1.

THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN – Simple Present tens

1.1. Khái niệm
Thì hiện tại đơn (Simple present tense) dùng để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên hay một hành động diễn ra lặp đi lặp lại
theo thói quen, phong tục, khả năng.

1.2. Công thức thì hiện tại đơn

Loại câu  Đối với động từ thường Đối với động từ “to be”

Khẳng định S + V(s/es) + O S + be (am/is/are) + O

Phủ định S + do not /does not + V_inf S + be (am/is/are) + not + O

Nghi vấn Do/Does + S + V_inf? Am/is/are + S + O?

She gets up at 6 o’clock. She is a student.

(Cô thức dậy lúc 6 giờ) (Cô ấy là học sinh)
She doesn’t eat chocolate. She is not a teacher
Ví Dụ
(Cô ấy không ăn sô cô la.) (Cô ấy không phải là giáo viên)
Does she eat pastries? Is she a student?
(Cô ấy có ăn bánh ngọt không?) (Cô ấy có phải là học sinh không)

1.3. Cách dùng thì hiện tại đơn

Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lý.
Ex: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West (Mặt trời mọc ở hướng Đông và lặn ở hướng Tây)
Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra thường xuyên, một thói quen ở hiện tại.
Ex: He gets up early every morning.(Anh dậy sớm mỗi sáng.)
Lưu ý: Quy tắc thêm s/es tại bài viết về bài tập thì hiện tại đơn .
Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một năng lực của con người
Ex: He plays badminton very well (Anh ấy chơi cầu lông rất giỏi)
Ngoài ra, thì hiện tại đơn còn diễn tả một kế hoạch đã được sắp xếp trong tương lai, đặc biệt là trong việc di chuyển.
Ex: The train leaves at 9 am tomorrow (Tàu khởi hành lúc 9 giờ sáng ngày mai)

1.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại đơn

Trong câu có chứa các trạng từ chỉ tần suất  như:
Every day/ week/ month…: mỗi ngày/ tuần/ tháng
Often, usually, frequently: thường
Sometimes, occasionally: thỉnh thoảng
Always, constantly: luôn luôn
Seldom, rarely: hiếm khi

Bài 1. Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn

1. The flight (start)……….at 6 a.m every Thursday.

2. I like Math and she (like)……….Literature.
3. I (bake)________ cookies twice a month.
4. My best friend (write)________ to me every week.
5. Jane always ________(take care) of her sister.
6. My family (have)……….a holiday in December every year.
7. Martha and Kevin ___________ (swim) twice a week.
8. She ____ (help) the kids of the neighborhood.
9. Mike (be)________humour.He always ___________ (tell) us funny stories.
10. Tiffany and Uma (be) ______my friends.
Bài 2. Điền dạng đúng của động từ “to be”:

1. My dog __________small.
2. She ________ a student.
3. We _________ready to get a pet.
4. My life _____ so boring. I just watch TV every night.
5. My husband________from California. I _______from Viet Nam.
6. We ____________ (not/be) late.
7. Emma and Betty(be)________ good friends.
8. ___________ (she/be) a singer?
9. His sister(be) _________seven years old.
10. Trixi and Susi(be)__________my cats.

Bài 3. Viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh

1. How/ you/ go to school/ ?

2. we/ not/ believe/ ghost.
3. How often/ you/ study English/ ?
4. play/in/the/soccer/Mike/doesn’t/afternoons.
5. She/daughters/two/have.
6. very/much/not/like/lemonade/I
7. Wednesdays/on/It/rain/often.
8. never/wear/Jane/jeans.
9. phone/his/on/father/Sundays/Danny/every
10. Austria/I/from/be/Vienna.

Bài 4. Tìm từ để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau

Mary (1)____a teacher. She (2)_____ English. The children love her and they (3).______a lot from her. Mary

(4).________home at 3.00 and (5).______lunch. Then she sleeps for an hour. In the afternoon she (6)………swimming or she

cleans her house. Sometimes, she (7)………her aunt and (8)………tea with her. Every Sunday she does the shopping with her

friends.

Bài 5. Hoàn chỉnh các câu dưới đây với các từ gợi ý trong hộp

wake up – open – speak – take – do – cause – live – play – close – live – drink

1. Ann _____________ handball very well.

2. I never _____________ coffee.
3. The swimming pool _____________ at 7:00 in the morning.
4. It _____________ at 9:00 in the evening.
5. Bad driving _____________ many accidents.
6. My parents _____________ in a very small flat.
7. The Olympic Games _____________ place every four years.
8. They are good students. They always _____________ their homework.
9. My students _____________ a little English.
10. I always _____________ early in the morning.

Bài 6. Tìm và sửa lỗi sai

1. What does they wear at their school?

2. Do he go to the library every week?
3. Windy always watch TV at 9 p.m before going to bed at 10 p.m.
 4. Sometimes, we goes swimming together with her family.
5. How does Linda carries such a heavy bag?

Bài 7. Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh

1. Minh/usually/not/sleep/early/at weekends.
2. You/understand the questions from your teacher?
3. Her husband/his colleague/play/tennis/whenever/they/free.
4. My family/normally/eat/breakfast/6.30.
5. San/not/phone/mother/Mondays.

Bài 8. Điền trợ động từ ở dạng phủ định

1. I ………. like tea.

2. He ………. play football in the afternoon.
3. You ………. go to bed at midnight.
4. They……….do the homework on weekends.
5. The bus ……….arrive at 8.30 a.m.
6. My brother ……….finish work at 8 p.m.
7. Our friends ………. live in a big house.

