
mzp ,yf;fzk;:
ftpQd; xU nra;Aspy; ctikia kl;Lk; $wp> 2
ctNkaj;ijg; ngw itg;gJ gpwpJ nkhopjy;
mzpahFk;.
rhd;W
“gPypnga; rhfhLk; mr;rpWk; mg;gz;lk; 1
rhy kpFj;Jg; ngapd;”
rhd;W tpsf;fk;: 4
kpf nkd;ikahd kapypwif msTf;F mjpfkha;
tz;bapy; Vw;wpdhy; mr;Rk; Khpe;JtpLk;.
mzpg;nghUj;jk;:
kpf nkd;ikahd kapypwif msTf;F
mjpfkha; tz;bapy; Vw;wpdhy; mr;Rk; Khpe;JtpLk;.
,e;j ctikapypUe;J typatiu vspath; gyh; $b 1
ntd;WtpLth; vd;Dk; ctNkak; ngwg;gLfpwJ.
mjdhy;> ,J gpwpJ nkhopjy; mzpahFk;.
(nghUj;jkhd rhd;W kw;Wk; tpsf;fk;
vOjpapUg;gpd; kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;)

8
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 40 ,yf;fpa eak; ghuhl;ly; (ikaf;fUj;Jld; VNjDk;
%d;W eaq;fs; kl;Lk;)

jpuz;l fUj;J> ikaf;fUj;J 2 4

vJif> Nkhid> ,iaG> Kuz;> mzp> re;jk;> Rit
Nghd;w eaq;fspy; vitNaDk; %d;W eaq;fs; 2
vOjpapUg;gpd; kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.

41 gonkhopia tho;f;if epfo;TfNshL njhlh;GgLj;jp

vOJf.
Ie;jpy; tisahjJ Ik;gjpy; tisahJ (my;yJ)
mfj;jpd; moF Kfj;jpy; njhpAk;. 4
gonkhop tpsf;fk; 2
tho;f;if epfo;tpy; gonkhop 1
mwpAk; fUj;J(ePjp)
1
42 jkpohf;fk; jUf.
1. fy;tp> typikahd MAjk;> mjidg; gad;gLj;jp 1
,t;TyifNa khw;wyhk;.
2. cyfpYs;s moif cw;W Nehf;FtNj
%isiaj; J}a;ikg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Kjy; 1
Kaw;rpahFk;. 4
3. fz;%bj;jdkhf cyfk; KOtijAk; xU
fz; nfhz;L ghh;j;jhy; fz;zha;j; 1
njhpfpwJ.
4. cyfpy; ghh;f;f tpUk;Gk; khw;wkhf ePq;fs; 1
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
42 fhJNfshj khzth;fSf;fhd khw;W tpdh
1. kwe;jJk; kiwe;jJk; - ,J Nghd;w ,uz;L
njhlh;fis cUthf;Ff.
gbj;jJk; gilj;jJk;
mwpe;jJk; miwe;jJk; 1
fwe;jJk; fiuj;jJk;
2. mope;j tuyhW> Gjpa ntspr;rk; - mbf;Nfhbl;l
nrhw;fspd; vr;r tiffis vOJf. ½
mope;j - nganur;rk;
Gjpa - Fwpg;Gg; nganur;rk;
3. mopahr; rpwg;gplk; - ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;Gj;jUf. ½
mopah - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rk; 4
4. Kjypa> Kjyhd - nghUswpe;J nrhw;nwhlh;
mikf;f.
Kjypa - rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy>
rPtfrpe;jhkzp> tisahgjp> Fz;lyNfrp Kjypa
E}y;fs; Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; vdg;gLk;. 1
Kjyhd - rpyg;gjpfhuk; Kjyhd
Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; jkpopy; cs;sd.
5. gj;jpapy; cs;s cah;T rpwg;G ck;ikiaf;
fz;L vOJf. 1
Nguhrphpah;fSk; kjpj;Jg; Nghw;Wk; gzpfisr;
nra;jhh;.

9
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 43 mr;Rg;gb jpUj;Jgthpd; gzpfis vOJf.

