UNIT 1 FAMILY LIFE

PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS

2.1. The present simple
2.1.1 Form
+) S + V(s/ es) He goes to work.
-) S + do/does not + V He does not go to work.
?) Do/Does + S + V? Does he go to work?
* Notes:
Đổi với thể khẳng định, ta thêm -s hoặc -es vào sau động từ khỉ chủ ngữ ở ngôi
thứ 3 số ít (She, He, It, My father, Her cousin, ...).
Ví dụ: He goes to school, She brushes her teeth, My father works in a factory ...
* Quy tắc thêm -s/es:
+) Ta thêm -es vào sau các động từ tận cùng là o, s, ss, ch, sh, x: do —> does,
focus —> focuses, discuss —> discusses, watch —> watches, finish —> finishes ...
+) Với các động từ tận cùng là y và trước y là phụ âm, ta đổi y thành —ies: try —>
tries, carry —> carries ...
+) Với đa số các động còn lại ta thêm —s vào sau động từ: learn —> learns,
prepare —> prepares, cook —> cooks ...
2.1.2. Use: Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để nói về:
- Thói quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại.
e.g. I prepare dinner quite early most days.
(Hầu hết mọi ngày tôi đều chuàn bị bữa tối khá sớm)
He goes to work every week.
(Anh ây đi làm mỗi tuần)
- Những tình huống ổn định, lâu dài.
e.g. I have a villa in Hanoi.
(Tôi có một căn biệt thự ở Hà Nội)
My sister works in a big company.
(Chị gái tôi làm việc cho một công ty lớn)
- Chân lý hoặc thực tế.
e.g. Monkeys do not live in water.
(Khỉ không sống dưới nước)
If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.
(Nếu bạn đun nước đến 100 độ c, nó sẽ sôi)
- Ngoài ra thì hiện tại đơn còn được dùng đe kể chuyện, các bộ phim, kịch,
hoặc các cuốn sách.
e.g. In "Tom and Jerry", Tom and Jerry live in the same house. (Trong phim hoọt
hình "Tom và Jerry", Tom và Jerry sống trong cùng một ngôi nhà)
* Note:
Các từ chỉ thời gian dùng với thì hiện tại đơn: always, usually, often, sometimes,
normally, every day, every week, rarely ...
2. The present continuous
2.1 Form:
+) S + am/is/are + V- ing They are watching TV.
-) S + am/is/are not + V-ing They are not watching TV.
?) Am/Is/Are +S + V-ing? Are they watching TV?
2.2. Use: Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn được dùng để nóỉ về:
- Hành động đang xảy ra ngay tại thời điêm nói.
E.g. You are holding my hand.
(Bọn đang cầm tay tôi)
Be quiet! I am listening to English.
(Trật tự đi. Mình đang nghe Tiếng Anh)
- Tình huống tạm thời.
E.g. My teacher is living in Singapore now. He will come back Vietnam soon.
(Thầy giáo của tôi hiện đang sống ở Singapo. Thầy sẽ quay về Việt Nam sớm)
I am not working at the moment.
(Hiện tại tôi không làm việc)
- Xu thế hoặc tình huống đang thay đối.
e.g. The price of milk is rising sharply.
(Giá sữa đang tăng mạnh)
- Ngoài ra thì hiện tại tiếp diễn còn dùng để chỉ trích, phàn nàn về các thói
quen xấu gây khó chịu cho người khác.
e.g. He is always playing truant.
(Cậu ấy luôn luôn trốn học)
* Note:
Các từ chỉ thời gian đi với thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: now, right now, at present, at the
moment, currently, this week/month/year...

PART II. PRACTICE

2. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. His mom …………………. the laundry at 8 every evening. (do)
2. At the moment, he …………………. his favorite film on Channel 5. (watch)
3. Every day, Jane ……………….the dishes but today James ………………….the
washing - up.
4. We divide the duties in our family. I ………………….(cook), my husband
…………………(help) with heavy lifting, and my daughter ………………….(take out) the
rubbish.
5. When everyone works together on household chores, it ………………….(create) a
positive atmosphere for the family.
6. This shop usually ………………….(offer) the same discount every month.
7. “What he…………………(do)." - “He ………………….(try) to fix the computer.”
8. The number of people who are homeless ……………….(decrease) dramatically this
quarter.
9. My brother - in - law ………………….( possess) 3 restaurants in Ho Chi Minh City.
10. Her parents normally ………………….(travel) by plane, but this holiday they
…………………. (travel) by train.
4. Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.
1. What are you doing to your sister when she behaves badly?
2. I always have my lunch late, but I have my lunch early today as I have an
appointment.
3. I am doing the laundry at the same time every week.
4. Linda is going shopping when she has time.
5. Peter works hard to get the presentation ready for next week.

PART III: TEST YOURSELF

1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.

breadwinner groceries washing – up sociable laundry

enormous for homemaker shares chores

1. A _____________ is a person who manages a home and often raises children

instead of earning money from a job.
2. A _____________ is the member of a family who earns the money that the family
needs. 
3. In a food store, shop or supermarket, you can buy a lot of _____________ such as
food and clothes.
4. There are a lot of dirty clothes and sheets in Tom’s room, so it’s time for him to do his
_______
5. Traditionally, girls have to do ____________ which consists of cleaning plates, pans,
glasses, forks, etc. after a meal.
6. When I’ve done my _______________ which involve cleaning the floor and washing
the curtain, I will go out with my friends.
7. In my family, everyone ______________ the household duties. My mother cooks, my
father cleans, my sister does all the laundry and I do the washing - up.
8. In many cultures, a father is the breadwinner, who is responsible _______ the family
finances.
9. A variety of people do not realize the ______________ benefits of joining hands to do
housework in a family.
10. At school, Jack is very ________________ with his teachers and friends. He likes
to meet and spend time with them.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the right.

