Asian Institute of Technology and Education

ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION
Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by Teachers in Teaching TLE in

Asian Institute of Technology and Education: Its impact on the Performance
of the TLE College Students
A Basic Research Presented to the Research Council
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Secondary Education
(Major in Technology and Livelihood Education)
By
AGUILA, JOHNA CLARISE

MENDOZA, JOHANNA CLAUDETTE R.
MOLINIG, MARIANE V.
PANAPANAAN, DESIREE
ILAGAN, ARNEL
CALICDAN, FRANCE JEARALD J.
GALANGGA, JAMIL
PECSON, LEVI REGINALD
ILAW, HAROLD
DE GUZMAN, ANGELO L.
A. Y. 2019 - 2020
AITE College -Education Department

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers are extending their deepest and sincerest gratitude to the
following people who supported and gave assistance in the preparation up to the
completion of the study.
Hon. Nilo S. Gret Ed. D. School President, whose wisdom contributed
better of her study;
Mharlyn A. Ceria M.A., their Adviser, for the limitless support, guidance and
for providing the power of positive attitude for the researchers to pursue their study
Marigirl March Abo , Dean of College Department, for constantly reminding
the researchers that all the hardship in writing a manuscript are mere trainings of
personality and professionalism.
To all the teachers of Asian Institute of Technology and Education, who
wholeheartedly took part in the conduct of the study.
To Fourth year students of BSED-TLE Major, who wholeheartedly took part
in answering the research instrument;
To their friends, who have given her full support and encouragement along
this entire endeavor.

And above all, the Almighty God, for the strength, will power and wisdom
which enable the researchers to realize their goal in life.
AGUILA, JOHNA CLARISE

MENDOZA, JOHANNA CLAUDETTE R.
MOLINIG, MARIANE V.
PANAPANAAN, DESIREE
ILAGAN, ARNEL
CALICDAN, FRANCE JEARALD J.
GALANGGA, JAMIL
PECSON, LEVI REGINALD
ILAW, HAROLD
DE GUZMAN, ANGELO L.
APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of
Secondary Education, this thesis entitled “Adequacy of Instructional Materials
Used by Teachers in Teaching TLE in Asian Institute of Technology and
Education: Its impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students”
prepared and submitted by (Bold Name), has been examined and is hereby
recommended for approval and acceptance.
MHARLYN A. CERIA
Adviser
__________________________________________________________________
Approved by the Research Council on Oral Examination.
[NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK] [NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK]

Member Member
[NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK]

Chairman
Approved and accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of (Bachelor in).
DR. NILOS. GRET, CPA

Dean/President
Date of Oral Examination
ABSTRACT

The study aimed to find out the Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by
Teachers in Teaching TLE in Asian Institute of Technology and Education: Its
impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students.
The8 staff / teachers and the 11 BSED-TLE fourth year students of Asian
Institute of Technology and Education were the respondents of the study. This
study utilized statistical measures to solve the sub- problems of the study.
Frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation and percent were utilized for the
perception of the respondents.
On the student respondents six (6) or 55 percent are Male followed by five
(5) or 45 percent who are Female.
On the staff respondents ten (10) or 91 percent of the respondents are
single followed by one (1) or 9 percent who are married. . Five (5) or 62.5 percent
are Male followed by five (3) or 37.5 percent who are Female.
Findings revealed that adequacy of instructional materials are significantly
related to performance of the TLE college students.
Based on the findings and conclusions made, the following are
recommended: Schools/institutions must have adequate facilities that provide an
atmosphere and amenities for student success, educators must strive to improve
student performance as well as to improve the education process. Provide possible
improvements in order to help school leaders to make the best decisions
concerning facility improvements .Library should provide adequate number of

books/published or printed instructional resources available for the total number of
enrolled students. Teachers should check the instructional materials often to
ensure that it is still working and in good running condition.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

Title Page
Acknowledgment
Approval Sheet
Grammarian Certificate
Table of Contents………………………………………………………….i
Abstract……………………………………………………………………..ii
CHAPTER
I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction…………………………………………………..1
Background of the Study…………………………………...2
Theoretical Framework……………………………………..2
Research Paradigm………………………………………...4
Statement of the Problem……………………………….....4
Hypothesis…………………………………………………...5
Scope and Limitation…………………………………….....5
Definition of Terms……………………………………….....6
II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Related Literature…………………………………………...7
Related Studies…………………………………….............10
III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design…………………………………………...13
Population and Sampling Technique…………………….13

Research Instrument……………………………………....14
Research Procedures……………………………………...14
Statistical Treatment of Data……………………………...14
IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
A. PART I. Profile of the Respondents………….……………………..15
B. PART II Presentation of the Staff and Student respondents……..18
V SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary………………………………..……………………25
Findings………………………………………...…………….26
Conclusion……………………………………...……………31
Recommendations…………………………………………..31
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………….32
APPENDICES
Appendix
A Survey Questionnaire………………………………..33
B Letter of Permission to the Schools Administrator..38
C Approval Letters of the participating Schools……..39
D Curriculum Vitae of Researchers…………………...40

GRAMMARIAN’S CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the undersigned has reviewed and went through all the
pages of the Research entitled “Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by
impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students
Signed this 6th day of November, 2018 at _________________________
______________________.
Signed:
____________________
Marigirl March Abo, Ll.B.
Grammarian

ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION Page | 1
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Technology and Livelihood Education is a program which equips learners
with knowledge and information, skills and process, right work values and life skills
in the field of Home Economics, Computer Aided Design, Carpentry, Clothing
Construction, Electricity and Electronics, Agriculture, Foods and Beverage,
Handicrafts, Cosmetology, Home Nursing, Industrial Arts, Agri-Fishery Arts, and
Information Communication Technology (ICT), (K to 12 Toolkit). The alignment of
TLE curriculum in the escalating demand of skilled employees will enable the
graduate to obtain certification and employment. Thus the need for the realistic and
experiential learning aided by the right and adequate tools, equipment and
machines for instruction is necessary. Instructional materials are the tools teachers
use to teach their students. Excellent instructional material has a big impact on the
students learning since students learn most by doing. Together with the excellent
instructional materials are its adequate numbers of units in proportion with the
number of the students. Engaging in hands on activities gives the learners idea on
how this experience can be applied in a real life situation.
This instructional material serves as an aid for instruction. Through this, the
teacher will be able to make his/her strategies in teaching more effective and
meaningful. It is much easier also for students to learn and understand their lesson
as well as acquire the skills necessary in the field. Further, the adequacies of
instructional materials that will support the student’s effective learning also have its

own demand in the educational system. Thus, the study will be conducted to
determine the adequacy of the instructional materials in teaching Technology and
Livelihood Education among college students Major in TLE in the AITE, Tiaong,
Quezon
Background of the Study

Instructional materials are the tools teachers use to teach their students.
Excellent instructional material has a big impact on the students learning since
students learn most by doing. Together with the excellent instructional materials
are its adequate numbers of units in proportion with the number of the students.
Engaging in hands on activities gives the learners idea on how this experience can
be applied in a real life
As a future teachers, the researchers wanted to find out how important
adequate instructional material on learning and to excel in the field.
Theoretical Framework
The purpose of teaching materials is not to usurp the role of the teacher, nor
even to make his task easier. Their main purpose is to make it possible for the
teacher to teach more effectively, more interestingly, and more economically. It is
equally important that the materials should help the pupil to learn more easily and
more rapidly. Teaching materials, to justify their presence in the classroom, must
be capable of contributing to the achievement of the linguistic, cultural, and general

educational aims of the foreign-language programed. Another function of the
materials is to facilitate the integration of the various aspects of the language
teaching and also the integration of the language teaching with other subjects of
the curriculum. Since the foreign-language programed covers several years, it is
necessary for the teacher to have at his disposal a wide variety of materials,
making it possible to progress with an increasing sophistication to match the
increasing maturity of the pupils and their continually growing command of the
foreign language. In this way a wide range of good teaching materials will help
greatly to reinforce the pupils’ initial desire to learn the language and will assist in
sustaining their enthusiasm throughout the teaching process
Instructional material theories assume that there is a direct link between the
materials that the teachers use, and the students’ learning outcomes. These
outcomes include higher abilities to learn, quality strategies to learn and perform
classroom activities and positive attitude towards learning. Further, these theories
assume that instructional materials have the capacity to develop into students the
highest order of intellectual skills as they illustrate clearly, step by step how to
follow the rules/principles and elaborate on the concepts, all of which have positive
impact on solving new problems by analyzing the situation and formulating a plan
(Gagné et al.2005)..

Research Paradigm
Independent Variable Dependent Variable

A Respondents Profile (Students)
 a. age
 b. gender Performance of the TLE
College Students
(Staff/ Teachers)
 age
 gender
 educational attainment
 length of work experience
 position
B. Common Instructional Materials
Used in the Study Area According
to Student’s Responses
 models
 laptops/e-learnings
 Instructional manuals
 Books
 Laboratory materials
Figure 1. Research Paradigm
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to find out “Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by
The study was guided by the following research questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
a. age
b. gender

c. civil status
2. What are the perception of teachers and students on how instructional materials
affect students’ performance?
3. What are the challenges that teachers in schools face in accessing instructional
materials?
4. What are the strategies that teachers use to minimize the challenges of attaining
and using quality instructional materials?
Hypothesis
Is there a significant relationship between adequacy of instructional
materials used by teachers and the performance of the TLE college students?
Scope and Limitation
This study is limited on “Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by
impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students which are composed of 19
respondents from staff and students of AITE.
The questionnaire is composed of the Profile, and perception of the
respondents in different aspect of adequacy of instructional materials of teachers
and impact to performance of students.

Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of this study, the following terms are defined.
Age. Is the length of somebody’s or something’s existence or the length of
time that somebody or something has existed, usually expressed in years.
Gender. It refers to male and female category of the respondents
Adequacy. Instructional resources that are enough in quantity for the
instruction of learners.
Instructional resources. These are resources selected by a teacher of
learners to help meet the needs of these learners in gaining information or
understanding about a concept.
Audio media. These are media that involves hearing. Examples of audio
media are radio, tapes, telephone, disc recordings, telephone and sound
distribution systems.
Audio- visual media. These include films, television, video tapes,
demonstrations and motion pictures.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES
This chapter deals with the review of related literature and relevant studies
regarding the key concepts which are the bases in the formulation of the
conceptual framework, research paradigm from which the research evolve.
RELATED LITERATURE
Instructional Materials
While a teacher’s job does not end in managing the classroom, planning and
evaluating, the instructional materials also has a big part in teaching learning
process. Student’s enthusiasm, involvement and willingness to learning process
greatly relies on the material that the teacher used in the classroom. Instructional
materials must serve as a vehicle for improving the quality of learning for every
student. The following guide questions cited by Corpuz and Lucido (2008) express
the standards to consider in the selection of instructional materials: Instructional
Materials give a true picture of the idea/ subject presented. Instructional Materials
contribute meaningful content to the topic. The instructional materials help the
teacher achieve the instructional objectives. The instructional materials are
appropriate for the age, intelligence, and experience of the learners. The physical
condition of the instructional material is satisfactory. Instructional materials help to
make students better thinker and develop their critical faculties. The instructional
materials worth the time to expense and effort involved.