 %yg;gbapy; cs;sgbNa nra;jpfs;

mr;rhfp cs;sdth? vd;W xt;nthU
1
thpiaAk; gbj;J ftdpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
 nra;jpapd; cs;slf;fk;> Gs;sptptuq;fs;>
vz;fs;> ml;ltizfs; Kjypad
tpLgl;Ls;sdth vd;gij %yg;gbNahL
xg;gpl;L ftdpj;jy; ,d;wpaikahjJ. 1
Vnddpy; Gs;sptptuq;fs; khwpdhy;
nra;jpapd; nghUspy; Kuz;ghL Vw;gLk;.
 mr;Rg;gbiaj; jpUj;JNthh; nra;jpapd;
cUitNah cs;slf;fj;ijNah khw;Wjy;
$lhJ. 1
 gpio Vw;gl;l nrhy;ypd; kPJ vOJjy;
$lhJ.
 xU thpapy; ,lg;gf;fg; ghjpapy; tpil
,Ue;jhy; ,lg;gf;f XuKk;> tyg;gf;fg; 1
ghjpapy; gpio ,Ue;jhy; tyg;gf;f XuKk;
jpUj;jk; jUjy; mr;rpLNthUf;Fk;
gaDilajhf mikAk;.
4
 gpiofis Xuk; tiu NfhbOj;Jf;
fhl;Lk;NghJ NkYk; fPOk; cs;s thpfs;
ghjpf;fg;glhky; ghh;j;Jf;nfhs;Sjy;
Ntz;Lk;.
 xU thpapy; xd;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l gpiofs;
,Ue;jhy; gpiofis Fwpf;Fk; NfhLfisj;
njspthff; fhl;ly; Ntz;Lk;.
 xU nrhy;ypy; gpiofs; gy ,Ue;jhy;
mr;nrhy;iyNa ePf;fp tpl;Lr; rhpahd
nrhy;iyj; njspthfg; gf;f Xuj;jpy;
jUjy; Ntz;Lk;.
 vz;zpd; ,ilapy; gpio ,Ue;jhy; me;jj;
njhifia KOtJkhfg; gpioapd;wp
vOjpf; fhl;Ljy; ey;yJ.
 mr;Rg;gbapy; ,Uf;Fk; tz;zj;jpw;F
khwhd tz;zKila ikahy; jpUj;Jjy;
Ntz;Lk;. ,J gpiofisj; njspthff;
fz;lwpa cjTk;.
(VNjDk; ehd;F fUj;Jfs; vOjpapUg;gpd;
KO kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.)

gFjp -IV

,U gf;fq;fSf;F kpfhky; tpil jUf. 3x6=18

44 m) ed;D}y; nghJg;ghapuk;> rpwg;Gg; ghapuk; thapyhf
mwpayhFk; nra;jpfisj; njhFj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu:
6
E}iyg;Ghpe;J nfhs;sTk;> mjd; rpwg;ig
czh;e;J tpUg;gj;Jld; me;E}iyf; fw;f cjTk;
ghapuk; MFk;. xU E}Yf;F mzpe;Jiuahff;

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 www.nammakalvi.in
fUjg;gLk; ghapuk; gw;wp ed;D}y; $Wk; nra;jpfis
mwpe;J nfhs;Nthk;.
nghJg; ghapuj;jpd; tuyhW :
 E}ypd; ,ay;G 3
 Mrphpah; ,ay;G
 fw;gpf;Fk; Kiw
 khzth; ,ay;G
 fw;Fk; Kiw vd;Dk; Ie;ijAk; $WtJ
nghJg;ghapuk;.
rpwg;Gg; ghapuj;jpd; ,yf;fzk;:
 E}yhrphpah; ngah;
 E}y; gpd;gw;wpa top
 E}y; toq;fg;gLfpd;w epyg;gug;G 3
 E}ypd; ngah;
 njhif> tif> tphp vd;gtw;Ws; ,d;djpy;
,aw;wg;gl;lJ vd;Dk; ahg;G.
 E}ypy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; fUj;J
 E}iyf; Nfl;Nghh; (khzth;)
 E}iyf; fw;gjdhy; ngWfpd;w gad;> Mfpa
vl;Lr; nra;jpfisAk; nrk;ikahfj;
njhptpg;gJ rpwg;Gg; ghapuj;jpd;
,yf;fzkhFk;.
 E}y; ,aw;wg;gl;l fhyk;> mJ
muq;Nfw;wg;gl;l mitf;fsk;> mJ
,aw;wg;gl;ljw;fhd fhuzk; vd;Dk;
,k;%d;iwAk; NkNy $wg;gl;Ls;s vl;Lr;
nra;jpfSld; Nrh;j;Jf; $WNthUk;
cs;sdh;.
KbTiu:
Mapuk; Kfj;jhd; Nghy; gy;Jiw nra;jpfis
xU E}y; nrwpthf Mokhff; $wpdhYk;
me;E}Yf;Fg; ghapuk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk; mzpe;Jiu
,y;iyNay; mJ rpwe;j E}yhfhJ.
(my;yJ)
M) ghujpjhrd; xU „Gul;rpf;ftp‟ vd;gij cjhud;
ghj;jpuk; thapyha; nka;g;gpf;f.
Kd;Diu:
“jkpiog; gopj;jhy; jha; jLj;jhYk;
tplhNj”> vdj; jkpOzh;Tk;> ,dTzh;Tk;
Njhd;Wk;gb Gul;rpfu rpe;jidAila rpw;gpahfj;
6
jpfo;e;J gy ,yf;fpaq;fs; gilj;J
“Gul;rpf;ftp” vDk; ,yf;fpaj;jOty; %yk;
midtuhYk; Gul;rpf;ftpahff; fUjg;gl;l
ghNte;jh; ghujpjhrd; cjhud; vDk; ghj;jpuk;
thapyhfg; Gul;rpf;ftpahf jpfo;tij
,f;fl;Liuapy; fhz;Nghk;.

