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The Impact of Time Management on the Grade 11 Students’

Academic Performance

A Research Proposal presented to the Faculty of San Guillermo Academy

in Partial fulfillment of the requirements in Practical Research 2

By:

Atienza, Ranz Jaisalh D.

Caringal, Gwyneth R.

Francisco, Shello Juvelle C.

Submitted To:

Faye Bernadette Guevara

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

            Time considered as a rare source and it must be utilized well, for humans;

the passed time definitely not to be regained or retrieved. Time is a limited source

if people do not arrange their missions with time, and it is important in our

lives,both at the practical and educational domains. Good Time Management is

essential if us to handle a heavy workload without excessive stress. By using

Time Management skill effectively, we can reduce work stress by being more in

control of our time, by being more productive. This ensures that us to relax

outside work. The central shift of attitude with in Time Management is to

concentrate on results, not on activity.

         In  the modern  world, time is  seen as  an indefinitely divisible  and usable 

commodity.  It helps  to infuse the concept of time through the institution. All the

material and human resources possessed by organizations can be enhanced in the

course of time or be transformed as time goes on; yet the only asset that cannot be

changed or purchased or stored is time itself. The secret to achieving success in

life is effectively managing this resource that  everyone  possesses  equally  and 

paying  sufficient  emphasis  to  planning.

               Time management constitutes one of the most traditional topics in the

field of learning and study strategies, occupying a central position in the courses

and numerous handbooks on study skills. As one of the most frequent complaints

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made by students about assigned to them in the different academic areas, both in

high school as well as in college. The students usually point out that there are

many classes, projects, reading assignments, exam preparations and etc. that

require constant dedication over a long period of time. 

            Time Management is the making of a plan or schedule of activities with

controlled and limited time. It helps to be more efficient, effective and productive

not only in our activities but also each individual. The various methods, systems,

and processes of Time Management can help to accomplish the projects, assigned

tasks and goals. Make sure the activities are prioritized so that you can make the

most of your free time.

       Time Management plays a vital role in improving a student's academic

performance and achievements. Each and every  student  should  have  time 

management  ability  which  includes  setting  goals  &  priorities,  using  time

management mechanisms and  being organized  in using time. Here time 

management is only possible  through self-motivation; performance, ability and

motivation. Time management is the process of planning and controlling over the

amount of time spent on specific activities to increase  effectiveness or efficiency

of work. We can say time management means deciding the priorities of the work.

              Time Management has a positive impact on academic performance.

Academic success, has on another perspective, a positive impact on motivation

(generating motives) and on work time (which will be shorter if the tasks aims

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rapidity, and longer if the tasks is complex and requires continuous effort)

performance (Elena-Simona Indreicaa et. al, 2011)

           The term “Time Management” became familiar in the 1950’s and 1960’s

as referring to a tool to help managers make better use of available time. The

concept of time management comes from Frederick Winslow Taylor for early

analysis of motion and time studies of workers with the purpose to reduce

unproductive work tasks and time wasting. Time management is self-management

with an explicit focus on time in deciding what to do; on how much time to

allocate to activities; on how activities can be done more efficiently and on when

the time is right for particular activities. defined time management as

“behaviours” that aim to achieve an effective use of time while performing certain

goal-directed activities. Students often complain that they do not have enough

time to complete all the tasks assigned to them. In trying to read all the books and

chapters assigned, meet paper deadlines, and participate in extracurricular

activities, university students may become overwhelmed with feelings that there

is not enough time to complete all their work adequately. Besides that, a

university environment's flexibility and freedom can derail students who have not

mastered time management skills. Effective Time Management necessitates a

sense of balance. Either extreme along the Time Management skill continuum can

be problematic. On one hand, perfect Time Management skill do not make one a

perfect student or employee. It is possible to excess time, such that one is so

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wrapped up in the minutiae (precious details) that meaningful tasks are not

accomplished.

       Many students today have difficulty with the state of their studies. Probably

confused as to what should be prioritized in school activities or in other words a

problem in organizing activities. Personal activities and preferences may be

ignored or limited due to the need to finish school activities. Apart from this,

some students also feel stress and fatigue that can lead to illness. Not only

students can be affected by this situation but also parents who are concerned

about their children and lacking friendships. in the organization. This problem

occurs not only among students but also among employers, leaders of institutions

and organizations and our own parents. There is no one right way to manage our

time; however; it is important to get to know our self, so we can make good

decisions about how to use our time. Likewise, in the process of providing

educational services this issue has been a subject  of interest  discussed and 

emphasized  in several platforms and  an attempt  has been initiated to assess and

analyze time and the time management attitudes and behaviors of students in

educational institutes (Denlinger, 2009). 

