10th Sci Pbi Oct Nov

10 vIN , swieMs, pMjwbI mwiDAm, AkqUbr Aqy nvMbr dw islybs
AiDAwie-2 qyzwb, ^wr Aqy lUx

AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn
pRSn 1- quhwnUM iqMn prKnlIAW id`qIAW geIAW hn[iehnW iv`coN ie`k iv`c kSIdq pwxI Aqy dUjIAW do iv`coN
ie`k iv`c qyzwbI GoL Aqy dUsrI iv`c ^wrI GoL hY[jykr quhwnUM kyvl lwl iltms pypr id`qw hovy qW qusIN
prKnlIAW ivcly pdwrQW dI pCwx ikvyN krogy?
aùqr- AsIN hryk GoL dI ie`k-ie`k bUMd lwl iltms pypr au`qy pwvwNgy[ ijs GoL nwl pypr dw rMg nIlw ho
jwvygw, auh GoL ^wrI hovygw[ hux AsIN ies nIly hoey iltms pypr aùqy bwkI bcy do GoLW dI ie`k-ie`k bUMd
pwvWgy, ijhVy GoL nwl ieh nIlw pypr vwips lwl ho jwvygw auh qyzwbI GoL hY Aqy dUjw kSIdq pwxI[
pRSn 2- ip`ql Aqy qWby dy brqnW iv`c dhIN Aqy K`tIAW vsqW ikauN nhIN r`KxIAW cwhIdIAW?
au~qr- dhIN Aqy K`tIAW vsqW iv`c qyzwb huMdy hn jo ip`ql Aqy qWby dy brqnW nwl ikirAw krky hweIfroj n
gYs Aqy hor hwnIkwrk pdwrQ pYdw krdy hn Aqy Bojn nUM Krwb kr idMdy hn[
pRSn 3- Dwq nwl qyzwb dI pRiqikirAw hox dy nqIjy vjoN ikhVI gYs auqpMn huMdI hY? ie`k audwhrn dy ky
smJwE[ies gYs dI hoNd dI jWc qusIN ikvyN krogy?
aùqr- Dwq nwl qyzwb dI pRiqikirAw hox dy nqIjy vjoN hweIfrojn gYs auqpMn huMdI hY[audwhrn vjoN ie`k
bIkr iv`c ijMk Dwq dy tukiVAW iv`c pqlw gMDk dw qyzwb (sliPaUirk qyzwb) pwaux qy hweIfrojn gYs
inkldI hY[hweIfrojn gYs dy nyVy bldI hoeI momb`qI ilAwaux qy ieh gYs p`p-p`p dI Awvwj nwl bldI hY[
pRSn 4- ie`k Dwq dw Xoigk ‘A’ pqly hweIfrokloirk qyzwb nwl pRiqikirAw krdw hY qW budbdwht
auqpMn huMdI hY[ pYdw hoeI gYs bldI hoeI momb`qI nuM buJw idMdI hY[ ies nwl auqpMn hoey XoigkW iv`c ie`k
kYlSIAm klorweIf hY qW ies pRiqikirAw leI sMquilq rswieixk smIkrn ilKo[
aùqr- CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
kYlSIAm kwrbonyt hweIfrokloirk qyzwb kYlSIAm klorweIf kwrbn fweIAwksweIf pwxI
pRSn 5- HCl, HNO3 Awid jlI GoL iv`c qyzwbI gux ikauN drswauNdy hn jdoN ik Alkohl Aqy gulUkoz ijhy
XoigkW dy jlI GoL qyzwbI gux nhIN drswauNdy hn?
aùqr- ikauNik HCl, HNO3 Awid jlI GoL iv`c hweIfrojn Awien (H+) pYdw krdy hn pr Alkohl Aqy gulUkoz
ijhy Xoigk pwxI iv`c hweIfrojn Awien pYdw nhIN krdy[
pRSn 6- qyzwb dw jlI GoL ibjlI dI Dwrw dw cwln ikauN krdw hY?
aùqr- ikauNik qyzwb pwxI iv`c hweIfrojn Awien (H+) pYdw krdy hn[ieh cwrijq Awien ibjlI dI Dwrw dw
cwln krdy hn[
iqAwr krqw- ikrndIp isMG-9463243115 (ssss mwCIky mogw) Aqy smndIp kOr (ssss iblwspur mogw) Page 1
pRSn 7- KuSk HCl gYs KuSk iltms pypr dy rMg nUM ikauN nhIN bdldI?
aùqr- ikauNik KuSk HCl gYs pwxI qoN ibnHW hweIfrojn Awien (H+) pYdw nhIN krdI ies leI ieh pwxI qoN ibnHW
qyzwb vWg ivvhwr nhIN krdI[
pRSn 8:- qyzwb nUM hlkw krdy smyN ieh ikauN slwh id`qI jWdI hY ik qyzwb nUM pwxI iv`c pwauxw cwhIdw
hY nw ik pwxI nUM qyzwb iv`c?
aùqr- pwxI iv`c qyzwb Golx dI ikirAw bhuq qwp inkwsI hY[ies leI qyzwb nUM pwxI iv`c ihlwauNdy hoey hOlI-
hOlI GoilAw jWdw hY ikauNik pwxI qwp aUrjw nUM soK lYNdw hY[jykr AsIN pwxI nUM qyzwb iv`c pwvWgy qW v`D qwp
aUrjw kwrn imSrx dy iC`ty bwhr Aw skdy hn Aqy k`c dw brqn vI tu`t skdw hY[
pRSn 9- qyzwb nUM pqlw krdy smyN hweIfronIAm AwienW (H3O+) dI sMGxqw iks qrHW pRBwivq huMdI hY?
aùqr- qyzwb nUM pqlw krdy smyN hweIfronIAm AwienW (H3O+) dI sMGxqw iekweI Awieqn iv`c G`t jWdI hY[
pRSn-10- sofIAm hweIfroksweIf GoL iv`c hweIfroksweIf AwienW (OH-) dI sMGxqw iks qrHW
pRBwivq huMdI hY jdoN GoL iv`c vDyry ^wr GoilAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- vDyry ^wr Golx qy sofIAm hweIfroksweIf GoL iv`c hweIfroksweIf AwienW (OH-) dI sMGxqw v`D
jWdI hY[
pRSn 11- quhwfy kol do GoL ‘A’ Aqy ‘B’ hn[ GoL ‘A’ dI pH dw mwn 6 hY Aqy GoL ‘B’ dI pH dw mwn
8 hY[ iehnW iv`coN ikhVy GoL iv`c hweIfrojn AwienW dI sMGxqw v`D hY? iehnW iv`coN ikhVw GoL qyzwbI
Aqy ikhVw GoL ^wrI hY?
aùqr- GoL ‘A’ dI pH dw mwn 6 (7 qoN G`t) hY, ies leI ieh qyzwbI hY Aqy ies iv`c hweIfrojn AwienW dI
sMGxqw v`D hY[GoL ‘B’ dI pH dw mwn 8 (7 qoN v`D) hY, ies leI ieh ^wrI hY Aqy ies iv`c hweIfrojn
AwienW dI sMGxqw G`t hY[
pRSn 12- hweIfrojn AwienW H+ (aq) dI sMGxqw dw GoL dI pRikrqI aùqy kI pRBwv pYNdw hY?
aùqr- iksy GoL iv`c hweIfrojn AwienW dI sMGxqw v`Dx nwl GoL dw qyzwbIpx v`Ddw hY Aqy hweIfrojn
AwienW dI sMGxqw Gtx nwl GoL iv`c ^wrwpx v`Ddw hY[
pRSn 13- kI ^wrI GoLW iv`c H+ (aq) Awien vI huMdy hn? jykr hW, qW auh ^wrI ikauN huMdy hn?
aùqr- hW, ^wrI GoLW iv`c vI H+ Awien huMdy hn[ pr ^wrI GoLW iv`c H+ dI sMGxqw OH- nwloN G`t huMdI hY[
pRSn 14- quhwfy ivcwr Anuswr koeI ikswn Awpxy Kyq dI im`tI dI iks pirsiQqI iv`c Ax-buJy cUn y
(kYlSIAm AwksweIf) jW buJy hoey cUny (kYlSIAm hweIfroksweIf) jW cwk (kYlSIAm kwrbonyt) dI
Awpxy Kyq iv`c vrqoN krygw?
aùqr- jykr Kyq dI im`tI qyzwbI hY qW ikswn ^wrwpx vDwaux leI Ax-buJy cUny (kYlSIAm AwksweIf) jW buJ y
hoey cUny (kYlSIAm hweIfroksweIf) jW cwk (kYlSIAm kwrbonyt) dI Awpxy Kyq iv`c vrqoN krygw[
pRSn 15- CaOCl2 Xoigk dw sDwrn nW kI hY?
aùqr- rMgkwt jW blIicMg pwaUfr[
pRSn 16- aus vsqU dw nW d`so jo klorIn nwl ikirAw krky rMgkwt pwaUfr pYdw krdI hY[
aùqr- kYlSIAm hweIfroksweIf [Ca (OH)2].
pRSn 17- sofIAm dy aus Xoigk dw nW d`so jo kTor pwxI nUM hlkw krn leI vriqAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- k`pVy Dox vwlw sofw - (Na2CO3 .10H2O)
pRSn 18- sofIAm hweIfrojn kwrbonyt dy GoL nUM grm krn nwl kI huMdw hY? sMbMiDq ikirAw dI
smIkrx ilKo[
aùqr- sofIAm hweIfrojn kwrbonyt (im`Tw sofw- NaHCO3 ) nUM grm krn qy sofIAm kwrbonyt, pwxI Aqy
kwrbn fweIAwksweIf gYs pYdw huMdy hn[
pRSn 19- plwstr AwP pYirs Aqy pwxI ivckwr vwprdI pRiqikirAw dI smIkrx ilKo[
aùqr- plwstr AwP pYirs pwxI nwl ikirAw krky ijpsm bxwauNdw hY[
AiBAws dy pRSn-au`qr
pRSn 1- ie`k GoL lwl iltms nUM nIlw kr idMdw hY, iesdw sMBv qOr qy pH hY:
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 10 ✓

pRSn 2- ie`k GoL AMfy dy iClky dy bwrIk tukiVAW nwl ikirAw krky ie`k gYs pYdw krdI hY[ jo cUny dy
pwxI nUM duDIAw kr idMdI hY[ GoL iv`c mOjUd hY:
(a) NaCl (b) HCl ✓ (c) LiCl (d) KCl

pRSn 3- sofIAm hweIfroksweIf (NaOH) dw 10 mL GoL, HCl dy 8 mL GoL nwl pUrn qOr qy audwsIn
ho jWdw hY[ jykr AsIN NaOH dy ausI GoL dy 20 mL leIey qW aus nUM audwsIn krn leI HCl dy ausy GoL
dI ikMnI mwqrw dI jrUrq hovygI?
(a) 4 mL (b) 8mL (c) 12 mL (d) 16 mL ✓

