Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ABSTRACT :- In this paper Industrial Steel truss Building of 14m x 31.50m, 20m x 50m,
28m x 70m and bay spacing of 5.25m, 6.25m and 7m respectively having column height of 6m is compared
with Pre-engineering Buildings of same dimension. Design is based on IS 800-2007 (LSM)
Load considered in modeling are Dead load, Live Load, Wind load along with the combinations as specified in
IS. Analysis results are observed for column base as hinge base. Results of Industrial steel truss buildings are
compared with the same dimensions of Pre-Engineering Building
Keywords: -IS Code, Stadd Pro
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
Any building structure used by industry to store raw materials or for manufacturing products of
industry is known as an Industrial Building. These buildings are used for workshop, warehouse etc. Steel is
extensively used in the construction of industrial building of larger spans where concrete construction is not
feasible or when construction tome is critical. The important elements of industrial buildings are purlins, rafters,
roof truss, wind bracing and columns. In India conventional steel constructions are most popular because of
their ease in construction, low cost, availability of manpower for erection & fabrication and availability of
standard specifications 7 codes of practice. For industrial building, the economy of the structure plays an
important role. For longer spans the design is optimized in order to minimize the use of materials, costs, and
installation efforts. Buildings are designed to reduce energy costs and to achieve a high degree of sustainability.
To reduce the costs, manufacturer adopted the Pre-Engineering Building concept. Pre-engineering Buildings is a
metal building that consist of light gauge metal standing seam roof an steel purlins spanning between rigid
frames with light gauge metal wall cladding.
www.irjes.org 55 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
www.irjes.org 56 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
(Y direction)
DL + LL = (1.5 x 0.12) + (1.5 x 0.26)
= 0.57 kN/m.
Y direction
250
Shear capacity = x x 2 x 65 x 8.1/103
11.1 x 3
= 13.69 > 1.496 kN. Ok.
= 4.976 kN-m
My = wl2/90
= 0.11 kN-m.
π2𝐸𝐼𝑦 π2𝐸𝐼𝑤
Mcr = ∗ ( 𝐺𝐼𝑡 + )
(𝐾𝐿)2 (𝐾𝐿)2
𝐸
G =
2(1+𝜇 )
2 ∗ 105
=
2(1+0.3)
= 76.923 x103
𝑏𝑖 ∗𝑡𝑖3
It = ∑
3
2∗65∗8.13 125 −8.1 ∗5 3
=[ + ]
3 3
= 27899.94 mm4
Iw = (1- Bf) × Bf × Iy × hf2
hf = 125-8.1
= 116.9 mm.
𝐼𝑓𝑐
Bf =
Ifc +Ift
= 0.5
Iw = (1-0.5) × 0.5×59.9×04 ×16.92
= 2.04×109 mm6.
π2 ∗2∗10 5 ∗59.9∗10 4 π2 ∗2∗10 5 ∗2.04∗10 9
Mcr = ∗ (76.923 ∗ 103 ∗ 27899.9 + )
(5250 )2 (5250 )2
= 9.91 kN-m
β𝑏𝑥𝑍𝑝𝑥𝑓𝑦
λLT =
Mcr
1.0∗75.92∗10 3 ∗250
=
5.44
=1.38
ϕ2LT = 0.5× [1+ αLT*(λLT-0.2) + λ2LT]
= 0.5× [1 + 0.21× (1.38-0.2+ 1.382]
=1.576
1
χLT = 0.5 ≤ 1.0
ϕLT +[ϕ2LT −λ2LT ]
1
= ≤ 1.0
1.576 + [1.5762– 1.382]0.5
= 0.427 < 1.0
χLT ∗fy
Fbd =
γmo
0.427 ×250
=
1.1
=97.04 N/mm2
Mdz = Zp× Fbd
= 75.93×103 ×97.04
= 7.36 kN-m > 4.976 kN-m.
The buckling resistance Mdy of the section need not be found out , because the purlins is restrained by
cladding in the Z plane and hence instability is not considered for a moment about the minor axis.
Overall strength of the member
𝑀𝑧 𝑀𝑦
+ ≤ 1.0
Mdz Mdy
4.976 0.11
+ ≤ 1.0
7.36 3.39
0.708 ≤ 1.0
www.irjes.org 59 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
The Purlins have been designed as per IS 801:1975 which deals with cold formed steel sections. The
results of cold formed purlins are then compared with the results of channel purlins.For the design of main
frame, built up I sections have been used of which the web depth has been tapered section. The design of main
frame has been done as per IS 800:2007(LSM)Bracings are essentially made up of angle sections, pipe sections.
The design of Bracing is done in 3-D model and the results are then computed.
www.irjes.org 60 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
3.2 Mathematical model I - The mathematical model under consideration is shown in figure (3.1) for
the Pre-engineered building having area of 14 m x 31.50 m,purling spacing of 1.489 m and bay spacing of 5.25
m and building height is taken as 6m. The column base is taken as Pinned support.
