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Module 5
Instruction Guide

STRUCTURES OF A CELL

RATIONALE

This lesson is designed to familiarize students with cell structures (organelles) and their functions.
Students will locate and identify animal and plant cell structures.

The student demonstrates an understanding of the structure, function, behavior, development, life
cycles, and diversity of living organisms by describing the structure-function relationship.

The delivery of instruction will employ the use of (Review, Visualize, Design) RVD Approach.
The teacher will serve as facilitator of learners as they go through the supplied lesson guide to be
technically followed by the students.

OBJECTIVES

Briefly explain the major functions of each cellular organelles. Identify the major of movement
across the cell membrane and explain how they work.
Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular organelles
Explain the postulates of the cell theory.

EXPECTED OUTPUT

Answers to the guide questions found in the activity sheet entitled “Structures of a
Cell.”

TIME ALLOTMENT

1 hour
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MATERIALS NEEDED:
1. PC or Laptop
2. Pictures of Plant and Animal Cells
3. Video Clips
 Animal Cell And Plant Cell Parts And Functions
 Biology: Cell Structure
4. DLP (LCD Projector), Optional
5. Activity Sheet, “Structures of a Cell.”

PROCEDURE:
A. Teacher will start the lesson from the Review phase, the students will continue from the
Visualize up to the Design phase.
B. Video Clips will be shown to the students using the DLP or LCD TV.
C. Students will follow the step-by-step procedure found in the activity sheet.

Review
 Teacher will distribute activity sheets to each student.
 Teacher will start the lesson by giving a pre-activity discussion to prime the learners about
the topic.
 Students may ask the teacher for any clarification with regards to the lesson.
 If necessary, teacher can give lecture to give further theoretical knowledge to the learners.
Visualize
 Students will read the learning guide and thoroughly examine the samples given in the
activity sheets.
 Teacher will show the video clips using DLP or LCD TV.
 Labeled cross section pictures of plant and animal cells will be posted on the board.
 Students will watch the following Video clips on the projector:
1. Animal Cell And Plant Cell Parts And Functions
2. Biology: Cell Structure

Design
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 Students will label the plant cell and animal cell on the provided activity sheets

 Based on the students reviewed and visualized concepts students will analyze and answer
the guide questions provided.

 Students will make analogy of the cell and relate it to the study related to chromosomes.

EXERCISES

Answer the guide questions found in the Activity Sheet, “Structures of a Cell.”

REFERENCES

1. K to 12 SHS STEM Specialized Subject – General Biology Guide

STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-1
STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-2

2. Video Clip 1, Animal Cell And Plant Cell Parts And Functions. https://www.
youtube.com/watch?v=USGw7G1V-no

3. Video Clip 2. Biology: Cell Structure. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?

v=URUJD5NEXC8&t=326s
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ACTIVITY SHEET
STRUCTURES OF A CELL
No. 3
Phase 1: Review
Key Words:

1. Cell membrane (or plasma membrane) - acts as the boundary of the cell. Anything that enters the
cell must pass through the membrane, and so must anything leaving the cell.
2. Lipids – chains of fatty acids
3. Nucleus – part of the cell that controls most of the activities of the cell
4. Cytoplasm – contains the cytosol, organelles, vesicles and cytoskeleton

Key Ideas:

Cell is the basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all
living things are composed. A single cell is often a complete organism in itself, such as
a bacterium or yeast. Other cells acquire specialized functions as they mature. These cells cooperate with
other specialized cells and become the building blocks of large multicellular organisms, such as animals
and humans. Most cells possess common structures. The three basic parts of most cells are the membrane,
the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
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Phase 2: Visualize
I. Label the parts of the plant and animal cells below:
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that carries genetic material; mitochondria that

generate energy; ribosomes and rough endoplasmic
reticulum that manufacture proteins; smooth
endoplasmic reticulum that manufactures lipids used for
making membranes and storing energy; and a thin lipid
membrane that surrounds the cell. Plant cells also
contain chloroplasts that capture energy from sunlight
and a single fluid-filled vacuole that stores compounds
and helps in plant growth. Plant cells are surrounded by
a rigid cell wall that protects the cell and maintains its
shape.

An animal cell typically contains several types of

membrane-bound organs, or organelles. The nucleus
controls the cell’s activities and stores the genetic
information that is carried from generation to
generation. The mitochondria generate energy for the
cell. Proteins are manufactured by the ribosomes that
sit on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The Golgi
apparatus packages, distributes, and exports lipids and
proteins, while lysosomes store enzymes for digesting
food. The entire cell is wrapped in a lipid membrane
that selectively permits materials to pass in and out of
the cytoplasm.

Plant cells contain a variety of membrane-bound

structures called organelles. These include a nucleus
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Phase 3: Design
Guide Questions:

1. What is the job of the nucleus? _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the three parts that make up most cells? _________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. What part of a cell would you study if you wanted to observe chromosomes? Why?
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
4. Generate a list of cell organelles. Next, in your mind, consider parts, objects, people or anything related
to your house. Generate a second list of something or someone in your house that has an analogous
function to each organelle.
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
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LESSON PLAN
OBJECTIVE:
Briefly explain the major functions of each cellular organelle. Identify the major of movement
across the cell membrane and explain how they work.
Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular organelles
Explain the postulates of the cell theory

LEARNING TASKS:
Subject Matter:
STRUCTURES OF A CELL
REFERENCE:
K to 12 SHS STEM Specialized Subject – General Biology Guide
STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-1
STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-2
TEACHING STRATEGIES:
Review Phase
ABSTRACTION:
In this activity, students will use an activity guide based on RVD approach. Students are
given individual copy of the activity sheet, they will answer the HOTS based guide questions.
Visualize Phase
APPLICATION:
Use activity worksheet based on RVD approach. Students will read and analyze the technical
worksheet. Answers on the guide questions can be answered using their own words based on
the concepts found in the worksheet.
Design Phase
ACTIVITY:
Use the activity worksheet “STRUCTURES OF A CELL”
ASSESSMENT:
Answer the guide questions in the worksheet, hint can be found from the given concepts in
your activity sheet.
ASSIGNMENT:
Draw the Singer and Nicholson mosaic of the protoplasm. Label each part.