pRSn 4- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVI iksm dI dvweI bdhzmI dw ielwj krn leI vrqI jWdI hY?
(a) AYNtIbwieauitk (Antibiotic) (b) AYnwljYisk (Analgesic)
(c) AYNtAYisf (Antacid) ✓ (d) AYNtIsYpitk (Antiseptic)
pRSn 5- hyT ilKIAW ikirAwvW leI pihlW Sbd smIkrxW Aqy iPr sMquilq smIkrxW ilKo[
(a) pqlw sliPaUirk qyzwb dwxydwr izMk nwl ikirAw krdw hY[
(b) pqlw hweIfrokloirk qyzwb mYgnISIAm irbn nwl ikirAw krdw hY[
(c) pqlw sliPaUirk qyzwb AYlUmInIAm pwaUfr nwl ikirAw krdw hY[
(d) pqlw hweIfrokloirk qyzwb Awiern dIAW kqrW nwl ikirAw krdw hY[
aùqr- (a) sliPaUirk qyzwb + izMk → izMk slPyt + hweIfrojn gYs
H2SO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + H2
(b) hweIfrokloirk qyzwb + mYgnISIAm → mYgnISIAm klorweIf + hweIfrojn gYs
2HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2
(c) sliPaUirk qyzwb + AYlUmInIAm → AYlUmInIAm slPyt + hweIfrojn gYs
3H2SO4 + 2Al → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
(d) hweIfrokloirk qyzwb + Awiern → Awiern klorweIf + hweIfrojn gYs
HCl + Fe → FeCl2 + H2
pRSn 6- Alkohl Aqy gulUkoz ijhy XoigkW iv`c vI hweIfrojn huMdI hY pr auhnW nUM qyzwb vjoN vrgIikRq
nhIN kIqw jWdw[ ies nUM is`D krn leI ie`k ikirAw dw vrnx kro[
aùqr- ikauNik Alkohl Aqy gulUkoz ijhy Xoigk pwxI iv`c hweIfrojn Awien pYdw nhIN krdy, ies leI iehnW nUM
AsIN qyzwb vjoN vrgIikRq nhIN krdy[
ikirAw- ic`qr iv`c ivKwey Anuswr ie`k srkt iqAwr kro[ jdoN AsIN bIkr iv`c koeI HCl vrgy qyzwb dw jlI
GoL pwauNdy hw qW blb jgdw hY pr Alkohl jW gulUkoz dw jlI GoL pwaux qy blb nhIN jgdw[Aijhw ies leI
huMdw hY ikauNik qyzwb qW pwxI iv`c AwienW iv`c tu`t jwdy hn pr Alkohl jW gulUkoz dw jlI GoL AwienW iv`c nhIN
tùtdw[ ies leI Alkohl jW gulUkoz dy jlI GoL iv`c hweIfrojn AwienW dI AxhoNd krky AsIN iehnW nUM qyzwb
nhIN kih skdy[
pRSn 7- kSIdq pwxI ikauN ibjlI cwlk nhIN jdoN ik mINh dw pwxI huMdw hY?
aùqr- kSIdq pwxI, pwxI dw iblku`l Su`D rUp hY Aqy ies iv`c koeI Awien nhIN huMdy ies leI kSIdq pwxI
ibjlI cwlk nhIN huMdw[ pr mINh dy pwxI iv`c qyzwbW Awid dIAW ASùDIAW GulIAW hox krky ies iv`c Awien
mOjUd huMdy hn, ies leI mINh dw pwxI ibjlI dw cwlk huMdw hY[
pRSn 8- pwxI dI AxhoNd iv`c qyzwbW dw ivvhwr qyzwbI ikauN nhIN huMdw?
aùqr- ikauNik pwxI dI AxhoNd iv`c qyzwb hweIfrojn Awien pYdw nhIN krdy Aqy hweIfrojn Awien hI qyzwbI gux
drswauNdy hn[
pRSn 9- pMj GoL A, B, C, D Aqy E dI jdoN ivSvivAwpI sUck nwl prK kIqI geI qW lVIvwr auhnW dy pH
mwn: 4, 1, 11, 7 Aqy 9 pRwpq huMdy hn[ auhnW iv`coN ikhVw GoL:
(a) audwsIn hY?
(A) SkqISwlI ^wrI hY?
(e) SkqISwlI qyzwbI hY?
(s) kmjor qyzwbI hY?
(h) kmjor ^wrI hY?
pH mwnW nUM hweIfrojn AwienW dI sMGxqw dy vDdy kRm iv`c ilKo[
aùqr- (a) audwsIn- GoL D, pH-7
(A) SkqISwlI ^wrI- GoL C, pH-11
(e) SkqISwlI qyzwbI- GoL B, pH-1
(s) kmjor qyzwbI- GoL A, pH-4
(h) kmjor ^wrI- GoL E, pH-9
pH mwnW dw hweIfrojn AwienW dI sMGxqw dw vDdw kRm: 11 < 9 < 7 < 4 < 1
pRSn 10- prKnlI ‘A’ Aqy ‘B’ iv`c smwn lMbweI dIAW mYgnISIAm dIAW p`tIAW leIAW geIAW
hn[prKnlI ‘A’ iv`c hweIfrokloirk qyzwb (HCl) pwieAw jWdw hY Aqy prKnlI ‘B’ iv`c AYisitk qyzwb
(CH3COOH) ,dovyN qyzwbW dI sMGxqw Aqy mwqrw smwn hY[iks prKnlI iv`c vDyry qyzI nwl sI-sI dI
Awvwj AwauNdI hY Aqy ikauN?
aùqr- prKnlI ‘A’ iv`c vDyry qyzI nwl sI-sI dI Awvwj AwauNdI hY, ikauNik hweIfrokloirk qyzwb (HCl),
AYisitk qyzwb (CH3COOH) nwloN vDyry SkqISwlI qyzwb hY[ies leI HCl, Dwq nwl ikirAw krky vDyry qyzI nwl
hweIfrojn gYs pYdw krygw[
pRSn 11-qwzy dùD dI pH dw mwn 6 huMdw hY[ dhIN bx jwx auprMq ies dy pH mwn iv`c kI pirvrqn
Aweygw? ivAwiKAw sihq au`qr idE[
aùqr- dhIN bx jwx auprMq pH dw mwn 6 qoN Gt jwvygw[ikauNik dhIN iv`c qyzwb huMdw hY jo dùD dw pH Gtw idMdw
hY[
pRSn 12-ie`k doDI dùD iv`c QoVHw ijhw byikMg sofw imlw idMdw hY[
(a) auh qwzy du`D dI pH dw mwn 6 qoN bdlky QoVHw ijhw ^wrI ikauN krdw hY?
aùqr- doDI dùD dy pH dw mwn 6 qoN ies leI vDwauNdw hY qW ik dùD jldI dhIN iv`c bdl ky Krwb nw ho jwvy[
(A) ies dùD nUM dhIN bxn iv`c vDyry smW ikauN lgdw hY?
aùqr- du`D ^wrI hox krky dhIN iv`c bxn vwlw lYkitk qyzwb pihlW audwsIn huMdw rihMdw hY[ies leI dhIn bxn
iv`c vDyry smW lgdw hY[
pRSn 13- plwstr AwP pYirs nUM nmI roDk brqn iv`c r`Kxw cwhIdw hY[ vrxn kro ikauN?
aùqr- ikauNik plwstr AwP pYirs nmI (pwxI) nwl ikirAw krky ijpsm iv`c bdl jWdw hY Aqy ie`k sKq
pdwrQ bx jWdw hY[
pRSn 14- audwsInIkrn ikirAw qoN kI Bwv hY? ies dIAW do audwhrxW idE[
aùqr- qyzwb Aqy ^wr imlwaux qy ie`k dUjy nwl ikirAw krky pwxI, lUx Aqy qwp aUrjw pYdw krdy hn Aqy ie`k
dUjy dy pRBwv nUM Kqm kr idMdy hn[ ies ikirAw nUM audwsInIkrn ikirAw kihMdy hn[
qyzwb + ^wr → lUx + pwxI + qwp aUrjw
audwhrxW- (1) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O + qwp aUrjw
(2) bdhzmI dI siQqI iv`c swfy imhdy iv`c v`D mwqrw iv`c qyzwb (HCl) bx igAw huMdw hY, ies leI
AsIN ^wrI pdwrQW dy bxy AYNtAYisf dw aupXog krdy hW jo ik swfy imhdy ivcly pdwrQ nUM audwsIn krky swnUM
rwhq pRdwn krdy hn[
pRSn 15- k`pVy Dox vwly sofy Aqy byikMg sofy dy do mh`qvpUrn aupXog idE[
aùqr- k`pVy Dox vwly sofy (sofIAm kwrbonyt) dy aupXog- (1) sofIAm kwrbonyt jW k`pVy Dox vwly sofy dw aupXog
k`c, swbx Aqy kwgz audXogW iv`c huMdw hY[
(2) iesdw aupXog GrW iv`c sPweI krn leI kIqw jWdw hY[
(3) iesdw aupXog pwxI dI sQweI kTorqw htwaux leI kIqw jWdw hY[
byikMg sofy jW im`Ty sofy (sofIAm bweIkwrbonyt) dy aupXog- (1) iesdw aupXog byikMg pwaUfr dy rUp iv`c rsoeI
iv`c Aqy byikMg audXog iv`c kIqw jWdw hY[
(2) iesdw aupXog sofw-qyzwb A`g buJwau XMqr iv`c kIqw jWdw hY[
(3) iesdw aupXog AYNtAYisf vjoN bdhjmI dUr krn leI vI kIqw jw skdw hY[
ku`J Xwd r`Kx-Xog g`lW
lVI Xoigk dw rswieixk

Xoigk dw Awm nW Xoigk dw rswieixk nW
nMbr sUqr
1 NaCl sDwrn nmk sofIAm klorweIf
2 NaOH kwsitk sofw sofIAm hweIfroksweIf
3 CaO AxbuiJAw cUnw kYlSIAm AwksweIf
4 Ca(OH)2 buiJAw cUnw kYlSIAm hweIfroksweIf
5 CaCO3 cUnw p`Qr kYlSIAm kwrbonyt
6 CH3COOH isrkw jW AYisitk AYisf eIQynoiek AYisf
7 CaOCl2 rMgkwt jW blIicMg pwaUfr kYlSIAm hweIpo klorweIf
sofIAm bweIkwrbonyt jW
8 NaHCO3 im`Tw sofw jW byikMg sofw
sofIAm hweIfrojn kwrbonyt
9 Na2CO3-10H2O k`pVy Dox vwlw sofw sofIAm kwrbonyt
10 CuSO4-5H2O nIlw QoQw kwpr slPyt
11 CaSO4- H2O plwstr AwP pYirs (POP) kYlSIAm slPyt
12 CaSO4-2 H2O Ijpsm kYlSIAm slPyt
AiDAwie-3 DwqW Aqy ADwqW

AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn
pRSn 1- AijhI Dwq dI audwhrx idE jo:
(a) kmry dy qwpmwn ‘qy qrl hY[
aùqr- mrkrI (pwrw)[
(A) sOiKAW cwkU nwl k`tI jw skdI hY[
aùqr- sofIAm Aqy potwSIAm[
(e) qwp dI sB qoN au`qm cwlk hY[
aùqr- islvr (cWdI)[
(s) qwp dI G`t cwlk hY[
aùqr-mrkrI (pwrw)[
pRSn 2- kutIxXogqw Aqy KcIxXogqw dw Bwv smJwE[
au~qr- DwqW nUM ku`t ky pqlIAW cwdrW bxwaux dI smr`Qw nUM kutIxXogqw kihMdy hn[
DwqW nUM iK`c ky bwrIk qwrW bxwaux dI smr`Qw nUM KcIxXogqw kihMdy hn[
pRSn 3- sofIAm nUM kYrosIn iv`c fubo ky ikauN rìKAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- ikauNik sofIAm Aqy potwSIAm bhuq hI ikirAwSIl DwqW hn[ ieh hvw Aqy nmI (pwxI) dy sMprk
iv`c Aw ky hweIfrojn gYs pYdw krdIAW hn Aqy A`g PVH lYNdIAW hn[ ies leI iehnW DwqW nMU hvw Aqy
pwxI dy sMprk qoN bcwaux leI im`tI dy qyl jW kYrosIn iv`c fubo ky r`Kdy hW[
pRSn 4- iehnW pRiqikirAwvW leI smIkrn ilKo:
(a) Awiern dI Bw& nwl[
(A) kYlSIAm Aqy potwSIAm dI pwxI nwl[
aùqr-(a) Awiern Bw& nwl ikirAw krky Awiern dw ie`k cuMbkI AwksweIf Aqy hweIfrojn gYs pYdw huMdI
hY[ 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4 (s) + 4H2 (g)
(A) kYlSIAm pwxI nwl ikirAw krky kYlSIAm hweIfRoAwksweIf Aqy hweIfRojn gYs pYdw krdw hY[
Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)
potwSIAm TMfy pwxI nwl vI qyzI nwl ikirAw krky hweIfrojn gYs pYdw krdw hY Aqy A`g PVH lYNdw hY[
2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + 2H2 (g)
pRSn 5- A, B, C Aqy D cwr DwqW dy nmUny ley gey Aqy auhnW nUM ie`k-ie`k krky hyTly GoLW iv`c pwieAw
igAw[ies qoN pRwpq isìtAW nUM hyT ilKy Anuswr swrnIb`D kIqw igAw[
Dwq Awiern (II) slPyt kwpr (II) slPyt izMk slPyt islvr slPyt
A koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN ivsQwpn
B ivsQwpn koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN
C koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN ivsQwpn
D koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN koeI pRiqikirAw nhIN
ies swrnI dw pRXog krky DwqW A, B, C Aqy D dy sMbMD iv`c hyT ilKy pRSnW dw aùqr idE[
(a) sB qoN v`D ikirAwSIl Dwq ikhVI hY?
aùqr- B Dwq[
(A) Dwq B nUM kwpr slPyt dy GoL iv`c pwieAw jwvy qW kI hovygw?
aùqr- Dwq B kwpr slPyt dy GoL iv`coN kwpr nUM ivsQwipq kr dyvygI Aqy GoL dw nIlw rMg bdl jwvygw[
(e) Dwq A, B, C Aqy D nUM ikirAwSIlqw dy Gtdy kRm iv`c ilKo[
aùqr- B > A > C > D.
pRSn 6- jdoN pqly hweIfrokloirk qyzwb nwl Awiern ikirAw krdw hY qW iesdI rswieixk pRiqikirAw
ilKo[ qyzwb nUM ikirAwSIlqw Dwq au`qy pwieAw jWdw hY qW ikhVI gYs auqpMn huMdI hY[
aùqr- Awiern, pqly hweIfrokloirk qyzwb nwl ikirAw krky hweIfrojn gYs pYdw krdw hY[
Fe(s) + H2SO4 (aq) → FeSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)
pRSn 7- jdoN qusIN izMk nUM Awiern slPyt dy GoL iv`c pwauNdy ho qW qusIN kI vyKdy ho? vwprdI rswieixk
pRiqikirAw ilKo[
aùqr- izMk, Awiern nwloN v`D ikirAwSIl Dwq hY[ ies leI izMk, Awiern nUM Awiern slPyt dy GoL iv`coN
ivsQwipq kr idMdw hY Aqy GoL dw rMg hlky hry qoN rMghIx ho jWdw hY[
FeSO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + Fe(s)
(hlkw hrw) (rMghIx)
pRSn 8:- (a) sofIAm, AwksIjn Aqy mYgnISIAm dI ielỲktRwnI ibMdU rcnw ilKo[
aùqr- sofIAm AwksIjn mYgnISIAm
(A) ielY`ktrwnW dI Adlw-bdlI krky Na2O Aqy MgO dI isrjxW kro[

aùqr-
(e) iehnW XoigkW iv`c ikhVy Awien mOjUd huMdy hn?