1. vulnerable a. being of equal weight or force

2. nurture b. consisting of three or even four generations
3. extended family c. needing effort and energy to move
4. heavy lifting d. taking care of, feeding and protecting
5. balance e. easy to be hurt
3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. To be fair, we need to divide the tasks …………………. (equal)
2. My mom and dad are checking the ……………….for their gold wedding anniversary.
(prepare)
3. Heavy lifting is an action which requires ………………….strength, (physic)
4. It is good for them as individuals and good for all the ………………….within the
family. (relate)
5. ………………….say that a lot of young people are not aware of these advantages.
(Psychology)
6. Her ………………….to the company is enormous, (contribute)
7. In order to maintain peace, we should not be ………………….of each other, (criticize)
8. I want to see the very cute and lovely children at ………………….schools, (nurse)
9. Mary and her husband always join hands in ………………….their daughters,
(educate)
10. A person will be considered ………………….if he or she does not take good care of
his or her parents or grandparents. (grate)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. Women whose husbands do not contribute to household chores are more
vulnerable to illness. The underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. happy B. easy to be hurt C. hard D. friendly
2. Tom: “Which of the chores do you dislike doing the most?” - Jerry: “
_________________”
A. I like cooking and sweeping the floor. B. I do the laundry, cook and wash the
dishes.
C. Well, my favorite activity is doing the washing - up.
D. Washing the dishes, because I often break things when I do the washing - up.
3. As a housewife, she stays at home and _________ her children. She takes care of
them, feeds them and protects them to develop.
A. nurtures B. nurture C. nature D. natures
4. It is unfair to state that a woman’s job is to look ______ everyone in the family and
takes care ______ the house.
A. in - on B. after - in C. of - of D. after - of
5. “The lecturer splits the students into four groups” has the closest meaning to:
A. The lecturer divides the students into four groups.
B. The lecturer divided the students into four groups.
C. The lecturer goes into four groups of students.
D. The lecturer went into four groups of students.
6. “They equally share the parenting” has the closest meaning to:
A. They are all unemployed.
B. They take care of each other.
C. They come back home at the same time.
D. They share the housework and childcare evenly.
7. ___________ is the state where things are of equal weight or force.
A. Balance B. Changing C. Moving D. Importance
8. David’s part - time job requires a lot of ___________Therefore, he usually carries the
boxes weighing up to 50 kilos and he needs effort and energy to move them.
A. light lifting B. easy carrying C. heavy lifting D. simple chores
9. According to a survey, a lot of young people prefer to live in ________ families which
consist of parents and children.
A. nuclear B. extended C. three generation D. four generation
10. The _________ family, which consists of three or even four generations is only
popular in some regions today.
A. nuclear B. extended C. intended D. small
11. I can’t answer the phone now. I _______ dinner.
A. cook B. cooking C. am cooking D. cooks
12. Excuse me, _________ you _______ your newspaper? Could I borrow it?
A. are - read B. are - reading C. do - reading D. do - read
13. My mum usually __________ the washing - up.
A. do B. doing C. is doing D. does
14. I am afraid he can’t go out with you right now. He _________ his car.
A. repair B. repairs C. repairing D. is repairing
15. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. cereal B. critical C. create D. crack
16. We ____________ how to use energy more efficiently now than in the past.
A. knows B. are knowing C. knowing D. know
17. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
As the air is rising (A), it becomes cooler (B) and the water vapor inside it (C) changes
into droplets of water (D).
18. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
From (A) the graphs, we can see (B) that the number of employees employed (C) by
this firm increases (D) each year.
19. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. cook B. December C. decide D. cereal
20. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
I wear (A) casual clothes because we (B)are having a (C) party at (D) lunchtime.
5. Rearrange the words/phrases to make meaningful sentences.
1. is / at the moment. / The / improving / financial / company’s / situation /
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. want/ the / Be / to / quiet! / hear / I / news.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. retiring / Linda / is / of / thinking / early / she/ anymore./ because / isn’t / happy / at
work /
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. of / The / wild / number / falling./ butterflies / is
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. oil supplies / Some experts / say / will / the next 20 years./ start / to fall / within / that /
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.

Todays _______ (1) for measurable childhood success-from the Common Core to
college placement-have chased ________ (2) chores from the to-do lists of many young
people. In a survey of 1,001 U.S. adults released last fall by Braun Research, 82%
reported having regular chores growing up, but only 28% said that they require their
own children to do them. With students _________ (3) pressure to learn Mandarin, run
the chess club or get a varsity letter, chores have fallen victim to the imperatives of
resume-build- ing-though it is hardly clear that such activities are a better use of their
time.
“Parents today want their kids spending time on things that can bring ________ (4)
success, but ironically, we’ve stopped doing one thing that’s actually been a proven
predictor of success-and that’s household chores,” says Richard Rende, a
developmental psychologist in Paradise Valley, Ariz., and co-author of the forthcoming
book “Raising Can-Do Kids.” Decades of studies _______ (5) the benefits of chores-
academically, emotionally and even professionally.
By JENNIFER BREHENY WALLACE

1. A. demand B. demands C. interest D. interests

2. A. household B. social C. breadwinner D. society
3. A. on B. for C.of D. under
4. A. him B. it C. them D. they
5. A. show B. showing C. shows D. is showing

6. How many percent of U.S. adults require their own children to do household chores?
A 82 B. 28 C. 100 D. 54
7. What do parents today want their kids to spend time on?
A. things that can bring them success B. things that they can C. leisure D.
sports

UNIT 2 YOUR BODY AND YOU

PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS

2.1. The simple future: will
2.1.1. Form:
+) s + will + V They will buy a house.
-) s + will not + V We will not buy a house.
?) Will + s + V? Will he buy a house?
Contractions: won’t = will not, 'll = will
2.1.2. Use: Thì tương lai đơn được dùng để nói về:
> Một phỏng đoán về tương lai dựa trên quan điểm cá nhân.
e.g. I think it will rain heavily tomorrow.
(Tôi nghĩ ngày mai trời sẽ mưa lớn)
I guess he will take part in that competition.
(Mình đoán bạn âý sẽ tham gia cuộc thi đó)
> Các sự kiện mang tính tập thể trong tương lai.
e.g. Our football team will play five matches next month.
(Tháng tới đội bóng của chúng ta sẽ chơi năm trận)
> Quyết định được đưa ra ngay tại thời điểm nói.
e.g. Tom: Do you know any information about this course?
Peter: No, I don’t. Look! It sounds interesting. I’ll enroll it this afternoon.
(Tom: Bọn có biết thông tin về khóa học này không?
Peter: Mình không biết. Hãy nhìn này. Nó có vẻ hay đó. Mình sẽ đăng kí khóa học này
chiểu nay)
> Lời hứa hoặc lời đề nghị.
e.g. Don’t worry. I’ll repair your car.
(Đừng lo. Tôi sẽ sửa xe cho anh)
I’ll give you a lift back to the town when I finish my work.
(Tôi sẽ cho bạn đi nhờ xe về thành phố khi tôi làm xong việc)
* Note: Các từ chỉ thời gian dùng với thì tương lai đơn: tonight, tomorrow, next week,
next month, next year, when + thì hiện tại đơn ...
2.2. The near future: be going to
2.2.1. Form:
+) s + am/is/are + going to + V We are going to decorate our house.
-) s + am/is/are not + going to + V We are not going to decorate our house.
?) Am/Is/Are +s + going to + V? Are you going to decorate your house?
2.2.2. Use: Thì tương lai gẩn được dùng để nói về:
> Một phỏng đoán về tương lai dựa trên cơ sở thực tế.
e.g. The sky is extremely dark. It is going to rain heavily.
(Bầu trời rất tối. Trời sắp mưa lớn rồi)
> Quyết định đã được đưa ra trước thời điểm nói.
e.g. Tom: Do you know any information about this course?
Peter: Yes, I do. I am going to enroll it this afternoon.
(Tom: Bạn có biết thông tin về khóa học này không?
Peter: Mình biết. Mình sẽ đàng kí khóa học này chiều nay)
* Note: Các từ chỉ thời gian dùng với thì tương lai gần: tonight, tomorrow, next week,
next month, next year...
2.3. The passive voice
2.3.1. Form: be + past participle
+) HTD: am/is/are + past participle A house is built
+) QKD: were/was + past participle A house was built
+) HTTD: am/is/are + being + past participle A house is being built
+) QKTD: were/was + being + past participle A house was being built
+) HTHT: have/has + been + past participle A house has been built
+) QKHT: had + been + past participle A house had been built
+) will/should/can/could/must + be + past participle A house will be built
* Note: place + by agent + time
e.g. A party was organized in this house by a group of students last year.