As per IS 875 part II when slope is greater than > 100then imposed load on purlin is 750 N/m2 less 20
N/m for every degree increase in slope in excess of 10 0 but not less than 400 N/m2.
2
𝑙
= 2.25
𝑤
Roof angle ( ) = 200.
3.4 Loading Diagram:
3.4.1 Dead load-
www.irjes.org 62 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
www.irjes.org 63 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
Combined Bending and Shear Stress in Web: (AS PER CLAUSE 6.4.3 OF IS 801-1975)
fbw 2 fv 2
+ ≤ 1.0
Fbw 2 Fv 2
1465 .62 201 .22 2
+ ≤ 1.0
2070 2 1025 2
0.73 ≤ 1.0 Safe
www.irjes.org 64 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
Total 116.315 kN
150
100
50
0
Truss PEB For 14m x 31.50m Truss & PEB
Figure 4.1: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for14m x 31.50m
Table 4.3: Weight for 20m x 50m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base using Channel purlin & Angle
Section Truss
1 Weight of truss and column 111.546 kN
2 Weight of purlin ISMC 150 144.08 kN
3 Tie Runner pipe 90x90x6 28.151 kN
4 Top Bracing LD 65x65x6 39.834 kN
5 Bottom Bracing LD 55x55x6 36.256 kN
6 Column Bracing LD 55x55x6 29.85 kN
Total 389.717 kN
Table 4.4: Weight for 20m x 50m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 118.836 kN
2 Weight of Z- Purlin 200x2.5 55.552 kN
3 Top Bracing LD 65x65x6 39.834 kN
4 Column Bracing LD 55x55x6 29.85 kN
Total 244.072 kN
300
200
100
0
Truss PEB For 20m x 50m Truss & PEB
Figure
4.2: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for 20m x 50m
Table 4.5: Weight for 28m x 70m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base using Channel purlin &
Angle Section Truss
1 Weight of truss and column 292.622 kN
2 Weight of purlin ISMC 200 333.78 kN
3 Tie Runner pipe 100x100x6 56.478 kN
4 Top Bracing LD 65x65x6 63.926 kN
www.irjes.org 65 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
Table 4.6: Weight for 28m x 70m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 302.478 kN
2 Weight of Z- Purlin 200x2.5 84.88 kN
3 Top Bracing LD 65x65x6 63.926 kN
4 Column Bracing LD 65x65x6 40.645 kN
Total 491.929 kN
600
400
200
0
Truss PEB For 28m x 70m Truss & PEB
Figure 4.3: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for 28m x 70m
Table 4.7: Weight for 14m x 31.50m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base using Channel purlin & Pipe
section Truss
1 Weight of truss 47.544 kN
2 Weight of Purlin ISMC 125 47.088 kN
3 Tie Runner Pipe 42.40 mm 4.005 kN
4 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 6.798 kN
5 Bottom Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 6.812 kN
6 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 4.615 kN
Total 116.862 kN
Table 4.8: Weight for 14m x 31.50m PEB pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 56.042 kN
2 Weight of Purlin 17.94 kN
3 Top Bracing 6.798 kN
4 Column Bracing 4.615 kN
Total 85.395 kN
100
50
0
Truss PEB
www.irjes.org 66 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
Figure 4.4: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for 14m x 31.50m
Table 4.9: Weight for 20m x 50m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base usingChannel purlin & Pipe
section Truss
1 Weight of truss 97.371 kN
2 Weight of purlin ISMC 150 144.08 kN
3 Tie Runner Pipe 40.30mm 11.131 kN
4 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 11.083 kN
5 Bottom Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 11.989 kN
6 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 5.291 kN
Total 280.945 kN
Table 4.10: Weight for 20m x 50m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 118.836 kN
2 Weight of Purlin 55.552 kN
3 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 11.083 kN
4 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30 mm 5.291 kN
Total 190.762 kN
200
150
100
50
0
For 20m x 50m Truss &
Weight of Truss
Weight of PEB PEB
Figure 4.5: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for20m x 50m
Table 4.11: Weight for 28m x 70m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base usingISMC purlin & Pipe Section
Truss
1 Weight of truss 231.671 kN
2 Weight of purlin ISMC 200 333.78 kN
3 Tie Runner Pipe 60.30mm 20.036 kN
4 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 16.418 kN
5 Bottom Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 17.257 kN
6 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 5.813 kN
Total 624.975 Kn
Table 4.12: Weight for 28m x 70m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 302.478 kN
2 Weight of Purlin 84.88 kN
3 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 16.418 kN
4 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 5.813 kN
Total 409.589 kN
www.irjes.org 67 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
400
200
0
Truss PEB
Figure 4.6: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for 28m x 70m
Table 4.13: Weight f or 14m x 31.50m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base usingTruss Purlin &
Pipe Section Truss
1 Weight of truss and Column 47.544 kN
2 Weight of Truss Purlin 21.096 kN
3 Tie Runner Pipe 42.40mm 4.005 kN
4 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 6.798 kN
5 Bottom Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 6.812 kN
6 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 4.615 kN