The use of instructional materials greatly helps the students in remembering
important information. When properly used, they help gain and hold the attention of
students. With the availability of the audio -video materials it can be very useful in
supporting a topic, and the combination of both audio and visual stimuli is
particularly effective since the two most important senses are involved. Instructors
should keep in mind that they often are salesmen of ideas, and many of the best
sales techniques that attract the attention of potential clients are well worth
considering. The instructional material should keep student attention on the
subject; it should not be a distracting device. A good instructional material also can
help solve certain language barrier problems considering the continued expansion
of technical terminology in everyday usage. This, coupled with culturally diverse
backgrounds of today's students, makes it necessary for instructors to be precise
in their choice of terminology.
The Various Roles of Instructional Materials in the Different Modes of
Teaching/Learning
The roles of instructional materials can be divided into three broad groups,
which may be described as the following: mass instruction techniques,
individualized-learning techniques and group-learning techniques.

Individualized Learning
As cited by Tagura (2014), the role of instructional materials in individualized
learning is radically different from that in a mass-instruction system. In the latter,
their role is generally supportive, with the main vehicle of instruction being the
teacher or trainer in control of the class; in an individualized-learning system, on
the other hand, the materials themselves constitute the vehicle whereby instruction
takes place. Thus, it is particularly important that such materials should be
designed and produced with the greatest case, for, if they are not, the system
could (at best) fail to achieve all its instructional objectives and (at worst) break
down completely. Some of the specific ways in which instructional materials can be
used in individualized learning are given below: •Providing instructions and/or
guidance on how the learner should carry out a particular course or program of
study; •Providing the actual material that has to be learned or worked on during the
course or program; •Providing the learner with exercises for diagnostic or
assessment purposes; • Providing supplementary or enrichment material. As in the
case of mass instruction, a large number of different types of media and materials
can be used to fulfill these various functions.
Adeogun (2001) discovered a very strong positive significant relationship
between instructional resources and academic performance. According to
Adeogun, schools endowed with more resources performed better than schools
that are less endowed.
Fuller (1986) as cited by Likoko (2013) suggested that the quality of instructional
processes experienced by a learner determines quality of education. Mwiria

(1985), as discussed by Motsutso (2013) also supports that students performance
is affected by the quality and quantity of teaching and learning resources. The
author noted that institutions with adequate facilities such as textbooks stand a
better chance of performing well in examination than poorly equipped ones.
Wales, (2009) as cited in Wambui, (2013) argued that the use of
instructional material not only makes discovered facts glue firmly in the memory of
learners but also makes learners enjoy participating in lessons and motivate them
to repeat the activity during their free time.
Naz and Akbar (2010) further argue that instructional media have many
advantages in terms of repeatability, transportability and increased equity access.
Furthermore, Instructional Media assist teachers to transmit the knowledge in an
impressive way making learning more effective as they help learners in greater
acquisition of knowledge.
Related Studies
Today's teachers are challenged by difficult task of educating young learners
to meet the demands of an increasingly global and modern world. The Philippines
is one of the many countries preparing its citizens to address the critical problems
in the 154 The Normal Lights, 8(2) economy, society and even that of the
environmental.
In line with these changes, researchers, educators, and educational policy
makers show increasing concern on the need for greater emphasis on student-
centered science instructions, in response to the increasing issues on students'
performance. As reported by Cruz (2005), science teaching has become more

flexible, responsive, and dynamic to meet the changing times and to take into
account the influences of the contemporary psychologists. As such, there has been
a change in emphasis for science teaching. The how’s of teaching science is not
only limited to Discovery and Process approaches. Other methods, such as the
use of material sources or instructional aids supplement the major methods where
children learn both content and processes of science (Cruz, 2005).
A study conducted by Gogo (2002) on the input of cost sharing on access,
equity and quality of secondary education in Rachuonyo district found that the
quality of education had remained average for the entire period 1996 to 1999. The
author concluded that performance could be attributed to inadequate teaching and
learning materials and equipment. In addition, Gogo recommended that in order to
provide quality education the availability of relevant teaching /learning materials
and facilities is crucial.
According to Muthamia (2009), teachers can only be effective and productive
in their work if they have adequate and relevant facilities. In addition, Makau (1986)
as cited by Lokoko (2013) stated that instructional materials such as textbook and
science equipment for both teachers and students are key variable in student’s
learning and performance at all school levels.
Furthermore, Maundu (2007) states that instructional resources play an
important role in explaining the wide variation in academic performance among the
students.
Motsutso (2013) states that for effective teaching and learning, textbook and
resource materials are basic tools, in absence or inadequacy makes teachers

handle subjects in an abstract manner, portraying it a dry and non-exciting
(Eshiwani 1984). In addition, Ayot and Briggs (1992) Lokoko (2013) point out that
poor results in education relates to the amount of resources and instructional
materials allocated to it. This study dwelt more on textbooks and integration of ICT
in education as they are critical instructional materials
The development and maintenance of physical facilities in educational
institutions by communities, parents, and sponsors should continue to be
encouraged. This is because lack of such facilities interferes with learning process.
Musau (2004) found out that lack of library facilities was one of the most
serious problems standing in the way of achieving high education standards in
learning institutions whereas Ayoo (2002) carried out a study on the effects of
school physical facilities on academic performance and established that availability
of facilities had a direct link with the performance of learners in examination.
Educational institutions in the country are implementing ideas to answer the
demands of times in partaking critical and perceptive ideas for students to motivate
and effectively learn their studies. Teachers use an educational learning which is
not only theoretical but also practical. This is accomplished by providing
multimedia-aided instruction and materials suited to the different types of learners.
As stated by Dela Pena, S. (2012), with media education, teachers and students
both achieve critical, analytical and creative skills that enable them to think
independently and to become well-informed and active citizens of this nation.