PART II. PRACTICE

2. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I guess I (finish) …………………. my assignment for this semester on time.
2. They have bought a couple of tickets and they (see) …………their favorite film at the
cinema.
3. Ana: Do you know that John has been in hospital?
~ Jessica: No, I don’t. I (visit) …………………. him tomorrow.
4. Mai: This bag is too heavy! ~ Nam: Don’t worry. I (carry) …………………. it for you.
5. I think that the number of people who are homeless (decrease) ………………….
dramatically next quarter.
6. The same discount (offer) …………………. by this shop every month.
7. Human body (support) …………………. by a spine.
8. A box full of chocolate (send) …………………. to him yesterday.
9. More than 10 pages (type…………………. so far.
10. Every day, the dishes (wash)…………………. by Jane but today the washing - up
(do)…………………. by James.

4.Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.

1. As planned, we will drive from our city to the sea.
2. Look at the clouds. It will rain.
3. 17 muscles are use when we smile or frown.
4. The house is built 10 years ago.
5. The heart can said to be the most sophisticated and efficient pump as it runs without
rest for one’s whole life.
PART III: TEST YOURSELF
1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.
consumed asleep boost spoil supported
hanging out prevent balance pumps sleeplessness

1. This helps you both protect your respiratory system and some _____________
diseases like lung cancer.
2. If you abuse too much coffee, you can’t ___________ your brain’s memory
functions.
3. The heart _______________ blood through the blood vessels to bring oxygen to all
parts of the body.
4. Our body is ____________ by the skeletal system which is made up of our bones.
5. Many people don’t know that the same amount of power as a 10-watt light bulb is
__________ by the brain.
6. It is believed that the ___________ between yin and yang is well known in Asian
countries.
7. You should be aware that _____________ with friends i one of the good ways for
you to be motivated.
8. Onions and garlic are 2 types of food which _________ your breath for days after a
meal.
9. In some cases, taking medicine can help you fall ______________
10. A lot of people agree that ________________ is caused by using caffeine
containing food.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the right.
1. acupuncture a. an unpleasant effect of a drug
2. allergy b. inserting fine needles in the skin at the specific points
3. healing capability c. reason(s) for believing that something is or is not true
4. evidence d. a response by the body to the substance like food or
pollen
5. side effect e. the ability of the body to recover
3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. _________system of the body is made up of our bones. It supports our body and
protects our organs, (skeleton)
2. Food is broken by the _________system and turned into energy, (digest)
3. Acupuncture is one of the oldest _________treatments in the world, (medicine)
4. The recipe for this dish _________in Japan a long time ago. (origin)
5. The practice of acupuncture involves placing hair-thin needles in _________pressure
points throughout the body. (vary)
6. _________, there were 365 acupoints, but this has increased to more than 2000
nowadays. (origin)
7. People who are taking blood related medicine should not have the _________ (treat)
8. Exercising regularly is a powerful weapon to enhance _________well-being.
(psychology)
9. It has been _________proved that fasting has tremendous health benefits, (science)
10. Although there are _________questions, acupuncture appears to work. (answer)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. Nowadays, there is estimated to be more than 2000 _________throughout the
human body. The underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. stress B. pressure points C. paints D. lines
2. Tom: “Do you know what the saying “kick a habit” means?” - Jerry: " ________"
A. Wow, she has a good habit. B. I think it has the same meaning to getting rid of a
habit.
C. I don’t mean that. D. Are you kidding?
3. I have been given 10 tricks to get rid of my bad habits and _______ them with healthy
ones.
A. replace B . keep C . nurture D. raise
4. The digestive system lets us break down the food we eat and turn it ______ energy.
A. on B. after C. of D. into
5. “The lecturer splits the students into four groups.” has the closest meaning to:
A. The students are divided into four groups. B. The lecturer divided the students into
four groups
C. The lecturer is split into four groups of students D. The lecturer went into four groups
of students
6. In the past, it was misunderstood that inner body parts were _________ by the fine
needles in practicing acupuncture.
A. touch B. rush C. touched D. rushed
7. The _________ system controls the movement and emotion of our body.
A. nerve B. nervous C. circulate D. generous
8. The heart and blood vessels are parts of the __________ system.
A. certain B. circle C. circulatory D. circumstance
9. Only humans produce ____________ tears.
A. emotional B. crocodile C. feel D. false
10. To be recognized, this research must offer real evidence. The underlined word has
the closest meaning to:
A. knowledge B. exist C. condition D. proof
11. I am afraid you can’t borrow his car right now. It _________ in the garage.
A. is repaired B. repairs C. repairing D. is being repaired
12. Up to the present, 14 books ________ by Jane, a friend of mine.
A. have been written B . are written C. were written D. will be written
13. The washing - up ____________ carefully.
A. should do B . should done C. should be done D. should be do
14. The acupoints _____________ to enhance the healing capability of the body itself.
A. stimulate B . stimulating C. stimulated D. are stimulated
15. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. crazy B. cream C. crown D. decide
16. Lately, several oils, including rose and lemon, _________ to relieve anxiety, stress
and depression.
A. show B . have shown C. have show D. have been shown
17. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
People say that (A) this house has been built (B) by an old (C) man 12 years (D) ago.
18. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
From (A) the graphs, we can see (B) that the number of employees who employed (C)
by this firm is increasing (D) each year.
19. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. cook B. necessary C. decide D.
cereal
20. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
The cells covering (A) the walls of (B) the stomach will soon be dissolved (C) by the
acids if they aren’t constantly replace (D).

6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.

Fact Sheet on Body Parts
Fun Facts on Body Parts
Fun Fact 1: The basic parts of a human body can be ____________ (1) as head, neck,
torso, two arms, two hands, two legs and two feet.
Fun Fact 2: Our bodies are made_________ (2) of trillions of tiny living cells, each one
performs a special task, together they form our body parts which includes 206 bones,
640 muscles and 22 internal organs.
Fun Fact 3: The _______________ (3) name for the study of body parts and their
structures is anatomy.
Fun Fact 4: Body parts can be identified through different human body systems
including; the circulatory system, nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system,
skeletal system and the muscular system.
Fun Fact 5: Different types of cells __________ (4) to make up our body parts, some
examples of body cells include: skin cells, muscle cells, nerve cells and fat cells.
Fun Fact 6: How many scientific parts does a human being have?
The Terminología Anatómica (TA) is the international standard on human anatomic
language; it has 7,500 human elements listed.
Fun Fact 7: Your biggest body part is your skin! ____________ (5) 2 square metres of
skin covers the surface area of your body.
Fun Fact 8: We have body parts that we don’t need! Our bodies are able to ________
(6) without our appendix, tonsils, wisdom teeth and little toes.
Fun Fact 9: A foot contains more parts than your probably think; 26 bones, 33 joints
and over 100 muscles and tendons!
Fun Fact 10: Did you know that your ears and nose are the only parts of your body that
will continue to grow throughout your life?
Fun Fact 11: Fascinating fact! Did you know that 50% of human DNA is same as the
DNA in a banana? Humans also have over 95% ________________ (7) DNA with
chimpanzees!
Fun Fact 12: Did you know that the tooth is the only part of the human body
that cannot repair itself? Our teeth are _________ (8) with enamel, which is not a living
tissue this means it cannot repair itself. If we chip or break a tooth we need to visit a
_________ (9) to have it repaired.
Fun Fact 13: The masseter is the strongest muscle in the human body, it is the muscle
we use to chew; it is capable of pulling up to 80 times its own weight.
Fun Fact 14: Funny fact! A human has the same number of bones in its neck as a
giraffe; they both have seven bones in their neck - the giraffe’s neck bones are just a bit
longer!
Fun Fact 15: All of your body parts require the same 3 requirements; food, water and
oxygen. Make sure that you eat ____________ (10), drink lots of water and exercise
regularly to help your body work well for you!
1. A. satisfied B. identified C. satisfy D. identify
2. A. in B. on C. up D. for
3. A. scientific B. scientist C. scientifically D. science
4. A. combine B. concern C. compare D. commit
5. A. Appropriately B. Approximate C. Approximately D. Appropriate
6. A. functioned B. functioning C. functions D. function
7. A. practical B. identical C. proposal D. critical
8. A. checked B. cleaned C. painted D. coated
9. A. artist B. dentist C. dental D. art
10. A. unhealthy B. healthy C. health D. healthily

