Question Bundle - Multiple Topics 1

Assessment 1.1.
1
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Units
Units and equations
1 Isaac Newton’s law of gravitation gives the magnitude of the attractive force F
between two point masses m1 and m2 a distance d apart:
Gm1m2
F
d2
Use this equation to determine the appropriate SI units for the universal
gravitational constant G.
(2)
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(Total for Question 1 = 2 marks)
2 The drag force F acting on a small sphere of radius r moving at low velocity v
through a fluid is given by Stokes’ law:
F  6πηrv , where η is the viscosity of the fluid.
(a) Use this equation to determine the appropriate SI units for η.
(2)
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(b) Show that your answer to (a) is equivalent to the Pa s.

(1)
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© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

This document may have been altered from the original
1
Assessment 1.1.1
3 The time period T for the oscillations of a mass m suspended from a spring of
spring constant k depends only on m and k.
Use the fact that all equations in physics must balance in terms of units to
decide which one of the following equations could represent the time period.
Explain your answer.
m
A T  2π  
k 
m
B T  2π  
k 
k 
C T  2π  
m
k 
D T  2π  
m
(3)
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4 (a) Explain what is meant by a base unit.

(2)
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(b) Explain what is meant by a derived unit.

(2)
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2
Assessment 1.1.1
F
(c) Pressure p is defined by the equation p  , where F is the force acting
A
perpendicular to an area A. The pascal (Pa) is the derived unit for pressure.
Express this derived unit in the equivalent base units.
(1)
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Electrical units
5 (a) Show that 1 Nm is equivalent to 1 VC.

(2)
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(b) Express the ohm in SI base units.

(2)
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Standard form
6 (a) Calculate the electrical energy transferred by a 50 mW generator operating

for 50 ms. Express your answer in standard form.
(2)
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3
Assessment 1.1.1
(b) Calculate the cross-sectional area of a copper wire of diameter 250 μm.

Express your answer in standard form in m2.
(2)
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Interpreting graphs
7 (a) What is represented by the gradient of each of the graphs described below?
In each case, use a unit argument to justify your answer.
(i) Displacement against time for a rocket
(1)
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(ii) Velocity against time for a sprinter
(1)
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(iii) Energy transferred against time for an electric motor
(1)
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(iv) Force against extension for a spring obeying Hooke’s Law
(1)
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(v) Stress against strain for a metal wire obeying Hooke’s Law
(1)
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4
Assessment 1.1.1
(b) What is represented by the area under each of the graphs described below?
In each case, use a unit argument to justify your answer.
(i) Velocity against time for a car
(1)
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(ii) Power against time for a generator
(1)
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(iii) Force against extension for a spring obeying Hooke’s Law
(1)
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(iv) Stress against strain for a metal wire obeying Hooke’s Law
(1)
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(v) Charge transferred against voltage for an electrical component
(1)
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Order of magnitude
8 Give an order of magnitude estimate in SI units for each of the following

quantities.
(a) The time taken for light to reach the Earth from the Sun
(2)
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5
Assessment 1.1.1
(b) The power output of a nuclear power station

(2)
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(c) The kinetic energy of a car travelling along a motorway

(2)
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(d) The momentum of a diving seagull

(2)
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(e) The number of blades of grass on a football pitch

(2)
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TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 41 MARKS