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes the research design, population and sampling
technique, research instrument, research procedure and statistical treatment of
data.
Research Design
The researchers used the descriptive research method.
Research Locale
The researcher conducted the study to the staff and fourth year BSED-TLE
students of AITE which is located in Tiaong, Quezon. The researchers became
interested to study on this school because the researchers want to know the
impact of adequacy of instructional materials to the performance of college
students.
Respondents
The respondents of this study were the grade 19 staff and students. The
participants were 8 staff and 11 BSED fourth year students which were purposively
selected..
Research Instrument
The study utilized the data gathered from the results of the questionnaire
answered by the respondents. All necessary data are included in the questionnaire

specifically the profile, perception about the attitude towards English and Parental
Motivation, the performance in comprehension and listening skills.
Research Procedures
The study used the data gathered from the result of the survey
questionnaire answered by the respondents for analysis and interpretation. All
necessary data are included in the questionnaires.
Permissions from the Dean of the institution was secured before the
conduct of the study as a standard operating procedure. The questionnaires were
distributed to the respondents provided with clear instructions and implications
about the study. Answered questionnaires were retrieved and tallied. The results of
the questionnaires of the respondents were evaluated and tabulated.
Statistical Treatment
For better analysis and discussions, the study used statistical measures to
solve the sub- problems of the study. Frequency distribution, percent, mean and
standard deviation were utilized for the perception of the respondents.

Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter is a presentation of the analysis and interpretation of data with
reference on the statements of the problem formulated in the study.
Part I. Profile of the Respondents
The respondents of the study were eight (8) staff and eleven (11) BSED
fourth year –TLE Major Students of Asian Institute of Technology and Education
Tiaong, Quezon.
Their distribution according to their age, gender, civil status educational are
shown in the following tables:
A. Student Profile
Age
Table 1.Distribution of Student Respondents in terms of Age
Age Frequency Percentage (%)
18-20 0 0
21-23 9 82
24 above 2 18
TOTAL 11 100
Table 1 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of age. Nine (9) or 82
percent comes from ages 21-23. This is followed by Two (2) or 18 percent belongs

to the ages 24 and above and the least age comes from 18-20 which is Zero (0)
percent.
Gender
Table 2.Distribution of Student Respondents in terms of Gender
Gender Frequency Percentage (%)
Male 6 55
Female 5 45
TOTAL 11 100
Table 2 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of Gender. Six (6) or
55 percent are Male followed by five (5) or 45 percent who are Female.
Civil Status
Table 3. Distribution of Student Respondents in terms of Civil Status
Civil Status Frequency Percentage (%)
Single 10 91
Married 1 9
TOTAL 11 100
Table 3 shows that ten (10) or 91 percent of the respondents are single
followed by one (1) or 9 percent who are married.
Table 4.PERCEPTION OF THE STUDENT RESPONDENTS ON THE

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS USED IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE BSE
TLE PROGRAM

Indicators MEAN SD INTERPETATION
1. Instructional materials support the goals and 0.49

objectives of the BSE-TLE program 3.45 Strongly Agree
2. Instructional Materials enriched the curriculum 0.48

3.36 Strongly Agree
3. Instructional materials are aligned with the needs of 0.48
the curriculum 3.36 Strongly Agree
4. Instructional materials helped in the achievement of 0.44
the content standard 3.27 Strongly Agree
5. Instructional materials engage the students in active 0.48
learning 4 Strongly Agree
TOTAL 0.47 Strongly Agree
3.42
Table 4 shows that the overall mean rating of 3.42 indicates that the
respondents strongly agree on the statements regarding the help of instructional
materials in the achievement of the BSE T.L.E. program. Indicator 5 was obtained
the highest mean 4 which is the respondents strongly agree that students is active
in learning when instructional materials is engage and the lowest mean 3.27 is
obtained by indicator 4.
B. Staff Profile
Table 5.Distribution of Staff Respondents in terms of Age

Percentage (%)
Age Frequency
18-30 4 50
Between 30-45 years old 4 50
Above 45 years old 0 0
TOTAL 8 100
Table 5 shows the distribution of Staff respondents in terms of age. Four (4)
or 50 percent comes from ages 18-30. This is followed by another Four (4) or 50
percent belongs to the ages between 30- 45 years old and the least age comes
from Above 45 years old which is Zero (0) percent.
Table 6.Distribution of Staff Respondents in terms of Gender
Gender Frequency Percentage (%)
Male 5 62. 5
Female 3 37.5
TOTAL 8 100
Table 6 shows the distribution of Staff respondents in terms of Gender. Five
(5) or 62.5 percent are Male followed by five (3) or 37.5 percent who are Female.
Table 7.Distribution of Respondents in terms of Level of teacher professional
Level Frequency Percentage (%)

Diploma holder 2 25
Degree holder 3 37.5
Master holder 3 37.5
TOTAL 8 100
Table 7 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of Level of teacher
professional. There is equal distribution of respondents in both Degree Holder and
Master Holder. There are Three (3) or 37.5 percent comes from Master Holder,
Likewise, there are Three (3) or 37.5 percent belongs to the Degree Holder. And
Two (2) or 25 percent which is come from Diploma Holder.
Figure 4
Table 8.Distribution of Respondents in terms of teaching experiences
Experience (Length) Frequency Percentage (%)
Below 10 years 8 100

Between 10-20 years 0 0
Above 20 years 0 0
TOTAL 8 100
Table 8 shows the distribution of respondents in terms of teaching
experiences. Eight (8) or 100 percent comes from below 10 years of teaching
experiences followed by between 10-20 years and Above 20 years of teaching
experiences have 0 frequency or 0 percent.