aùqr- iehnW XoigkW iv`c kYtwien (Na+ , Mg2+) Aqy AYnwien (O2-) mOjUd hn[
pRSn 9- AwienI XoigkW dy ipGlx AMk ikauN v`D huMdy hn?
aùqr- AwienI XoigkW dy Dn Aqy irx AwienW iv`c SkqISwlI siQr ibjleI bl huMdw hY[ ijs krky AwienW
nUM dUr krn leI v`D aUrjw dI loV huMdI hY[ ies leI AwienI XoigkW dy ipGlx AMk v`D huMdy hn[
pRSn 10- hyT ilKy pdW (terms) dI pirBwSw idE:
(a) Kixj, (A) k`cI Dwq, (e) gYNg[
aùqr- (a) Kixj- ipRQvI dI pypVI iv`c kudrqI qOr ‘qy imlx vwly q`q jW XoigkW nMU Kixj AwKdy hn[
(A) k`cI Dwq- ijnHW KixjW iv`c Dwq dI mwqrw v`D huMdI hY Aqy ijMnHW iv`coN Dwq dw inSkrSn lwhyvMd
FMg nwl kIqw jw skdw hY, aus nUM k`cI Dwq kihMdy hn[
(e) gYNg- k`cI Dwq iv`c mOjUd im`tI Aqy ryq vrgIAW ASùDIAW nUM gYNg kihMdy hn[
pRSn 11- do DwqW dy nW d`so jo pRikirqI iv`c mukq AvsQw iv`c imldIAW hn[
aùqr- sonw, cWdI Aqy plwtInm[
pRSn 12- Dwq nUM aus dy AwksweIf qoN pRwpq krn leI ikhVI rswieixk pRikirAw dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI
hY?
aùqr- DwqW dy AwksweIfW qoN kwrbn jW v`D ikirAwSIl DwqW nwl grm krky lGUkrn ivDI nwl DwqW dw
inSkrSn kIqw jWdw hY[
pRSn 13- izMk, mYgnISIAm Aqy kwpr dy DwqvIN AwksweIfW nUM hyT ilKIAW DwqW nwl (v`K-v`K) grm
kIqw igAw:
DwqvIN AwksweIf izMk (ijsq) mYgnISIAm kwpr
izMk AwksweIf
mYgnISIAm AwksweIf
kwpr AwksweIf
d`so iks siQqI iv`c rswieixk ivsQwpn pRiqikirAw hovygI?
aùqr- iehnW DwqW dI ikirAwSIlqw dw kRm ies pRkwr hY: Mg > Zn > Cu
DwqvIN AwksweIf izMk (ijsq) mYgnISIAm kwpr
izMk AwksweIf ivsQwpn ikirAw
mYgnISIAm AwksweIf
kwpr AwksweIf ivsQwpn ikirAw ivsQwpn ikirAw
pRSn 14- ikhVIAW DwqW AwswnI nwl nhIN KurdIAW?

aùqr- sonw Aqy plwtInm vrgIAW bhuq hI G`t ikirAwSIl DwqW[
pRSn 15- imSrq DwqW kI huMdIAW hn?
aùqr- do jW do qoN v`D DwqW jW Dwq Aqy ADwq dy smAMgI imSrn nUM imSrq Dwq jW AYlwie (Alloy) kihMdy
hn[
pRSn 1- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw joVw ivsQwpn pRiqikirAw krygw?
(a) NaCl GoL Aqy kwpr Dwq (b) MgCl2 GoL Aqy AYlUmInIAm Dwq
(c) FeSO4 Aqy islvr Dwq (d) AgNO3 Aqy kwpr Dwq ✓
pRSn 2- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVI ivDI Awiern dI kVwhI nUM jMg l`gx qoN bcwaux leI aupXukq hY?
(a) grIs lgwauxw (b) pyNt krnw
(c) izMk dI prq cVHwauxw ✓ (d) aùkq swry

pRSn 3- ie`k q`q AwksIjn nwl pRiqikirAw krky aùc ipGlx AMk vwlw Xoigk bxwauNdw hY[ ieh Xoigk
pwxI iv`c vI GulxSIl hY[ sMBv qOr qy ieh q`q hY:
(a) kYlSIAm ✓ (b) kwrbn

(c) islIkwn (d) Awiern
pRSn 4- Bojn r`Kx vwly kYnW nUM itn dI Jwl kIqI jWdI hY izMk dI nhIN, ikauNik?
(a) izMk itn nwloN mihMgI hY[ (b) izMk dw ipGlx AMk it`n nwloN au`cw hY[
(c) izMk it`n nwloN vDyry ikirAwSIl hY[✓ (d) izMk it`n nwloN G`t ikirAwSIl hY[
pRSn 5- quhwnUM ie`k hQOVw, ie`k bYtrI, ie`k b`lb, qwrW Aqy siv`c id`qy gey hn[
(a) qusIN DwqW Aqy ADwqW dy nmUinAW nMU pihcwnx leI iehnW nMU ikvyN vrqogy?
(A) DwqW Aqy ADwqW nUM pCwnx leI kIqIAW prKW dI aupXogqw dw mulMkx kro[
aùqr- (a) AsIN hQOVy nwl id`qy gey nmUny nUM kutWgy[ jykr ieh nmUnw kùtx qy cwdr vWg hox l`gdw hY qW ieh
Dwq hY, jykr Bur jWdw hY qW ieh ADwq hY[ bYtrI, b`lb, qwrW Aqy siv`c nwl AsIN ie`k tYstr bxwvWgy[ jykr
nmUny nUM ies tYstr iv`c lgwaux ‘qy b`lb jgdw hY qW auh Dwq hY[ jykr b`lb nhIN jgdw qW auh nmUnw ADwq
hY[
(A) swnUM ies qoN ieh pqw l`gdw hY ik DwqW kutIxXog hn Aqy ADwqW kutIxXog nhIN hn[ DwqW ibjlI dIAW
sucwlk hn Aqy ADwqW ibjlI dIAW kucwlk hn[
pRSn 6- AYmPotYirk AwksweIf kI huMdy hn? AYmPotYirk AwksweIfW dIAW do audwhrxW idE[
aùqr- kùJ DwqW dy AwksweIf qyzwbI Aqy KwrI donoN gux r`Kdy hn, auhnW nUM AYmPotYirk AwksweIf kihMdy hn[
audwhrn vjoN: izMk AwksweIf, AYlUmInIAm AwksweIf[
pRSn 7- do DwqW dy nW lE jo hlky qyzwbW iv`coN hweIfrojn ivsQwipq kr dyxgIAW Aqy do DwqW dy nW lE
jo hlky qyzwbW iv`coN hweIfrojn ivsQwipq nhIN krngIAW[
aùqr- izMk Aqy mYgnISIAm, hweIfrojn nwloN v`D ikirAwSIl hox krky hlky qyzwbW iv`coN hweIfrojn ivsQwipq
kr idMdIAW hn[ sonw Aqy cWdI, hweIfrojn nwloN G`t ikirAwSIl hox krky hlky qyzwbW iv`coN hweIfrojn
ivsQwipq nhIN krdIAW hn[
pRSn 8- ie`k Dwq M dy ibjlI ApGtn SùDIkrn leI qusIN AYnof, kYQof Aqy ibjlI ivGtk vjoN kI
lEgy?
aùqr- AYnof vjoN ASu`D Dwq dw tùkVw, kYQof vjoN SùD Dwq dI p`qI Aqy M Dwq dy lUx dw GoL ibjlI ivGtk vjoN
lvWgy[
pRSn 9- prqXUS ny slPr pwaUfr nUM spYcUly aùqy lY ky grm kIqw[ aus ny auqpMn gYs nUM aus aùpr pu`TI
prKnlI r`K ky iek`Tw kIqw ijvyN ik ic`qr iv`c ivKwieAw igAw hY[
(a) gYs dI kI ikirAw hovygI:

(i) su`ky iltms p`qr aùqy[
(ii) is`ly iltms p`qr au`qy[
(A) vwprdI pRiqikirAw dI sMquilq rswieixk smIkrn ilKo[
aùqr- (a) (i) ies ikirAw iv`c pYdw hoeI slPr fweIAwksweIf gYs su`ky iltms pypr aùqy koeI pRBwv nhIN
pwvygI[
(ii) ies ikirAw iv`c pYdw hoeI slPr fweIAwksweIf gYs nIly iltms pypr nUM lwl kr dyvygI[
(A) S(s) + O2 (g) → SO2 (g)
SO2 (g) + H2O → H2SO3
pRSn 10- Awiern nUM jMg l`gx qoN bcwaux leI koeI do FMg d`so[
aùqr- lohy nUM jMg l`gx qoN hyT ilKy qrIikAw nwl bcwieAw jw skdw hY:
(1) pyNt krky[
(2) grIs krky[
(3) glvYnIkrx (izMk dI prq cVHwauxw)[
(4) iksy v`D ikirAwSIl Dwq nwl joV ky[
pRSn 11- AwDwqW AwksIjn nwl sMXukq ho ky ikho ijhy AwksweIf bxwauNdIAW hn?
aùqr- qyzwbI jW audwsIn AwksweIf[ ijvyN SO2 qyzwbI hY Aqy CO audwsIn hY[
pRSn 12- kwrn d`so:
(a) plwtInm, golf Aqy islvr gihxy bxwaux leI vrqy jWdy hn[
aùqr- ikauNik plwtInm, golf Aqy islvr (cWdI) bhuq hI G`t ikirAwSIl DwqW hn, iehnW dw Korn nhIN
huMdw[ ies qoN ielwvw ieh DwqW kw&I kutIxXog vI hn[
(A) sofIAm, potwSIAm Aqy il`QIAm nUM qyl iv`c stor kIqw jWdw hY[
aùqr- ikauNik sofIAm, potwSIAm Aqy il`QIAm bhuq hI ikirAwSIl DwqW hn[ ieh hvw Aqy nmI (pwxI) dy
sMprk iv`c Aw ky hweIfrojn gYs pYdw krdIAW hn Aqy A`g PVH lYNdIAW hn[ ies leI iehnW DwqW nMU hvw Aqy
pwxI dy sMprk qoN bcwaux leI im`tI dy qyl jW kYrosIn iv`c fubo ky r`Kdy hW[
(e) AYlUmInIAm ie`k bhuq ikirAwSIl Dwq hY pr iPr vI ieh Kwxw bxwaux vwly brqn vrqI jWdI hY[
aùqr- AYlUmInIAm aùqy hvw nwl ikirAw ho ky AYlUmInIAm AwksweIf dI AikirAwSIl prq bx jWdI hY[
ieh prq AYlUmInIAm nUM A`gy ikirAw nhIN krn idMdI[
(s) inSkrSn pRikirAw dOrwn kwrbonyt Aqy slPweIf k`cIAW DwqW nUM Awm krky AwksweIfW iv`c
bdl ilAw jWdw hY[
aùqr- ikauNik kwrbonyt Aqy slPweIfW dy mukwbly AwksweIf k`cIAW DwqW iv`coN DwqW dw lGUkrn sOKw ho
jWdw hY[
pRSn 13- qusIN kwpr dy bdrMgy brqnW nUM inMbU jW iemlI dy rs nwl sw& krdy zrUr vyiKAw hovygw[
ivAwiKAw kro ik ieh K`tIAW vsqW brqnW nUM sw& krn leI ikvyN pRBwvI hn?
aùqr- inMbU Aqy iemlI vrgIAW K`tIAW vsqW iv`c qyzwb huMdy hn jo kwpr dy bdrMgy brqnW ‘qy bxy ^wrI kwpr
AwksweIf Aqy kwpr kwrbonyt nwl ikirAw krky brqn nUM sw& kr idMdy hn[
pRSn 14- rswieixk guxW dy AwDwr ‘qy DwqW Aqy ADwqW iv`c AMqr d`so[
aùqr-
DwqW ADwqW
rswieixk guxW dy AwDwr qy
1. ieh AwksIjn nwl ikirAw krky AwienI Aqy 1. ieh AwksIjn nwl ikirAw krky sih-sMXojk Aqy
^wrI AwksweIf bxwauNdIAW hn[ qyzwbI jW ^wrI AwksweIf bxwauNdIAW hn[
2. ieh ielỲktrwn dy ky Dn cwrijq Awien bxw 2. ieh ielỲktrwn lY ky irx cwrijq Awien bxw
skdIAW hn[ skdIAW hn[
3. DwqW lGUkwrk huMdIAW hn[ 3. ADwqW AwksIkwrk hn[
BOiqk guxW dy AwDwr qy
4. mrkrI nUM C`f ky bwkI swrIAW DwqW Tos hn[ 4. ADwqW Tos, dRv Aqy gYs rUp iv`c imldIAW hn[
5. DwqW dI DwqvIN cmk huMdI hY[ 5. ADwqW dI cmk nhIN huMdI[
6. DwqW ibjlI Aqy qwp dIAW sucwlk huMdIAW hn[ 6. ADwqW ibjlI (gRyPweIt qoN ibnHW) Aqy qwp dIAW
kucwlk huMdIAW hn[
7. DwqW kutIxXog Aqy iKcIxXog huMdIAW hn[ 7. ADwqW kutIxXog Aqy iKcIxXog nhIN huMdIAW hn[
pRSn-15 ie`k ivAkqI suinAwr bx ky Gr-Gr jWdw hY[ aus ny purwxy Aqy cmk rihq gihixAW nUM
cmkwaux dw vcn id`qw[ie`k swdw iesqrI ny sony dIAW cUVIAW dw joVw aus ivAkqI nUM id`qw jo aus ny ie`k
ivSyS GoL iv`c fubo id`qw[ aus ivAkqI auh ivSyS GoL iv`c fobIAW cUVIAW nvINAW vWg cmkx l`gIAW pr
auhnW dw Bwr kwPI Gt igAw sI[ iesqrI bhuq duKI hoeI[ivAkqI nwl by-nqIjw bihs hoeI pr ivAkqI
CyqI hI iKsk igAw[ kI qusIN ie`k jsUs bx ky GoL dI pRikrqI bwry pqw kr skdy ho?
aùqr- ivAkqI v`loN vriqAw GoL AYkvw rIjIAw (Aqua Regia) hY[ieh gwVHy hweIfrokloirk qyzwb Aqy gwVHy
nweIitRk qyzwb dw 3:1 Anupwq iv`c imSrn huMdw hY[ieh sony vrgIAW AikirAwSIl DwqW nUM vI Awpxy iv`c ôr
lYNdw hY[ ies leI sony dy gihixAW dI auprlI prq AYkvw rIjIAw iv`c Gulx krky gihixAW dw Bwr Gt igAw[
pRSn 16- kwrn d`so ik ikauN grm pwxI dy tYNk kwpr dy bxwey jWdy hn stIl dy nhIN (jo Awiern dI
imSrq Dwq hY)?
aùqr- ikauNik kwpr grm pwxI (Bw&) jW TMfy pwxI nwl ikirAw nhIN krdw pr Awiern Bw& nwl ikirAw krky
Kurn l`gdw hY[
AiDAwie-7 kwbU Aqy qwlmyl

AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn
pRSn 1- pRiqvrqI ikirAw Aqy qurn iv`c kI AMqr hY?
aùqr- pRiqvrqI ikirAw iksy bwhrI Gtnw dy pRqI hox vwlI bhuq hI qyz ikirAw hY, jo suKmnw nwVI nwl
kMtrol kIqI jWdI hY[ pr qurn iv`c swfy idmwg nwl socxw Aqy swfI ie`Cw Swiml hY[
pRSn 2- do inaUrwnW ivckwr sweInYps qy kI huMdw hY?
au~qr- do inaUrwnW dy ivckwrly KwlI sQwn nUM sweInYps kihMdy hn[sweInYps iv`c ibjleI sMkyq rswieixk
sMkyqW iv`c bdlky ie`k inaUrwn qoN dUjy inaUrwn q`k phuMcdy hn[
pRSn 3- idmwg dw ikhVw Bwg srIr dI siQqI Aqy sMquln nUM bxweI r`Kdw hY?
aùqr- sYrIbYlm[
pRSn 4- AsIN Agrb`qI dI gMD dw pqw ikvyN krdy hW?
aùqr- jdoN Agrb`qI dI gMD n`k gRwhI q`k phuMcdI hY qW ieh ibjleI sMkyqW iv`c bdl ky Agly idmwg q`k
phuMcw id`qI jWdI hY[ Aglw idmwg Agrb`qI dI gMD dI pihlW qoN mOjUd jwxkwrI Anuswr gMD bwry mihsUs
krvwauNdw hY[
pRSn 5- pRiqvrqI ikirAw iv`c idmwg dI kI BUimkw hY?
aùqr-pRiqvrqI ikirAw iv`c idmwg dI koeI is`DI BUimkw nhIN hY, ieh pRiqikirAw suKmnw nwVI rwhIN kMtrol kIqI
jWdI hY[ idmwg q`k iesdI isr& sUcnw phuMcdI hY[
pRSn 6- pOdw hwrmon kI hn?
aùqr- pOidAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl bxwaux leI pYdw huMdy rswiexW nUM pOdw hwrmon kihMdy hn[ ieh pOidAW iv`c
vwDy Aqy hor pRiqikirAwvW nUM kMtrol krdy hn[ pOdw hwrmon dIAW audwhrxW- Aw`kisn (krUMblW dy vwDy leI
ijMmyvwr), ij`bryiln (qxy dy vwDy leI ijMmyvwr), sweItokwieinn (sỲl ivBwjn nUM pyRirq krn vwlw), AYbisisk
qyzwb (vwDw rokx vwlw) Awid[
pRSn 7- CUeI mUeI pOdy dIAW p`qIAW dI gqI, pRkwS v`l krUMblW dI gqI qoN ikvyN iBMn hY?
aùqr- pRkwS v`l krUMblW dI gqI iv`c vwDw Swiml hY jo auqyjnw dI idSw au`qy inrBr krdI hY[ pr CUeI mUeI pOdy
dy pìqAW dI gqI isr& Anuvrqn ikirAw hY jo auqyjnw dI idSw aùqy inrBr nhIN krdI[
pRSn 8:- ie`k pOdw hwrmon dw audwhrn idE jo vwDy leI auqyijq krdw hY[
aùqr- Awkisn[
pRSn 9- iksy shwry dy cOhW pwisAW v`l qMdVIAW dy vwDy iv`c Aw`kisn ikvyN shwieqw krdw hY?
aùqr- jdoN vwDw krdy pOdy nUM pRkwS imldw hY qd Awkisn hwrmon krUMblW dy isirAW iv`c bxdw hY Aqy sYlW nUM
lMbweI iv`c vwDw krn iv`c shwiek huMdw hY[jdoN pOdy aùqy ie`k idSw qoN pRkwS Aw irhw huMdw hY qW Awkisn
psirq ho ky CW vwly Bwg iv`c Aw jWdw hY[ ies nwl pOdw pRkwS v`l muVdw ivKweI idMdw hY[
pRSn-10- jl Anuvrqn drswaux leI ie`k pRXog sỲt kro[
aùqr- ic`qr iv`c ivKwey Anuswr ie`k (mtr) Cotw pOdw im`tI iv`c lgwE[ pOdy qoN ault pwsy im`tI iv`c ie`k
pwxI nwl BirAw muswmdwr GVw iP`t kro[kùJ idnW bwAd im`tI htwaux ‘qy AsIN vyKdy hW ik pOdy dIAW jVHW
aus pwsy v`l vwDw krdIAW hn, ijs pwsy qoN pwxI Aw irhw sI[ pOdy dI ies pRiqikirAw nUM jl Anuvrqn
kihMdy hn[
pRSn 11- jMqUAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl ikvyN huMdw hY?

aùqr- jMqUAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl hwrmonW dI mdd nwl huMdw hY[ hwrmon AMdr-irswvI gRMQIAW duAwrw pYdw
huMdy hn[ hwrmon lhU rwhIN v`K-v`K BwgW q`k phuMc ky srIr dw vwDw Aqy hor qwlmyl krn iv`c mdd krdy
hn[
pRSn 12- AwieEfIn Xukq lUx dy aupXog dI slwh ikauN id`qI jWdI hY?
aùqr- AwieEfIn swfy gly iv`c mOjUd Qwierwief gRMQI nUM Qwierwkisn hwrmon pYdw krn iv`c mdd krdI
hY[ieh hwrmon kwrbohweIfRyts, crbI Aqy pRotIn dI Fwh auswr ikirAw dw inXMqrn krdw hY[ AwieEfIn dI
kmI kwrn ig`lV nwm dw rog ho jWdw hY, ijs iv`c grdn Pùl jWdI hY[ies leI Bojn iv`c AwieEfIn Xukq
lUx hoxw jrUrI hY[
pRSn 13- jdoN AYfrInwiln dw lhU iv`c irswE huMdw hY qW swfy srIr iv`c kI pRiqikirAw huMdI hY?
aùqr- AYfrInwiln lhU rwhIN srIr dy v`K-v`K BwgW q`k phuMcdw hY Aqy ivSyS itSUAW aùqy kwrj krdw hY[
ies nwl idl dI DVkx qyz ho jWdI hY qW jo swfIAW pySIAW leI loVINdI vDyry AwksIjn dI mwqrw pUrI ho
sky[pwcn pRxwlI Aqy cmVI nUM lhU dI splweI G`t ho jWdI hY[ iehnW pRiqikirAwvW iml ky jMqU srIr nUM
siQqI nwl inptx leI iqAwr krdIAW hn[
pRSn 14- S`kr rog dy kùJ rogIAW dw ielwj ieMsUiln dw ieMjYkSn lgw ky ikauN kIqw jWdw hY?
aùqr- ieMsUiln hwrmon lùby iv`c pYdw huMdw hY jo lhU iv`c S`kr (KMf) dy p`Dr nUM kwbU krdw hY[ S`kr rog dy
rogIAW iv`c ieMsUiln hwrmon G`t pYdw huMdw hY ijs nwl lhU iv`c S`kr dw p`Dr vD jWdw hY Aqy keI hwnIkwrk
pRBwvW dw kwrn bxdw hY[ ies leI lhU iv`c S`kr dy p`Dr nUM kMtrol krn leI ieMsUiln dw ieMjYkSn
lgwieAw jWdw hY[
pRSn 1- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw pOdw hwrmon hY?
(a) ieMsUiln (b) Qwierwkisn
(c) eIstrojn (d) sweItokwieinn ✓

pRSn 2- do nwVI sY`lW ivckwrlI KwlI QW nUM kI kihMdy hn-
(a) fYNfrweIt (b) sweInYps ✓

(c) AYksw`n (d) Awvyg
pRSn 3- idmwg au`qrdweI hY:
(a) socx leI (b) idl dI DVkx nUM ie`kswr r`Kx leI
(c) srIr dw sMquln kwiem r`Kx leI (d) aùkq swry ✓

pRSn 4- swfy srIr iv`c gRwhI dw kI kMm hY? AijhI siQqI qy ivcwr kro ij`Qy gRwhI auìcq pRkwr nwl kwrj
nhIN krdI[ ies nwl kI smìsAwvW auqpMn ho skdIAW hn?
aùqr- gRwhI sMvydI sUcnwvW nUM bwhr qoN pRwpq krdy hn Aqy nwVI sỲlW rwhIN suKmnw nwVI q`k phuMcwauNdy hn[ jykr
gRwhI nSt ho jwx jW nw hox qW AsIN bwhrI vwqwvrn qoN sMvydI sUcnwvW pRwpq nhIN kr skWgy[ ies leI AsIN
aùicq pRiqikirAw vI nhIN kr skWgy[ audwhrn vjoN gRwhI qoN ibnHW AsIN iksy grm vsqU nUM CUhx qy Awpxw h`Q
ip`Cy nhIN iK`c pwvWgy Aqy swfw h`Q sVH jwvygw[
pRSn 5- ie`k inaUrwn dI rcnw drswE Aqy ausdy kwrj dw vrxn kro[
aùqr- inaUrwn nwVI pRxwlI dI rcnwqmk Aqy kwrjwqmk iekweI hY[ inaUrwn dy mu`K iqMn Bwg hn: fYNfrweIt,
sỲl bwfI Aqy AYksw`n[
(1) fYNfrweIt- ieh iksy dUjy inaUrwn dy AYksw`n qoN sMkyq lY ky sY`l bwfI v`l Byjdy hn[
(2) sỲl bwfI- ies iv`c sỲl dw kyNdrk, mweItokWfRIAw Aqy hor in`kVy AMg huMdy hn, ieh mu`K rUp iv`c
nwVI sY`l jW inaUrwn dy r`K-rKwE Aqy vwDy dw kMm krdw hY[
(3) AYksw`n- ieh sY`l bwfI qoN sMkyqW nUM A`gy v`l lY ky jWdw hY[
pRSn 6- pOidAW iv`c pRkwS Anuvrqn iks pRkwr huMdw hY?

aùqr- krUMblW dy pRkwS v`l vwDw Aqy jVHW dy pRkwS qoN ault idSw v`l vwDw krn nUM pRkwS Anuvrqn kihMdy
hn[pOidAW iv`c ieh vwDw Awkisn hwrmon dI mOjUdgI krky huMdw hY[ Awkisn hwrmon CW vwly pwsy iek`Tw ho ky
krUblW nUM pRkwS v`l vDx iv`c mdd krdw hY[
pRSn 7- suKmnw nwVI ‘qy s`t l`gx nwl ikhVy sMkyqW iv`c rukwvt AwvygI?
aùqr- suKmnw nwVI ‘qy s`t l`gx kwrn gRwhI Aqy nwVI sY`lW qoN Awaux vwly sMkyqW iv`c rukwvt AwvygI[
pRSn 8- pOidAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl iks qrHW huMdw hY?
aùqr- pOidAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl bxwaux leI pYdw huMdy rswiexW nUM pOdw hwrmon kihMdy hn[ ieh pOidAW iv`c
vwDy Aqy hor pRiqikirAwvW nUM kMtrol krdy hn[ pOdw hwrmon dIAW audwhrxW- Aw`kisn (krUMblW dy vwDy leI
ijMmyvwr), ij`bryiln (qxy dy vwDy leI ijMmyvwr), sweItokwieinn (sỲl ivBwjn nUM pyRirq krn vwlw), AYbisisk
qyzwb (vwDw rokx vwlw) Awid[
pRSn 9-ie`k jIv iv`c kwbU Aqy qwlmyl pRxwlI dI ikauN loV hY?
aùqr- srIr iv`c bhuq swry AMg hn[ swry AMgW dw ie`k dUjy nwl qwlmyl bxw ky c`lxw bhuq jrUrI hY[ies
leI swfy idn Br dy swry PYsly Aqy hor ieìCq Aqy Axie`Cq ikirAwvW kyNdrI nwVI pRxwlI rwhIN kMtrol
kIqIAW jWdIAW hn[
pRSn 10- Axie`Cq ikirAwvW Aqy pRiqvrqI ikirAwvW ie`k dUjy qoN iks pRkwr iBMn hn?
aùqr- Axie`Cq ikirAwvW iv`c pySIAW dI gqI Swiml hY jo ibnHw swfy socx qoN huMdIAW hn Aqy kMtrol idmwg
duAwrw kIqIAW jWdIAW hn, ijvyN idl dI DVkn[pr pRiqvrqI ikirAw iksy bwhrI ikirAw dy pRqI qyzI nwl hox
vwlI pRiqikirAw hY, jo suKmnw nwVI rwhIN kMtrol kIqI jWdI hY[ ijvyN iksy grm vsqU nUM CUh lYx qy swfy h`Q dw
ip`Cy v`l nUM iK`cy jwxw[
pRSn 11- jMqUAW iv`c kwbU Aqy qwlmyl dy leI nwVI Aqy hwrmon ikirAw ivDIAW dI qulnw Aqy twkrw kro[
aùqr-
nwVI pRxwlI hwrmon ivDI
1 ies iv`c sMkyq ibjlI sMkyqW dy rUp iv`c jWdy 1 ies iv`c sMkq
y rswiexW dy rUp iv`c jWdy hn[
hn[
2 ies iv`c sMkyqW dw pRBwv jldI SurU ho jWdw hY[ 2 ies iv`c sMkyqW dw pRBwv hOlI-hOlI huMdw hY[
3 nwVI pRxwlI dy sMkyq iksy Kws kMm krn leI 3 hryk hwrmon dw Awpxw Kws kMm huMdw hY[
nhIN huMdy[
4 ies iv`c sMkyq bhuq qyzI nwl phucM dy hn[ 4 ies iv`c sMkyq hOlI-hOlI phuMcdy hn[
pRSn 12- CUeI-mUeI pOdy iv`c gqI Aqy swfI l`q dI gqI dy qrIikAW iv`c kI AMqr hY?
aùqr-
CUeI-mUeI pOdy iv`c gqI swfI l`q dI gqI