Total 90.87 kN
Table 4.14: Weight for 14m x 31.50m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 56.042 kN
2 Weight of Z Purlin 17.94 kN
3 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 6.798 kN
4 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 4.615 kN
Total 85.395 kN
88
86
84
82
Truss PEB
Figure 4.7: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for14m x 31.50m
Table 4.15: Weight for 20m x 50m Steel Building Pinned Support at Base usingTruss Purlin & Pipe
Section Truss
1 Weight of truss and Column 97.371 kN
2 Weight of Truss Purlin 60.192 kN
3 Tie Runner Pipe 40.30mm 11.131 kN
4 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 11.083 kN
5 Bottom Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 11.989 kN
6 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 5.291 kN
Total 197.057 kN
Table 4.16: Weight for 20m x 50m PEB Pinned supports at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 118.836 kN
2 Weight of Z Purlin 55.552 kN
3 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 11.083 kN
4 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 5.291 kN
Total 190.762 kN
www.irjes.org 68 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
Table 4.18: Weight for 28m x 70m PEB Pinned support at Base using Z purlins
1 Weight of PEB 302.478 kN
2 Weight of Z Purlin 84.88 kN
3 Top Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 16.418 kN
4 Column Bracing Pipe 60.30mm 5.813 kN
Total 409.589 kN
405
400
395
390
385
380
For 28m x 70m Truss &
Truss PEB
PEB
Figure 4.9: Weight Comparison for Truss Building and PEB Pinned at Base for 28m x 70m
V. DISCUSSION
From comparison between figures design of purlins following results are computed
1. Weight of Channel Purlinis very high as compared to Truss Purlin and Z Purlin
2. Weight of Truss Purlin is very less as compared to Channel Purlin but weight of Truss Purlin is Slightly
high as compared to Z Purlin
From the discussion stated above Weight of Z Purlin is slightly less compared to Truss Purlin. Thought the
weight of Truss Purlin is slightly higher compared to Z Purlin, Truss Purlins are cost effective because cost per
kg for Z Purlin is 80 to 90 Rs per Kg and Truss Purlins are 70 to 75Rs per Kg.
VI. CONCLUSION
In this Dissertation, Numerical study was carried out. The design of Various Component of Steel Truss building
and Pre-Engineering Building (PEB) is done and the following conclusions are drawn:-
www.irjes.org 69 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
i. From the design it is clear that using angle section for Truss and channel section for purlins, Steel Truss
Building using pipe section and PEB is found to be economical compared to Steel Truss Building using
angle section. The Percentage saving in results are stated below in table
ii Also From comparison it is clear from the result that Weight of single Truss using Angle and Pipe both is
less Compared to PEB but due to Weight of Channel Purlin, Weight of Steel Truss Building is on higher
side.
For 14m x 31.50m Pinned For 20m x 50m Pinned For 28m x 70m pinned
support support support
% saving in
Weight for 26.93% 32.09% 34.46%
PEB
iii. From the design it is clear that using Pipe section in truss and Truss purlin, Steel Truss Building is
found to be economical compared to PEB. The results of saving in percentage are shown belowFrom
Comparison it is clear that Weight of truss using Pipe section is less compared to PEB also Weight of Truss
Purlin is not very high. So Weight of steel Truss Building is less as Compared to PEB
% saving in
Weight for Steel 6.02% 3.19% 4.57%
Truss Building
Table 7.3: Showing the percentage saving in weight for Steel Truss Building
By using proper selection of material the Industrial Steel truss Building can be economical compared to PEB.
REFERENCES
Books
[1]. S. K. Duggal “Limit State Design of steel structure”
[2]. Prof. Dr. v. L. Shah and Prof. Mrs. Veena Gore (2013) “Limit State Design Of Steel
[3]. Structures”
[4]. N. Subramanian (2010) “Design of Steel Structures”
IS Codes
www.irjes.org 70 | Page
Design Of Various Types Of Industrial Buildings And Their Comparison
[5]. IS 800-2007 Indian standard code of practice for general construction in steel
[6]. IS 801-1975 Code of practice for use of Cold-formed light gauge steel structure member’s in general
building construction
[7]. IS 875(part 1) – 1987: Dead Loads
[8]. IS 875 (part 2) – 1987: Imposed Loads
[9]. IS 875 (part 3) – 1987: Wind Loads
Journals
[10]. Aijaz Ahmad Zende (2013) “Comparative Study of Analysis and Design of Pre-Engineered Buildings
and Conventional frames” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (2013) 2278-1684
[11]. C. M. Meera (2013) “Pre-Engineered Building Design of an Industrial warehouse” International
Journal of engineering sciences & Emerging Technologies (2013) 2231-6604
[12]. Jatin D. Thakar (2013) “Comparative Study of Pre-Engineered Steel Structure by Varying Width of
structure” International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology (2013) 0976-3945
[13]. Mr. Roshan S. Satpute (2012) “ Building design Using Cold Formed Steel Structure” International
Journal of Engineering and Science (2013) 2319-183X
www.irjes.org 71 | Page