Table 9.Mean Perception on the Importance of instructional resources in

student’s learning
Instructional SD
Mean Interpretation
resource
0.33
Textbooks 3.875 VERY IMPORTANT
0.43
Worksheets 3.75 VERY IMPORTANT
Computer software for 0.5
reading instruction 3.5 VERY IMPORTANT
(e.g., CD, DVD)
Reading materials on 0.5
the Internet (Web 3.5 VERY IMPORTANT
Pages)
Instructions or 0.33
manuals about how 3.875 VERY IMPORTANT
things work
Charts, diagrams, 0.43
graphs, Posters
3.75 VERY IMPORTANT
0.42
TOTAL 3.70 VERY IMPORTANT
Table 9 shows that the overall mean rating of 3.70 indicates that the
respondents strongly agree on the statements that reveals the instructional
resources for student’s learning has very important. A highest mean perception
3.875 obtained by resource textbooks and instruction or manuals about how things
work which is very important in student’s learning and the lowest mean perception
3.5 obtained by computer software for reading instruction and reading materials on
the internet which is also very important.
Table 10. Mean Perception on the Use of ICT
Indicators Mean SD INTERPRETATION

Look up information 2.625 0.48 OFTEN

on the internet
Use instructional 2.75 0.43 OFTEN
software to develop
reading skills
Use the computer to 2.375 0.48 OFTEN
write stories or other
texts
TOTAL 2.58 0.46 OFTEN
Table 10 shows the mean perception on the use of ICT. A mean perception
of 2.75 with the interpretation of often which is about using instructional software to
develop reading skills got the highest mean. It explained that using instructional
software is important in ICT. And lowest mean 2.375 perception was obtained by
indicator 3.
Table 11.MEAN PERCEPTION ON THE EMPHASIS ON THE FOLLOWING

SOURCES TO MONITOR STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE
SD
Sources Mean Interpretation
Diagnostic reading test 0.47

(including miscue 1.75 SOME EMPHASIS
analysis)
Classroom tests (for 0.48
MAJOR
example, teacher- made 2.625
EMPHASIS
or textbook tests)
National or regional 0.49
2.125 SOME EMPHASIS
achievement tests
0.48
TOTAL 2.16 SOME EMPHASIS
Table 11 shows the mean perception of 2.625 or 0.48 SD was obtained by
source 2. This reveals that the Classroom test is the major emphasis of Students

performance. And lowest mean 1.75 or 0.47 SD perception deals Diagnostic
reading test.
Table 12.ADEQUACY OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN BSE-TLE AS

PERCEIVED BY THE RESPONDENTS
Indicators MEAN SD INTERPRETATIO

N
1. There are available instructional materials 0.97
in the TLE Program 2.36 AGREE
2. Students do not have to buy materials and 0.97
tools as there are readily available. 2.64 AGREE
3. There is adequate number of units of tools, 0.89
equipment and machines used in TLE
subjects in relation to the number if students
2.55 AGREE
enrolled
4. There is an adequate number of 0.97
books/published or printed instructional 2.36 AGREE
resources for TLE subjects
5. There is enough classroom and space 0.97
utilized for placements of instructional tools, 2.64 AGREE
machines and equipment.
0.95 AGREE
TOTAL 2.51
Table 12 was addressed to adequacy of teaching materials as perceived by
the students, who are asked to supply information about their academic and
professional backgrounds, classroom resources, and the instructional materials
and activities used to teach and promote the development of students’ skills and
performance.
Table 13.Frequency and Percentage Instructional materials often use by the

Teachers

Instructional Materials F %
COMMERCIAL BASED 5 56%
LOCALLY BASED 4 44%
TOTAL 9 100%
Table 13 reflect the percentage of instructional materials use by the
teachers. Base on the check list provided, it shown that the Commercial Based has
the higher percentage and the Locally Based got a lower percentage.
Table 14.Frequency of Responses of Teachers with Internet Access
YES 7 83%
NO 1 13%
TOTAL 9 100%
MEAN 4
TOTAL 100%
Table 14 shows that the responses of teachers with internet access got a
highest percentage which is YES and the lowest percentage obtained NO.
Table 15.Frequency of the students Responses in the time to use the school
library
Every day or almost every day 2 25%
Once or twice a month 4 50%
Once or twice a week 0 0%
Never or almost never 2 25%
TOTAL 8 100%
MEAN 2
Table 15 reveals the Students response in the time to use the school library.
50 percent of the Students response which is the school library use once or twice a
month. And the equal distribution of 25 percent was obtained by every day or
almost and never or almost never.
Table 16.Frequency of Responses on the availability of instructional

resources
AGREE A LOT 1 12%

AGREE 7 88%
DISAGREE 0 0%
TOTAL 8 100%
MEAN 2.666666667
Table 16 shows the responses of AGREE got a frequency of 7 or 88 percent
explained that availability of instructional material resources are stable followed by
AGREE A LOT got a frequency of 1 or 13 percent.
Table 17.Frequency of Responses on how instructional resources are used

AGREE A LOT 25%
AGREE 63%
DISAGREE 12%
TOTAL 100%
Table 17 shows the responses of 63 percent was obtained with the verbal
interpretation of agree that instructional resources are being used, followed by
agree a lot with a 25 percent and the lowest percentage got by disagree which is
13 percent.
Table 18.Frequency of Responses on the proper use of instructional

resources rise performance
AGREE A LOT 5 71%
AGREE 2 29%
DISAGREE 0 0
TOTAL 7 100%
MEAN 2.333333333
TOTAL (%) 100%
Table 18 shows the responses on the proper use of instructional resources
rise performance that obtained a 71 percent or agree a lot which is good in
performance followed by 29 percent or agree and the lowest percent got by
disagree which is 0 percent.
CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and
recommendations based on the result of the study.
Summary
This study aimed to find out the Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by
Specifically, this study sought to answers to the following questions: 1.
What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:a. age b. gender c.
civil status 2. What are the perception of teachers and students on how
instructional materials affect students’ performance? 3. What are the challenges
that teachers in schools face in accessing instructional materials? 4. What are the
strategies that teachers use to minimize the challenges of attaining and using
quality instructional materials?
The study utilized the data gathered from the result of the survey
questionnaire answered by the respondents. All necessary data are included in the
questionnaires that were composed of the profile, perception about the adequacy
of instructional materials used by the teachers.
Permissions from the Dean of the institution was secured before the
conduct of the study as a standard operating procedure. The questionnaires were
distributed to the staff and student respondents provided with clear instructions and

