St.

Catherine’s College
6019 Carcar City, Cebu
BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
School Year 2020 – 2021

MATHEMATICS 7
LEARNING MODULE

Quarter 1 – MELC Week 1

In this week, the learners are going to illustrate well-defined sets, subsets, universal
sets, null set, cardinality of sets, union and intersection of sets and the difference of
two sets.

MR. ALVIN T. UBAS

Module Writer/Teacher

Learning Targets

The Grade 7 learners can

1. define sets;
2. distinguish the elements using Roster Method from the given
description(Rule Method);
3. differentiate well defined sets, subsets, universal sets, null sets
4. perform set operation; and
5. illustrate well-defined sets, subsets, universal sets, null set, cardinality of
sets, union and intersection of sets and the difference of two sets
Key Concepts
 Definition of sets
 Describing Sets
 Types of Sets
 Set Operations

Learner’ s Name

Name: Grade & Section:

Date Received:

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 This is an introductory
lesson on sets. A clear
understanding of the concepts in
this lesson will help you easily
grasp number properties and
enable you to quickly identify
multiple solutions involving sets of
numbers.

Session 1: Learning Target

By the end of the session, you will be able to say
I can define sets.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Task 1: Preliminary Activity

Directions
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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
I. Below are some objects. Group them according to their similarities and name each
group.

T
2
9
U 1 V
Mathematics – 7 Deped Learning Module

II. Answer the following questions:

a. How many groups are there?
b. Does each object belong to a group?
c. Is there an object that belongs to more than one group? Which one?

Write your answers here…

Note: Use your answers to have insights and connect them to the next task.

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
Task 2: Understanding Sets

I. Set Definition

Definition. A set is any collection of objects specified in such way that we can
determine whether a given object is or is not in the collection.
 In other words, a set a collection of objects.
 These objects are called elements or members of the set denoted by ∈

For example: A={a , b , c , d }

where:
A = the name of a set
braces {} = the pair of symbols use to enclosed members of a certain set.

Internalization:
The example implies that set A has specific elements a, b, c and d. In
relevance, the elements of set A are the first four letters of the Alphabet.
Therefore, a is a member of set A or can be written as “a ∈ A”
b is a member or set A or can be written as “b ∈ A”
so as with the elements c and d.

Note:
 Capital Letters are used to name sets.
 Each element of the set is written only once.
 The order in a set is not important.

Math Teacher Ash (YouTube Channel)

II. Determining Elements if it is or is not a Member of a Given Set.

1. C={¿ ,Orange , ¿ , ¿ ,¿ , Indigo , ¿ ocre }

Determine if the following elements is a member of a given set.

a. Orange
b. Red
c. Black

Solutions
a. Orange ∈ C, Orange is a member of Set C because
it is obviously present in the
elements of set C.
b. Red ∈ C, Red is a member of set C because it is
obviously present in the elements of set
C.
c. Black ∈ C, Black is not a member of set C because
it does not belong to elements of Set C

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 2.
J={Brunei , Cambodia , Indonesia , Laos , Malaysia , Philippines , Myanmar , Singapore ,Thailand

Determine if the following elements is a member of a given set.

a. Germany
b. Thailand

Solution:
a. Germany ∈ J, Germany is not a member of Set J
because it does not belong to the
elements of set J
b. Thailand ∈ J Thailand a member of Set J
because it belongs to the
elements of set J

Task III. Practice Activity

1.
M ={ Lapu−Lapu , Zilong , Alucard , Franco , Clint , Bruno , Granger , Tigreal , Aldous ,Uranus , Ro
Determine if the following ML Heroes is a member of a given Set.
(use the above steps in answering this activity)
a. Akai
b. Nana
c. Bruno
d. Karrie
e. Selena

Write your answers here…

Assessment
𝞊
Sets P and Q are defined by
P={3 ,5 ,7 }
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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 B= { x , y , z }

Write TRUE or FALSE

_____ a) 3 ∈ A
_____ b) 3 ∈ B
_____ c) x ∉ A
_____ d) z ∈ B
_____ e) 8 ∈ B

Agreement

Now that you already have defined Sets, your task is to look back
the given Set from Task III and observe how many elements are being listed? Is there
a possibility that it could be made easier and shorter? Please find out…

Session 2: Learning Target:

By the end of the session, you will be able to say
I can distinguish elements using Roster Method from the given
description (Rule Method).

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Task 1: Preliminary Activity

Looking back at the last activity you have, you are asked to have insights
regarding to what has been asked in the Agreement Section ( ). Write your
insights inside the box provided.

Task 2: Lesson Proper

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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 I. Identifying Well – Defined Sets

Looking back at the previous session, you are asked to define Set as well as to
determine elements if it is or is not a member of a given Set. In continuation, it is much
important for you to know how to distinguish elements using Roster Method from the
given description (Rule Method). And before moving on, you should be able to classify
Well – Defined Sets from those are not.

How do we know that a set is Well – Defined?

A set is Well – Defined if we are able to tell whether any particular object is an
element of that set.