The cat ………. like me.

2.2. Bài tập nâng cao thì hiện tại đơn
Bài tập nâng cao về thì hiện tại đơn là dạng bài tập có kết hợp các loại thì khác với thì hiện tại đơn.
Bài 1. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại tiếp diễn

1. Look. He _______  (listen) to us.

2. We ________   (stay) at a hotel this week.
3. I _________   (go) to bed early on Sundays.
4. My mum is at the shop. She _______  (buy) a new dress.
5.  Jill _____ (have) a lot of money.
6. They usually _____ (leave)  on Sunday.
7. Please, stop! You _____  (drive) so fast!
8. We ______ (meet) in Berlin each year.
9. We ______  (go) to discos on Fridays.
10. He normally ______ (come) on time. I can’t hear you! 
11. I _____ (have)  a shower
12. Sam ____ (do) his homework at night. 

Bài 2. Chia động từ trong ngoặc đúng để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau (thì hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại tiếp
diễn)
Dear Editor! I _____________________ (write) this letter because it _____________________ (seem)
to me that far too many changes _____________________ (take) place in my country these days, and,
as a result, we _____________________ (lose) our identity. I _____________________ (live) in a small
town but even this town _____________________ (change) before my eyes. For example, town
authorities _____________________ (build) a burger place where my favourite restaurant used to be.
Our culture _____________________ (belong) to everybody, and I _____________________ (not
understand) why the town leaders _____________________ (not do) to preserve it. They simply
_____________________ (not care). In fact, I _____________________ (think) of starting an action
group. I _____________________ (appear) on a TV show on Friday evening to make people aware of
how important this issue is. It’s time for us to start doing something before it
_____________________ (get) too late. 
 Bài 1 Bài 2: Bài 3: Bài 4:

1. starts 1. is 1. How do you go to school?

2. likes 2. is 2. We don’t believe ghost 1. is
3. bake 3. are 3. How often do you study English? 2. teaches
4. writes 4. is 4. Mike doesn’t play soccer in the afternoons. 3. learn
5. takes care 5. is – am 5. She has two daughters 4. comes
6. has 6. are not 6. I don’t like lemonade very much 5. has
7. swim 7. are 7. It’s often rain on Wenesdays 6. goes.
8. helps 8. Is 8. Jane never wears jeans 7. meets
9. is – tells 9. is 9. Danny phones his father on every Sundays 8. drinks
10. are 10. are 10. I am from Vienna,Austria

Bài 5 Bài 6 Bài 7 Bài 8

1. Plays 1. does ➔
2. Drink do 1. Minh doesn’t usually sleep early at the 1. don’t
3. Opens 2. Do ➔ weekends. 2. doesn’t
4. Closes Does 2. Do you understand the questions from your 3. don’t
5. Causes 3. watch ➔ teacher? 4. don’t
6. Live watches 3. Her husband and his colleague play tennis 5. doesn’t
7. Take 4. goes ➔ wheneven they are free. 6. doesn’t
8. Do go 4. My family normally eats breakfast at 6.30. 7. don’t
9. Speak 5. carries 5. San doesn’t phone her mother on Mondays. 8. doesn’t
10. Wake up ➔ carry

3.2. Bài tập nâng cao Bài 2

Bài 1
1. am writing
1. is listening  2. seems
2. are staying  3. are taking
3. go is buying  4. are losing
4. has 5. is changing
5. leave  6. are building
6. are driving  7. belongs
7. meet  8. don’t understand
8. go  9. aren’t doing
9. comes  10. don’t care
10. am having  11. am thinking
11. does  12. am appearing
13. gets
2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn – Present Continuous
2.1. Khái niệm
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả những sự việc xảy ra ngay lúc chúng ta nói hay xung quanh
thời điểm chúng ta nói, và hành động đó vẫn chưa chấm dứt (còn tiếp tục diễn ra).

2.2. Công thức thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Công thức Ví dụ Chú ý

S + am/ is/ are + V-ing

He is watching TV now. S = I + am
Trong đó: S (subject): Chủ ngữ
Khẳng định I am listening a music. S = He/ She/ It + is
am/ is/ are: là 3 dạng của động từ “to be”
They are studying English now. S = We/ You/ They + are
V-ing: là động từ thêm “–ing”

am not: không có dạng viết tắt

I am not working now.
Phủ định S + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing is not = isn’t
He isn’t watching TV now.
are not = aren’t

Trả lời:
Yes, I + am.
Yes, he/ she/ it + is.
Yes, we/ you/ they + are.
Are they studying English?
No, I + am not.
Nghi vấn Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing  ? Is he going out with you?
No, he/ she/ it + isn’t.
Are you doing your homework? 
No, we/ you/ they + aren’t.
Đối với câu hỏi ta chỉ việc đảo
động từ “to be” lên trước chủ
ngữ.

