Project: Two Storey 3 Door Apartment General Notes:

Job No.: 20190228 Column C-3

Client: Emma Abueva
Design by: Engr.Mark Anthony V. Nigos
Date: 28 February, 2019
Sheet: 2 Of 5

Jerv Works Const. Ref: Reinforced Concrete Design, 6th ed., pg. 470, by Wang and Salmon
*Input data in green cells

RECTANGULAR COLUMN
with eccentric load
Allowable service load

Structural Notes:
1. ACI Code provides that the longitudinal steel shall be no less than 1% nor more than 8% ACI-10.9.1
and that at least 4 for tied columns.
2. No longitudinal bar shall be farther than 15 cm. clear on either side from such a laterally supported bar.
3. Lateral ties shall be at least 10mm in size for bars up to 32mm and at least 12mm in size for
35mm, 45mm, 57mm and bundled logitudinal bars.

Column no. 3 Total allowable

service load 3 -16mm
specification 622.72 kN
fc' 20.70 MPa
fy 276.00 MPa

structural system P
unbraced against sidesway b = 30 cm 2 - 16mm

service load e
service Dead load 150.00 kN
service Live load 150.00 kN
load eccentricity e - cm h = 30 cm

column (min. b or h = 20 cm)

least side b 30.00 cm
side h 30.00 cm OK- column capacity
concrete cover (min. 4 cm.) 4.00 cm
Lu, unsupported length 4.00 m

reinforcement (min. 4 - 16mm)

along side b along side h ties
main bar no of bar main bar no. of bar 10mm
16mm 3 16mm 3
actual bar ratio 1.79% should be 1 - 8%

Results
1. Service Dead Load capacity =311.36 kN
2. Service Live Load capacity = 311.36 kN
3. Compression controlled
4. Ties 10mm @ 26 cm. c. to c.
5. OK - longitudinal bar spacing
6. Slenderness effect critical - increase col. dimension

solution:
converted to U.S. unit
fc' 3002.121 psi
fy 40028.28 psi
service Dead load 33.723 kips
service Live load 33.723 kips
load eccentricity e 0 in.

least side b 11.811

side h 11.811 in.
concrete cover (min. 1.5 in.) 1.5748 in.
Lu, unsupported length 13.12 ft.

11.811 in.

Pn
11.811 in.

e 2.284 in.

9.527 in.

0.003

Pn
d"
d"" e

a=.85x

T Cc Cs

Check whether tension or compression controlled

d' dist. of vert. r-bar ctr .to edge of column 2.284 in.
d" dist. Of Pn to edge of concrete 5.9055 in.
d"" 3.6215
locate the neutral axis for the balance strain condition
e= 0
min e = .10*h 1.1811 in.
use max e 1.1811 in.
B1 0.85
but not less than 0.65
final B1 0.85 ACI-10.12.1
d = h - 2*b' 9.527 in.
xb = .003*d/(fy/Es+.003) 6.5249171 in.
ab = B1*xb 5.5461796 in.
compute the forces Cs,Cc and T
fy/Es 0.0013803
Cc = .85*fc*ab*b 167158.21 lb.
As' at side b = area of bar*no. of bars 0.9366 in^2
T = As*fy 37490.487 lb.
Є's >>>>> fy/Es
Є's = .003(xb-b'/xb) 0.0019499 >>>>>> 0.001380286 fy/Es
Compression steel yields
Cs=fy(As')-(B1*fc'*As') 35100.468 lb.
compute Pb and eb
Pb balance nominal strength = Cc+Cs-T 164768.1921 lb.
For rotational equilbrium about the plastic centroid
Pb*eb = Cc(d-a/2-d'')+Cs(d-d'-d'')+Td'' 786496.2329 in-lb
eb = Pb/Pb, in. 4.773349898 >>>>>>>> 1.1811 max e
THIS IS A COMPRESSION CONTROLLED
when the section is compression controlled use Method 1
otherwise use Method 2 tension controlled
Method 1
A. By static solution ( when compression controlled )
Pb = 164768.19 lb.
eb = 4.7733499 in.
determine the location of the neutral axis
Cs=A's(fy-.85fc') 35100.468 lbs
E
Cc=.B1fc'*b.85x) 25618.442 x
T = As*fs
d= 9.527
A B
T=As8fs=As*(Es*.003*(d-x))/x 776299.9734 - 81484.2
x
Taking moments about Pn,
0 = Cs*x-Cc*x+Tx
Cs*x = 127116.35
Cc*x
T*x
hence,
x3= 21775.676 1
x2= -302579.4 -13.89529
x= 335957.37 15.428103
I= -5622741 -258.212