11
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 cjhud; gilg;G: 1
 ghujpjhrd; jhk; gilj;j cjhud; vd;Dk;
ftpQidg; Gul;rpf;ftpQdhfTk; Gul;rpfur;
rpe;jid cilatdhfTk; gilj;Js;shh;.
 murdpd; kfshd mKjty;ypf;Ff; ftpij
fw;gpf;fr; nry;Yk; cjhud;> ,sturpiaf;
fhjypg;gtdhfg; gilj;Js;shh;> ghujpjhrd;.
kd;ddpd; kfisf; fhjypg;gtdhfTk;
mf;fhjYf;fhfj; jd; caph;
NghFnkd;whYk; cWjpNahL epw;gtdhfTk;
gilj;Js;shh;.
ghujpjhrdpd; Gul;rpfur; rpe;jid:
 kd;dd; mspf;Fk; jz;lizf;F mQ;rhJ 1
csj;JzpNthL fsj;jpy; epw;Fk; Nghuhspahf
cjhud; gilf;fg;gl;Ls;shd;. nfhiyf;fsj;jpy;>
kf;fspd; Kd;dpiyapy; cjhud; epfo;j;Jk; ciu>
ghujpjhrdpd; Gul;rpfur; rpe;jidfSf;F
vLj;Jf;fhl;lha; mikfpd;wJ.
ciog;ghsh;fspd; Njhs;fshy; tpise;jit:
 ghl;lhspfspd; ciog;igAk;> mth;fNs 1
G+kpg;ge;jpy; ehfhpfj;ij tiue;jth;fs; vd;Wk;
NgRfpwhd;> cjhud;. ciog;ghspfspd; Njhs;fs;
tpistpj;jit ahit vd;W NgRfpwhd;.
ghl;lhspfspd; if td;ikia vLj;J
,ak;Gfpwhd;. ,t;thW ciog;gpd; cd;djj;ij
Koq;Fk; ghj;jpukhf cjhud; gilf;fg;gLfpwhd;.
xU kdpjd; Njitf;Nf ,j;Njrk;:
 kf;fSs; ,UtUf;F tof;nfd;why; murdplk;
nry;thh;fs;. murNdhNlNa tof;F vd;why; 1
nghJkf;fNs jPh;ff ; Ntz;Lk; vd;fpwhd;> cjhud;.
vDk; fUj;ij murDf;Fk; vdf;Fk; xU
tof;Fz;lhf mt;tof;ifg; nghJkf;fs; jPh;gg ; Nj
rhp” vd;w mbfs; top mwpayhk;.
khrpy;yh cah;jkpo;:
 jd;dhy; jdJ jha;jkpOf;Fg; gop te;J
Nrh;e;Jtplf;$lhJ vd;W gijg;gtdhf cjhud; 1
gilf;fg;gl;Ls;shd;. cah;Fb kf;fSf;F
vspathpd; caph; gwpj;jy; nghOJNghf;F vdf;
nfhe;jspf;fpd;whd;.
kf;fSf;Nf MSk; chpik:
 murDf;Fg; gpd; Ml;rpiag; nghWg;Ngw;ftpUe;j
jdJ fhjyp mKjty;yp> Ml;rpiag; nghJthf;f
epidj;jhs; vd;W $Wtjd;%yKk;> kd;duhl;rpapy; 1
kd;ddplk; mjpfhuk; KOtJk; Ftpe;Js;s
epiyiaf; fLikahfr; rhLtjd; %yKk; cjhud;
Gul;rpf;fhudhfTk;> Gul;rpfur; rpe;jidiag;
gilj;jjd; %ykhfTk; ghujpjhrd;
Gul;rpf;ftpahfj; jpfOtijAk; fhzyhk;.