What are you doing? (Bạn đang

Câu hỏi Trả lời:
làm gì vậy)
Wh- Wh- + am/ are/ is (not) + S + Ving? S + am/ is/ are + V-ing
What is he studying right
question
now? (Anh ta đang học gì vậy)

2.3. Cách dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra và kéo dài tại một thời điểm ở hiện tại.
Ex: The children are playing football now. (Bọn trẻ đang chơi bóng đá bây giờ.)
Thường tiếp theo sau mệnh lệnh, câu đề nghị.
Ex: Look! The child is crying. (Nhìn xem! Đứa trẻ đang khóc.)
Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại, dùng phó từ ALWAYS :
Ex: She is always borrowing our books and then she doesn’t remember. (Cô ấy luôn mượn sách của chúng tôi và sau đó cô ấy
không nhớ.)
Diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra (ở trong tương lai gần)
Ex: Tomorrow, I am taking to the train to ohio to visit a relative (ngày mai, tôi sẽ đi tàu tới Ohio để thăm người thân)

Bài 1. Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
1. I am not drinking (not drink) beer; it’s only tea. (mẫu)
 2. My mother __________________ (buy) some food at the grocery store.
3. Luke __________________ (not study) Japanese in the library. He’s at home with his friends.
4. __________________ (she, run) down the street?
5. My cat __________________ (eat) now.
6. What __________________ (you, wait) for?
7. Her students __________________ (not try) hard enough in the competition.
8. All of Andy’s friends __________________ (have) fun at the party right now.
9. My neighbours __________________ (travel) around Europe now.
10. The little girl __________________ (drink) milk.
11. Listen! Our teacher __________________ (speak).
Bài 2. Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại sau
Hội thoại 1

A: I saw Brian a few days ago.

B: Oh, did you? ……… What’s he doing. these days? (what/ he/ do)

A: He’s at university.

B: ? (what/ he/ study)

A: Psychology.

B: ……… it? (he/ enjoy)

A: Yes, he says it’s a very good course.

Hội thoại 2

A: Hi, Nicola. How ……… ? (your new job /go)

B: Not bad. lt wasn’t so good at first, but ……… better now. (it/ get)

A: What about Daniel? Is he OK?

B: Yes, but ……… his work right now. (he/ not/ enjoy).

He’s been in the same job for a long time and ……… to get bored with it. (he/ begin)
Bài 3. Hoàn thành các câu sử dụng động từ sau

start –  get –  increase – change – rise

1. The population of the world ……very fast.
2. The world ………. ………………………………………….. Things never stay the same.
3. The situation is already bad and it ……………………. worse.
4. The cost of living ………………………… . Every year things are more expensive.
5. The weather ………… to improve. The rain has stopped, and the wind isn’t as strong.
Bài 4. Viết câu trả lời phủ định từ câu hỏi có sẵn
1. Is your best friend eating a candy?
2. Are you drinking water right now?
3. Is your brother playing the guitar?
4. Am I writing this Program with you?
5. Are your Mom and Dad singing a song at the moment?
6. Are you wearing your grandfather’s shoes today?
7. Are you and your neighbor riding bikes now?
8. Are all your uncles sitting near you?
Bài 5. Chọn đáp án đúng  

1. Have you got an umbrella? It  ……………………… to rain.

a. is starting                b. are starting             c. am starting              d. start

2. You  ……………….. a lot of noise. Can you be quieter? I  …………… to concentrate.

a. is makeing/am trying                      b. are makeing/ am trying

c. are making/ am trying                    d. is making/ am trying

3. Why are all these people here? What ……………………. ?

a. am happening         b. are happening         c. is happening          d. is happening

4. Your English …………….. . How do you learn?

a. is improving             b. are improving             c. improve              d. improving

5.  Please don’t make so much noise. I  ………………… to work.

a. is trying                   b. are trying                c. trying                       d. am trying

Bài 6. Dịch những câu sau sang tiếng Anh có sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

1. Bố mẹ tôi đang tận hưởng kỳ nghỉ hè của họ tại Miami.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Họ đang uống cà phê với đối tác.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Nhìn kìa! Trời bắt đầu mưa!

…………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Họ đang mua một vài chiếc bánh ngọt cho bọn trẻ ở nhà.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Em trai của bạn đang làm gì rồi?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Họ đang đi đâu vậy?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Có phải Peter đang đọc sách trong phòng không?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Bạn nên mang theo một chiếc áo. Trời đang trở lạnh đấy!

…………………………………………………………………………………..

9. Lisa đang ăn trưa ở căng-tin với bạn thân của cô ấy.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

10. Bố tôi đang sửa chiếc xe đạp của tôi.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành – Present Perfect

3.1. Khái niệm
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành  (Present perfect tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc đã bắt đầu từ trong quá khứ, kéo
dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục tiếp diễn trong tương lai.

3.2. Công thức thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Khẳng định: S + have/has + V3/ed + O
Ex: I have done my homework. (Tôi hoàn thành xong bài tập)   
      She has had dinner with her family (Cô ấy đã ăn tối với gia đình)
Phủ định: S + have/has + not + V3/ed + O
Ex: I haven’t done my homework. (Tôi chưa làm xong bài tập)
      She hasn’t completed the assigned work (Cô ấy không hoàn thành công việc được giao)
Nghi vấn: Have/has + S + V3/ed + O?
Ex: Have you done your homework? (Em đã làm xong bài tập về nhà chưa ?)
       Has she visited the children at the orphanage? (Cô ấy đã đi thăm các bạn nhỏ tại trại trẻ mồ côi chưa?)

