Physics 71: 1st LE Cheat Sheet 2.

Average and instantaneous 𝑥- 𝑥 = (𝑣0 cos 𝛼0 )𝑡

1
acceleration 𝑦 = (𝑣0 sin 𝛼0 )𝑡 − 2 𝑔𝑡 2
Lui Mennard U. Santos 𝑣2𝑥 −𝑣1𝑥 Δ𝑣𝑥
𝑎𝑎𝑣,𝑥 = = 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣0 cos 𝛼0
𝑡2 −𝑡1 Δt
Chapter 1 Δ𝑣𝑥 𝑑𝑣𝑥 𝑣𝑦 = 𝑣0 sin 𝛼0 − 𝑔𝑡
𝑎𝑥 = lim =
Δ𝑡→0 Δ𝑡 𝑑𝑡
3. Uniform and nonuniform circular
1. Physical quantities and units
3. Straight-line motion with constant
mass: 𝑘𝑔, length: 𝑚, time: 𝑠 motion
acceleration 𝑣2
2. Significant figures 𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑 =
𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣0𝑥 + 𝑎𝑥 𝑡 𝑅
Multiplication: fewest sig. figs. 4𝜋 2 𝑅
1 𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑 =
Addition: fewest digits to the right 𝑥 = 𝑥0 + 𝑣0𝑥 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑥 𝑡 2 𝑇2
2
of the decimal point 2 4. Relative velocity
𝑣𝑥2 = 𝑣0𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )
3. Scalars, vectors, and vector 𝑣0𝑥 +𝑣 𝑣⃗𝑃/𝐴 = 𝑣⃗𝑃/𝐵 + 𝑣⃗𝑃/𝐴
addition 𝑥 − 𝑥0 = ( )𝑡
2
Scalar: magnitude 4. Freely falling bodies Chapter 4
Vector: magnitude & direction Use formulas in (3) with 𝑎 = −𝑔 1. Force as a vector
4. Vector components and vector 5. Straight-line motion with varying
𝑅⃗⃗ = 𝐹⃗1 + 𝐹⃗2 + ⋯ = ∑ 𝐹⃗
addition acceleration
𝑡 2. The net force on a body and
𝑅𝑥 = 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣0𝑥 + ∫0 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑡 Newton’s first law
𝑅𝑦 = 𝐴𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 𝑡
𝑥 = 𝑥0 + ∫0 𝑣𝑥 𝑑𝑡 ∑ 𝐹⃗ = 0
𝑅𝑧 = 𝐴𝑧 + 𝐵𝑧
5. Unit vectors 3. Mass, acceleration, and Newton’s
Chapter 3 second law
𝐴⃗ = 𝐴𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝐴𝑦 𝑗̂ + 𝐴𝑧 𝑘̂
6. Scalar Product 1. Position, velocity, and acceleration ∑ 𝐹⃗ = 𝑚𝑎⃗
vectors 4. Weight
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝐴𝑥 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐴𝑦 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐴𝑧 𝐵𝑧
𝑟⃗ = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑧𝑘̂ 𝑤 = 𝑚𝑔
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝐴𝐵 cos 𝜃
𝑟⃗ −𝑟⃗
𝑣⃗𝑎𝑣 = 𝑡2−𝑡1 =
Δ𝑟⃗ 5. Newton’s third law and action-
7. Vector Product Δ𝑡
2 1 reaction pairs
𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝐴𝐵 sin 𝜃 Δ𝑟⃗ 𝑑𝑟⃗
𝑣⃗ = lim = 𝐹𝐴 𝑜𝑛 𝐵 = −𝐹𝐵 𝑜𝑛 𝐴
Δ𝑡→0 Δ𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Chapter 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧
𝑣𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡 𝑣𝑦 = 𝑣𝑧 = Chapter 5
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1. Straight-line motion, average and 𝑎⃗𝑎𝑣 =
⃗⃗2 −𝑣
𝑣 ⃗⃗1
=
⃗⃗
Δ𝑣
𝑡2 −𝑡1 Δ𝑡
Apply the formulas above
instantaneous 𝑥-velocity
𝑥2 −𝑥1 Δ𝑥 ⃗⃗
Δ𝑣 ⃗⃗
𝑑𝑣
𝑣𝑎𝑣,𝑥 = = 𝑎⃗ = lim =
𝑡2 −𝑡1 Δt Δ𝑡→0 Δ𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Δ𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣𝑥 𝑑𝑣𝑦 𝑑𝑣𝑧
𝑣𝑥 = lim = 𝑎𝑥 = 𝑎𝑦 = 𝑎𝑧 =
Δ𝑡→0 Δ𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

