Introduction to Power System Structure

1
 General overview of power
system
Production EHV Overhead transmission

400kV : EHV
transmission

Poste élévateur
20kV/220kV de la centrale
substation RESEAU
220kV : HV
20 kV/400 kV 400kV/220kV 225 kV
transmission 90kV RESEAU
Poste 400 kV/225 kV
substation 63 kV
Distribution

MV Overhead and Underground distribution 220kV/90kV

Poste 225 kV/63 kV
substation

RESEAU
90kV
63 kV
Distribution
RESEAU
20kV
20 kV
Distribution
90kV / 20kV
20kV
RESEAU primary substation
LVRESEAU
Distribution Distribution Poste 63 kV/20 kV
20 kV
220V
20kV RESEAU LV Distribution
RESEAU
Distribution
20 kV 410 V
User

LV Overhead and Underground distribution

2
General overview of power
system

400kV/63kV
400kV/63kV

HTB/HTA
HTB/HTA 63kV/20kV
63kV/20kV

HTA/BT
20kV/400V
HTA/BT
20kV/400V

3
General overview of power
system
• HV consumer station
• Generators
• HV/MV transformers
• MV/LV transformers
• MV loads
• LV loads
• Main MV switchboard
• Secondary MV switchboards
• LV switchboards

4
Structure of transmission and
subtransmission systems

5
 Structures of HV/MV substation

Single fed HV Dual fed HV Dual fed double bus HV

6
Types of MV structures
• Radial network
• single fed
• dual fed
• dual supply double busbar

• Ring network
• open ring
• closed ring

• Network with internal power production

• local power generating units
• back-up units

7
Single fed radial network

8
Dual fed radial network

9
Dual fed radial network

10
Dual supply, double busbar radial
network

11
Open ring or switched feeder
network

12
Closed ring network

13
Network with power generating
unit or autonomous power plant

14
Network with back-up source and
loadshedding
source 1

MV

G
LV
NC S1

CB1 NC NO CB2
S2
mains/standby

non priority circuits

priority circuits

15
Example: Single fed radial
network
Main
station

0.2km

1km

1km
Substation 3

Substation 1
Substation 2 No back up

16
Example: Dual fed radial network
Main
station

0.2km

1km

1km Substation 3

Substation 1 Substation 2
Back up from
main station
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Example: Open ring network

Main
station

0.2km
1km

Substation 3

0.2km 0.8km

Substation 1 Substation 2
Back up from
the substations
18
General structure of low voltage
distribution

19
End of Lecture

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