implications about the study. Answered questionnaires were retrieved and tallied.
The results of the questionnaires of the pupil – respondents were evaluated and
tabulated.
This study was conducted in Asian Institute of Technology and
Education Tiaong, Quezon. It involved the staff and the fourth year BSED –TLE
major students.
The respondents were composed of 19 respondents.9 staff and 11
students.
This study utilized statistical measures to solve the sub- problems of
the study. Frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation and percent were
utilized for the perception of pupils.
Findings of the Study
The significant findings of the study are as follow:
Part 1 Profile of the Respondents
A. Student Profile
Nine (9) or 82 percent comes from ages 21-23. This is followed by
Two (2) or 18 percent belongs to the ages 24 and above and the least
age comes from 18-20 which is Zero (0) percent.
Six (6) or 55 percent are Male followed by five (5) or 45 percent who
are Female.

Ten (10) or 91 percent of the respondents are single followed by one
(1) or 9 percent who are married
B. Staff Profile
Four (4) or 50 percent comes from ages 18-30. This is followed by
another Four (4) or 50 percent belongs to the ages between 30- 45
years old and the least age comes from Above 45 years old which is
Zero (0) percent.
. Five (5) or 62.5 percent are Male followed by five (3) or 37.5 percent
who are Female.
There is equal distribution of respondents in both Degree Holder and
Master Holder. There are Three (3) or 37.5 percent comes from Master
Holder, Likewise, there are Three (3) or 37.5 percent belongs to the
Degree Holder. And Two (2) or 25 percent which is come from Diploma
Holder.
Eight (8) or 100 percent comes from below 10 years of teaching
experiences followed by between 10-20 years and Above 20 years of
teaching experiences have 0 frequency or 0 percent.
Part II. PERCEPTION OF THE STAFF AND STUDENT RESPONDENTS
A. THE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS USED IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF
THE BSE TLE PROGRAM
An overall mean rating of 3.42 indicates that the respondents strongly agree
on the statements regarding the help of instructional materials in the achievement
of the BSE T.L.E. program. Indicator 5 was obtained the highest mean 4 which is

the respondents strongly agree that students is active in learning when
instructional materials is engage and the lowest mean 3.27 is obtained by indicator
4.
B. MEAN PERCEPTION ON THE IMPORTANCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL
RESOURCES IN STUDENT’S LEARNING
An overall mean rating of 3.70 indicates that the respondents strongly agree on
the statements that reveals the instructional resources for student’s learning has
very important. A highest mean perception 3.875 obtained by resource textbooks
and instruction or manuals about how things work which is very important in
student’s learning and the lowest mean perception 3.5 obtained by computer
software for reading instruction and reading materials on the internet which is also
very important.
C. MEAN PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF ICT
A mean perception of 2.75 with the interpretation of often which is about using
instructional software to develop reading skills got the highest mean. It explained
that using instructional software is important in ICT. And lowest mean 2.375
perception was obtained by indicator 3.
D. MEAN PERCEPTION ON THE EMPHASIS ON THE FOLLOWING
SOURCES TO MONITOR STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE

A.mean perception of 2.625 or 0.48 SD was obtained by source 2. This reveals
that the Classroom test is the major emphasis of Students performance. And
lowest mean 1.75 or 0.47 SD perception deals Diagnostic reading test.
E. ADEQUACY OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN BSE-TLE AS
Adequacy of teaching materials as perceived by the students, who are asked to
supply information about their academic and professional backgrounds, classroom
resources, and the instructional materials and activities used to teach and promote
the development of students’ skills and performance.
PART III.FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE OF RESPONSES OF THE
RESPONDENTS
A. FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
OFTEN USE BY THE TEACHERS
Commercial Based has the higher percentage and the Locally Based got a
lower percentage.
B. FREQUENCY OF RESPONSES OF TEACHERS WITH INTERNET
ACCESS
The responses of teachers with internet access got a highest percentage of
83% which is YES and the lowest percentage 17% obtained by NO.

C. FREQUENCY OF THE STUDENTS RESPONSES IN THE TIME TO USE
THE SCHOOL LIBRARY
50 percent of the Students response which is the school library use once or
twice a month. And the equal distribution of 25 percent was obtained by
every day or almost and never or almost never.
D. FREQUENCY OF RESPONSES ON THE AVAILABILITY OF
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES
The responses on AGREE got a frequency of 7 or 88 percent explained that
availability of instructional material resources are stable followed by AGREE A LOT
got a frequency of 1 or 12 percent.
E. FREQUENCY OF RESPONSES ON HOW INSTRUCTIONAL
RESOURCES ARE USED
Sixty-three (63) percent was obtained with the verbal interpretation of agree that
instructional resources are being used, followed by agree a lot with a 25 percent
and the lowest percentage got by disagree which is 12 percent.
F.FREQUENCY OF RESPONSES ON THE PROPER USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL
RESOURCES RISE PERFORMANCE
On the proper use of instructional resources rise performance that obtained a 71
percent or agree a lot which is good in performance followed by 29 percent or
agree and the lowest percent got by disagree which is 0 percent.

