Department of Education

Region III – Central Luzon

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PAMPANGA
SAN AGUSTIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
San Agustin, Magalang, Pampanga
MODULE 2
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES
(MELCS)

LESSON 1: Background, Rationale and Development of MELCS

Activity #1
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook.
1. The closures of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious
challenges on the delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher what do you think are
the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum standards that need to be addressed in
order to ensure learning continuity? Cite specific example. Do you think these concerns
could be solved by teachers? Why or why not?
Some of the concerns that needs to be addressed for the Learning Continuity Plan of the
basic education are..
a. The pupils need to be focused on the learning process and not on the idea of passing.
b. Some of the pupils do not have internet connection
c. Unavailability of gadgets among the poorest of the poor.
d. The teachers need to have seminars/webinars regarding on the effective ways and
strategies in the new normal.
These concerns needs to be addressed not only by teachers but all of the stakeholders of
education system. It includes the cooperation of parents, government, school heads and
teachers.
2. Even prior to the spread of Covid 19 that eventually led to the closure of schools
nationwide, the congested curriculum has been perennial problem of teachers(Andaya,
2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on the poor performance of
Filipino learners, Do you agree with this observation? Why or why not?

The congested curriculum may or may not be the problem. However, it is true that the
curriculum is congested because the pupils need to know a lot of information for a short
span of time. On the other side, the poor performance of the pupils maybe based on on
their lack of interest or the pupils need to experience the topics than to be confined on the
four corners of the classroom. Some of the schools in US and Europe has lesser time in the
classroom but more time in exploring and discovering which results to better retention of
the knowledge.

Activity # 2
ACTIVITY 2 : DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF THE MELCs
1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
a. A response to addressing the challenges of the current pandemic.
b. Part of the department’s long-term response to the call of SDG4 to develop resilient
education systems, most especially during emergencies.
2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning competencies?
● Mapping of the essential and desirable learning competencies within the curriculum.
● Analysis of the interconnectedness of prerequisite knowledge and skills among the learning
competencies for each subject area.
● Identification of prerequisite knowledge and skills needed to prepare students for essential
learning competencies.
3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable learning
competencies ?
Essential learning competencies were defined as what the students need, considered
indispensable, in the teaching-learning process to build skills to equip learners for
subsequent grade levels and consequently, for lifelong learning.
Desirable learning competencies were defined as what may enhance education but may not
be necessary in building foundational skills.
4. How were the most essential learning competencies? What were the decisions made in
order to trim down the number of learning essential competencies further?
a. A. learning competency is retained if it satisfies the endurance criterion which greatly
contributes to life-long learning and is a prerequisite skill to the next grade level.
b. Two or more learning competencies are merged or clustered if they have the same
objective or learning intention and can therefore be combined into one comprehensive
learning competency.
c. Learning competencies are removed/dropped due to the following reasons
● They are too specific (and the articulation is similar to that of a learning objective).
● They are deemed appropriate to be introduced in an earlier quarter or grade level or moved to a
later quarter or grade level.
● They are recurring.
● They are subsumed in another learning competency.
d. a learning competency is rephrased to be more concise.

5. 5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality instruction?
MELCs is a part of the department’s response to develop resilient education systems
especially during emergencies and will enable the Department of Education to focus
instuctions on the most essential and indespensible competencies.
Activity # 3
ACTIVITY 3: K-12 CURRICULUM GUIDE AND CORRESPONDING LIST OF MELCs
K TO 12 Learning MELCs
Competencies
MERGED/CLUSTRED 5. compares numbers up to 10 000 compares using relation symbols
using relation symbols and orders in
6. orders 4- to 5-digit numbers in increasing or decreasing order 4- to
increasing or decreasing order. 5-digit numbers up
to 10 000.

8. recognizes coins and bills up to recognizes, reads and writes

PhP1 000. money in symbols and in
9. reads and writes money in words through PhP1 000 in pesos
symbols and in words through and centavos
PhP1 000 in pesos and centavos.

RETAINED 1. visualizes numbers up to 100 1. visualizes numbers up to 100 000

000 with emphasis on numbers with emphasis on numbers 10 001
10 001 – 100 000. – 100 000.

2. gives the place value and value 2. gives the place value and value
of a digit in 4- to 5-digit numbers. of a digit in 4- to 5-digit numbers.

3. reads and writes numbers up to 3. reads and writes numbers up to

10 000 in symbols and in words. 10 000 in symbols and in words.

4. rounds numbers to the nearest 4. rounds numbers to the nearest

ten, hundred and thousand.. ten, hundred and thousand..

DROPPED 16. creates problems involving N/A

addition of whole numbers
 including money.

22. creates problems involving

addition and/or subtraction of
whole numbers including money.

Activity # 4
SHARING

LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Activity #1

1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?

Unpacking and combining the MELCS is important in order to systematize learning
activities and effectively address the varying needs of learners and the challenges of
instructional deliveries.
2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining ?
A . ALIGNMENT ON THE CONTENT AND PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

B. PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

C. LOG ICAL SEQUENCE OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES
3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?
No, only those competencies of commonality of content topic or theme should be unpacked
or combined.

Prepared by:

TEODORA D. BULANADI
TEACHER III