2. Projectile motion
Physics 71: 2nd LE Cheat Sheet 5. Determining force from potential 2. Relating linear and angular
energy kinematics
Lui Mennard U. Santos 𝑑
𝐹 = − 𝑑𝑥 𝑈 𝑥⃗ = 𝑟𝜃⃗
Chapter 6 𝑣⃗𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑟𝜔
⃗⃗
Chapter 8 𝑎⃗𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑟𝛼⃗
1. Work done by a force
𝑣2
𝑊 = 𝐹⃗ ⋅ 𝑑⃗ = 𝐹𝑑 cos 𝜃 1. Momentum of a particle 𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑 = = 𝜔2 𝑟
𝑟
2. Kinetic energy 𝑝⃗ = 𝑚𝑣⃗ 3. Moment of inertia and rotational
1 2. Impulse and momentum kinetic energy
𝐾 = 2 𝑚𝑣 2
3. The work-energy theorem 𝐽⃗ = 𝐹⃗ Δ𝑡 𝐼 = ∑ 𝑚𝑖 𝑟𝑖2
1
𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝐾2 − 𝐾1 = Δ𝐾 𝐽⃗ = Δ𝑝⃗ 𝐾𝑟𝑜𝑡 = 2 𝐼𝜔2
4. Power 3. Conservation of momentum 4. Parallel-axis theorem
𝑃=
Δ𝑊
= 𝑓⃗ ⋅ 𝑣⃗ 𝑃⃗⃗ = 𝑝⃗𝐴 + 𝑝⃗𝐵 + ⋯ 𝐼𝑝 = 𝐼𝑐𝑚 + 𝑀𝑑 2
Δ𝑡
If ∑ 𝐹⃗ = 0, then 𝑃⃗⃗ = constant
Chapter 7 Chapter 10
4. Collisions
a. Elastic 1. Torque
1. Gravitational potential energy and
𝑚1 𝑣1,𝑖 + 𝑚2 𝑣2,𝑖 = 𝑚1 𝑣1,𝑓 + 𝑚2 𝑣2,𝑓 𝜏 = 𝐹𝑙
elastic potential energy
𝑣1,𝑖 − 𝑣2,𝑖 = 𝑣2,𝑓 − 𝑣1,𝑓 𝜏⃗ = 𝑟⃗ × 𝐹⃗ = 𝑟𝐹 sin 𝜃
𝑈𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔𝑦
b. Completely Inelastic 2. Rotational dynamics
𝑊𝑔 = −Δ𝑈𝑔
𝑚1 𝑣1,𝑖 + 𝑚2 𝑣2,𝑖 = (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝑣𝑓 ∑ 𝜏 = 𝐼𝛼
𝐹𝑠𝑝𝑟 = −𝑘𝑥
5. Center of mass 3. Combined translation and rotation
1 ∑ 𝑚𝑖 𝑟
𝑈𝑒𝑙 = 𝑘𝑥 2 𝑟𝑐𝑚 =
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑖 1
𝐾 = 2 𝑚𝑣𝑐𝑚 2 1
+ 2 𝐼𝑐𝑚 𝜔2
2 ∑ 𝑚𝑖
𝑊𝑒𝑙 = −Δ𝑈𝑒𝑙 (rolling without slipping) 𝑣𝑐𝑚 = 𝑟𝜔
2. When total mechanical energy is Chapter 9 4. Work done by a torque
conserved 1. Rotational kinematics 𝑊 = 𝜏Δ𝜃
𝐾1 + 𝑈1 = 𝐾2 + 𝑈2 𝑑𝜃 𝑃 = 𝜏𝜔
𝜔=
3. When total mechanical energy is 𝑑𝑡 5. Angular momentum
𝑑𝜔
not conserved 𝛼= ⃗⃗ = 𝑟⃗ × 𝑝⃗
𝐿
𝑑𝑡
𝐾1 + 𝑈1 + 𝑊𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑠 = 𝐾2 + 𝑈2 When 𝛼 is constant: ⃗⃗ = 𝐼𝜔
𝐿 ⃗⃗
4. Conservative forces, non- 1
𝜃 = 𝜃0 + 𝜔𝑡 + 2 𝛼𝑡 2 6. Rotational dynamics and angular
conservative forces, and the law of 1 momentum
conservation of energy 𝜃 − 𝜃0 = 2 (𝜔 + 𝜔0 )𝑡
𝑑⃗𝐿⃗
Δ𝐾 + Δ𝑈 + Δ𝑈𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0 𝜔 = 𝜔0 + 𝛼𝑡 ∑𝜏 =
𝑑𝑡
𝜔2 = 𝜔02 + 2𝛼(𝜃 − 𝜃0 )
Physics 71: 3rd LE Cheat Sheet Chapter 13 Chapter 14