1 CUeI- mUeI pOdy dy pìqAW dI CUhx qy hox vwlI 1 swfI l`q dI gqI ie`k ie`Cq ikirAw hY[
gqI Axie`Cq ikirAw hY[
2 sUcnw iljwx leI koeI Kws itSU nhIN huMdw[ 2 sUcnw iljwx leI pUrI nwVI pRxwlI huMdI hY[
3 pOdw sỲlW iv`c gqI leI koeI Kws iksm dI 3 jMqU sYlW iv`c ie`k Kws iksm dI pRotIn huMdI hY,
pRotIn nhIN huMdI[ jo pySIAW dy sMugVn iv`c mdd krdI hY[
AiDAwie-12 ibjlI
ku`J mh`qvpUrn PwrmUly
(1) ibjleI Dwrw jW krMt (I) = cwrj/smW = ; ibjleI Dwrw dI iekweI- AYmpIAr (A)
(2) = ; ieQy: n=ielỲktrwnW dI sMiKAw ; e = ie`k ielỲktrwn dw cwrj = 1.6 x 10-19 C (kUlm)
(3) ibjleI putYNSl (V)= kwrj/cwrj = ;ibjleI putYNSl dI iekweI-volt (V)
(4) Ehm dw inXm: V = IR ; R = pRiqroD ; pRiqroD dI iekweI – Ehm (Ω)
(5) = ; ρ = pRiqroDkqw, L=cwlk dI lMbweI, A= pirKyqr kwt dw KyqrPl ; pRiqroDkqw dI
iekweI – Ehm mItr (Ωm)
(6) lVI sMXojn leI qùl pRiqroD : R = R1 + R2 + R3 (swry pRiqroDkW iv`c ibjleI Dwrw smwn
rihMdI hY)
(7) smwnWqr sMXojn leI qùl pRiqroD: = + + (swry pRiqroDkW dw ibjleI putYNSl
smwn rihMdw hY)
(8) ibjleI aUrjw (qwp aUrjw)(kwrj) = W = I2Rt = VIt = V2t/R = qV ; aUrjw Aqy kwrj dI SI
iekweI - jUl (J), ibjlI aUrjw dI GrylU iekweI – iklovwt GMtw (kWh) (Awm qOr qy
XUint kihMdy hn) : 1 kWh = 3.6 x 106 J.
(9) ibjleI SkqI (P)= kwrj/smW = ; SkqI dI SI iekweI- vwt (W): hor kw&I vrqI jwx
vwlI SkqI dI iekweI – hwrs pwvr (hp), 1 hp = 746 W.

(10) GrylU ibjlI dI Kpq dw ib`l pqw krn leI : ib`l dI rkm = SkqI (kW) x smW (h) x
ie`ko ijMnI SkqI dy XMqrW dI sMiKAw x idnW dI sMiKAw x XUint dw ryt
AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn

pRSn 1- ibjlI srkt dw kI Bwv hY?
aùqr- ibjlI XMqrW nwl bixAw bMd rwsqw ijs rwhIN ibjleI Dwrw (krMt) lMGdI hY, aus nUM ibjlI srkt
kihMdy hn[
pRSn 2- ibjleI Dwrw dI iekweI dI pirBwSw idE[
au~qr- ibjleI Dwrw jW krMt dI iekweI AỲmpIAr (A) hY[jykr iksy cwlk iv`coN 1 cUlm cwrj 1 sYikMf iv`c
vgdw hY qW aus iv`co lMG rhy krMt nUM 1 AỲmpIAr kihMdy hn[
pRSn 3- ie`k kUlm cwrj dI rcnw krn vwly ielỲktrwnW dI sMiKAw dI gxnw kro[
aùqr- cwrj = q = 1 C
ielỲktrwnW dI sMiKAw = n = ?
ie`k ielỲktrwn dw cwrj = e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
AsIN jwxdy hW ik, q = ne
ies leI , = = 1 / 1.6 x 10-19 = 6.25 x 1018 ielỲktrwn[

pRSn 4- aus XukqI dw nW ilKo jo iksy cwlk dy isirAW aùqy putYNSl AMqr r`Kx iv`c shwieqw krdI hY[
aùqr- bYtrI Aqy sỲl[
pRSn 5- ieh kihx dw kI Bwv hY ik do ibMdUAW ivckwr putYNSl AMqr 1 V hY?
aùqr- jdoN ie`k ibMdU qoN dUjy ibMdU q`k 1 kUlm (C) cwrj iljwx leI 1 jUl (J) kwrj huMdw hY qW auhnW ibMdUAW
ivckwr putYNSl AMqr 1 volt (V) hY[
pRSn 6- 6V (volt) bYtrI iv`coN lMGx vwly hr ie`k kUlm cwrj nUM ikMnI aUrjw id`qI jWdI hY?
putYNSl AMqr = V = 6 V
aUrjw = W = ?
hux, = , ies leI , W = Vq = 6 x 1 = 6 J (jUl)
pRSn 7- iksy cwlk dw pRiqroD ikhVy kwrkW auỳqy inrBr krdw hY?
aùqr- iksy cwlk dw pRiqroD cwlk dI lMbweI, pirKyqr dI kwt dy KyqrPl, qwpmwn Aqy cwlk dy pdwrQ dI
pRikrqI ‘qy inrBr krdw hY[
(1) pRiqroD cwlk dI lMbweI dy is`Dw AnupwqI huMdw hY[
(2) pRiqroD cwlk dy pirKyqr dI kwt dy KyqrPl dy ault AnupwqI huMdw hY[
pRSn 8- smwn pdwrQ dIAW do qwrW iv`c jykr ie`k pqlI Aqy dUjI motI hovy qW iehnW iv`coN iks iv`c
ibjlI dI Dwrw AwswnI nwl pRvwihq hovygI jdoN iehnW nUM smwn ibjleI sroq nwl joiVAw jWdw hY?
ikauN?
aùqr-motI qwr iv`coN ibjleI Dwrw (krMt) AwswnI nwl pRvwihq hovygI[ikauN pRqiroD cwlk dy pirKyqrPl dy
ault AnupwqI huMdw hY[ ies leI motI qwr dw pRiqroD G`t hY[
pRSn 9- mMn lE iksy ibjleI pdwrQ dy Gtk dy do isirAW iv`c putYNSl AMqr nUM ausdy pihly putYNSl
AMqr dI qulnw iv`c Gtw ky A`Dw kr dyx qy vI ausdw pRiqroD insicq rihMdw hY[ qW aus pdwrQ iv`c
pRvwihq hox vwlI ibjleI Dwrw iv`c kI pirvrqn hovygw?
aùqr- Ehm dy inXm (V=IR) Anuswr iksy cwlk iv`coN vg rhI ibjleI Dwrw (krMt), cwlk dy isirAW
ivckwr putYNSl AMqr dy is`Dw AnupwqI huMdI hY jykr pRiqroD siQr rihMdw hY[ ies leI putYNSl AMqr A`Dw
krn qy ibjleI Dwrw vI A`DI ( ) ho jwvygI[
pRSn 10- ibjleI tostrW Aqy ibjleI pRYsW dy iPlwmYNt SùD DwqU dy nw bxw ky imSrq Dwq dy ikauN
bxwey jWdy hn?
aùqr- ikauNik imSrq DwqW dI pRiqroDkqw Aqy ipGlwE drjy SùD DwqW nwloN kw&I v`D huMdy hn[ies leI
imSrq DwqW dy iPlwmYNt v`D qwp pYdw krdy hn Aqy grm ho ky ipGldy nhIN[
pRSn 11- hyT ilKy pRSnW dy aùqr swrnI 12.2 iv`c id`qy AMkiVAW dy AwDwr qy idE:
(a) Awiern (Fe) Aqy mrkrI (Hg) iv`coN ikhVw cMgw cwlk hY?
(A) ikhVw pdwrQ sB qoN vDIAw cwlk hY?
aùqr- (a) Awiern jW lohw[

(A) islvr jW cWdI[
pRSn 12- iksy ibjleI srkt dw Xojnwb`D ic`qr ijs iv`c 2 V dy iqMn sỲlW dI bYtrI, ie`k 5 Ω
pRiqroDk, ie`k 8 Ω pRiqroDk, ie`k 12 Ω pRiqroDk Aqy ie`k pl`g kuMjI swry lVI iv`c sMXoijq hox[
aùqr-
pRSn 13- pRSn 12 dw srkt dubwrw iK`co Aqy ies iv`c pRiqroDkW qoN pRvwihq ibjleI Dwrw nUM mwpx
leI AYmmItr Aqy 12 Ω dy pRiqroDk dy isirAW iv`c putYNSl AMqr mwpx leI voltmItr lgwE[
AYmmItr Aqy voltmItr dy kI mwn hoxgy?
aùqr –
R1 = 5 Ω, R2 = 8 Ω, R3 = 12 Ω
lVI iv`c joVy gey pRiqroDW dw qul pRiqroD
R = R1 + R2 + R3 = 5 + 8 + 12 = 25 Ω
hux AYmmItr dw mwn = I = = = 0.24 A
hux 12Ω pRiqroD leI voltmItr dw mwn = V = IR = 0.24 x 12 = 2.88 V.

pRSn 14- jdoN (a) 1 Ω Aqy 106 Ω, (A) 1 Ω, 103 Ω, Aqy 106 Ω dy pRiqroDW nUM smwnWqr iv`c joiVAw
jWdw hY qW iehnW dy qu`l pRiqroD dy sMbMD iv`c qusIN kI inrxw krogy?
aùqr – (a) jdoN 1 Ω Aqy 106 Ω dy pRiqroDW nUM smnWqr joiVAw jWdw hY qW qùl pRiqroD:
(A) jdoN 1 Ω, 103 Ω, Aqy 106 Ω dy pRiqroDW nUM smnWqr joiVAw jWdw hY qW qùl pRiqroD:
ies leI, R = = 0.99 Ω
pRSn 15- 100 Ω dw ie`k ibjleI blb, 50 Ω dw ie`k tostr, 500 Ω dw ie`k pwxI iPltr 220 V dy
ibjleI sroq nwl smnWqr iv`c joVy gey hn[ aus ibjleI pRYs dw pRiqroD kI hY ijs nUM jykr smwn
sroq dy nwl joV dyeIey auh aùnI hI ibjleI Dwrw lYNdI hY ijMnI iqMno XukqIAW lYNdIAW hn[ ieh vI
igAwq kro ik ieh ibjleI pRYs qoN ikMnI ibjleI Dwrw pRvwihq huMdI hY?
aùqr- id`qy gey XMqrW dw ibjleI srkt hyT ilKy Anuswr bxygw[
srkt dw qùl pRiqroD:
= + + = =
Ehm inXm Anuswr, srkt iv`coN vg rhI ibjleI Dwrw = = = = = 7.04
ies leI, pRSn Anuswr ibjleI pRYs dI ibjleI Dwrw = 7.04 A
hux ibjleI pRYs dw pRqiroD = = = = .

.
pRSn 16- lVI iv`c joVn dI QW, ibjleI XMqrW nUM smwnWqr iv`c joVn dy kI lwB hn?
aùqr- (1) smwnWqr joVn nwl srkt dw kùl pRiqroD G`t ho jWdw hY[
(2) smwnWqr srkt iv`c swry XMqr ie`ko ijhI voltyz qy c`l skdy hn[
(3) smwnWqr srkt iv`c koeI ie`k XMqr Krwb hox dw bwkI XMqrW au`qy koeI pRBwv nhIN pYNdw[ pr
lVI iv`c joVy XMqrW iv`coN ie`k vI XMqr Krwb hox qy swry XMqr bMd ho jWdy hn[
pRSn 17- 2 Ω, 3 Ω, Aqy 6 Ω dy iqMn pRiqroDkW nuM iks pRkwr joiVAw jwvy ik kùl pRiqroD: (a) 4 Ω,
(b) 1 Ω hovy[
aùqr- (a) 4 Ω pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI pRiqroDW nUM hyT ilKy Anuswr joiVAw jwvy[
srkt Anuswr 3 Ω Aqy 6 Ω pRiqroD smwnWqr juVy hoey hn ies leI iehnW dw qu`l pRiqroD
= + = = = ; ies leI R= 2 Ω
hux ieh 2 Ω qu`l pRiqroD 2 Ω nwl lVI iv`c hY ies leI srkt dw kùl pRiqroD = Req= 2 Ω +2 Ω = 4 Ω
(b) 1Ω pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI srkt hyT ilKy Anuswr bxwieAw jwvy[
hux swry pRiqroD smWqr joVy gey hn, ies leI qùl pRiqroD: = + + = = =1
pRSn 18- 4 Ω, 8 Ω, 12 Ω Aqy 24 Ω pRiqroD dIAW cwr kuMflIAW nUM joVn qy (a) AiDkqm Aqy (A)
inaUnqm ikMnHw pRiqroD pRwpq kIqw jw skdw hY?
aùqr- (a) AiDkqm pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI AsIN swry pRiqroDW nUM lVI iv`c joVWgy, qùl pRiqroD:
R = 4 Ω + 8 Ω + 12 Ω + 24 Ω = 48 Ω.
(A) inaUnqm pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI AsIN swry pRiqroDW nUM smwnWqr joVWgy, qùl pRiqroD:
= + + + = = = ; ies leI, R = 2 Ω.
pRSn 19- ibjlI lMGwaux nwl iksy ibjleI hItr dI forI ikauN nhIN cmkdI jdoN ik ausdI kuMflI
cmkdI hY?
aùqr- ikauNik ibjleI hItr dI kuMflI imSrq Dwq (nweIkRom) dI bxI huMdI hY, ijsdI pRiqroDkqw kw&I
ijAwdw hox krky ieh bhuq ijAwdw qwp pYdw krdI hY Aqy cmkdI hY[ pr iesdy ault hItr dI forI (qwr)
kwpr jW AYlUmInIAm dI bxI huMdI hY, ijsdI pRiqroDkqw kw&I G`t hox krky ieh nhIN cmkdI[
pRSn 20- ie`k GMty iv`c 50 W dy putYNSl AMqr qy 96000 kUlm cwrj Byjx nwl auqpMn huMdy qwp dI
gxnw kro[
smW = t = 1 hour = 3600 sYikMf
pYdw hoeI qwp aUrjw = W = q x V = 96000 x 50 = 4800000 = 4.8 x 106 J (jUl)
pRSn 21- 20Ω dI koeI ibjleI pRYs 5 A ibjleI Dwrw lYNdI hY[ 30 sYikMf iv`c auqpMn qwp dI gxnw
kro[
aùqr- pRiqroD = R = 20 Ω,
ibjleI Dwrw (krMt) = I = 5 A,
smW = t = 30 sec
qwp aUrjw = W = I2Rt = (5)2 x 20 x 30 = 25 x 600 = 15000 jUl[
pRSn 22- ibjleI Dwrw duAwrw id`qI aUrjw dI dr dw inrDwrn ikvyN kIqw jWdw hY?
aùqr- ibjleI SkqI nwl[
pRSn 23- ie`k ibjleI motr 220 V dy ibjleI sroq qoN 5.0 A ibjleI Dwrw lYNdw hY[ motr dI SkqI
inrDwirq kro Aqy 2 GMty iv`c mItr duAwrw Kpq aUrjw dI gxnw kro[
aùqr- ibjleI Dwrw = I = 5 A,
putYNSl AMqr = V = 220 V,
smW = t = 2 h (GMty)
SkqI = P = VI = 5 x 220 = 1100 W (watt) = 1.1kW
mItr duAwrw Kpq aUrjw = W = P x t = 1.1 x 2 kWh = 2.2 kWh
pRSn 1- pRiqroD R dy iksy qwr dy tukVy nUM pMj brwbr BwgW iv`c kìtAw igAw hY[ iehnW tukiVAW nUM iPr
smwnWqr iv`c joiVAw igAw hY[jykr sMXog dw qul pRiqroD R’ hY qW R/R’ Anupwq dw mwn kI hY:-
(a) 1/25 (b) 1/5 (c) 5 (d) 25 ✓