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 KbTiu:
muR vd;gJ kf;fSf;fhdNj vd;W
fhye;NjhWk; ,yf;fpa tbtq;fspd; %yk; ftpQh;fs;
typAWj;jp tUtij ,f;fl;Liu top mwpaKbfpwJ.
45 m) ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;J tho;T elj;jpa
jkpoh;fspd; tho;tpy; ,Ug;gplq;fspd; ngah;fSk;
,aw;ifNahL ,iae;Nj ,Ue;jd- $w;wpid
nka;g;gpf;f
Kd;Diu:
“NrNahd; Nka iktiu cyfk;” vd;W
njhy;fhg;gpaKk;> “tpz; nghUneL tiu FwpQ;rpf;
fpot” vd;W jpUKUfhw;Wg;gilAk; Fwpg;gpLtJ
%yk; “iktiu cyfk;” neLtiu vd;W
,lg;ngah;fs; ,aw;ifNshL ,iae;Nj ,Ue;jJ
vd;gij ehk; czuyhk;. mjid nka;g;gpf;Fk;
tifapy; rpy rhd;Wfs; fhz;Nghk;.
Mjpapy; tho;e;j epyk;:
jkpod; njhlf;fj;jpy; tho;e;j epyk;>
FwpQ;rpahFk;. FwpQ;rp vd;gJ kiyAk; kiy rhh;e;j
,lKkhFk;. vq;Fk; ,aw;if moF Fbnfhz;bUf;Fk; 1
kiyg;gFjpapy; tho;e;j jkpod; ehsiltpy; Ky;iy>
kUjk;> nea;jy; Nghd;w epyq;fspy; nrd;W gutp
thoj; njhlq;fpdhd;. mg;gb tho;tjw;F Kad;w
jkpod;> jhd; ,Uf;Fkplj;jpw;Fj; jd;idr; #o
mike;jpUf;Fk; ,aw;ifr; #oiyf; fUj;jpy;
nfhz;Nl ngahplj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
6
kiyahy; ngah; ngw;w Ch;fs;:
ghz;b ehl;bNy kJiuf;F mUNf xU
kiyAk;> Nrhoehl;bNy xU kiyAk;> njhz;il
ehl;bNy xU kiyAk; mike;Js;sd.
mk;kiyfisr; rhh;e;J Ch;fs; mike;Js;sd. 1
vdNt> mt;T+h; kf;fs; mk;kiyfis kwthky;>
jk;%h;fSf;F KiwNa ahid kiy> Rthkp kiy>
jzpif kiy(jpUj;jzp) vdg; ngahpl;Ls;sdh;.
NfhL vd;gJ kiyiaf; Fwpf;Fk;. mj;jifa
NfhL xd;W Nryk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;sJ.
mf;Nfhl;bid xl;b tho;fpd;w kf;fs;> jk;%Uf;Fj;
„jpUr;nrq;NfhL‟ vd;W ngahpl;Ls;sdh;. mf;NfhL
nre;epwk; tha;e;jjhy; mJ nrq;Nfhlhapw;W.
Nrhiyahy; ngah; ngw;w Ch;:
jpUf;Fw;why kiy mbtuhuj;jpy; fz;ftUk;
jz;zWQ;Nrhiyfs; cs;sd. mr;NrhiyfSf;F
eLNt Xh; Ch; cs;sJ. mt;T+h; kf;fs;> jk;%hpd;
,aw;if eyj;jpidf; fz;L ,d;Gw;Wj; jk;%Uf;Fg;
1
„igk;nghopy;‟ vd;W ngahpl;ldh;. m/J ,f;fhyj;jpy;
„ghk;Gsp‟ vdj; jphpe;J toq;FfpwJ.
kuq;fshy; ngah;ngw;w Ch;!:
nfby ejpf;Fj; njd;fiuapy; ghjphp kuq;fs;
13
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 www.nammakalvi.in
epiwe;j ,lk; cs;sJ. mt;tplj;jpy; mk;kuq;fs; #o
tho;e;j kf;fs; jk;%Uf;Fj; „jpUg;ghjphpg;GypA+h;‟ vdg; 1
ngahpl;ldh;.
gRf;fshy; ngah; ngw;w Ch;!:
Ky;iy epyj;jpNy Njhd;Wk; Ch;fs;
ngUk;ghYk; ghb vd;Dk; ngah; ngWk;.
jpUj;njhz;luhfpa rz;Nl];Rth; gRf;fis Nka;j;J>
<rdf;Fg; G+rid Ghpe;j ,lk; cs;sJ. mq;Fj; 2
jq;fp thoj; njhlq;fpa kf;fs;> jk;%Uf;fj;
„jpUMg;ghb‟ vdg; ngahpl;ldh;.
,t;thW ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;J tho;e;j
gz;ila kf;fs;> mt;tt;tplj;Jr; rpwg;gpw;Nfw;gg;
ngahpl;L toq;fpa jpwid vz;zp neQ;rk; tpk;kpjk;
nfhs;fpwJ.
KbTiu:
jkpo; ,yf;fpak;> tuyhW ,tw;iw MuhAk;
nghOJ kiy vd;Dk; ,lg;ngah; Kd;ndhl;lhf 17
,lg;ngah;fspYk;> gpd;ndhl;lhf 84
,lg;ngah;fspYk; ,lk; ngw;wpUg;gij Mjhukhff;
nfhz;L> ek; gz;ilj; jkpoh; ,lq;fSf;Fk;
,aw;ifNahL ,iae;j ngaiu itj;J kfpo;e;j
tho;e;jpUf;fpd;wdh; vd;gJ GydhfpwJ.
(my;yJ)
M) „fy;Yk; fij nrhy;Yk;” vd;Dk; njhlh;
jQ;irg; nghpaNfhtpYf;Fg; nghUe;Jtij tpsf;fp
vOJf.
Kd;Diu : jQ;irg; nghpaNfhtpypd; NfhGuq;fs;>
ee;jp> fw;wspfs;> tpjhdk;> Xtpaq;fs;> fy;ntl;Lfs;
vdf; Nfhtpypd; xt;nthU fy;Yk; tuyhW xd;iwj;
jhq;fp epw;fpd;wd.
,e;jpaf; fl;llf;fiyfs; :
 ehfuk;> Ntruk;> jpuhtplk; ½
NfhGuf;fij:
 caukhd „Nfushe;jfd; NfhGuk;‟ ,uhruhrd;
Nruehl;il ntw;wp nfhz;lijg; Nghw;Wk; ½
6
tifapy; ngahplg;gl;ljhff; $wg;gLfpwJ.
fy;ntl;Lf;fij:
 1886Mk; Mz;L n[h;kdp mwpQh; \Py;]; MW
Mz;Lfs; jPtukhf fy;ntl;Lfisg; gbnaLj;J
,uhruhrNrhod; jhd; jQ;irg; nghpaNfhtpiyf; 1
fl;batd; vd;W cWjp nra;jhh;.
Xtpaf;fij:
 NrhodJ fiyr;rpwg;ig ntspfhl;Lk; Xtpaq;fs;
Nfhtpypd; Rth;fspy; tiuag;gl;Ls;sd.
fw;wsp Nfhapy; : 1
 nrq;fw;fis xd;wd; Nky; xd;whf mLf;fpf;
fl;LtJ Nghy> fUq;fw;fs; mLf;fpf; fl;Ltjw;Ff;
fw;wsp vd;W ngah;.