6
Assessment 1.1.2
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Estimation
There are no ‘right answers’ to these questions but there are certainly reasonable
and unreasonable answers! If you get stuck ask your teacher if you can have a hint
but don’t be tempted to do this until you have spent some time struggling with the
problem!
Estimation questions
1 Estimate the number of atoms in your body.
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2 Estimate the number of atoms in a £1 coin.
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3 Estimate the number of molecules in the Earth’s atmosphere.
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4 Estimate the total electrical energy that can be delivered by an AA cell.
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5 Estimate the pressure exerted on the ground when you stand on tiptoe.
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1
Assessment 1.1.2
6 Estimate the drag on a car travelling at 30 ms−1 along a straight road.
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7 Estimate the power output of a cyclist travelling at 15 ms−1.
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8 Estimate the mass of air inside a cathedral.
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9 Estimate the maximum electrical power output from a wind turbine with a radius
of 10 m.
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10 Estimate the delay between seeing a batsman striking a cricket ball and hearing
the impact for a spectator in the crowd.
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11 Estimate the breaking stress for a human hair.
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2
Assessment 1.1.2
12 Estimate the mass of the Earth.
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13 Estimate the time taken for light to cross the diameter of a hydrogen atom.
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14 Estimate the volume of an elephant.
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15 Estimate the terminal velocity of a tennis ball dropped from the top of a tall
building.
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16 Estimate the Young modulus of rubber. Why is this not a fixed value?
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17 Estimate the thickness of a sheet of printer paper.
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3
Assessment 1.1.2
18 Estimate the spring constant for a car’s suspension.
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19 Estimate the minimum wind speed that would blow a man over.
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20 Estimate the drift velocity of electrons through the filament of a torch.
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Fermi questions
1 How many golf balls fit in a suitcase?
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2 Estimate the speed of a bee’s wingtip in flight.
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3 How many garbage trucks would be needed to take away all of the rock in
Mount Everest?
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4
Assessment 1.1.2
4 How many photons are emitted by a camera flashlight when it flashes once?
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5 Estimate the power output of the Sun.
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6 Estimate the number of dimples on a golf ball.
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7 How long would it take a snail to complete a 100 m race?
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8 If all the atoms in a human being were placed end to end how long would the
line be?
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9 How far can a car go before it rubs off one layer of molecules from its tyres?
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5
Assessment 1.1.2
10 What would be the world record for the high jump if the event was held on the
Moon?
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11 What is the minimum diameter of parachute needed to allow a human to land

safely after jumping from an aircraft?
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12 What is the ratio of energy stored in a car battery to energy stored in an AA cell?
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13 How many words are there in an English version of the Bible?
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14 How long would it take to fill a swimming pool from a kitchen tap?
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15 How many petrol stations are there in the UK?
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6
Assessment 1.1.2
16 How many ants live in an ant colony?
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17 What is the speed of the Moon?
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18 Would it be possible for an ant the size of an elephant to evolve on Earth?
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19 How could you measure the mass of an astronaut inside an orbiting space
station?
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20 How many car mechanics are there in Manchester?
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7
Assessment 2.1
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Motion
1 Which of the following is a vector?

A kinetic energy
B momentum
C mass
D speed
Your answer
(1)
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)
2 A sports car accelerates from 10 ms−1 to 40 ms−1 in 5.0 s. Which line in the table
below gives the correct values for distance travelled, average speed and
acceleration during the 5.0 s?
Distance/m Average speed/ms−1 Acceleration/ms−2

A 100 25 8
B 100 20 6
C 125 25 6
D 125 20 8
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 2.1
3 A cable car at rest is suspended from a cable as shown below. The tension in
the cable is T and the weight of the cable car is W.
Which of the equations below is correct?

A 2T = W
B 2T sin (80°) = W
C 2T cos (80°) = W
D 2T + W = 0
Your answer
(1)

2
Assessment 2.1
4 A uniform metre ruler can be balanced horizontally by placing a 100 g mass on

the ruler 5.0 cm from one end and putting a pivot under the ruler at 30.0 cm from
the same end as shown below.
What is the mass of the metre ruler?

A 100 g
B 125 g
C 400 g
D There is not enough information to calculate the mass of the ruler.
Your answer
(1)

3
Assessment 2.1
5 The diagram below shows a velocity–time graph for a vehicle of mass 2000 kg
over a 35 s time period.
(a) State the feature of the graph that represents the acceleration of the
vehicle.
(1)
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(b) State the feature of the graph that represents the displacement of the
vehicle.
(1)
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(c) (i) Calculate the acceleration during the first 10 s.

(1)
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(ii) Calculate the total displacement of the vehicle during the 35 s.
(2)
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(ii) Calculate the braking force on the vehicle during the final 5 s.
(2)
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4
Assessment 2.1
6 The diagram below shows a car towing a caravan at constant velocity along a
straight horizontal road. The car and caravan each have a mass of 1200 kg and
the total drag force on each vehicle is 1000 N.
(a) State the magnitude of the forward force from the car and explain your
answer.
(2)
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(b) State the magnitude of the tension in the tow link. Justify your answer.
(2)
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(c) Explain how the forces acting at the point where the tow link connects to the
car illustrate Newton’s third law of motion.
(3)
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(d) The tow link suddenly breaks. Calculate the initial acceleration of the car.
(2)
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5
Assessment 2.2
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Energy
1 Which of the following involves the greatest quantity of energy?