Conclusion
Based on the fact presented on the findings of the study, the following are
hereby concluded: The results of the study shows that the instructional materials
helped to carry out the achievement of the BSE- TLE by engaging students in
interactive learning and considering the varied interest, abilities and maturity levels
of the student. It is also revealed that there are available instructional materials for
all areas in the TLE course and it is used appropriately in the corresponding
subjects.
Recommendations:
Based on the findings and conclusions made, the following are recommended:
1. Schools/institutions must have adequate facilities that provide an
atmosphere and amenities for student success, educators must strive to
improve student performance as well as to improve the education
process.
2. Provide possible improvements in order to help school leaders to make
the best decisions concerning facility improvements.
3. Library should provide adequate number of books/published or printed
instructional resources available for the total number of enrolled
students.
4. Teachers should check the instructional materials often to ensure that it
is still working and in good running condition.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Corpuz, Brenda B. and Paz I. Lucido(2008). Educational Technology 1. Qezon
City, Metro Manila: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Daniel Muijs and David Reynolds (2001). Effective Teaching- Evidence and
Practice. London: Paul Chapman Publishing A SAGE Publications Company
UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Lascuña Lucelyn D. et.al 2005. Adequacy of Instructional Materials in the
Intermediate Grades of Iligan City Central school. Unpublished
Undergraduate Thesis. MSU-IIT.
ALLADO, Glaiza R.et.al. (2007) Arts and Instructional Materials in Teaching
Technology Media: An Evaluation. MSU-IIT.
Lowell T. Pila and Mark Neil P. Rufino. (2007) Evaluation of the Instructional
Material in TD 108 Computer Aided Design. MSU-IIT.
Jewell Ann A. Lubang and Lynette E. Ocer. (2012) Effectivesness of ICT
Integration on Students’ Performance as Percieved by Parents and
Teachers in MSU-IIT. MSU-IIT.
Internet Sources
Daniels, Stephanie.2013.Types of Carpentry Tools. Retrieved September 2013.

Retrieved from http://www.eHow.com/types-ofcarpentry-tools.
APPENDIX A
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
PART I. PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENT
Directions: This questionnaire solicits your information on Adequacy of Instructional
Materials Used by Teachers in Teaching BSE-MAJOR IN TLE in Asian Institute of
Technology and Education: Its impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students.
Please feel free to provide your honest response in every item of the survey. All data and
personal information will be treated with utmost confidentiality and anonymity.
The Researchers
Name (Optional): __________________________________________
Gender: Male_________ Female________
Age: 18-20_____ 21-23______ 24 ABOVE___________
Civil Status: Single_______ Married_______
PART II RESPONDENT’S PERCEPTION ON Adequacy of Instructional Materials
Used by Teachers in Teaching BSE-MAJOR IN TLE in Asian Institute of Technology
and Education: Its impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students.
Directions: Please rate the extent of your agreement/disagreement to the
following statements by putting a check (√) mark on the appropriate space provided.
The number heading in each column conveys the following:
4 - Strongly Agree
3 - Agree
2 - Disagree
1 - Strongly Disagree
PERCEPTION OF THE RESPONDENTS ON THE INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS USED IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE BSE TLE PROGRAM
Perceptions SA A D SD
(4) (3) (2) (1)
1. Instructional materials

support the goals and

objectives of the BSE-TLE
program
2. Instructional Materials
enriched the curriculum
3. Instructional materials are
aligned with the needs of the
curriculum
helped in the achievement of
the content standard
engage the students in active
learning
ADEQUACY OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN BSE-TLE AS

Perceptions SA A D SD
1. There are available
instructional materials in the
TLE Program
2. Students do not have to buy
materials and tools as there are
readily available.
3. There is adequate number of
units of tools, equipment and
machines used in TLE subjects
in relation to the number if
students enrolled
4. There is an adequate
number of books/published or
printed instructional resources
for TLE subjects

5. There is enough classroom

and space utilized for
placements of instructional
tools, machines and equipment.
The questionnaire is addressed to teachers of students, who are asked to supply information
about their academic and professional backgrounds, classroom resources, and the
instructional materials and activities used to teach and promote the development of
students’ skills and performance.
Researchers
I. Profile
Put a check in the appropriate answer.
4. Sex of the respondent 1. Male 2. Female
5. Age of the respondent 1. 18-30 years ( ) 2. Between 30-45 years ( )
3. Above 45 years ( )
6. Level of teacher professional 1. Diploma holder ( ) 2.Degree holder ( )
3. Master holder ( )
7. Teaching Experiences 1.Below 10 years ( ) 2.Between 10-20 years( )
3. Above 20 years ( )
8. Importance of instructional resources in students’ learning
Instructional Very Important Not Never
resource important (3) important important (1)
(4) (2)
Textbooks
Worksheets
Computer software
for reading
instruction (e.g., CD,
DVD)
Reading materials
on the Internet

(Web Pages)
Instructions or
manuals about how
things work
Charts, diagrams,
graphs, Posters
Accessibility of Instructional Materials

9. What type of instructional materials you often use?
1. Commercial based ____
2. Locally made ____
Strategies to minimize the challenges of attaining quality instructional materials
11. Do you have internet access in school 1. Yes____ 2. No ____
12. If yes how do you use internet for the following activities?
Activity Very often Often Never
(3) (2) (1)
Look up information
on the internet
Use instructional
software to develop
reading skills
Use the computer to
write stories or other
texts
13. Do you have a school library 1. Yes_____ 2. No_____
14. If Yes, about how many books with different titles that fits your subject are in the
library?_________ different titles of books
15. How often do you give the students in your class time to use the school library?
1. Every day or almost every day _____
2. Once or twice a week ______
3. Once or twice a month _____
4. Never or almost never ______