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
  ,uhruhrdhy; MW Mz;Lfspy; Kad;W fl;b
Kbf;fg;gl;lJ. 1
 „jl;rz NkU‟ vd;W ,uhruhrdhy; ngUikAld;
miof;fg;gl;lJ.
 ,jd; tpkhdk; 216 mb cauk; cilaJ.
fUtiw tpkhdk; 13 jsq;fisAilaJ.
gpuke;jpuf;fy; :
 rpfuj;jpYs;s gpuke;jpuf;fy; fUtiw
tpkhdj;jpd;Nky; MuQ;R gor;Ris Nghd;W
vl;Lf;fw;fs; neUf;fkhf itj;J xl;lg;gl;lit. 1
ee;jp nrhy;Yk; fij:
 Nfhtpypy; ,uhruhrd; fhyj;jpy; cUthf;fg;gl;l
ee;jp njd;Gwj;jpUr;Rw;wpy; cs;sJ. nghpa ee;jp ½
ehaf;fh; fhyj;jpy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
fy; nrhy;Yk; fij:
 Rw;W tl;lhuj;jpy; vq;FNk kiyfs; ,y;yhj
jQ;rhT+Uf;F ntFnjhiytpypUe;J fw;fisf;
nfhz;Lte;J fw;wsp vOg;gpf; Nfhtpy;
fl;bAs;shd;> ,uhruhrd; vd;gJ „fy;Yk; fij ½
nrhy;Yk;‟ vd;Dk; ,j;njhlh; jQ;irg;
nghpaNfhtpYf;F Kw;wpYk; nghUj;jkhf
mikfpd;wJ vdyhk;.
KbTiu :
goq;fhyf; fl;llq;fs; xt;nthd;Wk; khngUk;
tuyhw;Wr; rpwg;gpidj; jd;dfj;Nj nghjpe;J
itj;jpUf;Fk; ngUik kpf;fd. vdNt> njhd;ik
tha;e;j fl;llq;fspd; „xt;nthU fy;Yk; xU fij
nrhy;Yk;‟ vd;W Fwpg;gpLtJ cz;L.
46 m) “ahid lhf;lh;” fij thapyha; ,aw;if>
caphpdg; ghJfhg;G Mfpait Fwpj;J ePtph;
mwpe;jtw;iwj; njhFj;J vOJf.
Kd;Diu:
n[aNkhfd; ehfh; Nfhtpiyr; Nrh;e;jth;.
,aw;if Mh;tyh;. ahidiag; ghj;jpukhf itj;J
“Cikr; nre;eha;> kj;jfk;” - Mfpa fijfis
vOjpAs;shh;. “ahid lhf;lh;” %yk; ehk; mwpe;J
nfhs;Sk; ,aw;if caphpdg; ghJfhg;G Fwpj;Jf;
fPo;f;fz;lthW fhz;Nghk;.
,aw;if: 6
xU ehl;bd; tsk; fhl;Ltsj;jidg; nghWj;Nj
mikAk; vd;gh;. fhL nropj;jhy; ehL nropf;Fk;. 3
mlh;e;j fhLfspy; ahid> rpq;fk;> Gyp> khd;
Kjyhd tpyq;Ffs; tho;fpd;wd.
gy;NtW tifahd gwitfSk; tho;fpd;wd.
Neha; jPH;f;Fk; %ypiffs;> Njd; Nghd;wtw;iw ehk;
fhl;bypUe;Nj ngWfpd;Nwhk;. re;jdkuk;> Njf;F kuk;>
%q;fpy; Nghd;w mhpa tif kuq;fs; tpistJk;
fhl;by;jhd;. mk;kuq;fs; fhw;wpYs;s J}ir
mfw;wpj; J}a;ikg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 jl;gntg;g epiyiar; rkg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
fhl;bYs;s kuq;fs;jhd; Nkfq;fisf; Fsph;tpj;J