A A 50 kg child rising 20 m in a lift
B A 500 g projectile moving at 100 ms–1
C A 5.0 kg rock on a ledge at a height of 100 m above the ground
D The work done when a man pushes a car 50 m with an average force of
400 N
Your answer
(1)
2 Which one of the following quantities is always conserved in a closed system?

A Kinetic energy
B Gravitational potential energy
C Work done
D Total energy
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 2.2
3 A child of mass 50 kg runs at 5.0 ms–1 and then slides along an icy surface,
eventually coming to rest after sliding a distance of 20 m.
(a) Describe the energy transfers that take place as she comes to rest.
(2)
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(b) Calculate her initial kinetic energy.

(2)
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(c) Calculate the average frictional force acting on the child as she slows down.
(2)
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(d) Discuss whether an adult, of greater mass than the child but running at the
same initial speed, would slide further or less far than the child.
(3)
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2
Assessment 2.2
4 (a) State the law of conservation of energy.

(1)
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(b) Explain what is meant by ‘power’.

(1)
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(c) Calculate the energy transferred by each of the following (assume 100%
efficiency in each case):
(i) A wind turbine generating 25 kW for 1 hour
(2)
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(ii) A 10 000 W electric shower used for 10 minutes

(2)
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3
Assessment 2.2
5 The diagram below shows a man pulling a boat toward a jetty. As he pulls on
the rope he steps backwards so that the angle of the rope to the horizontal
remains constant and the boat moves forwards at constant velocity. The tension
in the rope is 200 N.
(a) State the distance moved by the boat when he moves back 2.0 m.
(1)
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(b) Calculate the work done on the boat as he moves back 2.0 m.
(2)
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4
Assessment 2.3
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Momentum
1 Two birds are flying in a straight line directly towards one another. They each
have a mass of 2.0 kg and a speed of 5.0 ms−1. Which line of the table below
gives the total momentum and kinetic energy of the two birds?
Momentum/kg ms−1 Kinetic energy/J

A 50 10
B 10 50
C 0 50
D 0 10
Your answer
(1)
2 A man of mass 80 kg steps forwards out of a stationary rowing boat. His initial
velocity is 1.0 and the boat begins to move backwards at 0.25 ms−1.
(a) State the law of conservation of momentum.
(2)
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(b) Calculate the mass of the boat.

(2)
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(c) State and explain any assumptions you made in order to answer part (b).
(2)
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1
Assessment 2.3
3 Below is a simplified diagram of a jet engine.
(a) Explain, by referring to momentum, how the jet engine can generate a
forward thrust for the aircraft.
(3)
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(b) When the aircraft is in steady flight, its momentum is constant. Explain how
the law of conservation of momentum applies even though the jet engine
continues to accelerate the air/exhaust gases.
(2)
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2
Assessment 2.3
4 The diagram below shows a girl jumping off a low wall. As she lands, she bends
her knees. Explain how this helps to protect her from injury.
(3)
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5 A man throws a sack of potatoes of mass 20 kg onto a stationary trolley of mass
40 kg. The trolley rolls forwards with an initial velocity of 0.40 ms−1. Calculate the
velocity of the sack of potatoes just before it landed on the trolley.
(3)
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3
Assessment 2.3
6 A rocket motor provides an impulse of 2.5 Ns to a rocket of mass 100 g.

What is the maximum velocity of the rocket?
(2)
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4
Assessment 3.1
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Electrical quantities
1 Which of the following rows gives the correct units for each of the electrical
quantities?
Resistance Current Charge Potential difference

A Ω I C A
B R I Q V
C Ω A C V
D R A Q Ω
Your answer
(1)
2 Which of the following is a definition of electrical current?

A The energy transferred per unit charge in an electrical circuit
B The amount of electrical charge in a circuit
C The rate of flow of electrical charge in an electrical circuit
D The movement of charge around an electrical circuit
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 3.1
3 The diagram below shows the variation of electrical resistivity with temperature
for three different metals.
(a) Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.