3.3. Cách dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra hoặc chưa bao giờ xảy ra ở 1 thời gian không xác định trong quá khứ.
Diễn tả sự lặp đi lặp lại của 1 hành động trong quá khứ.
Được dùng với since và for.
 Since + thời gian bắt đầu (1995, I was young, this morning etc.). Khi người nói dùng since, người nghe phải tính thời gian là
bao lâu.
For + khoảng thời gian (từ lúc đầu tới bây giờ). Khi người nói dùng for, người nói phải tính thời gian là bao lâu.
Ex: I’ve done all my homework (Tôi đã làm tất cả bài tập về nhà)
      She has lived in Liverpool all her life (Cô ấy đã sống ở Liverpool cả đời)

3.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành
Trong câu thường chứa các các từ sau:
Just, recently, lately: gần đây, vừa mới
Already : đã….rồi , before: đã từng
Not….yet: chưa
Never, ever
Since, for
So far = until now = up to now: cho đến bây giờ
So sánh nhất

4. Sử dụng trong bài thi IELTS

4.1. Dùng để mô tả sự thật hoặc thành tựu của ai đó, đặc biệt dùng trong Speaking Part 2

 David Beckham, who used to be a very famous British footballer, is now a philanthropist and he  has done many
charity programs so far. (Sự thật – Speaking part 2 – Describe your favorite celebrity)
 Minh – my next door neighbor is the boy who has gained several provincial prizes in some English competitions.
(Thành tựu – Speaking part 2 – Describe the person that you are impressive with)
 Moreover, human beings have emitted  exhaust fumes worldwide, which may be the main cause of air pollution.
(Sự thật – Câu này có thể được sử dụng trong cả Speaking part 3 và Writing task 2)

4.2. Kể về một vấn đề vẫn chưa được giải quyết trong Speaking part 2/3 or Writing task 2

 Whether animal testing should be banned has still been a matter of heated debate.   (1 vấn đề chưa được giải
quyết – Writing task 2)

Bài 1. Cho dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc

 1. She (be)…………. at her computer for eight hours.
2. Hannah (not/have) ……………any fun a long time.
3. My grandfather (not/ play)……….. any sport since last year.
4. You’d better have a shower. You (not/have)………. one since Monday.
5. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see)…………. each other for ten years.
6. I…… just (realize)…………… that there are only three weeks to the end of the semester.
7. Anna (finish) … reading three books this month. 
8. How long…….. (you/know)………. each other?
9. ……….(You/ take)………… many photographs?
10. Jack (eat)………………. at the Sheraton Hotel yet?

Bài 2. Hoàn thành các câu sau dựa theo từ đã cho sẵn

Our family/ not eat/ out/ since/ dad’s birthday.

…………………………………………..
How/ long/ Chris/ live/ there?
…………………………………………..
You/ ever/ been/ China?
…………………………………………..
Laura/ not/ meet/ children/ last summer.
…………………………………………..
Your uncle/ repair/ lamps/ yet?
…………………………………………..

Bài 3. Chia các động từ sau ở thì phù hợp. (Sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành)

1. My father (not/ play)……….. any sport since last year.

2. Some people (attend)………….the meeting right now.
3. I’d better have a shower. I (not/have)……………………one since Thursday.
4. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see)……………………each other for five years.
5. Where is your mother? She………………………(have) dinner in the kitchen.
6. Why are all these people here? What (happen)…………………………..?
7. I………………….just (realize)…………… that there are only four weeks to the end of term.
8. She (finish) … reading two books this week.
9. At present, he (compose)……………………a piece of music.
10. We (have)……………………dinner in a restaurant right now.

Bài tập 4. Đọc các tình huống, sử dụng các động từ dưới đây và viết lại câu với thì hiện tại hoàn thành

arrive – break – fall – go – up – grow – improve – lose

Mẫu:

 Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it.

=  Tom has lost his key.

1. Lisa can’t walk and her leg is in plaster.

Lisa ……………….. . …. …………………………………….. .
2. Last week the bus fare was £1 .80. Now it is £2.
The bus fare …………………………………. ………….. ..
3. Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is better.
Her English …………………………………………………….. .
4. Dan didn’t have a beard before. Now he has a beard.
Dan ………………………………………………………………..
5. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it.
The letter ………………………………………………………..
 6. The temperature was 20 degrees. Now it is only 12.
The ……………………………………………. ………………………

Bài 5. Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng

1. I haven’t cutted my hair since last June

.…………………………………………..
2. She has not working as a teacher for almost 5 years.
…………………………………………..
3. The lesson haven’t started yet.
…………………………………………..
4. Has the cat eat yet?
…………………………………………..
5. I am worried that I still hasn’t finished my homework yet.
…………………………………………..
6. I have just decided to start working next week.
…………………………………………..
7. He has been at his computer since seven hours.
…………………………………………..
8. She hasn’t received any good news since a long time.
…………………………………………..
9. My father hasn’t played any sport for last year.
…………………………………………..
10. I’d better have a shower. I hasn’t hadone since Thursday.
…………………………………………..

Bài tập 6. Chia thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn

Bài tập nâng cao này sẽ giúp bạn nhận biết rõ về thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn – đây là 2 thì nhiều bạn dễ bị nhầm

lẫn nhất

1. When………you………this wonderful skirt? (to design)

2. My mother………into the van. (not/ to crash)
3. The boys………the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off)
4. .………you………your aunt last week? (to phone)
5. He………milk at school. (not/ to drink)
6. The police………two people early this morning. (to arrest)
7. She………to Japan but now she………back. (to go – to come)
8. Dan………two tablets this year. (already/ to buy)
9. How many games………so far this season? (your team/ to win)

Bài 7. Bài tập chuyển đổi thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn

1. She hasn’t written to me since March. -> The last time …

2. Mrs.Linh has taught the children in that remote village for two years -> Mrs.Linh started …
3. Nhi and Bin have been married for seven years. -> It’s seven years …
4. He hasn’t written to me for years. -> It’s years …
5. He hasn’t had a swim for four years. -> He last …

Đáp án 1

1. has been
2. hasn’t had
 3. hasn’t played Đáp án 6
4. haven’t had
5. haven’t seen
1. When did you design this wonderful skirt?
6. have…realized 2. My mother did not crash into the van.
7. has finished 3. The boys took off the mudguards of their
8. have…known bicycles.
9. Have you taken 4. Did you phone your aunt last week?
10. Has Jack eaten 5. He did not drink milk at school.
6. The police arrested two people early this
morning.
Đáp án 2 7. She went to Japan but now she has come back.
8. Dan has already bought two tablets this year.
1. Our family haven’t eaten out since dad’s birthday. 9. How many games has your team won so far this
season?
2. How long has Chris lived there?
3. Have you ever been to China?
4. Laura hasn’t met her children since last summer.
5. Has your uncle repaired the lamps yet?