UNIT 3 MUSIC
PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS
2.1. Compound sentences: câu ghép
2.1.1. Form:
Sentence 1 +, and/or/but/so/yet/for + sentence 2
e.g. He bought that car last year, and it was used regularly.
(Anh ấy mua chiếc xe đó năm ngoái và nó đã được dùng thường xuyên.)
* Note:
Coordinating conjunction (liên từ kết hợp): and/or/but/so/yet/for
2.1.2. Use:
> Câu ghép là câu gồm hai câu đơn nối với nhau bởi liên từ kết hợp and
or/but/so/yet/for và chúng ta dùng dấu phẩy (,) trước liên từ kết hợp.
e.g Ana doesn’t have much money, but she is willing to share wi the poor. 
(Ana không có nhiều tiền nhưng cô ấy vẫn sẵn sàng chia sẻ với người nghèo.)
* Note:
Khi ta dùng 2 động từ cùng nhau thì dạng thức của động từ thứ 2 phụ thuộc vào động
từ thứ nhất, nó có thể là: to V, V hoặc V-ing. Trong bài này chúng ta xem xét 2 trường
hợp to V và V
2.2. “to” infinitive: động từ nguyên thể có “to”
Động từ nguyên thể có “to” thường theo sau các động từ sau: agree, aim, appear,
arrange, attempt, be able, be likely, claim, decide, deserve, fail, hope, learn, manage,
offer, plan, promise, refuse, seem, tend, try.
e.g. His employees try to finish the project.
(Nhân viên của anh ấy cố gắng hoàn tất dự án.)
Her students are able to communicate in English successfully.
(Học sinh của cô ấy có thể giao tiếp bằng Tiếng Anh thành công.)
David deserves to get mark 10 because he studies very hard and has appropriate
strategies.
(David đáng được điểm 10 vì cậu ấy học rất chăm và có các chiến lược phù hợp.)
* Note: một số động từ được theo sau bởi tân ngữ + to infinitive: advise, allow,
encourage, force, get, persuade, remind, teach, tell, warn ...
e.g. His father advised him to work as a volunteer.
(Bố cậu ấy khuyên cậu ấy làm tình nguyện viên) 
My students always remind me to send them extra exercises.
(Học sinh của mình luôn nhắc mình gửi bài tập làm thêm cho các bạn ấy.)
2.3. Infinitive without "to": động từ nguyên thể không "to"
Động từ nguyên thể không “to” thường theo sau các động từ sau + tân ngừ: feel, hear,
help, let, make, notice, see, watch.
e g. His parents let him make his own decision.
(Bố mẹ cậu ấy để cậu ấy tự quyết đinh.)
They made John pay fee.
(Họ bắt John đóng phí.)
* Note:
help + V/to V I help him leam/to learn English every day.
to be made + to V He was made to clean the floor last night.
3. Pronunciation
Sound clusters (các cụm âm): /-est/, /- ∂nt/, and /- eit/
3.1. Cụm âm /-est/:
Listen and repeat (Track 11):
protest, west, nest, contestant, investment, conquest, digest, congested
3.2. Cụm âm /- ant/:
Listen and repeat (Track 12 ):
placement, important, excellent, crescent, protestant, accident, movement, recent
3.3. Cụm âm /- eit/:
Listen and repeat (Track 13):
great, debate, concentrate, relate, roommate, decorate, plate, evaluate
 PART II. PRACTICE

2. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. They let us ____________ (use) this room for our study.
2. I decided ____________ (do) a hotel management course in 2012 .
3. Their clients agree ____________ (pay) by check.
4. Recently, her husband has made her ____________ (stay) at home.
5. The course helps me ____________ (understand) my cat better.
6. Their family didn’t want ____________ (move) to Scotland last year.
7. Taking part in many contests has taught me ____________ (perform) more
confidently.
8. He was made ____________ (hand) over all of his property.
9. Have you ever hoped ____________ (see) your idol in real life?
10. I chose ____________ (not participate) in that competition.
4. Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.
1. Her family and friends advised her concentrate on study.
2. Teachers can still be creative and let their students to decide how they learn.
3. They wanted her consider their advice before she made up her mind.
4. Parents should try make their home stimulating.
5. Your receptionist told me take a seat while she dealt with some oth customers.

PART III: TEST YOURSELF

I. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.

launched eliminate post emphasize typically

renowned biography passionate originated idol

1. By having a look at her ___________ , we can know more about her.

2. We need to recognize that when people adore a job, they are _________ about it and
they are likely to work successful with it.
3. Nowadays, it is said that a lot of teenagers blindly or excessively adore their
_______________
4. In order to be noticed by many people, he has started to _______________ his
homemade videos on the internet lately. Some people say that this is not a good way to
be famous.
5. In the past, it was hard for people to be noted, but today, this has changed. They can
become ____________ with the aid of advertisement and promotion.
6. Few viewers have watched this program since it first ______________ in our country
because it has been interfered with a lot of advertisement.
7. To make sure that there are only competent candidates for the next round, they
_____________ the ones that can’t answer correctly 5 first questions.
8. Quan Ho singing _____________ in Bac Ninh Province in the 13th century, and is
sung at spring festivals.
9. A dangdut band ______________ consists of a male or female lead singer, who is
backed by an unusual mix of musical instruments.
10. His works often ___________ on the values of family life as well as the relationship
among people in society.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the right.