(1)
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(b) Explain the difference between ‘resistance’ and ‘resistivity’.

(4)
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(c) Explain why the resistivity of a metal increases with temperature.

(2)
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(d) Use the graph to calculate the resistance of an iron wire of length 2.0 m and
radius 0.50 mm at a temperature of 100 °C.
(4)
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2
Assessment 3.1
4 Some materials exhibit superconductivity at very low temperatures.

(a) What is meant by superconductivity?
(1)
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(b) State and explain one application of superconductors.

(2)
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5 The electrical circuit shown below was used to investigate the resistance of a
filament lamp.
(a) How can the resistance be calculated in this experiment?

(1)
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3
Assessment 3.1
(b) The graph below shows how the current varies with the potential difference
across the lamp.
(i) Use it to calculate the resistance of the lamp when it has a potential
difference of 5.0 V across it.
(1)
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(ii) Explain why doubling the voltage across the lamp does not double the
current through it.
(2)
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4
Assessment 3.2
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Complete electrical circuits
1 The diagram below shows three 2.0  resistors connected in three different
ways. For each combination (a) to (c) calculate the total resistance between
points A and B. Show how you obtain your answers.
(a)
(1)
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(b)
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(c)
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1
Assessment 3.2
2 A real cell has an emf of 6.0 V and an internal resistance of 0.50 .

(a) State and explain the reading that would be obtained if a high resistance
(perfect) voltmeter was connected across the terminals of this cell.
(2)
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(b) Calculate the maximum current that could be drawn from this cell if it was
accidentally short-circuited (its terminals connected together by a wire of
negligible resistance).
(1)
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(c) The cell is now connected to a resistor of resistance 10 . Calculate the
power dissipated in this resistor.
(3)
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2
Assessment 3.2
3 The diagram below shows a potential divider circuit. The battery has negligible
internal resistance.
(a) Calculate the reading that would be obtained if a high resistance (perfect)
voltmeter was connected across:
(i) AB
(1)
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(ii) BC
(1)
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(iii) AC
(1)
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(b) A second 200  resistor is connected in parallel with the first (across AB).
Calculate new values for:
(i) The potential difference across AB.
(3)
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(ii) The potential difference across BC.
(1)
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3
Assessment 3.2
4 State and explain the magnitude of current flowing between A and B in the
diagram below. Each resistor has a resistance of 10 .
(2)
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4
Assessment 4.1
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Fluids
1 Which of the statements below about a floating object is correct?

A The volume of liquid displaced by the object is equal to the volume of the
object.
B The density of the object is greater than the density of the liquid.
C The mass of liquid displaced is equal to the upthrust on the object.
D The weight of the liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the object.
Your answer
(1)
2 Stoke’s law for drag on a small sphere falling slowly through a viscous fluid is
F = 6πηrv. Which of the following is not an acceptable unit for viscosity, η?
A kgm−1s−1
B Ns
C Pa s
D Ns m−2
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 4.1
3 A student intends to carry out a falling ball method to determine the viscosity of
a viscous fluid. She sets up her apparatus as shown in the diagram below and
records the times for the ball to fall through each 5.0 cm distance.
(a) Sketch a graph to show how you would expect the velocity of the falling ball
bearing to change from the moment of release (at the surface) until it
reaches the bottom of the tube. Label the region in which the ball is falling at
terminal velocity.
(3)
(b) Explain in terms of the forces acting on the falling ball bearing why it
reaches a terminal velocity.
(3)
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(c) How can she tell from her measurements when the ball has reached
terminal velocity?
(1)
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2
Assessment 4.1
(d) She will also need to measure the diameter of the ball bearing. Suggest a
suitable measuring device in order to measure this accurately.
(1)
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(e) In her experiment, the time taken to fall 5.0 cm at terminal velocity was
4.00 s and the diameter of the ball was 1.60 mm. The density of steel is
8000 kg m−3. Calculate the viscosity of the fluid.
(3)
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(f) What must be assumed about the nature of the fluid flow in order to answer
part (e)?
(1)
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3
Assessment 4.1
4 The table below gives the densities of some common materials.
Material Density/kg m−3
Air (atm. pressure and temp.) 1.2
Water 1000
Zinc 7140
Copper 8920
(a) Estimate the mass of air in your physics laboratory.