Đáp án 3

1. hasn’t played
2. are attending
3. haven’t had
4. haven’t seen
5. is having
6. is happening
7. have just realized
8. has finished
9. is composing

10. are having

Đáp án 7
Đáp án 4
1. The last time she wrote to me was in March.
1. Lisa has broken her leg. 2. Mrs.Linh started to teach the children in that
2. The bus fare has gone up. remote village two years ago.
3. Her English has improved. 3. It’s seven years since Nhi and Bin were married.
4. It’s years since he wrote to me.
4. Dan has grown a beard.
5. He last had a swim was four years ago.
5. The letter has arrived.
6. The temperature has fallen.

Đáp án 5

1. cutted => cut

2. working => worked
3. haven’t => hasn’t
4. eat => eaten
5. hasn’t => haven’t
6. Không sai
7. since => for
8. since => for
9. for => since
10. hasn’t => haven’t

4. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Present Perfect Continuous
4.1. Khái niệm
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn  (Present perfect continuous tense) là thì diễn tả sự việc bắt đầu trong quá khứ và tiếp tục
ở hiện tại có thể tiếp diễn ở tương lai sự việc đã kết thúc nhưng ảnh hưởng kết quả còn lưu lại hiện tại.

4.2. Công thức thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Khẳng định: S + have/has + been + V_ing
Ex: She has been running all day. (Cô ấy đã chạy liên tục cả ngày)
Phủ định: S + have/has + not + been + V_ing
Ex: She has not been running all day. (Cô ấy không chạy liên tục cả ngày)
Nghi vấn: Has/ Have + S + been+ V_ing?
Ex: Has she been running all day? (Có phải cô ấy đã chạy liên tục cả ngày? )

4.3. Cách dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Dùng để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của một sự việc bắt đầu từ quá khứ và tiếp diễn đến hiện tại.
Ex: She has been learning English for 6 years. (Cô ấy đã học tiếng Anh được 6 năm)
Diễn tả hành động vừa kết thúc với mục đích nêu lên tác dụng và kết quả của hành động ấy.
Ex: I am exhausted because I have been working all day. (Tôi kiệt sức bởi vì tôi đã làm việc cả ngày)
4.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Các từ để nhận biết:
All day, all week, all month: cả ngày/ tuần/tháng
Since, for

Bài 1: Hoàn thành các câu bên dưới

1. It’s raining. The rain started two hours ago. It‘s been raining for two hours.
2. We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting for 20 minutes. We ….. for 20 minutes.
3. I’m learning Spanish. I started classes in December. I ….. since December.
4. Mary is working in London. She started working there on 18 January. ……. since 18 January.
5. Our friends always spend their holidays in Italy. They started going there years ago. ……. for years.

Bài 2: Hoàn tất các câu sau dựa vào những từ gợi ý cho sẵn

1. We/ not/ want/ go/ because/ be/ play/ football

2. Chingun/ be/ sleep/ hours/ so/ house/ quiet.
3. He/ drink/ alcohol/ since/ we/ see/
4. I/ do/ work/ whole/ day/ now/ be/ tired.
5. She/ not/ see/ parents/ so long/ because/ she/ busy.

Bài 3: Đặt câu với thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn 

1. You have just arrived to meet a boy who is waiting for you.

(you/wait/long)

→ _______________________________________________?

2. You meet an old friend in the street. His face and hands are really strange.

(what/to/do?)

→ _______________________________________________?

3. A friend of yours is now working in a drug store. You want to know how long.

(how long/you/work/there?)
→ _______________________________________________?

4. A friend tells you about her job – she is an accountant. You want to know how long.

(how long/you/work/accountant?)

→ _______________________________________________?

Bài 4: Đọc các tình huống và hoàn thành các câu cho đúng. Sử dụng các động từ trong ngoặc

Ví dụ: 

1. Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53.

 He has been reading for two hours. (read)

 He has read 53 pages so far. (read)

2. Rachel is from Australia. She is traveling around Europe at the moment. She began her trip three months ago.

 She __________________________________ for three months. (travel)

  __________________________________ six countries so far. (visit)

3. Patrick is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he won the national championship

again-for the fourth time.

  __________________________________ the national championship four times. (win)

  __________________________________ since he was ten. (play)

4. When they left college, Lisa and Sue started making films together. They still make films.

 They __________________________________ films since they left college. (make)

  __________________________________ five films since they left college. (make)

Đáp án 1

1. has been raining

2. have been waiting
 3. have been learning Spanish
4. she has been working there
5. they’ve been going there

Đáp án 2

1. We don’t want to go out because We have been playing football.

2. Chingun has been sleeping for hours, so the house is very quiet.
3. He has been drinking alcohol since we saw him.
4. I have been doing my homework for the whole day, so now I am tired.
5. She has not been seeing her parents for so long because she is extremely busy.

Đáp án 3

1. Have you been waiting long?

2. What have you been doing?
3. How long have you been working there?
4. How long have you been working as an accountant?