pRSn 2- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw pd ibjleI srkt iv`c ibjleI SkqI nUM nhIN drswauNdw?
(a) I2R (b) IR2 ✓ (c) VI (d) V2/R
pRSn 3- iksy ibjleI blb aùqy 220 V Aqy 100 W AMikq hY[ jdoN iesnUM 110 V aùqy cwlU krdy hn qW
ies duAwrw vrqI SkqI hovygI:
(a) 100 W (b) 75 W (c) 50 W (d) 25 W ✓
pRSn 4- do cwlk qwrW ijMnHW dy pdwrQ, lMbweI Aqy ivAws brwbr hn iksy ibjleI srkt iv`c ijs dy
isirAW qy putYNSl AMqr auhI hovy, pihlW lVI iv`c Aqy iPr smwnWqr iv`c joVIAW geIAW[ lVI Aqy
smwnWqr sMXog iv`c auqpMn qwp dw Anupwq hovygw:
(a) 1:2 (b) 2:1 (c) 1:4 ✓ (d) 4:1
pRSn 5- iksy ibjlI srkt iv`c do ibMdUAW dy iv`c putYNSl AMqr mwpx leI voltmItr nUM iks pRkwr
joiVAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- smwnWqr[
pRSn 6- ie`k qWby dI qwr dw ivAws 0.5 mm Aqy pRiqroDkqw 1.6 × 10 Ω m hY[ 10 Ω pRiqroD dw
-8
pRiqroDk bxwaux dy leI ikMnI lMbI qwr dI jrUrq hovygI? jykr ies qoN dùgxy ivAws dI qwr leI jwvy qW
pRiqroD iv`c kI AMqr Awvygw?
aùqr- ivAws = 0.5 mm = 0.5 x 10-3 m = 5 x 10-4 m
ArD ivAws = r = x 10-4 = 2.5 x 10-4 m
pirkwt dw KyqrPl = A = πr2 = 3.14 x (2.5 x 10-4)2 = 3.14 x 6.25 x 10-8 = 19.6 x 10-8 m2
pRiqroDkqw = ρ = 1.6 x 10-8 Ωm
pRiqroD = R = 10 Ω
lMbweI = L = ?
hux, R=
L= = (10 x 19.6 x 10-8)/ 1.6 x 10-8 = 122.5 m.
jykr ivAws dùgxw kr id`qw jwvy qW KyqrPl 4 guxw ho jwvygw Aqy pRiqroD pihly pRiqroD dw 1/4th guxw ho
jwvygw, ies leI nvW pRiqroD = = = 2.5 Ω.
pRSn 7- iksy pRiqrDk dy isirAW qy putYNSl AMqr V dy iBMn mwnW dy leI aus qoN pRBwivq ibjleI DwrwvW
I dy sMgq mwn A`gy id`qy gey hn:
I (AYmpIAr) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
V (volt) 1.6 3.4 6.7 10.2 13.2
V Aqy I dy iv`c gRwP iK`c ky ies pRiqroDk dw pRiqroD igAwq kro[
aùqr-
V-I grwP dI Flwx (Slope) qoN AsIN pRqIroDk dw pRqIroD pqw kr skdy hW,
Flwx (Slope) = = = =
. .
ies leI, R = 3.4 Ω.

pRSn 8- iksy AigAwq pRiqroDk dy isirAW qy 12 V dI bYtrI joVn qy srkt iv`c 2.5 mA ibjleI Dwrw
pRvwihq huMdI hY[ pRiqroDk dy pRiqroD dI gxnw kro[
aùqr- putYNSl AMqr = V = 12 V
ibjleI Dwrw = I = 2.5 mA = 2.5 x 10-3 A
pRiqroD = R = = 12/ 2.5 x 10-3 =4.8 x 103 Ω = 4800 Ω.
pRSn 9- 9 V dI bYtrI nUM 0.2 Ω, 0.3 Ω, 0.4 Ω, 0.5 Ω Aqy 12 Ω pRiqroDkW nwl lVI iv`c joiVAw igAw hY[
12 Ω dy pRiqroDk iv`c ikMnI ibjleI Dwrw pRvwihq hovygI?
R1 =0.2 Ω , R2 = 0.3 Ω , R3 = 0.4 Ω, R4 = 0.5 Ω, R5 = 12 Ω
12Ω pRiqroDk iv`c ibjleI Dwrw = I5 = ?
lVI sMXojn leI qùl pRiqroD = R = 0.2 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 12 = 13.4 Ω
12Ω pRiqroDk iv`c ibjleI Dwrw = kùl krMt = = = 0.67 A.

.
pRSn 10- 176 Ω pRiqroD dy ikMny pRiqroDkW nUM smwnWqr iv`c joiVAw jwvy qW ik 220 V dy ibjleI sroq qoN
5 A ibjleI Dwrw pRvwihq hovy[
aùqr- ibjleI Dwrw = I = 5 A,
mMn lE 176 Ω dy pRiqroDk ‘n’ hn[
hux qu`l pRiqroD:
ies leI, R =
Ehm dy inXm Anuswr, V = IR, 220 = 5 x
ies leI, n = = = 4 pRiqroDk[
pRSn 11- ieh drswE ik qusIN 6 Ω pRiqroD dy iqMn pRiqroDkW nUM iks pRkwr joVogy ik sMXog dw pRiqroD (i) 9
Ω, (ii) 4 Ω hovy[
aùqr- (i) 9 Ω pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI AsIN id`qy gey pRqiroDkW nUM hyT ilKy Anuswr joVWgy:
smwnWqr sMXojn leI : = + = = ; r = 3 Ω,
kùl pRiqroD, R = 3 + 6 = 9 Ω
(ii) 4 Ω pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI AsIN id`qy gey pRqiroDkW nUM hyT ilKy Anuswr joVWgy:
lVI sMXojn leI : r = 6 + 6 = 12 Ω
kùl pRiqroD, = + = = = ; R=4Ω
pRSn 12- 220 V dI ibjleI lweIn aùqy aupXog kIqy jwx vwly bhuq swry blbW nUM 10 W AMikq kIqw igAw
hY[jykr 220 V lweIn iv`c Anumwnq AiDkqm ibjleI Dwrw 5 A hY, qd ies lweIn dIAW do qwrW iv`c
ikMny blb smwnWqr joVy jw skdy hn?
hr ie`k lYNp dI SkqI = P = 10 W
srkt iv`c AiDkqm ibjleI Dwrw = 5 A
hr blb dw pRiqroD = V2/P = (220)2/10 = 48400/10 = 4840 Ω
srkt dw qùl pRiqroD = R = = = 44 Ω
jykr 4840 Ω dy ‘n’ pRiqroD 44 Ω qùl pRiqroD pRwpq krn leI smwnWqr joVy jwx, qW
= ; ies leI, n = = 110 bulb.
pRSn 13- ie`k ibjleI B`TI dI qpq plyt dIAW pRiqroDk kuMflIAW A Aqy B dIAW bxIAW hoeIAW hn ijMn HW
iv`c hr ie`k dw pRiqroD 24 Ω hY, ienHW nUM v`K-v`K, lVI iv`c jW smwnWqr iv`c joV ky aupXog kIqw jw
skdw hY[jykr ieh B`TI 220 V ibjleI sroq nwl joVI jwvy qW iqMnW kysW iv`c pRvwihq ibjleI DwrwvW kI
hn?
aùqr- putYNSl AMqr= V = 220 V
A Aqy B kuMflI dw pRiqroD = R1 = R2 = R = 24 Ω
ibjleI Dwrw = I = ?
Case 1- kuMflIAW nUM v`K-v`K joVn qy:
ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 9.2 A
Case 2- kuMflIAW nUM lVI joVn qy:
kùl pRiqroD = R = 24 + 24 = 48 Ω
ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 4.6 A
Case 3- kuMflIAW nUM smwnWqr joVn qy:
kùl pRiqroD, = + = =
R = 12 Ω
ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 18.3 Ω
pRSn 14- hyT ilKy srktW iv`c hr ie`k iv`c 2 Ω dy pRiqroD duAwrw Kpq SkqIAW dI qulnw kro:
(i) 6 V dI bYtrI nwl lVI iv`c joVy gey 1 Ω Aqy 2 Ω dy pRiqroDk, (ii) 4 V dI bYtrI nwl smwnWqr joVy gey
2 Ω Aqy 12 Ω dy pRiqroDk[
aùqr- (i) putYNSl AMqr = V = 6 V
lVI sMXojn dw qùl pRiqroD = R = 1 + 2 = 3 Ω
2 Ω pRqiroD dI bjleI Dwrw = ku`l krMt = = =2A
2 Ω pRiqroD dI SkqI = P = I2R = (2)2 x 2 = 4 x 2 = 8 W.

(ii) putYNSl AMqr = V = 4 V
smwnWqr sMXojn leI swry pRiqroDkW dw putYNSl AMqr brwbr rihMdw hY, ies leI
2 Ω pRiqroD dI SkqI = V2/R = (4)2/2 = 16/2 = 8W.
ies leI dovW sMXojnW iv`c 2 Ω pRiqroDkW dI SkqI ie`ko ijhI 8 vwt hI hY[
pRSn 15- do ibjleI lYNp ijMnHW iv`coN ie`k qy 100W;220V AMikq hY Aqy dUjy qy 60W;220V hY[ibjleI mu`K
lweIn nwl smwnWqr iv`c joVy gey hn[jykr ibjlI dI pUrqI dI voltqw 220 V hY qW ibjlI dI mùK lweIn
qoN ikMnI Dwrw leI jWdI hY?
aùqr- pihly lYNp leI: SkqI = P = 100 W
ibjleI Dwrw = I1 = = = 0.45 A
dUjy lYNp leI: SkqI = P = 60 W

ibjleI Dwrw = I2 = = = 0.27 A
smwnWqr sMXojn dw ku`l krMt (ibjleI Dwrw) = I = I1 + I2 = 0.45 + 0.27 = 0.72 A
pRSn 16- iks iv`c vDyry ibjleI aUrjw vrqI jWdI hY: 250 W dw tI.vI. sỲt jo ie`k GMty q`k clwieAw
jWdw hY[ jW 1200 W dw tostr jo 10 imMt leI clwieAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- tI.vI. sY`t leI: SkqI = P = 250 W
smW = t = 1 GMtw = 3600 sec
ibjleI aUrjw = W = P x t = 250 x 3600 = 900000 J
tostr leI: SkqI = P = 1200 W
smW = t = 10 imMt = 600 sec
ibjleI aUrjw = W = P x t = 1200 x 600 = 720000 J
ies leI tI.vI. sỲt, tostr nwloN v`D ibjleI aUrjw vrqdw hY[
pRSn 17- 8 Ω pRiqroD dw ie`k ibjleI hItr ibjleI mùK lweIn qoN 2 GMty q`k 15 A ibjleI Dwrw lYNdw
hY[ hItr iv`c auqpMn qwp dI dr dI gxnw kro[
aùqr- pRiqroD = R = 8 Ω
ibjleI Dwrw = I = 15 A
smW = t = 2 GMty = 7200 sec
hItr iv`c qwp auqpMn hox dI dr = hItr dI SkqI = P = I2R = (15)2 x 8 = 225 x 8 = 1800 W
pRSn 18- hyT iliKAW dI ivAwiKAw kro:
(a) ibjlI lYNpW dy iPlwmYNt dy inrmwx iv`c ie`k mwqr tMgstn dw hI aupXog ikauN kIqw jWdw hY?
aùqr- ikauNik tMgstn dI pRiqroDkqw Aqy ipGlwE drjw kw&I v`D hn[
(A) ibjleI qwpn XMqrW ijvyN ik bRYf tostr Aqy ibjleI pRYs dy cwlk Su`D DwqUAW dy sQwn qy imSrq
DwqW dy ikauN bxwey jWdy hn?
aùqr- ikauNik imSrq DwqW dI pRiqroDkqw Aqy ipGlwE drjy SùD DwqW nwloN kw&I v`D huMdy hn[ies leI
imSrq DwqW dy iPlwmYNt v`D qwp pYdw krdy hn Aqy grm ho ky ipGldy nhIN[
(e) GrylU ibjleI srktW iv`c lVI sMXojn dw aupXog ikauN nhIN kIqw jWdw?
aùqr- (1) smwnWqr joVn nwl srkt dw kùl pRiqroD G`t ho jWdw hY[
(2) smwnWqr srkt iv`c swry XMqr ie`ko ijhI voltyz qy c`l skdy hn[
(3) smwnWqr srkt iv`c koeI ie`k XMqr Krwb hox dw bwkI XMqrW aùqy koeI pRBwv nhIN pYNdw[ pr
lVI iv`c joVy XMqrW iv`coN ie`k vI XMqr Krwb hox qy swry XMqr bMd ho jWdy hn[
(s)ie`k qwr dw pRiqroD ausdI pirKyqr kwt dy KyqrPl iv`c pirvrqn nwl iks pRkwr bdldw hY?
aùqr- qwr dw pRiqroD pirKyqr kwt dy KyqrPl dy ault AnupwqI huMdw hY[
(h) ibjlI sMcwrx dy leI kwpr Aqy AYlUmInIAm dIAW qwrW dw aupXog ikauN kIqw jWdw hY?
aùqr- ikauNik kwpr Aqy AYlUmInIAm dI pRiqroDkqw bhuq G`t hY[ ies leI ieh ibjlI dy bhuq cMgy
cwlk hn[ ies leI ibjlI sMcwrx leI qwrwW kwpr jW AYlUmInIAm dIAW bxweIAW jWdIAW hn[
AiDAwie-13 ibjleI Dwrw dy cuMbkI pRBwv

AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn
pRSn 1- cuMbk dy nyVy ilAwaux qy idSw sUck dI sUeI ivKyipq ikauN ho jWdI hY?
aùqr- idSw sUck jW kMpws dI sUeI cuMbk dI bxI huMdI hY[ ies leI cuMbk dy nyVy ilAwaux qy idSw sUck dI
sUeI aùqy bl l`gdw hY, ijs krky ieh ivKyipq ho jWdI hY[
pRSn 2- iksy CV cuMbk dy cwroN pwsy cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW iK`co[
au~qr-
pRSn 3- cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW dy guxW dI sUcI bxwE[

aùqr- (1) cuMbk dy bwhr cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW dI idSw aùqrI Druv qoN d`KxI Druv v`l huMdI hY[
(2) cuMbk dy AMdr cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW dI idSw d`KxI Druv qoN aùqrI Druv v`l huMdI hY[
(3) cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW dI Gxqw cuMbkI Kyqr dI pRblqw d`sdI hY[
(4) cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW ie`k dUjy nuM nhIN k`tdIAW[
pRSn 4- do cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW ie`k dUjy nuM ikauN nhIN k`tdIAW?
aùqr- jykr koeI do cuMbkI ryKwvW ie`k dUjy nMU k`txgIAW qW kwt ibMdU qy cuMbkI kMpws dI sUeI do idSwvW v`l
sMkyq krygI jo sMBv nhIN hY[ ies leI do cuMbkI Kyqr ryKwvW ie`k dujy nUM nhIN k`tdIAW[
pRSn 5- myz dy ql qy pey qwr dy golwkwr lUp qy ivcwr kro[ mMn lE ies lUp iv`c klwk vweIz ibjlI
Dwrw pRvwihq ho rhI hY[ s`jy h`Q AMgUTw inXm lwgU krky lUp dy AMdr Aqy bwhr cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw igAwq
kro[
aùqr- lUp dy AMdr- hyTW v`l ; Aqy lUp dy bwhr- aùpr v`l[
pRSn 6- iksy id`qy gey Kyqr iv`c cuMbkI Kyqr ie`k smwn hY[ ies nUM ivKwaux leI ryKw ic`qr iK`co[
aùqr-
pRSn 7- TIk ivklp cuxo:

iksy ibjleI Dwrw vwlI is`DI, lMbI solInwief dy AMdr cuMbkI Kyqr:
(a) zIro huMdw hY[
(A) iesdy isirAW v`l jwx nwl G`tdw hY[
(e) ies dy isry v`l jwx nwl v`Ddw hY[
(s) swry ibMdUAW aùqy brwbr huMdw hY[✓
pRSn 8- iksy pRotwn dw hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw gux iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c suqMqr gqI krdy smyN
pirvriqq ho jWdw hY? (ie`Qy ie`k qoN v`D aùqr ho skdy hn[)
(a) puMj, (A) cwl, (e) vyg ✓ (s) momYNtm (sMvyg) ✓
pRSn 9- ikirAw 13.7 iv`c quhwfy ivcwr iv`c CV AB dw ivsQwpn iks pRkwr pRBwivq hovygw jykr:
(a) CV AB iv`c pRvwihq ibjlI Dwrw iv`c vwDw ho jwvy[
(A) ie`k pRbl GoV-Kur cuMbk vriqAw jwvy[
(e) CV AB dI lMbweI iv`c vwDw kr id`qw jwvy[
aùqr- iqMnW hwlwqW iv`c CV dw ivsQwpn vD jwvygw[ ikauNik iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c r`Ky krMt vwhk cwlk qy
l`g irhw bl ibjlI Dwrw, cuMbk dI pRblqw Aqy cwlk dI lMbweI dy is`Dw AnupwqI huMdw hY[ { F = ILB}
pRSn 10- p`Cm dy v`l prKyipq koeI Dn cwrijq kx (AYlPw kx) iksy cuMbkI Kyqr duAwrw au`qr v`l
ivKyipq ho jWdw hY[ cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw hY:
(a) d`Kx v`l (A) pUrb v`l (e) hyTW v`l (s) au`pr v`l ✓
pRSn 11- PlyimMg dw K`bw h`Q inXm ilKo
aùqr- PlyimMg dy K`bw h`Q inXm Anuswr, Awpxy K`by h`Q dI pihlI auNgl, AMgUTy Aqy ivckwrlI auNglI nUM
ies pRkwr PYlwE ik ieh iqMnoN ie`k dUjy dy lMb rUp iv`c hox[ jykr pihlI auNglI cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw,
ivckwrlI auNglI cwlk iv`c ibjleI Dwrw dI idSw v`l sMkyq krdI hY qW AMgUTw cwlk dI gqI jW cwlk aùqy
l`g rhy bl dI idSw v`l sMkyq krygw[
pRSn 12- ibjleI motr dw kI isDWq hY?
aùqr- cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c r`KI koeI krMt vwhk kuMflI iek GumwE bl mihsUs krdI hY[ ies bl dI idSw
PlyimMg dy K`bw h`Q inXm nwl pqw kIqI jw skdI hY[
pRSn 13- ibjleI motr iv`c spilt irMg dI kI mh`qqw hY?
aùqr- ibjleI motr iv`c spilt irMg ie`k idSw-pirvrqk vjoN kMm krdI hY[ieh hryk A`Dy c`kr bwAd
Awrmycr iv`c krMt dI idSw bdl ky Awrmycr nUM ie`ko idSw iv`c GuMmx iv`c mdd krdI hY[
pRSn 14- iksy kuMflI iv`c ibjlI Dwrw pRyirq krn dy FMg spSt kro[
aùqr – (1) jdoN ie`k kuMflI dI iksy pRbl GoV-Kur cuMbk dy DruvW ivckwr qyzI nwl gqI krvweI jWdI hY qW
ies kuMflI iv`c ibjlI Dwrw pRyirq ho jWdI hY[
(2) jdoN iksy cuMbk dI kuMflI dy swpyK gqI krvweI jWdI hY qW kuMflI iv`c ibjleI Dwrw pRyirq huMdI hY[
pRSn 15- ibjleI jnrytr dw isDWq ilKo[
aùqr- ibjleI jnrytr ibjl-cuMbkI pRyrx qy AwDwirq hY[ ies Anuswr jdoN iksy kuMflI dw cuMbkI Pl`ks
bdldw hY qW ies iv`c putYNSl AMqr Aqy ibjleI Dwrw pRyirq ho jWdI hY[
pRSn 16- is`DI Dwrw (DC) dy ku`J sroqW dy nW ilKo[
aùqr- sỲl, bYtrI Aqy DC jnrytr Awid[
pRSn 17- prqvIN Dwrw auqpMn krn vwly sroqW dy nW ilKo[
aùqr- AC jnrytr Aqy swry pwwvr plWt[
pRSn 18- TIk ivklp dI cox kro:-
qWby dI qwr dI ie`k Awieqwkwr kuMflI iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c GuMmx gqI kr rhI hY[ ies kuMflI iv`c
pRyirq ibjleI Dwrw dI idSw iv`c ikMny GuMmx c`krW dy ip`CoN pirvrqn huMdw hY?
(a) do (A) ie`k (e) A`Dy ✓ (s) cOQweI
pRSn 19- ibjleI srktW Aqy aupkrnW iv`c Awm vrqy jWdy do surìKAw aupwvW dy nW ilKo[
aùqr- ibjleI iPaUz Aqy BON qwr[
pRSn 20- 2kW SkqI AMikq dI ibjleI Evn iksy GrylU ibjleI srkt (220V) iv`c clwieAw igAw
hY, ijs dw ibjleI Dwrw AMk 5A hY[ ies qoN qusIN iks is`ty dI Aws krdy ho? spSt kro[
aùqr- SkqI = 2 kW = 2000 W
Evn duAwrw leI geI ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 9.09 A
Evn 9.09A ibjleI Dwrw srkt iv`coN lvygw pr srkt dw ibjleI Dwrw AMk 5A hI hY[ ies leI iPaUz
ipGl jwvygw Aqy srkt tùt jwvygw[
pRSn 21- GrylU ibjleI srkt iv`c Evr loifMg dy bcwE leI qusIN kI swvDwnIAW vrqogy?
aùqr- (1) ie`ko pl`g iv`c keI swry aupkrn nhIN lgwauxy cwhIdy[
(2) ie`ko smyN bhuq swry aupkrn nhIN clwauxy cwhIdy[
(3) srkt iv`c Krwb hoey XMqr nhIN l`gy rihx dyxy cwhIdy[
(4) srkt iv`c shI iPaUz jrUr lìgAw hoxw cwhIdw hY[
pRSn 1- hyT iliKAW iv`coN ikhVw iksy lMbI is`DI qwr dy nyVy cuMbkI Kyqr dw shI vrxn krdw hY?
(a) qwr dy aùpr is`DIAW lMb rUpI ryKwvW dw bxdw Kyqr[
(b) qwr dy smwnWqr isDIAW ryKwvW dw bxdw Kyqr[
(c) qwr qoN pYdw ArD ivAwsI ryKwvW dw bxdw Kyqr[
(d) qwr dy duAwly smkyNdrI c`krW dw bxdw Kyqr[✓
pRSn 2- ibjl-cuMbkI pRyrx dI Gtnw:
(a) iksy vsqU nUM cwrj krn dI pRikirAw hY[
(b) iksy kuMflI qoN ibjleI Dwrw pRvwihq hox dy kwrn kuMflI iv`c pRyirq ibjleI Dwrw pYdw krnw[
(c) kuMflI Aqy cuMbk dy iv`c swpyKk gqI dy kwrn kuMflI iv`c pRyirq ibjleI Dwrw pYdw krnw[✓
(d) iksy ibjleI motr dI kuMflI nUM Gumwaux dI pRikirAw[
pRSn 3- ibjleI Dwrw pYdw krn dI ivauNq nUM kihMdy hn:
(a) jnrytr ✓ (b) gYlvYnomItr (c) AYmmItr (d) motr
pRSn 4- iksy AC jnrytr Aqy DC jnrytr iv`c ie`k mUl AMqr hY ik:
(a) AC jnrytr iv`c ibjlI cuMbk huMdw hY jdoNik DC jnrytr iv`c sQweI cuMbk huMdw hY[
(b) DC jnrytr aùcI voltz pYdw krdw hY[
(c) AC jnrytr aùcI voltz pYdw krdw hY[
(d) AC jnrytr iv`c ivByidq irMg huMdy hn jdoNik DC jnrytr iv`c idSw prwvrqk huMdw
(Commutator) hY[✓
pRSn 5- Swrt srkt smyN srkt iv`c ibjleI Dwrw dw mwn:
(a) bhuq G`t ho jWdw hY[
(b) pirvriqq nhIN huMdw[
(c) bhuq AiD`k v`D jWdw hY[✓
(d) inrMqr pirvriqq huMdw hY[
pRSn 6- hyT ilKy kQnW iv`coN ikhVw shI hY Aqy ikhVw glq hY:
(a) ibjleI motr XMqirk aUrjw nUM ibjlI aUrjw iv`c pirvriqq krdI hY[ (glq)
(b) ibjleI jnrytr ibjl-cuMbkI pRyrx dy isDWq qy kwrj krdw hY[ (shI)
(c) iksy lMbI golwkwr ibjlI Dwrw vwlI kuMflI dy kyNdr aùqy cuMbkI kyqr smwnWqr is`DIAW KyqrI ryKwvW huMdw
hY[ (shI)
(d) hry ibjl roDk vwlI qwr Awm krky ibjlI splweI dI lwiev qwr huMdI hY[ (glq)
pRSn 7- cuMbkI Kyqr pYdw krn dy iqMn FMgW dI sUcI bxwE[
aùqr- cuMbkI Kyqr dy iqMn sroq-(1) kudrqI Aqy siQr cuMbk, (2) ibjl-cuMbk, (3) krMt vwhk qwr jW kuMflI[
pRSn 8- solInwief cuMbk dI qrHW ikvyN ivvhwr krdI hY? kI qusIN CV cuMbk dI shwieqw nwl iksy ibjleI
Dwrw vwly solInwief dy au`qrI Druv Aqy d`KxI Druv dw pqw kr skdy ho?
aùqr- nyVy-nyVy ilptI roiDq qWby dI qwr dI bylx dI Skl dI Anyk PyirAW vwlI kuMflI nUM solInwief kihMd y
hn[krMt lMGwaux qy ieh kuMflI ie`k CV cuMbk vWg cuMbkI Kyqr pYdw krdI hY[ CV cuMbk dw aùqrI Druv kuMflI
dy ijs isry nUM D`kdw hY, auh isrw solInwief dw aùqrI Druv hY Aqy ijhVw isrw CV cuMbk dy au`qrI Druv nUM
iK`cdw hY, auh isrw d`KxI Druv hY[
pRSn 9- iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c siQq ibjleI Dwrw vwly cwlk au`qy l`g irhw bl kdoN AiDkqm huMdw hY?
aùqr- jdoN cwlk iv`c krMt dI idSw cuMbkI Kyqr dy lMb huMdI hY[
pRSn 10- mMn lE qusI iksy cYNbr iv`c AwpxI ip`T nUM iksy ie`k kMD nwl lgw ky bYTy ho[ koeI ielỲktrwn
puMj quhwfy ip`Cy dI kMD qoN swhmxy vwlI kMD v`l Kiqj gqI krdw hoieAw iksy pRbl cuMbkI Kyqr duAwrw quhwfy
s`jy pwsy ivKypq ho jWdw hY[ cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw kI hY?
aùqr- PlyimMg dy K`by h`Q inXm Anuswr ies siQqI iv`c cuMbkI Kyqr hyTW v`l hovygw[
pRSn 11- ibjleI motr dw AMikq ic`qr iK`co [ ies dw isDWq Aqy kwrj ivDI spSt kro[ ibjleI mot r
iv`c ivByidq irMg dw kI mh`qv hY[
aùqr- ibjleI motr ibjlI aUrjw nUM XMqirk aUrjw iv`c bdldI hY[
ibjleI motr dw isDWq- cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c r`KI koeI krMt vwhk kuMflI iek GumwE bl mihsUs krdI hY[ ies bl
dI idSw PlyimMg dy K`bw h`Q inXm nwl pqw kIqI jw skdI hY[
kwrj ivDI- jdoN siv`c Aw`n kIqI jWdI hY qW Awrmycr iv`c krMt ABCD idSw iv`c vgdw hY[ies leI PlyimMg
dw K`bw h`Q inXm vrq ky pqw l`gdw hY ik Awrmycr GVI dI sUeI qoN ault idSw iv`c GuMmx l`g jWdI hY, ikauNik
AB aùqy bl hyTW v`l Aqy CD au`qy bl au`pr v`l l`gdw hY[Agly A`Dy c`kr iv`c krMt dI idSw DCBA ho jWdI hY
pr Awrmycr GVI dI sUeI qoN ault idSw iv`c hI GuMmdI rihMdI hY[
ivByidq irMg dw mh`qv- ibjleI motr iv`c spilt jW ivByidq irMg ie`k idSw-pirvrqk vjoN kMm krdI hY[ieh
hryk A`Dy c`kr bwAd Awrmycr iv`c krMt dI idSw bdl ky Awrmycr nUM ie`ko idSw iv`c GuMmx iv`c mdd krdI hY[
pRSn 12- Aijhy ku`J XMqrW dy nW ilKo ijnHW iv`c ibjleI motr dw aupXog huMdw hY[
aùqr-pwxI vwly pMp, ibjleI p`Ky, ibjleI jUsr Aqy imksr, k`pVy Dox vwlI mSIn Aqy CD/DVD plyAr Awid[
pRSn 13-ibjlroDI qWby dI qwr dI kuMflI iksy gYlvYnomItr nwl juVI hoeI hY[ kI hovygw jykr koeI CV cuMbk-
(a) kuMflI iv`c DkyilAw jWdw hY?
(A) kuMflI dy AMdr qoN bwhr iKìcAw jWdw hY?
(e) kuMflI dy AMdr siQr rìKAw jWdw hY?
aùqr- (a) kuMflI iv`c CV cuMbk Dkylx qy kuMflI iv`c ibjleI Dwrw pRyirq ho jwvygI Aqy gYlvYnomItr dI sUeI bhuq
QoVy smyN leI iksy idSw v`l ivKyipq ho jwvygI[
(A) kuMflI dw AMdr qoN CV cuMbk bwhr iK`cx qy kuMflI iv`c ibjleI Dwrw ault idSw iv`c pRyirq hovygI Aqy
gYlvYnomItr dI sUeI pihlW qoN ault idSw v`l bhuq QoVy smyN leI ivKyipq hovygI[
(e) kuMflI dy AMdr CV cuMbk siQr r`Kx qy ku`J nhIN hovygw[
pRSn 14- do golwkwr kuMflIAW A Aqy B ie`k dUjy dy nyVy siQq hn[ jykr kuMflI A iv`c ibjleI Dwrw iv`c
koeI pirvrqn krIey qW kI kuMflI B iv`c koeI ibjleI Dwrw pRyrq hovygI? kwrn ilKo[
aùqr- hW, jdoN kuMflI A iv`c ibjleI Dwrw iv`c pirvrqn Awvygw qW iesdw cuMbkI Kyqr vI bdlygw, ijs krky
kol r`KI kuMflI B dw cuMbkI Kyqr bdlx kwrn ies iv`c ibjleI Dwrw pRyirq hovygI[
pRSn 15- inmniliKq dI idSw inrDwirq krn vwlw inXm ilKo-
(a) iksy is`Dy ibjleI Dwrw vwly cwlk dy Awly duAwly auqpMn cuMbkI Kyqr[
aùqr- s`jw h`Q AMgUTw inXm[ ies inXm Anuswr, klpnw kro ik qusIN Awpxy s`jy h`Q iv`c ibjleI Dwrw lMG
rhy cwlk nUM ies pRkwr pkiVAw hoieAw hY ik quhwfw AMgUTw krMt dI idSw iv`c sMkyq krdw hY, qW quhwfIAW auNglW
dy vl cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw nUM drswauNdy hn[
(A) iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c Kyqr dy lMb v`l siQq ibjleI Dwrw vwly is`Dy cwlk qy lìgAw bl[
aùqr- PlyimMg dw K`bw h`Q inXm[ies inXm Anuswr, Awpxy K`by h`Q dI pihlI auNgl, AMgUTy Aqy ivckwrlI
auNglI nUM ies pRkwr PYlwE ik ieh iqMnoN ie`k dUjy dy lMb rUp iv`c hox[ jykr pihlI auNglI cuMbkI Kyq r dI idSw,
ivckwrlI auNglI cwlk iv`c ibjleI Dwrw dI idSw v`l sMkyq krdI hY qW AMgUTw cwlk dI gqI jW cwlk aùqy l`g
rhy bl dI idSw v`l sMkyq krygw[
(e) iksy cuMbkI Kyqr iv`c iksy kuMflI dy GuMmx qy aus kuMflI iv`c auqpMn pRyirq ibjleI Dwrw[
aùqr- PlyimMg dw s`jw h`Q inXm[ies inXm Anuswr, Awpxy s`jy h`Q dI pihlI auNgl, AMgUTy Aqy ivckwrlI
auNglI nUM ies pRkwr PYlwE ik ieh iqMnoN ie`k dUjy dy lMb rUp iv`c hox[ jykr pihlI auNglI cuMbkI Kyqr dI idSw,
AMgUTw cwlk dI gqI jW cwlk aùqy l`g rhy bl dI idSw v`l sMkyq krdI hY qW ivckwrlI auNglI cwlk iv`c pRyirq
ibjleI Dwrw dI idSw v`l sMkyq krygw[
pRSn 16- AMikq ryKw ic`qr iK`c ky iksy ibjleI jnrytr dw mUl isDWq Aqy kwrj ivDI spSt kro[ ies
iv`c burSW dw kI kMm hY?
aùqr- ibjleI jnrytr XMqirk aUrjw nUM ibjlI aUrjw iv`c bdldw hY[
ibjleI jnrytr dw isDWq- ibjleI jnrytr ibjl-cuMbkI pRyrx qy AwDwirq hY[ ies Anuswr jdoN iksy kuMflI dw
cuMbkI Pl`ks bdldw hY qW ies iv`c putYNSl AMqr Aqy ibjleI Dwrw pRyirq ho jWdI hY[
kwrj ivDI- jdoN kuMflI GVI dI sUeI dI idSw iv`c GumweI jWdI hY qW PlyimMg dy s`jy h`Q inXm Anuswr kuMflI iv`c
krMt ABCD idSw iv`c pRyirq ho jWdw hY[A`Dy c`kr qoN bwAd krMt DCBA idSw iv`c pRyirq huMdw hY[ies qrHW ie`k
prqvIN Dwrw (AC) auqpMn ho jWdI hY[
burSW dw kMm- burs kuMflI qoN bwhrI srkt q`k krMt phuMcwauNdy hn[
pRSn 17- ibjleI Swrt srkt kdoN huMdw hY?
aùqr- iksy kwrn lwiev Aqy audwsIn qwr dI roDk prq ht jwx krky jykr donoN qwrW AwpsI sMprk bxw lYNdIAW
hn qW ibjleI Swrt srkt ho jWdw hY[
pRSn 18- BoN qwr dw kI kwrj hY? Dwq vwly XMqrW nUM BoN sMprk krnw ikauN jrUrI hY?
aùqr- BoN qwr ibjlI Dwrw dI lIkyz hox qy XMqr dw putYNSl DrqI ijMnw hI bxweI r`KdI hY [ iksy kwrn qwrW dy
Dwq nwl qwr juVn krky ibjleI Jtky dw fr bx jWdw hY[ ies leI Dwq vwly XMqr nMU BoN sMprk krnw jrUrI hY
ijs nwl putYNSl DrqI q`k vg jWdw hY Aqy AsIN ibjlI Jtky qoN bc jWdy hW[