(1)
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(b) Calculate the mass and weight of 500 cm3 of water.

(2)
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(c) Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. In a particular type of brass the ratio by
mass of copper to zinc is 90:10. Calculate the density of this brass alloy.
(3)
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4
Assessment 4.2
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Material properties
1 Two cables, X and Y, are made of the same type of steel but differ in length and
cross-section. Cable X has length l and diameter d and cable Y has length
d
2l and diameter . Which of the following statements is correct?
2
A The two cables will break with the same force.
B The two cables will break with the same stress.
C The two cables will break with the same extension.
D The two cables will break with the same load.
Your answer
(1)
2 A steel spring which obeys Hooke’s law extends by an amount e when a load W
is suspended from it. Two identical springs are connected in series and the
same load is suspended from them. By how much does this system of two
springs extend?
e
A
2
B e
C 2e
D It is not possible to say because the springs might have passed their limit of
proportionality.
Your answer
(1)
3 Which of the following is equal to the area under a stress versus strain graph?
A Breaking stress
B Work done
C Plastic deformation
D Energy per unit volume
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 4.2
4 The Young modulus is a measure of:

A Stiffness
B Hardness
C Strength
D Ductility
Your answer
(1)
5 The diagram below shows a stress–strain graph for a metal wire.
(a) Explain the difference between elastic and plastic deformation and identify a
region on the stress versus strain graph in which you would expect this
metal to exhibit each type of behaviour.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

2
Assessment 4.2
(b) Take measurements from the graph to estimate:

(i) The Young modulus.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(ii) The breaking stress.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(iii) Explain how it is possible for the strain to increase while the stress
falls.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

3
Assessment 4.2
6 The diagram below shows a load against extension graph for a car suspension
system.
(a) How can you tell from the graph that the suspension system obeys
Hooke’s law?
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) Calculate the spring constant for the suspension system.

(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(c) Calculate the energy stored in the springs when there is a load of 2500 N in
the vehicle.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

4
Assessment 5.1
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Basic waves
1 The speed of sound at sea level is 340 ms−1. Humans can hear sounds in the
range 20 Hz to 20 000 kHz.
(a) Calculate the wavelengths of sounds at 20 Hz and 20 000 kHz.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) A gun is fired from a ship lying 400 m from some cliffs. A sailor standing
close to the gun hears the gun fire and hears the echo from the cliffs a short
time later. Calculate the time between these two sounds being heard.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
2 Explain why it is impossible to hear an explosion in space but it is possible to

see it.
(4)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

1
Assessment 5.1
3 A microphone is connected to an oscilloscope. The diagram below shows an

oscilloscope trace obtained when the microphone detects sound from a
loudspeaker connected to a signal generator. The oscilloscope settings are
0.2 V cm−1 (y-axis) and 2.0 ms−1 cm (x-axis).
(a) What is the amplitude of this signal?

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) What is the frequency of this signal?

(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

2
Assessment 5.1
4 When an earthquake occurs P-waves (longitudinal) and S-waves (transverse)

are created at the epicentre of the quake and travel outwards in all directions at
different speeds. The P-waves have a speed of about 5.0 kms−1 and the S-
waves have a speed of about 3.5 kms−1. Seismic stations detect both types of
wave and measure the time interval between the arrival of the P-waves and
then the arrival of the S-waves.
(a) Use diagrams to explain the difference between longitudinal and transverse
waves.
(4)
(b) Calculate the time interval between the arrival of P- and S-waves at a
seismic station 200 km from the epicentre of the earthquake.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(c) Another station measures a time interval of 72 s between the arrival of the
P-waves and the S-waves. How far is this station from the epicentre of the
earthquake?
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
= 20 MARKS

3
Assessment 5.2
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 The behaviour of waves
1 The diagram below shows two sound waves displayed on an oscilloscope

screen. Which of the following gives the phase difference in degrees between
the two signals?
A 60°
B 90°
C 120°
D 180°
Your answer
(1)
2 The diagram below shows an experimental set-up used by a teacher to

demonstrate superposition effects. The two loudspeakers, S1 and S2, are
connected to the same signal generator so that they emit sound waves in phase
and of the same frequency and amplitude. The teacher moves a microphone
(at M) along line AB and displays the signal from the microphone on the
oscilloscope screen. The signal generator is set to a frequency of 680 Hz and
the speed of sound in the laboratory is 340 ms–1.
(a) Explain why the speakers are coherent sources.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................