kioahfg; nga;ar; nra;fpd;wd. ,g;gbg; gy
tiffspy; ed;ikmspf;Fk; fhl;il kdpjd; jd;
Raeyj;jpw;fhf mopj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhd;.
caphpdg;ghJfhg;G:
FbapUg;Gfisf; fl;Lk; Nehf;fpYk;>
gytif kug;nghUs;fisr; nra;J nghUsPl;l
Ntz;Lk; vd;Dk; fUj;jpYk;> kdk; Nghd
3
Nghf;fpy; fhl;bYs;s kuq;fis ntl;b
tPo;j;jpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhd;. xU kuk; ntl;bdhy;
,U kuk; tsh;e;jpl el;Lf; fhf;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;Dk; nghUs; nghjpe;j thrfj;ij vtUk;
kjpg;gjpy;iy.
Rw;Wyh nry;tjha;f; $wpf;nfhz;L gyh;fhl;by;
Eioe;J> kJitf; Fbj;Jtpl;L myl;rpakha; mjd;
Fg;gpiaj; J}f;fp vwpe;Jtpl;Lr; nry;fpd;wdh;.
cile;j mf;Fg;gpapd; gFjpfs; ahidapd; fhypy;
gjpe;J> ehsiltpy; mjd; clw;gFjpapNy jq;fpg;
Gz; Vw;glr; nra;J mjw;Fg; ngUe;Jd;gk;
,ioj;JtpLfpd;wd.
vdNt> kz;tsk; fhf;fTk;> kiotsk;
ngUfTk;> njhopy;tsk; rpwf;fTk;> caphpdk; thoTk;>
kdpjd; jd; nghWg;gpid mwpe;J nray;gl;lhy;
fhLfs; nropg;Gw;W tpsq;Fk;.
KbTiu:
ehk; ,aw;ifia tpl;L tpyfp tho;e;J
tUfpNwhk;. ,jdhy;> ,d;iwa kdpjd;
tho;thjhuj;ij ,oe;J tUfpd;whd;. tUq;fhy
re;jjpapdiuf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L ,aw;ifiaAk;>
td caphpdq;fisAk; ghJfhg;Nghk; vd;w
fUj;Jfis ahid lhf;lh; ekf;F czh;j;JfpwJ.
(my;yJ)
M) gpk;gk; fijapd;thapyhfg; gpugQ;rd;
njspTgLj;Jk; kdpj Kfq;fisg;gw;wp tpthpf;f.
Kd;Diu:
ek; xt;nthUthplKk; jdpj;jd;ikfs;
tpUg;gq;fs; cs;sd. MapDk;> gpwNuhL cwT
nfhs;ifapy; mth;fSf;Nfw;wthW ek;ik kiwj;J>
khw;wpf;nfhs;fpNwhk;@ tise;J nfhLf;fpNwhk;.
Mdhy; ek; kdrhl;rp ek;Kila ,ay;ig
epidT+l;bf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. cz;ik Kfj;ij 6
,oe;J milahskw;w jd;ikapy;; khw;wp ehk;
fhl;Lfpw gpk;gk; gw;wp ek; kdrhl;rpiaf; Nfs;tp
Nfl;gNjhL ek; mriyAk; epidT+l;LfpwJ
,r;rpWfij.
MSk; kd;ddh mjpfhhpah?
 fe;jd; fl;ll Ntiy nra;Ak; njhopyhsp. mtd; 2
khiy Ntisfspy; kd;ddhf khwp Nkil
ehlfj;jpy; ebg;ghd;@ mjpfhuk; gilj;j
mjpfhhpahfj; Njhd;wp kpLf;fhf elg;ghd;@

