Qualitative &

Quantitative
[MBSM (SMESTER 2)]
Research
College of statistical and actuarial science.
Methods

2nd April 2020

Name : Nabeel Ahmad

Roll No: 1116-19

Submitted To:

MAM HUMA SHAKEEL

RANDOM SAMPLING:
A simple random sample is a subset of a statistical population in which each member of the
subset has an equal probability of being chosen. A simple random sample is meant to be an
unbiased representation of a group.

FOR EXAMPLE:

The names of 25 employees being chosen out of a hat from a company of 250 employees. In
this case, the population is all 250 employees, and the sample is random because each
employee has an equal chance of being chosen.

SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING:
Systematic sampling is a type of probability sampling method in which sample members from
a larger population are selected according to a random starting point but with a fixed, periodic
interval (the sampling interval) because of its simplicity systematic sampling is popular with
researchers.

FOR EXAMPLE:

In a population of 10,000 people, a statistician selects every 100th person for sampling. The
sampling intervals can also be systematic, such as choosing a new sample to draw from
every 12 hours.

STRATIFIED SAMPLING:
Stratified random sampling is a method of sampling that involves the division of a population
into smaller sub-groups known as strata. In stratified random sampling  or stratification, the
strata are formed based on members' shared attributes or characteristics such as income or
educational attainment.Stratified random sampling is also called proportional random
sampling or quota random sampling.

FOR EXAMPLE:

One might divide a sample of adults into subgroups by age, like 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59,
and 60 and above. To stratify this sample, the researcher would then randomly select
proportional amounts of people from each age group.

CLUSTER SAMPLING:
When natural groups are present in a population. The whole population is subdivided into clusters, or
groups, and random samples are then collected from each group.

A researcher wants to survey academic performance of high school students in Spain. He can divide
the entire population (population of Spain) into different clusters (cities).