1. composer a. a strong regular repeated pattern of sounds or

movements
2. rhythm b. a person who takes part in a contest
3. launch c. a person who writes music
4. contestant d. to make a product available to the public for the first
time
5. judge e. a person who decides who has won a competition

3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. He looks _____________ on stage. (passion)
2. This is one of the most _____________ entertainment formats in the UK. It attracts a
significantly huge number of audience, (success)
3. The _____________ have to get over that challenge to win in this contest. (contest)
4. Is Vietnam Idol an _____________ program or a franchised one? (origin) 
5. Van Cao is known as one of the most important _____________ of modern
Vietnamese music. (compose)
6. His song, Tien Quan Ca, is the _____________ anthem of the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam, (nation)
7. After his _____________ received the Ho Chi Minh prize. (die)
8. Exercising regularly is a powerful weapon to enhance _____________ well-being.
(psychology)
9. His important _____________ is to invent the instrumental ballade. (achieve)
10. The male singers will sing their challenge phrase with a _____________ melody,
like musical ping pong. (differ)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. This reality TV show soon became a worldwide phenomenon. The underlined word
has the closest meaning to:
A. nation B. national C. global D.
globe
2. William: “How did she become famous?” - Scot: “____________”
A. Yes, she became famous. B. Five years ago.
C. She took part in a lot of contests. D. It's unbelievable that she was
famous. 
3. He was also the first ____________ artist to have four singles to enter the Top 40.
A. chorus B. solo C. simple D.
private
4. This figure graduated ____________ a very famous music school and devoted his
life to arts.
A. on B. from C. of D. into
5. “They made Peter create a Quan Ho performance" has the closest meaning to:
A. Peter made to create a Quan Ho performance.
B. Peter was made to create a Quan Ho performance.
C. Peter was made create a Quan Ho performance.
D. Peter was created a Quan Ho performance.
6. Because of its significance, this reality TV program has been __________ by
thousands of viewers all over the country.
A. done B. watched C. washed D. produced
7. He was one of the most prominent __________ during the international liberation
movements.
A. math B. numbers C. figures D. calculation
8. The football match was wonderful at the beginning __________ , it was awful at the
end.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
9. These days, things have become more convenient; for example, you can buy airline
tickets at air agencies, ________________ you can purchase them online.
A. yet B . for C . so D. or
10. This will be a hopeful season of this entertainment format to air in the near future.
The underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. breathe out B. breathe in C. broadcast D.
inhale
11. You should feel happy because your mum and dad always encourage you
________hard.
A. work B. to work C. worked D. working
12. I think that they will not agree to let you __________ out late at night.
A. go B. going C. to go D. gone
13. He is looking forward ______________ the result from this contest
A. receive B. receiving C. to receive D. to
receiving
14. It took my teacher nearly three years __________ his research on motivating
students in learning English by using wore games.
A complete B. to completing C. completed D. to
complete
15. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differentl from the others.
A request B. protest C. nest D.
harvest
16. Lately, several oils, including rose and lemon, have been shown _________
anxiety, stress and depression.
A. relieve B. to relieve C. to relieved D. to
relieving
17. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
Her fans admit that (A) her voice (B) is beautiful, and (C) her performance (D) is not
skillful.
18. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
Three days (A) ago, Mary asked her (B) teachers give (C) her some (D) advice.
19. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. confident B. indent C. measurement D. encouragement
20. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. accurate B. concentrate C. penetrate D. accommodate
6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.
Fun Facts About the Saxophone

A relatively new-kid-on-the block as instruments go, the saxophone

_____________ (1) invented less than 200 years ago! Here is a short sampling of facts
about this versatile instrument.
While typically constructed of brass, the saxophone is _________ (2) a member
of the woodwind family. The sax earns this classification because of the way sound is
produced: a player’s embouchure creates an airtight seal over the mouthpiece, vibrating
a single reed in the manner of a clarinet. Brass instruments, _______________ (3)
contrast, are played by buzzing
one’s lips on the rim of the mouthpiece.
Despite the previous statement that saxes are usually made of brass, there are
exceptions. Some models are made partially (or even entirely) of more precious
___________ (4) such as bronze, copper, or sterling silver. A few models of plastic
saxophones have been produced over the years. In the 1950s and 1960s, acrylic plastic
alto saxes were popularly available under the brand name Grafton. The bodies of these
instruments were ___________ (5) of then state-of-the-art injection-molded plastic, the
keys being made of metal. Famous players known to occasionally perform on Grafton
saxophones include Charlie Parker and Ornette Coleman.
One of the most important _____________ (6) of a saxophone’s sound is the
mouthpiece a player uses. On the subject of unusual materials, saxophone
mouthpieces were originally made of wood. At first, they were made out of softer woods
such as boxwood and later, ________ (7) harder wood such as grenadilla and
rosewood. A few boutique manufacturers such as Theo Wanne still make wooden
mouthpieces today. Upon the invention of vulcanized rubber, hard rubber mouthpieces
became popular _________ (8) their strength and versatility; rubber mouthpieces
remain extremely popular to this day with both jazz and classical players. As an
alternative, many professional players also like to use metal _________ (9), which
tend to allow for a powerful tone that projects mightily. Plastic mouthpieces are the most
popular choice of mouthpiece for beginners as they are easy to make, durable, (10)
__________ relatively inexpensive. There are even a few manufacturers out there
making ceramic mouthpieces!
1. A. are B. were C. was D. is
2. A. actually B. true C. actual D. truth
3. A. to B. by C.of D. at
4. A. liquors B. water C. bricks D. metals
5. A. done B. used C. made D. let
6. A. ingredients B. components C. functions D. condition
7. A. primary B. prime C. primarily D. price
8. A. due to B. but C. so D. despite
9. A. mouth B. mouthful C. mouthpieces D. mouthy
10. A. so B. yet C. but D. and
 
 UNIT 4 FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY
PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS
2.1 The past simple tense: thì quá khứ đơn
2.1.1. Form:
+) s + V-e(d)/2 He went to the cinema.
-) s + did not + V He did not go to the cinema.
?) Did +S + V? Did he go to the cinema?
+) Note:
Ở thì quá khứ đơn, thông thường ta thêm -ed vào sau động từ (V-ed), tuy nhiên những
động từ bất quy tắc lại nằm ở cột thứ 2 trong Bảng động từ bất quy tắc và đó là lí do ta
gọi là V-2.
e.g. He used laptop to work. (V-ed)
He met his friend. (V-2)
2.1.2. Use:
Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động đã chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quá khứ.
e g. They visited Thailand last year. Now they are travelling in Europe.
(Họ đã thăm Thái Lan nãm ngoái. Giờ họ đang đi du lịch Châu Ầu)
+)Note:
CQC trạng từ thường dùng với thì quá khứ đơn: yesterday, yesterday morning, ... last
night, last month, last year,... 2 days, 3 years ago, ... in 1945, in 1975, ...in the 1990s,...