16
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
 www.nammakalvi.in
Nghh;Kidf;Fr; nry;Yk; tPudha;j; Njhd;wp
Mh;g;gl;lkha; Koq;Fthd;.
 ,g;gb mtd; vj;jid Ntlkpl;lhYk; mtd; ahh;?
kd;ddh mjpfhhpah Nghh;tPudh? my;yd;.
 ehlfNkilapy; Vwp ebf;Fk; me;j ehd;F kzp
Neue;jhd; kd;dd;> mjpfhhp> Nghh;tuP d;! Nkilia
tpl;L ,wq;fptpl;lhy; mtd; fl;ll Ntiy nra;Ak;
fe;jd;jhd;.
 ,e;j cz;ikia vy;yhUk; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhYk;>
nrhe;j tho;f;ifapy; ,e;j cz;ikia Vw;f
vtUk; jahuhapy;iy.
vy;NyhUk; ebf;fpNwhk;@ Nkilapy; md;W!
 Mk;@ vy;NyhUk; ebf;fpNwhk;. vth; Kd;Dk;
ebf;fpNwhk;@ ve;j NeuKk; ebf;fpNwhk;.
 ehk; ehkhf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. kdr;rhl;rpapid 1
kiwj;Jtpl;L> ek; cz;ikahd Kfj;ijf;
fow;wptpl;L> xt;nthUtUf;Nfw;g Kf%bfis
khw;wp khw;wp mzpe;J> Vkhw;WfpNwhk;.
 ,Ugj;Jehd;F kzp Neuk; ehk;
ebj;Jf;nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. mjdhy;jhd;
Nrf;]g ; pah;> “,e;j cyfNk ehlfNkil@ mjpy;
midj;J Mz;fSk; ngz;fSk; ntW ebfh;fNs.
xUtUf;Nf gy Ntlq;fs; cz;L” vd;whNwh?
jg;gpg;gjw;F! ahhplkpUe;J?
 mjw;fhf kf;fs; jq;fspd; cz;ikahd
Kfq;fis kiwj;J Kf%b mzpe;J
nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. vjw;fhf? 1
 jg;gpg;gjw;fhf! ahhplkpUe;J? ngw;NwhhplkpUe;J!
ez;ghplkpUe;J! kidtplkpUe;J! Vd;
jd;dplkpUe;Jq;$l.
 kidtpaplkpUe;J$lth vdr; rpyh; Nfl;fyhk;!
mtsplKk; gy Kfq;fs;!
 ,jw;Fg; gpugQ;rd;> “mtsplKk; gy Kfq;fs;
jahuhd epiyapy; ,Ue;jd. vd; Kfj;ij
mtSNkh mts; Kfj;ij ehDNkh ,d;Wtiu
ghh;j;jjpy;iy.
 ,it Nghypfs; vd;W vq;fs; ,UtUf;Fk;
njhpAk;. tha;tpl;Lr; nrhy;ypf;nfhs;tjpy;iy>”
vd;fpwhh;. 1
 ,e;j cz;ikiar; re;jpf;f ehk; vt;tsT
Ntjidg;glNtz;bapUf;fpwJ!
mg;gbnad;why; kdpjDf;F cs;s
cz;ikahd Kfk; vJ?
rkhjpapy; kdr;rhl;rp!
 ,jw;Fg; gpugQ;rd;> “KfNk ,y;iy!” vd;fpwhh;.
,jd; nghUs;?
kdr;rhl;rpNa ,y;iy vd;gJjhd;.