Example:
1. Z = {x| x is a winner of a Royal Academy award}

Realization: Set Z implies that it has specific members (ex: John

Steward, Jason Bourne, and many other names) described as the
winners of Royal Academy Awards. Therefore, example no.1 is a
well - defined set.

Note: A set is well – defined if it has specific elements and element description.

2. T = {x| x is tall}

Realization: Set T implies that it has no specific members described as

“tall” (it could be objects, persons, buildings and etc.). Therefore,
example no. 2 is NOT a well – defined set.

Note : A set is not well – defined if it has NO specific elements and element
description.

More example:

1. Q = { ‘the set of former Nobel Prize Winners} 2. H = { ‘the set of tall students in our university}
→ well – defined
→ not well – defined
Explanation: Set H implies that it has no specific
Explanation: Set Q is well defined because it implies
members described as tall students in the university
specifically to the name of people who are the
because there is no specific standard of height
winners of Nobel Prize
given.

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 II. Describing Set.

There are two different ways to describe or represent a set.

A. Roster Method
This method is also called as Listing Method. This method is used
to describe or represent sets by listing the elements enclosed in a
bracket “{}”.

Example:
1. Z = { dove, peacock, parrot, eagle, peageon}
This is read as “ Z is a set whose members are dove, peacock, parrot, eagle, peageon

2. F = { red, orange, yellow, blue, indigo, violet}

3. Y = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …}

B. Set – Builder Notation

This method is used to describe or represent sets by giving
specific description of elements enclosed in a bracket “{}”.

Example:
1. W = { x| x is a carnivorous animal}

This is read as W is the set of all x such that x is a carnivorous animal.

2. S = {x| x is a season of the year}

3. V = {x| x is a color of a rainbow}

Math Teacher Ash (YouTube Channel)

Assessment

Direction: Make use of a straigth line to connect the sets represented through Set –
Builder Notation from the left to elements listed in the right.

1 { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 }
. A = { x | x is a name a flower}
No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
2 T = { x | x is a number greater
{ Santan, Sunflower, Orchid, Daisy, Rose }
. than zero but lesser than 10}

3
C = { x | x is a name of female ML Heroes} { 2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, }
.
D = { x | x is an even number
4
greater than zero but lesser than 15.} { Layla, Lesley, Miya, Selena, Odette}
.

Agreement:

Now that you already have distinguished elements using Roster

Method from the given description (Rule Method). Your next task is to deepen your
thoughts and understanding by reviewing important points in relevance to this topic.
Make use your book (page: 2 – 4). God Bless...

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 Session 3: Learning Target
By the end of the session, you will be able to say
I can differentiate well defined sets, subsets, universal sets,
and null sets.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Task 1: Lesson Proper

I. Understanding Subsets

Definition:
If all the elements of set A are also elements of another set B, we can say that
A is a subject of B, and we write “ A ⊆ B “. In this case, we also say that A part of B.

Look at these two simple sets and understand the elements well,

A = { 1,2,3 } B = { 1,2,3,4,5 }

Set A has {1,2,3} and set B has {1,2,3,4,5} , this implies the elements of Set A
are also present in the elements of Set B but not all elements in B are present
in A.

We can say that:

{ 1,2,3 } is part of { 1,2,3,4,5 }
or A is part of B
Therefore:
{ 1,2,3 } is a subset of { 1,2,3,4,5 }
or A is a subset of B
In symbols:
A⊆ B
Don’t Memorise(YouTube Channel)

EXTRA
MATH

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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
II. Understanding Universal Sets

Definition:
A set which all the elements of the other given sets is called a universal set.
The symbol for denoting a universal set is U.

Look at these two simple sets and understand the elements well,

A = { 1,2,3 } B = { 1,2,3,4,5 } B = { 4,5,6,7,8 }

From the definition, we can say that:

Universal Set or U = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

Example:
1. If C = { a,b,c } B = { b,e,d } F = { d,e,f,g, }

Then U = { a,b,c,d,e,f,g } This implies that all the elements from Sets
C, B, and F are merged in the Universal Set.
Note:
 Each element of the set is written only once.
 The order in a set is not important.

III. Understanding Null Sets

Definition: A set contains no members is called Empty set or Null set denoted by
the sign “ { } “ or “ ∅ “
Example:
1. B = { x|x is a month containing 32 days}
Then B = ∅ , because there are no months having 32 days

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 2. Y = { x|x is a negative number greater than zero}
Then Y =∅ , because negative numbers are always lesser than zero

Task 2: Self - Check

Sets C, V, and B are defined by

C={x∨x is a ¿ rainbow }
V ={¿ , ¿ ,¿ }
B={¿ , ¿ ,orange }

True or False
______1. ¿ ∈C
______2. C ⊆V
______3.V ⊆ C
______4. U ={¿ , ¿ , orange }
______5. B⊆C

Assessment

A. Decide whether each statement is true or false.

Let: U ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7 }
S= { 1,2,4,7 }
T ={ 1,2,4,5,6,7 }
V = { 4,5,6 }

_____1. S ⊂T
_____2. 4 ∈V
_____3. T ⊆ V
_____4. S ⊆T
_____5. { 2,4,6 }={ x|x is an even number }
_____6. V ={x∨x is a number greater than 3 but lesser than 7 }
_____7. { 7,4,2,1 }=S
_____8. V ⊆ {5,6 }

Agreement

Now that you already have differentiated well defined sets,

subsets, universal sets, and null sets. Your next task is review your previous sessions
and integrate them as you are going to perform set operations for the next next
session. God Bless…

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 Session 4: Learning Target
By the end of the session, you will be able to say
I can perform set operations

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Task 1: Lesson Proper

Looking back at previous session, you are done with the different types of sets.
In this session you are asked to integrate those ideas in getting across with the
different operations of sets.

