PGCB-2014

BUET

 Find Ic & VCB

10−0.7
IE= 2 = 4.65mA= IC
10=VBC+IcRC
 VBC= 10 – 4.65*1= 5.35V
 VCB= -5.35V

 Find I1 & I2

I1= 0A
5−3
I2= 500 = 4mA

 Draw the structure of fiber optic cable & write the basic components of fiber optic communication system.

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 For the maximum frequency B draw the spectrum of DSB-SC and SSB & VSB

 Convert Y to ∆ equivalent circuit

20∗𝑗20+𝑗20∗ −𝑗160+20∗ −𝑗160 3200−𝑗2800
Zab= = = 17.5+ j20
−𝑗160 −𝑗160

3200−𝑗2800
ZBC= 20
= 160-j140
3200−𝑗2800
ZCA= = -140-j160
+𝑗20

 Find the voltage drop across C at resonance condition.

At resonance XL=XC=200Ω
100
I=10+𝑗(200−200)=10A

Vc= I*Xc= 10*200= 2000V

 An IM has Cu loss of 300W and 4.5% slip. How much entire power is converted to mechanical power
Rotor Cu loss= s*rotor input Rotor output= (1-s)*rotor input= 6367W
300
 Rotor Input= 0.045= 6667W

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 Find the voltage & current ratios of the following transformer?

 Write short note about different loss in transformer.

Core loss & Cu loss, where Core loss can be divided into two loss hysteresis loss & eddy current loss

Hysteresis loss: During each AC cycle current flowing in the forward direction & reverse directions, magnetizes
& demagnetizes the core alternatively. Energy is lost in each hysteresis cycle within the magnetic core. This loss
is known as hysteresis loss.

Eddy current loss: Eddy current are not useful for doing any work, but further it will produce I2R loss inside
the magnetic material.

Cu loss: Cu loss is the term often given to heat produced by electrical current in the conductor of transformer
winding. Cu loss is directly proportional to the square of the load current.

 Find the line current & total power of the circuit.

400
IAB= 10+𝑗10= 28.28<-45°= Phase Current
So Line current= √3* 28.28= 49A

Total 3∅ power= 3*28.28^2 *10= 24000W

 Convert 0.25 PU reactance of 500MVA, 18KV to new per unit reactance having new base of 100MVA &
18KV

𝐾𝑉 𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑀𝑉𝐴 𝑛𝑒𝑤 18 100

XPU (New) = XPU (old)* [𝐾𝑉 𝑛𝑒𝑤] ^2 *[ 𝑀𝑉𝐴 𝑜𝑙𝑑 ] = 0.25*[18] ^2 *[500] = 0.05 PU

 A 100KVA distributing transformer has maximum efficiency of 98% at unity PF operate. It runs 14 hours at
50% load and 10hours at no load. Find out all day efficiency.

Output= 100*1= 100Kw

𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
ŋ= 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
 Input Power= 102.04KW

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 Loss= 102.04 – 100= 2.04KW=2040Watt
2040
Iron loss= Cu loss= = 1020Watt [At maximum efficiency]
2

Iron loss for 24 hour= 1020*24= 24.48KWw- hr.

1
CU loss at 50% load for 14 hours= 4*1020*14= 3.57KW-hr
100
Total output power= 2
*14= 700Kw-hr
700
ŋ= %100%= 96.15%
700+24.48+3.57

 Why DC motor need starter? Draw its diagram?

We know, V=Eb+Ia*Ra
𝑉
At starting Eb=0, So Ia=𝑅𝑎
Since armature resistance Ra is of small value, so initially armature current Ia is of higher value and hence it is
necessary to use starter to limit the starting current of a DC motor.

 The per unit values of positive, negative & zero sequence reactance’s of a network at fault are 0.08, 0.07 and
0.05 respectively. Determine the fault current if the fault is line to line to ground fault.

Let ER= 1.0 PU Z1= j 0.08 Z2= j0.07 Z0= j0.05

−3∗ 𝐸𝑅∗𝑗0.07 0.21<−90°

IF= 𝑗0.05∗𝑗0.08+𝑗0.08∗𝑗0.07+𝑗0.05∗𝑗0.07= 0.0132<180°= +j16 PU

Electrical High Voltage Jobs Preparation

Electrical High Voltage Jobs Preparation