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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
  mjid mbj;J nehWf;fp mOj;jptpl;Lj;jhd;
kdpjd; MSf;Nfw;g khw;wpkhw;wp Kf%bfis 1
mzpe;J nfhz;L jd;ikdAk; gpwiuAk;
Vkhw;wpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhd;!
KbTiu:
,e;j cyfNk ehlf Nkil. mjpy; midtUk;
ntWk; ebfh;fNs. xt;nthUtUf;Fk; mwpKfKk;
KbTk; cz;L. xUtUf;Nf gy Ntlq;fSk; cz;L.
gy Kfq;fSk; cz;L.
gFjp - V
mbgpwohky; nra;As; tbtpy; vOJf.

47 m) Afj;jpd; ghly;
VL njhlf;fp itj;J vd;dk;ik 4
kz;zpNy jPl;bj;jPl;b vOJtpj;j 4
tpuy;Kidiaj; jPapNy Njha;j;J
jpirfspd; Rtnuyhk;
vOjj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;
vOfpd;w Afj;jpNdhh; ghliy.
- R.tpy;tuj;jpdk; 2
M) jhsw;wpj; je;j nghUnsy;yhk; jf;fhh;f;F
2
Ntshz;ik nra;jy; nghUl;L.

kjpg;ngz; gFg;gha;T
kjpg;ngz; nkhj;j Gj;jf mfta nkhj;j
tpdhf;fs; tpdhf;fs; tpdhf;fs; kjpg;ngz;fs;
1 kjpg;ngz; 14 10 4 14
tpdhf;fs;
2 kjpg;ngz; 16 15 1 32
tpdhf;fs;
4 kjpg;ngz; 13 10 3 52
tpdhf;fs;
6 kjpg;ngz; 6 6 - 36
tpdhf;fs;
kdg;ghlg;ghly; 4+2 1 - 6
nkhj;j 122 18 140
kjpg;ngz;fs;
rjtPjk; 87% 13% 100%

jkpo;j;Jiw
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp>
rf;fuhk;ghisak;>mfuk; mQ;ry;> vyr;rpg;ghisak;>
jpUr;nrq;NfhL tl;lk;> ehkf;fy; khtl;lk;. 637202.
CELL : 99655-31727, 94432-31727
www.nammakalvi.in
18
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727