‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪ أﻋﺸﺎب‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت واﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻀﺎرة]‪ .[1][1‬ﻫﻨﺎك أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻀﺎرة وﻻ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻨﺎك أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت وﺗﺮش‬
‫ﻓﻲ أﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ واﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮرة‪:‬‬

‫]‪[2‬‬

‫ﺻﻮرة ﺗﺼﻮر أﻋﺸﺎب ﺿﺎرة ﻣﻴﺘﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺒﻴﺪات‬ ‫أوروﺑﺎن‬

‫اﻷﻋﺸﺎب‬
‫اﻳﻠﻮﻛﺴﺎن‬
‫دﻳﻜﺎﻣﺒﺎ‬
‫راوﻧﺪأب‬
‫ﻫﺮﺑﺎزول‬

‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ وﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ أو آﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬

‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﺒﻴﺪات اﻷﻋﺸﺎب ً‬

‫ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﺟﻬﺎزﻳﺔ‬

‫ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬
 ‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﻧﺠﻴﻠﻴﺎت‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات اﻷﻋﺸﺎب ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ اﻷوراق‬

‫ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ وﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﺗﺨﻠﻂ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﺗﻀﺎف إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺒﺎدرات‬
‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات ﺗﻀﺎف إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺒﺎدرات‬

‫ً‬
‫ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ أو آﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات‬

‫ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻷول أﻧﺰﻳﻢ أو ﺑﺮوﺗﻴﻦ أو ﺧﻄﻮة ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ أو ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮا ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻛﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺟﺰﻳﺌﻲ رﺋﻴﺴﻲ )ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات ﻣﻦ ﻓﺌﺔ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ اﻟﻴﻮم ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺒﻴﺪات اﻷﻋﺸﺎب‬
‫اﻟﺰرﻧﻴﺦ(‪ .‬ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ اﻷﺧﻴﺮة أﺻﺒﺢ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ "ﻋﻀﻮي" ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺰراﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬وﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺒﻴﺪات اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺒﻴﺪات اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻜﻠﻔﺔ وﻗﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﺎول اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ أﻗﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﻴﺪات اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ وﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬
‫‪EPA. February 2011 Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates (htt .1‬‬
‫‪ (p://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales/07pestsales/market_estimates2007.pdf‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ )‪http‬‬
‫‪s://web.archive.org/web/20150318232514/http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales/07pestsale‬‬
‫‪ s/market_estimates2007.pdf) 2015-03-18‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‪Summary in press release here (htt ..‬‬
‫‪p://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/csb_page/updates/2011/sales-usage06-07.html) Main page for‬‬
‫‪.(/EPA reports on pesticide use is here (http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales‬‬
‫‪EPA. February 2011 Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates (htt .2‬‬
‫‪ (p://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales/07pestsales/market_estimates2007.pdf‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ )‪http‬‬
‫‪s://web.archive.org/web/20150318232514/http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales/07pestsale‬‬
‫‪ s/market_estimates2007.pdf) 2015-03-18‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ واي ﺑﺎك ﻣﺸﻴﻦ‪Summary in press release here (htt ..‬‬
‫‪p://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/csb_page/updates/2011/sales-usage06-07.html) Main page for‬‬
‫‪.(/EPA reports on pesticide use is here (http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/pestsales‬‬

‫ﻣﺠﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ "‪&oldid=43158521‬ﻣﺒﻴﺪ_أﻋﺸﺎب=‪"https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title‬‬

‫آﺧﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻮم ‪ 26‬ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ‪ ،2020‬اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪.17:54‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ﻣﻨﺸﻮرة ﺑﺮﺧﺼﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺎع اﻹﺑﺪاﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻃﺎﻟﻊ ﺷﺮوط اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪.‬‬