16. How much emphasis do you place on the following sources to monitor students’
performance?
Sources Major Some Little Remarks
emphasis emphasis emphasis
(3) (2) (1)
Diagnostic reading test
(including miscue analysis)
Classroom tests (for example,
teacher- made or textbook
tests)
National or regional
achievement tests
17. How much do you agree with the following statements? (Circle where appropriate)
1. I am satisfied with the availability of instructional resources
1. Agree a lot___ 2. Agree___ 3.Disagree ___
2. I am satisfied with how instructional resources are used
1. Agree a lot____ 2. Agree_____ 3. Disagree_____
3. I am convinced that proper use of instructional resources rise performance
1. Agree a lot___ 2. Agree____ 3. Disagree_____
APPENDIX B
(LETTER TO CONDUCT)
January 21, 2020
MARIGIRL MARCH ABO

Program Head
Asian Institute of Technology and Education
Gret-Fisico Bldg. Maharlika Hi-way, Tiaong, Quezon

LETTER OF REQUEST
Madam:
I am requesting on your good office to allow the third year students of our institute,
taking up Bachelor of Secondary Education to conduct their research study on different
schools which serve as their respondents.
I am hoping for your kind assistance and approval of this request.
Thank you and God Bless.
Very respectfully yours,
Instructor
Approved:
MARIGIRL MARCH ABO

Program Head
APPENDIX C
(Letter to participating School)
January 21, 2020
MARIGIRL MARCH ABO

Program Head
Gret-Fisico Bldg. Maharlika Hi-way, Tiaong, Quezon

LETTER OF REQUEST
Madam:
Greeting of Peace!
We would like to secure a permit to conduct our research study in your school. We
were enrolled in Techniques of Research of Bachelor of Secondary Education major in
T.L.E. at Asian Institute of Technology and Education-Tiaong,Quezon. It is entitled
Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by Teachers in Teaching TLE in Asian
Institute of Technology and Education: Its impact on the Performance of the TLE
College Students. This study will cater the fourth year students of Bachelor of Secondary
Education Major in TLE and the staff of the school.
Your positive response regarding these matters would definitely open an avenue to
make this research a success.
Thank you and God Bless.
Respectfully yours,
Arnel Ilagan Johanna Claudette Mendoza
Jamil Galangga Johna Claresse Aguila
France Jearald Calicdan Mariane Molining
Harold Ilao Desiree Panapanaan
Levi Reginald Pecson Angelo De Guzman
Researchers
Noted:
ADVISER
Approved:
MARIGIRL MARCH ABO

Program Head
APPENDIX D
(Curriculum Vitae)
ANGELO L. DE GUZMAN

Present Address: Sitio Sala Brgy. Lumingon Tiaong, Quezon

Contact Number: 09062728283
Email Address: ginblock05@gmail.com
CAREER OBJECTIVES:
To obtain a position that will enable me to use my skills, educational
background, and ability to work well with people.
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
TERTIARY Bachelor of Secondary Education
Lumingon Tiaong, Quezon
A.Y. 2017 – 2021
SECONDARY Recto Memorial National High School

Quipot Tiaong, Quezon
A.Y. 2011 – 2015
PRIMARY Claro M. Recto Memorial Central School

Tiaong, Quezon
A.Y. 2005 – 2011
PERSONAL BACKGROUND:

NICKNAME: Gelo
BIRTH DATE: Nov. 07, 1998
BIRTH PLACE: Tiaong, Quezon
AGE: 21
SEX: Male
CIVIL STATUS: Single
RELIGION: Roman Catholic
HEIGHT: 5’3”
WEIGHT: 52 kg
NATIONALITY: Filipino
CHARACTER REFERENCE:
ANABEL REYES
Records Officer
ANGELO L. DE GUZMAN

Asian Institute of Technology and Education

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ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION

Adequacy of Instructional Materials Used by Teachers in Teaching TLE in

A Basic Research Presented to the Research Council

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

AGUILA, JOHNA CLARISE

AITE College -Education Department

completion of the study.

Hon. Nilo S. Gret Ed. D. School President, whose wisdom contributed

better of her study;

Marigirl March Abo , Dean of College Department, for constantly reminding

personality and professionalism.

To all the teachers of Asian Institute of Technology and Education, who

wholeheartedly took part in the conduct of the study.

To Fourth year students of BSED-TLE Major, who wholeheartedly took part

in answering the research instrument;

this entire endeavor.

AITE College -Education Department

which enable the researchers to realize their goal in life.

AGUILA, JOHNA CLARISE

AITE College -Education Department

Secondary Education, this thesis entitled “Adequacy of Instructional Materials

Used by Teachers in Teaching TLE in Asian Institute of Technology and

Education: Its impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students”

recommended for approval and acceptance.

[NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK] [NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK]

[NAMES SHOULD BE CAPSLOCK]

degree of (Bachelor in).

DR. NILOS. GRET, CPA

Date of Oral Examination

AITE College -Education Department

Teachers in Teaching TLE in Asian Institute of Technology and Education: Its

impact on the Performance of the TLE College Students.

perception of the respondents.

(5) or 45 percent who are Female.

On the staff respondents ten (10) or 91 percent of the respondents are

Findings revealed that adequacy of instructional materials are significantly

related to performance of the TLE college students.

Based on the findings and conclusions made, the following are

recommended: Schools/institutions must have adequate facilities that provide an

student performance as well as to improve the education process. Provide possible

improvements in order to help school leaders to make the best decisions

concerning facility improvements .Library should provide adequate number of

AITE College -Education Department

enrolled students. Teachers should check the instructional materials often to

ensure that it is still working and in good running condition.

AITE College -Education Department

I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study…………………………………...2

Statement of the Problem……………………………….....4

Scope and Limitation…………………………………….....5

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Population and Sampling Technique…………………….13

AITE College -Education Department

Statistical Treatment of Data……………………………...14

IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

A. PART I. Profile of the Respondents………….……………………..15

B. PART II Presentation of the Staff and Student respondents……..18

V SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

B Letter of Permission to the Schools Administrator..38

C Approval Letters of the participating Schools……..39

D Curriculum Vitae of Researchers…………………...40

AITE College -Education Department