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10 vIN , swieMs, pMjwbI mwiDAm, AkqUbr Aqy nvMbr dw islybs

AiDAwie-2 qyzwb, ^wr Aqy lUx

(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 10 ✓

(a) NaCl (b) HCl ✓ (c) LiCl (d) KCl

(a) 4 mL (b) 8mL (c) 12 mL (d) 16 mL ✓

lVI Xoigk dw rswieixk

11 CaSO4- H2O plwstr AwP pYirs (POP) kYlSIAm slPyt

12 CaSO4-2 H2O Ijpsm kYlSIAm slPyt

AiDAwie-3 DwqW Aqy ADwqW

(A) ielY`ktrwnW dI Adlw-bdlI krky Na2O Aqy MgO dI isrjxW kro[

(e) iehnW XoigkW iv`c ikhVy Awien mOjUd huMdy hn?

pRSn 14- ikhVIAW DwqW AwswnI nwl nhIN KurdIAW?

(c) izMk dI prq cVHwauxw ✓ (d) aùkq swry

(a) kYlSIAm ✓ (b) kwrbn

(a) gYs dI kI ikirAw hovygI:

AiDAwie-7 kwbU Aqy qwlmyl

pRSn 11- jMqUAW iv`c rswieixk qwlmyl ikvyN huMdw hY?

(c) eIstrojn (d) sweItokwieinn ✓

(a) fYNfrweIt (b) sweInYps ✓

(c) srIr dw sMquln kwiem r`Kx leI (d) aùkq swry ✓

pRSn 6- pOidAW iv`c pRkwS Anuvrqn iks pRkwr huMdw hY?

CUeI-mUeI pOdy iv`c gqI swfI l`q dI gqI

(3) ibjleI putYNSl (V)= kwrj/cwrj = ;ibjleI putYNSl dI iekweI-volt (V)

(4) Ehm dw inXm: V = IR ; R = pRiqroD ; pRiqroD dI iekweI – Ehm (Ω)

(5) = ; ρ = pRiqroDkqw, L=cwlk dI lMbweI, A= pirKyqr kwt dw KyqrPl ; pRiqroDkqw dI

iekweI – Ehm mItr (Ωm)

smwn rihMdw hY)

vwlI SkqI dI iekweI – hwrs pwvr (hp), 1 hp = 746 W.

AiDAwie AMdrly pRSn

ies leI , = = 1 / 1.6 x 10-19 = 6.25 x 1018 ielỲktrwn[

hux, = , ies leI , W = Vq = 6 x 1 = 6 J (jUl)

krn qy ibjleI Dwrw vI A`DI ( ) ho jwvygI[

aùqr- (a) Awiern jW lohw[

hux AYmmItr dw mwn = I = = = 0.24 A

hux 12Ω pRiqroD leI voltmItr dw mwn = V = IR = 0.24 x 12 = 2.88 V.

srkt dw qùl pRiqroD:

Ehm inXm Anuswr, srkt iv`coN vg rhI ibjleI Dwrw = = = = = 7.04

ies leI, pRSn Anuswr ibjleI pRYs dI ibjleI Dwrw = 7.04 A

hux ibjleI pRYs dw pRqiroD = = = = .

(a) 1/25 (b) 1/5 (c) 5 (d) 25 ✓

ArD ivAws = r = x 10-4 = 2.5 x 10-4 m

L= = (10 x 19.6 x 10-8)/ 1.6 x 10-8 = 122.5 m.

jwvygw, ies leI nvW pRiqroD = = = 2.5 Ω.

ies leI, R = 3.4 Ω.

pRiqroD = R = = 12/ 2.5 x 10-3 =4.8 x 103 Ω = 4800 Ω.

12Ω pRiqroDk iv`c ibjleI Dwrw = kùl krMt = = = 0.67 A.

Ehm dy inXm Anuswr, V = IR, 220 = 5 x

ies leI, n = = = 4 pRiqroDk[

lVI sMXojn leI : r = 6 + 6 = 12 Ω

kùl pRiqroD, = + = = = ; R=4Ω

srkt dw qùl pRiqroD = R = = = 44 Ω

= ; ies leI, n = = 110 bulb.

ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 9.2 A

Case 2- kuMflIAW nUM lVI joVn qy:

ibjleI Dwrw = I = = = 4.6 A

Case 3- kuMflIAW nUM smwnWqr joVn qy:

2 Ω pRqiroD dI bjleI Dwrw = ku`l krMt = = =2A

2 Ω pRiqroD dI SkqI = P = I2R = (2)2 x 2 = 4 x 2 = 8 W.

ibjleI Dwrw = I1 = = = 0.45 A

dUjy lYNp leI: SkqI = P = 60 W

ibjleI Dwrw = I2 = = = 0.27 A

smwnWqr sMXojn dw ku`l krMt (ibjleI Dwrw) = I = I1 + I2 = 0.45 + 0.27 = 0.72 A