Conceptual Framework

      Gerald (2002) has defined time management as the art of arranging,

organizing, scheduling and budgeting one’s time for the purpose of generating

more effectiveness in both work and productivity

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   Academic performance refers to ways students deal with teachers. This is

evaluated through the use of measures and or indicators like numerical grades in

examination level of participation in classroom activities. In some instances, this

could be an indicator of a student's previous learning as well as predictors of

future success of the students. (Virtus, 2011)

          Figure 1 shows the conceptual paradigm of the study. The box at the left

represents how the grade 11 students of San Guillermo Academy, manage their

time, which signifies their level of time management. The box at the right

represents the academic performance of grade 11 students and the third box

represents the desired product of the study, Developing Time Management

Activities. The first and the second box are the inputs of the study and the third

box is the output of the study.

     

Figure 1

    Research Paradigm

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to come up with great knowledge to let teachers know about

the impact of Time Management on the Grade 11 Students' Academic Performance 

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1.    What are the respondents profile?

1.1  Gender

1.2 Age 

1.3  Strand

2. As assessed by the respondents, how does time management affect their

academic performance?

 3. Is there a significant relationship with how time management affects the

academic performance of the respondents when grouped according to their

demographic profile?

4. Based on the findings, what measures can the researchers recommend to time

management to academic performance?

Hypothesis

         On the basis of the above-mentioned research questions, the null hypothesis was

formulated:

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Ho: There is no significant relationship between the level of time management and

the academic performance of the students.

Scope, Limitations and Delimitations of the Study

         This study focused on the level of time management of grade 11 students of San

Guillermo Academy and their academic performance as the basis for Developing Time

Management activities. This study involved the total population of Grade 11 students

enrolled in San Guillermo Academy school year 2020-2021. 

       The researchers considered the Grade 11 students as the respondents of the study

because they are new to the courses they are taking now that they are already in Senior

High, not like when they are in Junior High that the subjects are just the same. There

were 49 respondents in this study. A standardized test was utilized to measure time

management of the respondents. On the other hand, data for the academic performance of

the respondents are based on their final grade. 

        The study focused only on how the grade 11 students manage their time while doing

a certain tasks. Any query that is not related to the topic or questions that is beyond the

scope of the study will not be utilized.

Significance of the Study

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The findings of the study will allow the school administrators, teachers, the students,

parents and future researchers to make them realize the relevance of knowing this

particular study. 

School Administrators. It will be useful for school heads to understand the importance

of teaching students time management skills. 

Teachers. Help the students to practice their time management skills

Students. Students themselves will no longer suffer from lack of time management

skills; students will use the findings to reflect on their studying and use it in the future. 

Parents. They can help the teachers to help their child  practice time management skills,

not only in school, but in house also. 

Future Researchers. The results of this study will guide them further validate their

future study.  

Definition of Terms

To enhance understanding of the following technical terms, the researchers defined these

terms theoretically and operationally.

Academic Performance. It tells how well the students were set out by the local

government or the institution itself (Cabral et. al, 2012). 

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Time Management. The process of organizing and planning how to divide your time

between specific activities. Good time management enables you to work smarter – not

harder – so that you get more done in less time, even when time is tight and pressures are

high. (https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_00.htm) 

Standardized Test. Any form of test that (1) requires all test takers to answer the same

questions, or a selection of questions from common bank of questions, in the same way,

and that (2) is scored in a “standard” or consistent manner, which makes it possible to

compare the relative performance of individual students or groups of students. 

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CHAPTER II

This chapter contains the review the literature and studies that serve as the basis

of the study which give an additional insights and substance to the problem presented for

investigation.

RELATED LITERATURE

This literature was reviewed by the researchers, congregate in books, journals and

internet had crucial information that reinforced the finding of this study.

FOREIGN

There are various studies that link time management to students’ academic

performance. For instance, proper time management positively correlates to better

academic performance (Sevari and Kandy, 2011; Adebayo, 2015; Kearns and

Gardiner; 2007; Kaushar, 2013). There are several factors that can be considered to

demonstrate time management. The study of Nashrullah and and Khan (2015)

identified time management variables to include planning (Short-range and long-

range), time attitude as independent variables linking to the students’ academic

performance. Findings showed that time management variables such as short-range,

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long-range and time attitude are significantly correlated to students’ academic

achievement. Another study also posits the time management variables to include

independent variables such as prioritization, procrastination, socialization and

students’ academic performance (Adebayo, 2015).

Specifically, his study claimed that there is positive relationship between time

management factors such as prioritization, procrastination, socialization and the

students academic performance. Further implications of the results suggest that

students should prioritize their tasks, less procrastination in responding to deadlines

and in taking examinations and moderate socialization activities. Karim, et. al, (2015)

also links time management factors to include students attitudes and behavior on time

and management. The various group of students who exploited time-saving proficiencies

notably had rich academic achievement. They accomplished those students who do not

use time saving techniques in their educational surrounding having significantly

lower academic as compared to results students who employ time-management tactics

have considerably higher achievement (Mercanlioglu, 2010).

LOCAL

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