Đáp án 4

2. She has been traveling

She has visited

3. He has won

He has been playing tennis

4. They have been making…

They have made…

5. Thì quá khứ đơn– Simple Past

5.1. Khái niệm

Thì quá khứ đơn  (Past simple tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc diễn ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.
5.2. Công thức thì quá khứ đơn

Loại
Đối với động từ thường Đối với động từ “to be”
câu 

Khẳng
S + V2/ed + O S + was/were + O
định

Phủ định S + didn’t + V_inf + O S + was/were + not + O

Nghi vấn Did + S + V_inf + O? Was/were + S + O?

I saw Peter yesterday. I was tired yesterday. (Ngày hôm qua tôi đã rất
(Ngày hôm qua tôi đã nhìn thấy Peter) mệt)
I didn’t go to school yesterday.  The supermarket was not full yesterday. (Ngày
Ví Dụ
(Ngày hôm qua tôi đã không đi học) hôm qua, siêu thị không đông)
-Did you visit Mary last week? (Tuần trước bạn Were you absent yesterday? (Hôm qua bạn
đến thăm Mary phải không ?) vắng phải không?

5.3. Cách dùng thì quá khứ đơn

Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ.
Ex: I went to the “Trang Quynh” movie with my boyfriend 3 days ago (tôi đi xem phim “Trạng Quỳnh” với bạn trai vào 3 ngày
trước)
Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ. 
Ex: I used to go swimming with neighbor friends when I was young. (Lúc nhỏ tôi đã từng đi bơi với các bạn hàng xóm)
Diễn tả chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tiếp
Ex:  I got up, brushed my teeth and then had breakfast. (Tôi thức dậy, đánh răng rồi ăn sáng)
Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 2
Ex: If you studied hard, you could pass the entrance examination. (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, thì bạn đã đậu kỳ thi đại học)

5.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ đơn

Các từ thường xuất hiện:
Ago: cách đây…
In…
Yesterday: ngày hôm qua
Last night/month…: tối qua, tháng trước

Bài 1: Viết lại câu thì quá khứ đơn sử dụng từ gợi ý đã cho.

1. Yesterday/I/see/Jaden/on/way/come home.
2. What/you/do/last Monday/You/look/tired/when/come/our house.
3. Linda/not/eat/anything/because/full.
4. cats/go/out/him/go shopping//They/look/happy.
5. You and your classmates/not/study/lesson?

Bài 2: Chia các động từ sau ở thì quá khứ đơn.

1. I _____ at my mom’s home yesterday. (stay) 

2. Hannah ______ to the theatre last Sunday. (go)
3. I and my classmates ______ a great time in Da Nang last year. (have)
4. My holiday in California last summer ______ wonderful. (be)
5. Last January I _____ Sword Lake in Ha Noi. (visit)
6. My grandparents ____ very tired after the trip. (be)
7. I _______ a lot of gifts for my older brother. (buy)
8. James and Belle _______ sharks, dolphins and turtles at Vinpearl aquarium. (see)
 9. Gary _____ chicken and rice for lunch. (eat)
10. We ____ about their holiday in Ca Mau. (talk)

Bài 3: Bài tập trắc nghiệm thì quá khứ đơn có giải thích chi tiết

Câu 1: Jorge………………….to Brazil earlier this year.

Went gone go goes
Câu 2: I…………………for seven hours last night.
was slept slept has slept sleep
Câu 3: Where……………….. last night?
have you gone did you went did you go are you
Câu 4: Did you just ………………. me a liar?
Call called have called
Câu 5: I ………….. smoking a long time ago.
have stopped have been stopping stopped stop

Bài 4: Chia quá khứ đơn của các động từ trong ngoặc

1. He (do) nothing before he saw me.

2. I (be) sorry that I had hurt him.
3. After they had gone, I (sit) down and (rest).

Bài 5: Dùng các từ sau để hoàn thành các câu phía dưới.

Go Be Sleep Cook Write

1. She….out with her boyfriend last night. ->…

2. Laura….a meal yesterday afternoon. -> …
3. Mozart ….more than 600 pieces of music. -> …
4. I …. tired when I came home. -> …
5. The bed was very comfortable so they…..very well. ->…

Bài 6: Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây với động từ dạng phụ định

1. I knew Sarah was busy, so I __ her. (disturb)

2. The bed was uncomfortable. I _ well. (sleep)
3. They weren’t hungry, so they _ anything. (eat)
4. We went to Kate’s house but she __ at home. (be)

Đáp án 1

1. Yesterday, I saw Jaden on the way I came home.

2. What did you do last Monday? You looked tired when you came to our house.
3. Linda didn’t eat anything because she was full.
4. The cats went out with him to go shopping. They looked very happy.
 5. Did you and your classmates not study the lesson?

Đáp án 2

6. were
1. stayed

7. bought
2. went
8. saw
3. had
9. ate
4. was
10. talked
5. visited
 
Đáp án 3
Câu 1: 
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: “this year”. Đây là một câu kể lại một hoạt động đã xảy ra trong năm qua, chúng ta chia thì quá khứ đơn.
Phương án đúng là phương án A.
Câu 2: B.
Câu 3:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: “last night”. Ta chia thì quá khứ đơn. Phương án đúng là phương án C.
Dịch nghĩa: Bạn đã đi đâu hôm qua?
Câu 4: 
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Dễ dàng xác định đây là câu ở quá khứ đơn. Theo cấu trúc câu hỏi “yes/no” question của thì quá khứ đơn,
trợ động từ “did”. Phương án đúng là phương án A.
Dịch nghĩa: Bạn đã gọi tôi là một kẻ nói láo đấy à?
Câu 5: 
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: “ago”. Chúng ta chia thì quá khứ đơn. Phương án đúng là phương án C.
Dịch nghĩa: Tôi đã ngừng hút thuốc cách đây một thời gian.