2.2. The past progressive tense: thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
2.2.1 Form:
+) S + was/were + V- ing They were watching T.V
-) S + was/were not +V-ing They were not watching T.V
?) Was/Were +S + V-ing? Were they watching T.V?
+) Note: was dùng với chủ ngừ là I và ngôi thứ 3 sổ ít (he, she, it, his mum, my teacher,
...), were dùng với chủ ngữ là các ngôi số còn lại.
2.2.2. Use:
Thì quá khứ tiếp diền diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại 1 thời điếm cụ thể trong quá
khứ.
e.g. She was painting the fence at 10 A.m. yesterday.
(Cô ấy đang sơn hàng rào lúc 10 giờ sáng hôm qua)
+)Note:
Các trạng từ thường dung với thì quá khử tiếp diễn: at 4 p.m., yesterday, ... at this/that
time yesterday/last night/last month/ last year, ...
2.3. The past simple vs. the past progressive
2.3.1. Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau trong quá khứ
còn thì quá khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả các hành động xảy ra tại cùng 1 thời điểm trong quá
khứ.
e.g. Tom opened the door, came into the room and then turned on the light.
(Tom mở cửa, vào phòng rối bật điện lên)
At this time last month, she was taking care of her son, cooking and answering the
phone.
(Củng vào thời điểm này tháng trước, chị ây vừa đang trông con vừa nấu nướng và trả
lời điện thoại)
For a while last year, my teacher was working for several centers, studying for his MA
degree and writing a book.
(Chỉ trong một thời gian ngắn năm ngoái mà thầy giáo mình vừa làm việc cho một số
trung tâm, học thạc sĩ và viết một cuốn sách)
2.3.2. Khi diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động
khác xen vào, ta dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra còn thì quá khứ
đơn diễn tả hành động xen vào (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn là bối cảnh để thì quá khứ đơn
diễn ra). Trong trường hợp này ta thường dùng when hoặc while.
e.g; He was doing his homework when the burglar came into the house.
(Anh ấy đang làm bài tập thì tên trộm đột nhập vào nhà)
It happened at 4 p.m. yesterday while she was watching the news on TV.
(Chuyện đó diễn ra vào lúc 4 giờ chiều qua khi cô ấy đang xem tin tức trên tivi)
+) Note: "while" thường đừng trước mệnh đề ở thì quả khứ tiếp diễn còn "when"
thường đứng trước mệnh đề ở thì quá khứ đơn. Khi "while", "when" đứng đầu câu thì ta
phải dùng dấu phẩy (,) giữa hai mệnh đề.
"While" còn có thể dùng trong trường hợp diễn tả 2 hành động xảy ra cùng lúc.
e.g. While she was doing the laundry, he was cleaning the floor.
(Trong khi cô ấy đang giặt quần áo thì anh ấy đang lau nhà)
2.4. Adjective suffixes (hậu tố): -ed vs. -ing; -ful vs. -less
2.4.1. -ed vs. -ing:
Tính từ có hậu tố -ing (boring, interesting, exciting, amazing, ...) chỉ bản chất của người
hoặc vật còn tính từ có hậu tố -ed (bored, interested, excited, amazed, ...) chỉ cảm giác
của ai đó.
e.g. He is an exciting man.
(Anh ấy là một người đàn ông thú vị)
It is an exciting book.
(Nó là một cuốn sách hay)
I feel excited about this film/This film makes me feel excited.
(Tôi càm thấy hào hứng về bộ phim này)
2.4.2 -ful vs -less
Thông thường tính từ có hậu tố -ful (careful, useful, hopeful, ...) mang tính tích cực còn
hậu tố -less (careless, useless, hopeless, ...) thì ngược lại.
e g. He is a careful driver.
(Anh ấy là một người lái xe cẩn thận)
He is a careless driver.
(Anh ấy là một người lái xe ẩu)
3. Pronunciation
Consonant (phụ âm): /ŋ/ and consonat clusters (các cụm phụ âm): /-nd/ and /-nt/
3.1. Phụ âm /ŋ/:
Listen and repeat (Track 15):
learning, working, banking, drinking, linking, sinking, drivir appreciating
3.2. Cụm phụ âm /-nd/:
Listen and repeat (Track 16):
underground, grind, scanned, banned, spend, fond, diamond, gram
5.3. Cụm âm /-nt/:
Listen and repeat (Track 17): 

PART II. PRACTICE

2. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. They ____________ (buy) this house 7 years ago.
2. I ____________ (decide) to do a hotel management course in 2012 .
3. He ____________ (teach) English in this university at this time last year.
4. At 9 p.m. yesterday, Jack and Jill ____________ (not drive) home.
5. Her nephew ____________ (sit) on the couch and ____________ (eat) his
breakfast at 7 yesterday morning.
6. Their family ____________ (not want) to move to Scotland last year.
7. Alan ___________ (listen) to music and working (work) on his computer at that time
last month.
8. We ____________ (drive) when we ____________ (realize) that it was snowing
more and more heavily.
9. Yesterday, our car broke down on the way home. While we ____________ (wait) for
help, we ____________ (sing) lots of songs to keep ourselves cheerful.
10. Five years ago, I ____________ (choose) not to participate in that competition.
4. Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.
1. On their trip last year, they help a lot of disadvantaged and handicapped children.
2. At this time 4 years ago, we donate food and clothes to low-income people in remote
area.
3. When I work with them for the first time, many of them couldn’t read or write.
4. He was walking along the corridor when he was seeing a job advertisement on the
notice board.
5. Suddenly we have to brake hard as the car in front stopped suddenly.

PART III. TEST YOURSELF

1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.
priority hopeless aware interesting continued
interested volunteers donate directing Gain

1. Some of them were _________ at Math because they even couldn’t do the simplest
calculation.
2. Young generation should find out more about the history of our country through
interesting documentary films so that they become more _______ of national issues.
3. There are top important things to do to develop a country. Most of people agree that
the first ______ is revolutionizing education. 
4. You can _______ not only food and clothes but also time and work in the office of this
organization.
5. We need experienced, creative and patient _______ to work as teachers at our
Charity Centre.
6. Taking part in _________ the traffic is also a form of volunteer work in your
community.
7. After that, he ________ to fight for the rights of poor people and became a hero for
millions of people.
8. The love and affection for the handicapped orphans made her ________ in the job
advertised.
9. For some people, this type of work has no fun, but he thinks that it is __________
10.Volunteer work is agreat way to _________ experience in a broad range of fields.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the right.