1
Assessment 5.2
(b) (i) State the value of the path difference in metres for sounds reaching the
microphone when it is at M, as shown in the diagram.
(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Calculate the phase difference between the waves from S1 and S2 at M.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(iii) What do you conclude about the amplitude of sound at M? Explain your
answer.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(c) Describe and explain how the amplitude of the trace on the oscilloscope
would change as the teacher moved the microphone from M to B.
(5)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

2
Assessment 5.2
3 Microwaves inside a microwave oven can set up patterns of standing waves.

(a) Explain what is meant by a ‘standing wave’ and suggest how these might be
formed inside a microwave oven.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) When food is cooked in a microwave oven it is placed on a rotating plate.

Why is it important to rotate the food during cooking?
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
4 Which of the following statements about waves is incorrect?

A Sound waves can reflect and refract but they cannot be polarised.
B Low frequency sounds diffract more than high frequency sounds.
C All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum.
D It is impossible to set up a standing wave pattern with visible light.
Your answer
(1)

3
Assessment 5.2
5 A vertical polarising filter is set up in front of a source of unpolarised white light.

A second polarising filter is placed perpendicular to the first and slowly rotated
through 180°. Sketch a graph to show how the intensity of light transmitted
through the two filters varies with angle from 0° to 180°.
(2)

4
Assessment 5.3
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Optics
1 Which of the following optical devices is not based on refraction of light?

A Microscope
B Periscope
C Telescope
D Camera
Your answer
(1)
2 Which line of the table below states what happens to the speed, wavelength and
frequency of red light as it passes from glass into air?
Speed Wavelength Frequency

A reduces increases increases
B reduces reduces increases
C increases increases stays the same
D increases reduces stays the same
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 5.3
3 The diagram below shows a ray of red light approaching a rectangular glass
block. The refractive index of this type of glass for red light is 1.513 and the
speed of red light in air is 3.00  108 ms−1.
(a) Copy the diagram and complete it to show the path of the ray of red light as
it passes through the block of glass and exits on the far side.
(2)
(b) Calculate the angle of refraction as the ray enters the glass.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(c) Calculate the incident and refracted angles at the far side of the block as the
ray exits the block. Comment on your answer.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(d) Calculate the speed of red light in glass.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................

2
Assessment 5.3
(e) Blue light travels more slowly in glass than red light. How would this affect
the angles calculated in parts (b) and (c) above?
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
4 A small camera uses a thin converging lens to focus images onto a light
sensitive detector inside the camera. When the camera focuses on a distant
scene the distance from the lens to the detector is 4.0 cm.
(a) Calculate the power of the lens in dioptres.
(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) The camera focuses on objects at different distances by changing the

distance between the lens and the detector. How far must the lens be able
to move if it can focus on objects at any distance between 2.0 m and
infinity?
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

3
Assessment 5.3
5 The diagram below shows a ray of red light travelling along an optical fibre. This
particular fibre has a central core of refractive index 1.51 and a surrounding
cladding of refractive index 1.49 (for red light).
(a) Explain why the refractive index of the cladding must be less than the
refractive index of the core.
(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) Calculate the maximum value of the incident angle  at the core cladding
boundary at which the ray will remain in the core. State the name of this
angle.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

4
Assessment 5.4
EDEXCEL Physics Teacher Resource Pack 1 Quantum physics
1 Which of the following experiments provides evidence for the particle nature of
light?
A The diffraction of electrons as they pass through a layer of graphite
B The diffraction orders formed when light passes through a diffraction grating
C The ejection of photoelectrons from zinc when ultraviolet light falls on it
D The interference pattern formed in Young’s double slit experiment
Your answer
(1)
2 Which of the following characteristics of the photoelectric effect cannot be

explained by the wave theory of light?
A The rate of transfer of energy from light to the metal surface is proportional
to the intensity of the light source.
B Increasing the intensity of light above the threshold frequency increases the
rate of emission of photoelectrons.
C Increasing the intensity of light below the threshold frequency does not
result in the emission of photoelectrons.
D The intensity of the light can be varied independently of its frequency.
Your answer
(1)

