MAKALAH

BAHASA INGGRIS

“PERFECT TENSES WHICH INCLUDE”

OLEH KELOMPOK 4 :

ZULFIRAH NURHALIMAH (1814201223)

REVIOLA AGUSTIN (1814201217)
FAJAR KURNIAWAN(1814201205)

PROGRAM STUDI KEPERAWATAN

STIKes PERINTIS PADANG
BUKITTINGGI
2018/2019

FOREWORD
 Thank you, the writer said for the presence of Allah SWT who has given abundance of grace
and grace so that the author can complete this paper, entitled "Pefect Tenses Which Include".
This paper is one of the assignments for ENGLISH courses. On this occasion the author
would like to express his gratitude to the lecturers of the English Language courses and
friends who have helped the author so that they can finish this paper well. The author
understands with full awareness that this paper is still far from perfection. This is because of
the limited ability and knowledge that the author has. For this reason, the writer really hopes
for constructive criticism and suggestions to improve this paper in the future. Finally, the
writer hopes that this paper will be of use to the readers and especially to the Nursing
Students of STIKes Perintis PADANG.

Bukittinggi,28 DESEMBER 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword................................................ .................................................. ...........
Table of contents................................................ ...................................................

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION............................................... .............................

1.1 Background............................................... .......................................................
1.2 Formulation of the Problem ............................................... .............................
1.3 Destinations ................................................ ....................................................

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION............................................... ..................................

A. Understanding Present Perfect Tense ............................................................
B. Present Perfect Tense Formula .......................................................................
C. Present Perfect Tense Function ......................................................................

CHAPTER III
CLOSING............................................... ………...................................................
3.1 Conclusions ................................................ .................................................. ..
3.2 Suggestions…………………………………………………………………...
BIBLIOGRAPHY................................................. .................................................

CHAPTER I
 PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background

English is the international language. By mastering English well, we will be able to

communicate with other nations in this world. In addition, we will also be able to add insight
and our knowledge. But speaking English is not as easy as turning your palm because there
are many structures in an English learning system such as grammar, tenses, etc. Not many
people who learn English understand and know correctly what tenses are, what kinds, etc.

In this paper we will discuss a number of tenses namely "Present Perfect Tense, past perfect
and Future Tense" to deepen our knowledge of tenses and their explanations.

1.2 Problem Formulation

The formulation of the problem that we found in making this paper are:

1. What is meant by Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense

2. When is the Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense used?

3. What are the formulas / rules for making sentences Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense?

1.3 Purpose

1. To find out the Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense.

2. To find out when the Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense are used.

3. To find out what formulas / rules make the sentence Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense

A.Present Perfect Tense

PERFECT PRESENT TENSE is the grammar used to express an activity that occurred before
this time. These activities occur at certain times that are not specific in the past
.
In addition, the present perfect can also show that an activity is repeated several times or
often occurs in the past. However, without showing a specific time.
Present Perfect Contoh
Kalimat positif
Subject + have/has + past • I have visited Paris so many times.
participle form
Contoh tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hingga saat ini,
saya telah kerap mengunjungi Paris, meski tidak
ditunjukkan waktu kunjungan yang spesifik.

• The weather has been nice lately.

Contoh kedua menunjukkan bahwa cuaca akhir-akhir

ini cerah (tetap tidak ada waktu yang spesifik).
Kalimat negatif
Subject + have/has not + past • I’m experiencing writer’s block. I have not written
participle form anything in the past week.
• She has not replied any of my messages.
Kalimat pertanyaan
Have/has + subject + past • You look pale. Have you eaten anything today?
participle form + ? • Has my brother gone insane? He’s throwing away
his future by flunking college.

B.Past Perfect Tense

PAST PERFECT TENSE is the grammar that is used to express an activity that has ended
before a certain time in the past.

So, if you look at the example below, it will appear that the past perfect tense is accompanied
by compound sentences that can be in the form of simple past or past continuous because all
activities have occurred and ended in the past.

Past Perfect Contoh

Kalimat positif
Subject + had + past participle • I had eaten when mom came home bringing lunch.
form
Contoh tersebut menunjukkan bahwa saya telah usai
 makan saat ibu pulang membawa makanan.

• By the time he went to bed, he had finished his

homework.

Contoh kedua menunjukkan bahwa ia telah

menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumahnya saat ia pergi tidur.
Kalimat negatif
• The teacher had not stopped talking when the bell
Subject + had not + past participle rang.
form • The boy had not crossed the road when the car
rushed and hit him.
Kalimat pertanyaan
Had + subject + past participle • Had you delivered the message by this time last
form + ? week?
• Had I locked the car when we left it at the parking
lot?

C.Future Perfect Tense

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE is the grammar used by an activity that will be completed /
occur at a certain time in the future

Future Perfect Contoh

Kalimat positif
Subject + will + have + past • I will have reached the top tier management by the
participle form next five years.

Contoh tersebut menunjukkan bahwa saya akan telah

mencapai puncak manajemen dalam lima tahun ke
depan.

• Mother will have retired from work by the time I

finish college.

Contoh kedua menunjukkan bahwa ibu akan telah

pensiun dari pekerjaannya saat saya lulus kuliah.

Kalimat negatif

Subject + will + not + have + past
participle form
Kalimat pertanyaan
Will + subject + have + past
participle form + ?
• The teacher will not have tolerated the same
behavior if it happens again the next semester.
• They will not have surrendered even if we have
successfully breached their fort.
• Will you have finished breakfast when I pick you up
tomorrow morning at 8?
• Will she have done all her homework for Monday
before we go on vacation this weekend?

CHAPTER III

COVER

3.1 Conclusions

Present Perfect Tense (time is finished now) is a tense that is used to express actions, events,
events that occur in the past and still have to do with now or to show an event that is
completed in a short time, while Simple Future Tense is used to express actions or actions
that will be carried out in the future.

3.2 Suggestions
From the studies that have been done, it is expected that we will understand more about
tenses in English in this case the "Present Perfect Tense, past perfect and Future Tense".
because in English there are rules in the learning process, especially the pronunciation.

Readers and writers also want to involve themselves in applying English in everyday life
because English is an international language.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Student Book ENGLISH 1

Simanjuntak,Herpinus. Bahasa Inggris Sistem 52M Jilid 3.Bekasi: Kesaint Blanc, 2008

Simanjuntak,Herpinus. Bahasa Inggris Sistem 52M Jilid 2.Bekasi: Kesaint Blanc, 2008

Doeta.Tenses 16 Bentuk Waktu.Surabaya.Amanah.

Gontor,English Grammar 2.Ponorogo.Darussalam Press.1422 H