1. ignorant a. working hard at something because it is important to you

2. by chance b. an organization for helping people in need
3. dedicated c. without planning to
4. urgent d. lacking knowledge or information about something
5. charity e. needing to be dealt with immediately
3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. At that time, colored people and white people were not treated ________ and he
fought for the rights of colored people. (equal)
2. Those ________ children have many problems and they really need our help.
(advantage)
3. There are more and more youngsters who are ________ in doing volunteer work.
(interest)
4. I got some ________ advice from my teacher. It was really helpful. (use)
5. He was very ________ about this film because the main character motivated him to
be more confident. (excite)
6. This season is very ________. Millions of viewers have watched it since it first aired.
(excite)
7. People who volunteer in their community have a personal ________ to the area.
(attach) 
8. He was a ________ man and against all forms of violence. (peace)
9. In 1914, the British ruled India and Gandhi wanted the British to leave India so that
the country could become ________. (depend)
10. Mother Teresa was said to be one of the most ________ personalities of the
twentieth century. (influence)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. By working for an international organization, he takes opportunities to have a
worldwide network of friends and interact with a variety of people. The underlined word
has the closest meaning to:
A. relate to B. communicate with C. dedicate with D. roommate with
2. Tony: “It sounds interesting. How did you get the job?” ~ James: "________"
A. Yes, it was really amazing. B. I received that interesting job in 2014.
C. I got it last year. D. Just by chance.
3. This method seems to be _____ . A lot of students who follow it can improve their
pronunciation quickly.
A. use B. useful C. useless D. misused 
4. Joining a hand in helping your community helps you gain experience _______ many
fields such as education, social work and health care.
A. in B . out C. during D. into
5. “While we were having dinner, the phone rang.” has the closest meaning to:
A. While the phone was ringing, we had dinner. B. While the phone ringing, we had
dinner.
C. We were having dinner when the phone rang. D. While the phone was ringing,
we having dinner.
6. This group of university students had to spend a ____ night preparing stuff for the
following day.
A. sleep B. slept C. sleepless D. sleeps
7. He was peaceful man and ________ all forms of violence.
A for B. with C. again D. against
8. Your job is likely to include welcoming guests and receiving _______ for our Charity
Centre.
A. donate B. donations C. donors D. donated
9. This figure became interested in politics and ________ to leave his first university for
protesting.
A. force B. forced C. was forcing D. was forced
10. He continued to fight against the ruling government which was extremely cruel. The
underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. structure B. struggle C. find D. discover
11. At first, her superiors tried to discourage her from leaving the convent, but in the end
they ______ to let her go.
A. agreed B. was agreeing C. to agree D. agreeing
12. After taking part in public activities in their community, they realized that they had
been ignorant or _______ before.
A. narrow-minded B. large-minded C. full-minded D. thin-minded
13. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. island B. plan C. bank D. pretend
14. We were travelling through the forest when we ________ a python.
A. face B. was facing C. faced D. was faced
15. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. understand B. expand C. England D. sand
16. Do you get __________ if you have to work overtime?
A. annoy B. to annoy C. annoying D. annoyed
17. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
Do (A) you like playing computer (B) games or are you tiring (C) of them (D)?
18. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
We were pretty (A) scary because we were skidding (B) and went off the road (C) into a
(D) ditch.
19. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. accident B. prevent C. attachment D. encouragement
20. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A. prolong B. song C. among D. strong
6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.
Volunteer in Spain
International Volunteers, Gap Year Travelers and those looking for an ______ (1)
opportunity to volunteer work overseas must volunteer in Spain. Volunteering in Spain
will be a fun and ____ (2)
experience where you can get _____ (3) in the Mediterranean culture, learn new skills
and meet new people. In Spain, Volunteering Solutions has programs in_____ (4) with
local organizations in the Valencia Region in the Eastern part of Spain. Valencia is a
_____ (5) city with almost one million residents. The city is rich in cultural ______ (6)
and has more than fifteen kilometers of beaches. While _____ (7) in Valencia, you will
find _____ (8) people who are happy to meet international volunteers. The area is very
well linked to other main European capitals ______(9) air, train and road. While
volunteering in the Valencia region, volunteers also get a chance to visit smaller and
traditional Spanishtowns like Denia wheretheprojects are also located. Volunteering
Solutions offers conservation and community social welfare projects in the region where
volunteers can help in conservation work such as Marine conservation or work with
children from ______ (10) backgrounds.
1. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement
2. A. challenging B. challenged C. bored D. boring
3. A. immerse B. immersing C. immersed D. immersers
4. A. partnership B. ship C. pattern D. part
5. A. postal B. post C. coast D. coastal
6. A. decorate B. heritage C. hesitate D. relate
7. A. volunteering B. volunteered C. volunteer D. volunteers
8. A. welcomed B. welcomingly C. welcome D. welcoming
9. A. by B. out C. into D. for
10. A. disadvantaged B. advantage C. disadvantage D. advance

UNIT 5 INVENTIONS
PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS
2.1. The present perfect tense: thì hỉện tại hoàn thành
2.1.1 Form:
+) S + has/have + past participle
He has done his homework.
-) S + has/have not + past participle
I have not done my homework.
?) Has/Have + S + past participle?
Have you done your homework?
*) Note:
Past participle (quá khứ phân từ): nếu là động từ có quy tắc ta thêm -ed vào sau động
từ (V-ed), nếu là động bất quy tắc ta xem ở cột thứ 3 trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc (V-
3).
e g. He has worked. (V-ed)
They have left. (V-3)
+) haven’t = have not, hasn’t = has not
2.1.2. Use:
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả:
+) Sự việc diễn ra trước hiện tại nhưng thời gian của sự việc không được đề cập hoặc
không rõ ràng (quá khứ không xác định).
e.g. They have visited Thailand.
(Họ đã thăm Thái Lan)
She has met him before.
(Cô ấy đã gặp anh ấy trước đây)
*) Note:
Các trạng từ thường dùng trong trường hợp này: ever, never, before, up to now, up to
the present, still, till now, so far, recently, just.
+ Kết quả của sự việc bắt đầu trong quá khứ tính đến thời điểm hiện tại.
Eg: I have lived here for 5 years.
(Mình đã sống ở đây được 5 năm)
She has worked for 2 companies since she graduated from university.
(Chị ấy đã làm việc cho 2 công ty từ lúc chị ấy tốt nghiệp đại học)
*) Note:
+ For + khoảng thời gian: for 3 days, for 5 weeks, for the last week
+ Since + mốc thời gian: since last week, since Monday, since her childhood, since they
moved,..
+ Last week vs. for the last week, last year vs. for the last 2 years,...
e.g. She arrived in London last week.
(Cô ấy đã đến London tuần trước)
He has been ill for the last week.
(Cậu ấy ốm cả tuần qua)
+ Khoảng thời gian vẫn chưa kết thúc.
e.g. Now it is 9 a.m. I’ve written a rough plan this morning.
(Bây giờ là 9 giờ sáng. Mình đã viết xong bản phác thảo sáng nay)
*) Note:
Các trạng từ thường dùng trong trường hợp này: today, this morning, this week...
2.2. Gerunds and infinitives: danh động từ và động từ nguyên thể
2.2.1. Form:
Gerunds: V-ing learning, working, relaxing, entertaining
Infinitives: to V to learn, to work, to relax, to entertain
2.2.2. Use.
+ Để chỉ mục đích ta có thể dùng to infinitive hoặc for + V-ing
E.g: I find a partner to practice English.
(Mình tìm một bạn để thực hành Tiếng Anh)
Computers are used for controlling manufacture.
(Máy tính được dùng để điều khiển sản xuất)
3. Pronunciation
Stress patterns: compound nouns and noun phrases
blackbird: chim sáo black bird: con chim màu đen
3.1. Compound nouns (danh từ ghép):
Danh từ ghép là sự kết hợp 2 từ thành một từ mang nghĩa chung và hai từ thường
được viết liền nhau. Đối với danh từ ghép, trọng âm được nhấn vào từ đầu tiên.
Listen and repeat (Track 19):
food processor, birthday, blackbird, smartphone, blackboard, gateway, guidebook,
airport
3.2. Noun phrases (cụm danh từ):
+ Cụm danh từ là cụm từ gồm hai từ trở lên, mỗi từ mang nghĩa riêng biệt và không
được viết liền nhau. Đổi với cụm danh từ, trọng âm được nhấn vào chữ sau cùng là
danh từ chính, (cụm danh từ thường gồm: tính từ + danh từ) 
Listen and repeat (Track 20):
tall boy, digital camera, solar charge, green house, black bird, white board, good
processor, bulky screen

PART II. PRACTICE

1. Sarah ____________ (collect) plenty of information for the assignment recently.
2. The lives of Vietnamese farmers ____________ (change) dramatically since the
invention of the harvesting machine.
3. He ____________ (teach) English in this university for 3 years.
4. That university ____________ (not hold) any seminars since September.
5. His father-in-law ____________ (do) research since last year.
6. My classmates and I ____________ (just/receive) the results of our recent exams.
7. I ____________ (read) all the books on the reading list today, so I have the notes
now.
8. This is the longest essay that I ____________ (ever/have) to write.
9. You____________ (complete) your assignment yet?
10. I realize that I ____________ (not spend) much time away from home up to now,
but am keen to become more independent.
4. Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences.
1. A pair of compasses are used for draw circles.
2. He has just bought a pencil case to held his pens and pencils.
3. A correction pen is used for cover writing mistakes
4. British women overtake British men in Internet usage since 2005.
5. How did your life change over the past ten years?