Lui Mennard U. Santos 1. Periodic motion 1. Density and pressure

1 1 𝑚
𝑓=𝑇 𝑇=𝑓 𝜌= 𝑉
Chapter 11 𝑑𝐹⊥
2𝜋
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 = 𝑝= 𝑑𝐴
1. Conditions for equilibrium 𝑇
2. Simple harmonic motion 2. Pressures in a fluid at rest
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, ∑ 𝐹𝑧 = 0
𝐹𝑥 = −𝑘𝑥 𝑝2 − 𝑝1 = −𝜌𝑔(𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )
∑ τ = 0 about any point 𝐹𝑥 𝑘 𝑝 = 𝑝0 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ
∑ 𝑚𝑖 𝑟⃗𝑖 𝑎𝑥 = =− 𝑥
𝑟⃗𝑐𝑚 = 𝑚 𝑚 3. Buoyancy
∑ 𝑚𝑖
𝑘
2. Stress, strain, and Hooke’s law 𝜔=√ 𝐹𝐵 = 𝑊disp. fluid
𝑚
Stress 𝐹𝐵 = 𝜌𝑔𝑉
Strain
= Elastic Modulus 𝜔 1 𝑘
𝑓= = √ 4. Fluid Flow
3. Tensile and compressive stress 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝑚 𝑑𝑉
Tensile Stress 𝐹⊥ /𝐴 1 𝑚
𝐴1 𝑣1 = 𝐴2 𝑣2 = 𝐴𝑣
𝑌 = Tensile Strain = 𝑑𝑡
Δ𝑙/𝑙0 𝑇 = 𝑓 = 2𝜋√ 𝑘 1 1
𝑝1 + 𝜌𝑔𝑦1 + 𝜌𝑣12 = 𝑝2 + 𝜌𝑔𝑦2 + 𝜌𝑣22
2 2
4. Bulk stress 𝑥 = 𝐴 cos(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙)
𝐹 Chapter 15
𝑝 = 𝐴⊥ 3. Energy in simple harmonic motion
Bulk Stress Δ𝑝 1 1 1
𝐵 = Bulk Strain = − Δ𝑉/𝑉 𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑘𝑥 2 = 𝑘𝐴2 1. Waves and their properties
0
2 2 2
4. Angular simple harmonic motion 𝑣 = 𝜆𝑓
5. Shear stress
Shear Stress 𝐹∥ /𝐴 𝑘 1 𝑘 2. Wave functions and wave dynamics
𝑆= = 𝜔=√ 𝑓= √ 𝑥
Shear Strain 𝑥/ℎ 𝐼 2𝜋 𝐼 𝑦(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝐴 cos [𝜔 ( − 𝑡)]
5. Simple pendulum 𝑣
Chapter 12 𝑦(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝐴 cos(𝑘𝑥 − 𝜔𝑡)
𝑔
𝜔 = √𝐿 𝐹
1. Newton’s law of gravitation 𝑣 = √𝜇
𝐺𝑚 𝑚
𝐹𝑔 = 12 2 𝑇=
2𝜋
= 2𝜋√𝑔
𝐿
3. Wave power
𝑟
𝜔
2. Gravitational force, weight, and 1
6. Physical pendulum 𝑃𝑎𝑣 = √𝜇𝐹𝜔2 𝐴2
gravitational potential energy 2
𝐺𝑚 𝑚
𝑤 = 𝐹𝑔 = 𝐸2 𝜔=√
𝑚𝑔𝑑
𝑇 = 2𝜋√𝑚𝑔𝑑
𝐼 𝐼1 𝑟22
𝑅𝐸 𝐼 =
𝐺𝑚𝐸 𝐼2 𝑟12
𝑔= 2 7. Damped oscillations
𝑅𝐸 𝑏 4. Wave superposition
−( )𝑡
𝐺𝑚 𝑚 𝑥 = 𝐴𝑒 2𝑚 cos 𝜔 ′ 𝑡 𝑦(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑦1 (𝑥, 𝑡) + 𝑦2 (𝑥, 𝑡)
𝑈 = − 𝑟𝐸
𝑘 𝑏2 5. Standing waves on a string
3. Orbits 𝜔′ = √𝑚 − 4𝑚2
𝑦(𝑥, 𝑡) = (𝐴𝑆𝑊 sin 𝑘𝑥) sin 𝜔𝑡
𝐺𝑚𝐸 2𝐺𝑀 𝑣
𝑣=√ 𝑣𝑒 = √ 8. Driven oscillations and resonance 𝑓𝑛 = 𝑛 ( ) = 𝑛𝑓1
𝑟 𝑟
3 𝐴=
𝐹𝑚𝑎𝑥 2𝐿
2𝜋𝑟 2𝜋𝑟 2 2 2 +𝑏2 𝜔2
√(𝑘−𝑚𝜔𝑑 1 𝐹
𝑇= = ) 𝑑 𝑓1 = 2𝐿 √𝜇
𝑣 √𝐺𝑚𝐸