I. Understanding Cardinality of Sets.

Definition: Cardinality of Sets refer to number of elements in a given set denoted by

“ n (A) “
For Example:
A = { Apple, Orange, Strawberry, Lemon, Avocado, Papaya }

We can say that, the number of elements = 6

Therefore, n (A) = 6

V = { 9, 1, 3, 4, 2, 21, 22, 23 }

We can say that, the number of elements = 8

Therefore, n (A) = 8
Don’t Memorise (YouTube Channel)

II. Understanding Union and Intersection of Sets

Union of Sets

Definition: The union of a collection of sets is the set of all elements in the
collection. It is one of the fundamental operations through which sets are combined
and is denoted by the sign “ ∪ “

For Example:
D = { a, c, e, f} Y = { b, d, f, g }
Problem:
Solve for D ∪ Y (read as D union Y) Observe that sets D and Y are
combined that’s why there are two
Solution: D ∪ Y = { a, b, c, d, e, f, f, g, }
elements of F . Since, there should
be no the same elements the final
D ∪ Y = { a, b, c, d, e, f, g, }
answer would be;

Note: Try more union of sets samples on the book (page – 16 ).

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
Intersection of Sets

Definition: The intersection of sets takes only the elements that are in both sets. It
is one of the fundamental operations through which it takes only the elements
common to both sets given and is denoted by the sign “ ∩ “.
common
For Example:
D = { a, c, e, f } Y = { b, d, f, g }
Problem:
Solve for D ∩ Y (read as D intersection Y)
The final answer shows the element
Solution: D∪ Y={f}
{ f } because “ f ” is the only element
common to both sets D and Y.
Note: Try more intersection of sets samples on the
book (page – 17 ).

III. Self – Check

A. Given : A = { 1, 2, 3 } B = { 4, 5, 6, 7 } C = { a, b, c } D = { c, d }
Solve the following:
1. A ∪ B
2. A ∪ C
3. C ∩ D
4. n (A ∪ B)

Write your answers here…

Assessment

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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 A. If A = { 1,3,5,7,9 } B = { 2,4,6,8 } C = { 1,2,3,4 } D = { 10,1}

Solve for the following:

1. A ∪B
2. C∪D
3. C∪B
4. n ( A)
5. D ∩C
6. A∩B
7. n( A ∩ B)
8. n( A ∪ B)
Write your solutions here…

Agreement

Now that you already have performed basic set operations. Your
next task is to reflect with the topics that found hard or doubt with. Take time to review
and be ready for Long Examination next session. God Bless …

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 Session 5: Learning Target
By the end of the session, you will be able to say
I can illustrate well-defined sets, subsets, universal sets, null
set, cardinality of sets, union and intersection of sets
and the difference of two sets.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Task 1: Reviewing Previous Lessons

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permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
Task 2: Assessment Proper

1. Sets A, B, C, and D are defined by

A = { a, b, c, d }
B = { 1 ,4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 23 }
C = { x | x is a month begins with letter M }
D = { x | x is a vowel in the English Alphabet }

Solve for,
a) n ( A )
b) n(B)
c) n ( C )
d) n(D)

2. Sets P and Q are defined by

P={3 ,5 ,7 }
B= { x , y , z }

Write TRUE or FALSE

_____ a) 3 ∈ A
_____ b) 3 ∈ B
_____ c) x ∉ A
_____ d) z ∈ B
_____ e) 8 ∈ B

3. List all the elements in each given set.

a) Y = { x|x is a positive even number less than 10 }
b) R={ x|x is aletter ¿the word AUSTRALIA }
c) K={x∨x is a set of all citiesof Cebu }

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
 4. Sets S, T, U, and V are defined by
S= { 2, 3 , 4 ,5 , 6 , 7 }
T ={ 3 , 5 ,7 }
U ={ 3 ,5 , 7 , 20 , 25 ,30 }
V ={20 , 25 ,30 }
X ={M , A ,T , H }
Y ={E , M , A , T , I , C , S }

Perform the following

a) S ∪ U
b) T ∩U
c) ( S ∪ U ) ∩ U
d) ( S ∪U ) ∩ (T ∪ V )
e) X ∩Y
f) X ∪ Y
Write your solutions here…

End of Module 1

Reference List

Math Teacher Ash (YouTube Channel)

Don’t Memorise (YouTube Channel)
Deped Learning Portal

Signature of Learner over Printed Name/ Date Signature of Parent over Printed Name / Date

No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu
No part of this module may be reproduced in any form or by any means without any written
permission from St. Catherine’s College, Carcar City, Cebu