PART III. TEST YOURSELF

1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.
economical chop wisely inventions submarine
contributed versatile earbuds access games

1. They say that it is more convenient when ____________ are used for listening to
music without disturbing other people.
2. This kind of car is very ____________ so we do not have to spend too much money
on buying petrol or diesel.
3. The computer is said to be one of the most significant ____________ of human
beings.
4. If you use the internet ____________ discover a variety of new things.
5 In our modem life, people have loads of work to do, so they want to own the very
____________ devices which can do many things.
6. We can use a laptop or a smartphone to get ___________ to the Internet.
7. To feel at ease, some children use a handheld video game device to play computer
________
8. A food processor is normally used to __________ up or mix food.
9. The ___________ which can travel underwater, imitates a dolphin’s shape.
10. Science and technology have __________ to environmental protection and natural
preservation.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with Its description on the right.

1. bulky a. the source makes someone want to create something

2. access b. to copy somebody/something
3. congestion c. the opportunity or right to use something
4. imitate d. large and difficult to move or carry
5. inspiration e. the state of being crowded and full of traffic

3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Social networking sites can be used for creating your ___________ profile and
contacting your friends. (person)
2. Studies have shown that ___________ for inventions mostly comes from the natural
world. (inspire)
3. Scientists and ___________ have observed things in nature to design new products
to serve humans. (invent)
4. Since then, Velcro has gradually become a familiar ___________ for shoes, jackets
and even spacesuits. (fasten)
5. This 3-D ___________ is used to produce solid objects similar to the originals. (print)
6. Traffic ___________ has been considered one of the most serious and urgent
problems of our country. (congest)
7. The petrol ___________ of this type of motorbike is estimated approximately 2 litrers
per 100 km. (consume)
8. A digital camera is quite ___________ because you do not have to spend money on
rolls of film. (economy)
9. Some people like a small screen, as it is portable, but the other ones want a
___________ one to watch films conveniently with big images. (bulk)
10. A medical ___________ is the invention which is admitted to be really humane.
(incubate)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. They try to imitate the wings and shape of animals in nature to produce parts of
vehicles. The underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. irritate B. irrigate C . paste D. copy
2. Paul: “What do you think is the most useful invention in medicine?” - Kate: "______"
A. I don’t think it is useful. B. This is because people use a lot of
penicillin.
C. Perhaps it is the discovery of penicillin. D. Just by chance.
3. In order to be taken away and used everywhere, modem inventions have a tendency
to be small and ________.
A. import B. coastal C. airport D. portable
4. Even the best invention may have both ___________ and drawbacks.
A. benefits B . disadvantage C. advantaged D. benefited
5. “I started working for the Charity Center 5 years ago and now I’m still working here.”
has the closest meaning to:
A. I have started working for the Charity Center 5 years ago.
B. I have started working for the Charity Center for 5 years.
C. I have worked for the Charity Center since 5 years.
D. I have worked for the Charity Center for 5 years.
6. People have used vaccination to prevent diseases ___________ a long time.
A. for B . since C . whenD. as
7. Brian has inspired thousands of students across the country since he ________ from
a pedagogical university.
A. graduate B . graduating C. graduated D. graduation
8. Jim has stayed at home _________ last week.
A. for B. since C . whenD.as
9. Scientists have researched into effective ways to treat this disease _______ last
year’s epidemic.
A. for B. since C. when D. as
10. This robot is very versatile, as it can be used to perform many different tasks. The
underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. multipurpose B. limited C. inflexible D. purposeless
11. This athlete__________ a number of international awards since 1990.
A wins B. won C. has won D. have won
12. The Internet has changed the way we purchase, interact and research since it
________
A. invent B. was invented C. invented D. be invented
13. Choose the word with a stress pattern different from the others.
A. blackbird B. solar charger C. alarm clock D. smartphone
14. Our hen _______ for nearly 10 days, so we have no eggs in our fridge now.
A. did not lay B. has not laid C. have not lain D. has not lay
15. Choose the word with a stress pattern different from the others.
A. gateway B. good processor C. airport D. pencil case
16. More than 40 patterns on silicon surfaces _________ with that paintbrush so far.
A. printed B . were printed C. have printed D. have been
printed
17. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
A number (A) of students registered (B) this course (C) since last September (D).
18. Choose the answer which needs correcting.
They participated (A) in social (B) activities at the (C) castle for the past few (D)
years.
19. Choose the word with a stress pattern different from the others.
A. green house B . solar charger C. bulky screen D. food processor
20. Choose the word with a stress pattern different from the others.
A. birthday B . guidebook C. television set D. electronic book

6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.

Awesome inventions changing our lives

Used by the ancient Egyptians as much as 3000 years ago, the condom was ______
(1) invented in 1640 by Italian gyne-cologist Gabriele Falloppio. It was originally
intended ______ (2) the spread of disease, but from about the 1960s on, their usage to
prevent pregnancy has been touted. Now, these marvels of invention are commonplace
and used on a _______ (3) basis for both purposes. While it may not be pretty to look at
or fun to think about, the condom is a very ingenious invention, especially when one
considers how many lives ________ (4) by the use of condoms.
What did man (or woman) do before the invention of the umbrella? Most likely, get wet
every time it rained. Originally conceived in Mesopotamia in 3400 BC to be used as a
sunshade, the umbrella became a fashion ________ (5) in the 1700s. The actual first
steel-ribbed umbrella that was used by both men and women was invented in 1852 by
Samuel Fox of Britain. So every time you open your umbrella, remember to mentally
thank Mr. Fox _______ (6) to keep you dry! Now if only someone could invent an
umbrella that didn’t turn inside out on a windy day...
Not now, honey, I've got a headache! Before 1899, women might have been able to use
that excuse, but not after the ________ (7) of the aspirin that year by German chemist
Felix Hoffman. Although Hippocrates had used acetylsalicylic acid to treat fevers and
gout in ancient Greece, it wasn’t until Hoffman’s invention that the medicine ________
(8) under its familiar trade name, Aspirin. Hoffman originally invented aspirin to help
treat his father’s arthritis. Today it’s used to treat everything from minor aches and pains
to heart _______(9). Hoffman would be proud of his nifty little invention that’s actually
saved lives!
What would women do without the invention of the bra? Most likely the entire fashion
world would be different, as clothing would have to accommodate droopy, flopping
breasts. Thankfully, the bra _________ (10) by New York socialite Mary Phelps Jacob
in 1913 as an alternative to unsightly corsets that were Visible under sheer clothing.
Today, women spend about $16 billion each year on bras worldwide. Thank you, Ms.
Jacob!
1. A. office B. officially C. offices D. official
2. A. preventing B. causing C. to prevent D. to cause
3. A. daily B. day C. days D. dairy
4. A. have saved B. saved C. was saved D. have been saved
5. A. compulsory B. sorry C. access D. accessory
6. A. help B. to help C. for helping D. helped
7. A. invention B. invent C. inventor D. invented
8. A.mass-marketed B. has been mass-marketed
C.has mass-marketed D. was mass-marketed
9. A. fights B. attacks C. attach D. beat
10. A. has invented B. invented C. was invented D. invent