NEWTON'S METHOD OF APPROXIMATION:

c= c' - fx/fx'
3+ 2
Ax Bx +Cx +D =0
1 -13.8953 15.4281 -258.211998 =0
3 -27.7906 15.4281
c' = 11.811 15.28096 14.24723514 14.10263 14.0999 14.0999 14.09990077 14.0999008 14.09990077 14.0999
fx = -366.749 301.1077 33.03410772 0.600191 0.000211 2.58E-11 0 0 0 0
f x' = 105.6926 291.2844 228.4401851 220.1601 220.0052 220.0052 220.0051717 220.005172 220.0051717 220.0052
c= 15.28096 14.24724 14.10262789 14.0999 14.0999 14.0999 14.099900769 14.09990 14.09990 14.100
c= 14.100

compute internal forces and strength Pn

Cs= 35100.468 lbs.
Cc= 361217.49 lbs.
T= -26427.08 lbs.
Pn = Cc + Cs - T 422745.03 lbs.
423 kips

check by a moment equation about the plastic centroid

0 = 127116.3467 + -95705.66 + -31410.68794
0 = -2.03727E-10

B. By Whitney Formula compression controlled - approximate method

determine the nominal compressive strength Pn
Pn = b*h*fc'/((3*h*e/d)+1.18)+As'/(e/(d-d')+.5)
nominal compressive strength Pn = 311734.74 lb.
312 kips
hence Pn = select conservative value between Method A and B
312 kips

Method 2 ( when tension controlled )

Cc = .85*fc'*a*b = .85*fc'*.85*x*b 25618.442 x
say y = .85*fc'*.85*b 25618.442
Cc = y*x
force equilibrium requires
Pn = Cc+Cs-T
say Q = Cs-T -2390.019 lb.
Q' = e+(d-d')/2 3.6215
Q'' = Cs(d-d') 254232.69
z = (Q'-d)/.425 -13.89529
z' = Q*Q'-Q''/(.425y) -24.14512
x 15.457343 in.
Therefore
Cc = y*x 395993.04 lb.
Pn = Cc+Cs-T 393603.02 lb.
394 kips

(required) Final Pn = 312 kips

(required) Final Pu = Pn*.7 218.4 kips
1.7LL 57.3291
1.4DL 47.2122
actual Pu = 1.7 LL + 1.4 DL 104.5413 kips << 218.4
OK- column capacity

% LL 0.5483871
%DL 0.4516129
ultimate live load capacity 119.76774 kips
ultimate dead load capacity 98.632258 kips
service live load capacity 70 kips
311.36 kN
service dead load capacity 70 kips
311.36 kN
check slenderness effect
min. col. dimension 11.811 in.
e= 1.1811 in.
r = .30*h 3.5433 in.
kLu/r 44.433156
22 22 >> 44.43315553
Slenderness effect critical - increase col. dimension

check reinforcement ratio ACI -10.8.4

Pg = Ast/Ag .01 >>>>>> 0.017903978 >>>>> .08
when condition is met, % of reinforcement OK

check reinforcement spacing

actual spacing 2.9911 in. >> 1.5
OK - longitudinal bar spacing
calculation of ties
ties spacing
s = 16*dia of longitudinal bar 10.0864 in.
s = 48*dia of ties 18.912 in.
s = least dimension of column 11.811 in.
selected least s 10.0864 in.
26 cm