Đáp án: 4
did (had done)
was
sat / rested

Đáp án: 5
She….out with her boyfriend last night. -> went
Laura….a meal yesterday afternoon. -> cooked
Mozart ….more than 600 pieces of music. -> wrote
I …. tired when I came home. -> was
The bed was very comfortable so they…..very well. -> slept

Đáp án:6
did not disturb / didn’t disturb
did not sleep / didn’t sleep
did not eat / didn’t eat
was not / wasn’t

6. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn – Past Continuous

6.1. Khái niệm

Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn  (Past continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc đang diễn ra xung quanh một thời
điểm trong quá khứ.
6.2. Công thức thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Khẳng định: S + was/were + V_ing + O
Ex: She was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. (Tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy đang xem tv)
Phủ định: S + was/were + not + V_ing + O
Ex: She wasn’t watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. (Tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy không xem tv)
Nghi vấn: Was/were + S + V_ing + O?
Ex: Was she watching TV at 8 o’clock last night? (Có phải tối hôm qua lúc 8 giờ cô ấy đang xem TV?)

6.3. Cách dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex: I was having dinner at 7 o’clock last night. (Tôi đang ăn tối lúc 7 giờ tối hôm qua)
Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì một hành động khác xen vào (hành động xen vào thường được chia
ở quá khứ đơn).
Ex: I was watching TV when she called. (Trong khi đang xem TV thì cô ấy gọi)
Diễn tả những hành động xảy ra song song với nhau.
Ex: While Ellen was reading book, Tom was watching television. (Trong khi Ellen đang đọc sách thì Tom đang xem TV)

6.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Trong câu xuất hiện các từ:
At 5pm last Sunday
At this time last night
When/ while/ as
From 4pm to 9pm…

Homework

1. At this time last year, they (build) this stadium.

2. I (drive) my motorbike very fast when James called me.
3. I (chat) with Hannah while Mr. Henry (teach) the lesson yesterday.
4. My brother (watch) TV when I got home.
5. At this time last night, I (prepare) for my husband’s birthday party.
6. What you (do) at 7 pm last Monday?
7. Where you (go) when I saw you last weekend?
8. They (not go) to church when I met them yesterday.
9. My mother (not do) the housework when our grandparents came home.
10. Ms. Stacey (read) books while her children (play) football yesterday afternoon.

Đáp án

1.were building 6.were you doing

 2.was driving 7.were you going

3.was chatting 8.weren’t going

4.was watching 9.wasn’t doing

5.was preparing 10.was reading, were playing

7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành – Past Perfect

7.1. Khái niệm

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành  (Past perfect tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá
khứ. Hành động nào xảy ra trước thì dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành. Hành động xảy ra sau thì dùng thì quá khứ đơn.
7.2. Công thức thì quá khứ hoàn thành
Khẳng định: S + had + V3/ed + O
Ex: By 4pm yesterday, he had left his house (Đến 4 giờ chiều ngày hôm qua, anh đã rời khỏi nhà.)
Phủ định: S + had + not + V3/ed + O
Ex: By 4pm yesterday, he had not left his house (Đến 4 giờ chiều ngày hôm qua, anh vẫn chưa rời khỏi nhà.)
Nghi vấn: Had + S + V3/ed + O?
Ex: Had he left his house by 4pm yesterday? ( Anh ấy đã rời khỏi nhà của mình trước 4 giờ chiều ngày hôm qua?)

7.3. Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành

Diễn tả hành động đã hoàn thành trước một thời điểm ở trong quá khứ.
Ex: By 4pm yesterday she had left his house. (Cô ấy rời nhà trước 4 giờ hôm qua)
Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác ở trong quá khứ. Hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì quá khứ
hoàn thành – hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì quá khứ đơn.
Ex: Before she went to bed, she had done her homework. (Trước khi cô ấy đi ngủ, cô ấy đã làm xong bài tập)
Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3
Ex: If you had studied hard, you could have passed the entrance examination. (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, bạn đã đậu kỳ
thi đại học)

7.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ hoàn thành
Trong câu chứa các từ:
By the time, prior to that time
As soon as, when
Before, after

Bài 1. Chia động từ cho sẵn theo dạng đúng thì quá khứ hoàn thành

1. When David came, everybody ________ (leave).

2. He ________ (already/watch) the movie, so he wouldn’t want to see it atopgain.
3. My kids didn’t eat anything at the party because they _________ (eat) dinner at home.
4. The motorbike burned just after it ______ (crash) into the tree.
5. John _______ (not/complete) his homework by the deadline, so he called his teacher to tell that he would submit
it late.
6. She didn’t cry because she _______ (know) the truth.

Bài 2. Chia động từ đã gợi ý theo dạng đúng thì quá khứ hoàn thành

1. The tornado destroyed the tent that we (build) ____________.

2. She (not / be) ____________ to Hanoi before 2018.
3. When he went out to play, he (do / already) ____________ his homework.
4. My sister ate all of the cake that our mum (make) ____________ .
5. The nurse took off the plaster that she (put on) ____________ six weeks before.
6. The waitress brought a drink that I (not / order) ____________ .
7. I could not remember the song we (learn) ____________ three week before.
8. The children collected mangos that (fall) ____________ from the tree.
9. (she / phone) ____________ Nam before she went to see him in Laos?
10. He (not / ride) ____________ a elephants before that day.