1
Assessment 5.4
3 The table below gives the photoelectric work functions for several different
metals. The Planck constant h = 6.6  10−34 Js. The magnitude of charge on an
electron e = 1.6  10−19 C.
Metal Work function/eV
Potassium 2.2
Zinc 4.2
Iron 4.5
Silver 4.7
(a) Explain what is meant by the work function.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) Convert the work function for zinc to J.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................
(c) Which of the metals above has the highest threshold frequency? Explain
your answer.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

2
Assessment 5.4
(d) The diagram below shows an experimental arrangement used to measure

the stopping voltage for a photocell. This particular cell uses potassium as
the emitter and is illuminated by a source of yellow light of wavelength
590 nm.
(i) Calculate the energy of a photon of light of wavelength 420 nm. Give

your answer in both J and eV.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted from

potassium by light of wavelength 420 nm.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(iii) Calculate the stopping voltage for this experiment.

(1)
..............................................................................................................................................................

3
Assessment 5.4
4 The diagram below shows an experimental arrangement used to demonstrate

the diffraction of electrons.
(a) Sketch and describe the pattern seen on the fluorescent screen.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) State and explain how the pattern would change if the accelerating voltage
was increased.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

4
Assessment 5.4
5 The energy of the nth level of the hydrogen atom is given by the equation:
13.6 eV
En =
n2
(a) Calculate the energies of the n = 1 and n = 3 levels.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
(b) Calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted by hydrogen when
electrons jump from the n = 3 level down to the n = 1 level.
(3)
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

5

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Assessment 1.1.

Units and equations

(b) Show that your answer to (a) is equivalent to the Pa s.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

4 (a) Explain what is meant by a base unit.

(b) Explain what is meant by a derived unit.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

5 (a) Show that 1 Nm is equivalent to 1 VC.

(b) Express the ohm in SI base units.

6 (a) Calculate the electrical energy transferred by a 50 mW generator operating

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

(b) Calculate the cross-sectional area of a copper wire of diameter 250 μm.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

8 Give an order of magnitude estimate in SI units for each of the following

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

(b) The power output of a nuclear power station

(c) The kinetic energy of a car travelling along a motorway

(d) The momentum of a diving seagull

(e) The number of blades of grass on a football pitch

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 41 MARKS

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

1 Estimate the number of atoms in your body.

2 Estimate the number of atoms in a £1 coin.

3 Estimate the number of molecules in the Earth’s atmosphere.

4 Estimate the total electrical energy that can be delivered by an AA cell.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

6 Estimate the drag on a car travelling at 30 ms−1 along a straight road.

7 Estimate the power output of a cyclist travelling at 15 ms−1.

8 Estimate the mass of air inside a cathedral.

11 Estimate the breaking stress for a human hair.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

12 Estimate the mass of the Earth.

14 Estimate the volume of an elephant.

17 Estimate the thickness of a sheet of printer paper.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

18 Estimate the spring constant for a car’s suspension.

20 Estimate the drift velocity of electrons through the filament of a torch.

1 How many golf balls fit in a suitcase?

2 Estimate the speed of a bee’s wingtip in flight.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

5 Estimate the power output of the Sun.

6 Estimate the number of dimples on a golf ball.

7 How long would it take a snail to complete a 100 m race?

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

11 What is the minimum diameter of parachute needed to allow a human to land

13 How many words are there in an English version of the Bible?

15 How many petrol stations are there in the UK?

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

16 How many ants live in an ant colony?

17 What is the speed of the Moon?

18 Would it be possible for an ant the size of an elephant to evolve on Earth?

20 How many car mechanics are there in Manchester?

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

1 Which of the following is a vector?

Distance/m Average speed/ms−1 Acceleration/ms−2

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

Which of the equations below is correct?

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

4 A uniform metre ruler can be balanced horizontally by placing a 100 g mass on

What is the mass of the metre ruler?

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015

(c) (i) Calculate the acceleration during the first 10 s.

© Pearson Education Ltd 2015