1.

0 Detailed design of 16 span Minor bridge

1.1 Basis
Basic design criteria have been prepared with a view to satisfy all the relevant technical
requirements specified in the contract.

1.2 Structure Description

The Bridge consists of four span simply supported RCC superstructure of span 15m c/c
over RCC Pier & abutments..

1.3 Material :
a) Grades of concrete are as follows:
i) Foundation :C30
ii) Substructure :C30
iii) Superstructure :C30
iv) Pedestal, crash barrier :C40
b) Grade of Reinforcement :Fe-460

1.4 LOADS :
a) Unit Weight of Materials :
i) Unit weight of PSC super structure = 25.0 KN/m3
ii) Unit weight of RCC substructure & foundation = 25.0 KN/m3
iii) Unit weight of Structural steel = 78.5 KN/m3
iv) Unit weight of Wearing course = 22.0 KN/m3
v) Unit weight of Earth = 20.0 KN/m3

b) Dead Load (DL) :

Self weight of RCC-T-girder and RCC deck have been considered for design of superstructure.
In addition of self weight of superstructure, self weight of substructure & foundation have
also been considered in design of substructure & foundation respectively.

c)Super Imposed Dead Load (SIDL) :

Weight of wearing course, crash barriers have been calculated.

d) Live Load (LL) :

As per BS:5400 Part-2 :2006, Live loads on three lane carriageway superstructure are as follows:
i) Single lane of HB Load
or ii) Single lane of HA Load
or iii)Three lane HA , whichever governs
ii) HA+HB Load

e) Braking Force (FB)

Braking shall be calculated as per BS-5400 Part-2 , 2006

f) Centrifugal Force (CF)

The centrifugal forces shall be determined from the following equation:
C = 40000/r+150
C = Centrifugal force acting normal to the traffic.
r = Radius of Curvature (meters)
 g) Earth Pressure (EP) :
Value of f for backfill = 35deg
Value of d of backfill = 22.5 deg
Active earth pressure Co-efficient shall be calculated as per Coulomb’s formula.

h) Temperature Load (TL)

For simply support span, force due to temperature rise & fall need not be considered.

i) Temperature Gradient (TG)

Stress due to temperature gradient along depth of superstructure shall be calculated as per BS-5400 Part -2 , 2006

j) Load Combination (LC)

As per Annex B of BS-5400 Part-2 , 2006, the following load combination shall be considered for design
Load Combination - Ultimate limit state
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
2) Dead load +SIDL+ Earth Pressure
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead) +Earth Pressure

Earth Earth
Load
DL SIDL Live load Pressure Pressure
Case
Vertical Lateral

1 1.15 1.75 1.5

2 1.15 1.75 1.2
3 1.15 1.75 1.5
4 1.15 1.75 1.3 1.2
5 1.15 1.75 1.5 1.5
6 1.15 1.75 1.3 1.2 1.5

Load Combination for (SL1)

1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
2) Dead load +SIDL+ Earth Pressure
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead) +Earth Pressure+Temp
Load Earth Temperat
DL SIDL Live load
Case Pressure ure

1(a) 1 1.2 1
1(b) 1 1.2 1 1
2 (a) 1 1.2 1 1 1
2 (b) 1 1.2 1

1.5 Arrangement
RCC superstructure of span 11.0m c/c over RCC abutments & Pier on RCC Open foundation have been proposed.
For three lane bridge with footpath, total width of carriageway is 7.55m and total width of deck slab
(incl. two nos. crash barrier ) is 11.4m. 4nos. RCC girders are placed on Elastomeric bearing.

1.6 Analysis
Dead load analyses, ultimate capacity and stress calculation of sections have been done by excel spreadsheet
prepared in-house. SIDL, Live load have been done by STAAD PRO. Calculation of deflection has been done
by STAAD PRO. Forces & moment and design of abutment & its foundations have been done by excel spreadsheet.
1.7 Construction Methodology
Foundation
Before casting of RCC open foundation for abutment A1 , foundation trench shall be excavated with
proper shoring to avoid collapse or slip circle failure. Open foundation shall be placed on firm rock bed.
If any unsuitable material on foundation level or any loose pockets are observed on foundation level, the
same shall be removed /replaced by the PCC C15. RCC cast-in-situ foundation for both abutments shall be
laid over 100thk PCC C15 levelling course.

Substructure
RCC cast-in-situ abutment & abutment cap shall be cast over open foundation. The pedestal & dirt wall shall
be cast over abutment cap. Elastomeric bearing shall be placed over pedestal before erection of RCC girder.

Superstructure
All RCC precast girders shall be cast at casting bed with proper reinforcement & shear connectors. After
28 days of casting of precast girders, all Precast Girders shall be erected at bearing locations and
Deck slab & X-Girder shall be cast over necessary shuttering erecting from precast girders. After 28 days
casting of Deck Slab, SIDL shall be laid after removing of all shuttering material.

1.8 Reference codes & books

1) BS: 5400-part-2:2006
2) BS: 5400-part-4:1900
3) BS: 8110-part-3:1985