Bài 3. Viết lại câu dựa vào những từ cho sẵn, kết hợp thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ hoàn thành

1. David had gone home before we arrived. After…………………………………………………………………………………….

2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops. Before……………………………………………………………………………………
3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
When…………………………………………………………………………………….
4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.
By the time…………………………………………………………………………….
 5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
Before………………………………………………………………………………….

Bài 4. Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng từ cho trước

1. You went to Suc’s house, but she wasn’t there. (she/ go/ out)
2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn’t the same asbefore. (it/ change/ a lot)
3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn’t come. (she/ arrange/ to do something else)
4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late. (the film/ already/ begin)
5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time. (I/ not/ see/ him for five years)
6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn’t hungry. (she/ just/ have breakfast)

Đáp án 1

1. had left 2. had already watched 3. had eaten

 4. had crashed 5. hadn’t completed 6. had known

Đáp án 2

1. had built
2. had not been
3. had already done
4. had made
5. had put on
6. had not ordered
7. had learned
8. had fallen
9. had she phoned
10. had not ridden

Đáp án 3

1. After David had gone home, we arrived.

2. Before we took a look around the shops, we had had lunch.
3. When we got out of the office, the light had gone out.
4. By the time we started our work, she had explained everything clearly.
5. Before my mother came home, my father had watered all the plants in the garden.

Đáp án 4

1. She had gone out.

2. It had changed a lot.
3. She’d arranged to do something else.
4. The film had already begun.
5. I hadn’t seen him for five years.
6. She’just had breakfast.

8. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Past Perfect Continuous

8.1. Khái niệm

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành  tiếp diễn (Past perfect continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc đã đang xảy ra
trong quá khứ và kết thúc trước một hành động cũng xảy ra trong quá khứ.
8.2. Công thức thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Khẳng định: S + had been + V_ing + O
Ex: He had been watching films. (Anh ấy đã đang xem phim)
Phủ định: S + had + not + been + V_ing + O
Ex: He hadn’t been watching film. 
Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V_ing + O?
Ex: Had he been watching films? (Có phải anh ấy đã đang xem phim?)

8.3. Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Past perfect continuous
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Past perfect continuous tense) dùng để nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động
đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác xảy ra và cũng kết thúc trong quá khứ.
Ex: Sam gained weight because he had been overeating
      I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it

8.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Trong câu thường chứa:
Before, after
Until then
Since, for

Bài 1. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.

1. Hannah and James were very happy when I arrived, they (wait) …………for me.
2. Their team (run) ……………along the road for about 30 minutes before the referee stopped them.
3. My husband said he (stop) ……………………………smoking for 5 months before we met.
4. My mother and I (talk) ……………………… on the line for 3 hours.
5. That rich man (pay) ………………………….. for his new apartment in cash.
6. I (have) …………………….dinner by the time my grandparents came into the restaurant.
7. It (rain) ……………………….. for a month before the storm came last week.

Bài 2. Chia động từ theo thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn hoặc thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

1. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He (look)……….for his cigarette lighter.
2. We (walk)………..along the road for about 20 minutes before a car stopped and the driver offered us a lift.
3. When I arrived, everyone was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They (eat)………………….
4. When I arrived, everyone was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs
were full. They (eat)…………….
5. Ann (wait)…………..for me when I came. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she (wait)…………
for a long time.

Bài 3. Chia động từ vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành câu

1. We were very tired when we arrived home. (we/work/hard all day) ___________________.
2. Two friends came into the house. They had tennis and they were both very tired. (they/play/tennis)
___________________.
3. She was disappointed when she had to cancel her holiday. (she/look/forward to it) ____________________.
4. Nam woke up in the middle of the night. He was frightened and didn’t know where she was. (he/dream)
___________________.
5. When we got home, Lisa was sitting in front of the TC. She had just turned it off. (she/watch/a film)
___________________.

Bài 4. Chọn đáp án đúng nhất

1. It was very rowdy next door. Our neighbours ………….(have) a party.

 A. have B. had C. were having D. had been having

2. Jenny and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with her because she ……..(walk) so fast

A. was walking B. had walked C. Have been walking D. walked

3. James was sitting on the ground. He was out of breath. He……………….. (run)

A. runs B. run C. had been running D. had run

4. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He ……………(look) for his contact lens.

A. looked B. was looking C. had been looked D. had been looking

5. When I arrived, John ……………. (wait) for me. He was annoyed with me because I was late and he …………………(wait) for a

long time.

A. waited – B. was waiting – had C. was waiting – D. waited – had been

waited been waiting was waiting waiting

Bài 5. Điền vào chỗ trống

1. I (word) ____ all day, so I didn’t want to go out.

2. She (sleep) ____ for ten hours when I woke her.
3. They (live) ____ in Beijing for three years when he lost his job.
4. When we met, you (work) ____ at that company for six months.
5. We (eat) ____ all day, so we felt a bit ill.
6. He was red in the face because he (run) ____.
7. It (rain) ____ and the road was covered in water.
8. I was really tired because I (study) ____.
9. We (go) ____ out for three years when we got married.
10. It (snow) ____ for three days.

Đáp án 1

1.  had been waiting

2. had been running
 3. had been stopping
4. had been talking
5. had been singing
6. had been having
7. had been raining

6. (wait)…………for a long time.

Đáp án 2

1. was looking
2. had been walking
3. were eating
4. had been eating
5. was waiting, had been waiting

Đáp án 3

1. We had been working hard all day.

2. They had been playing tennis.
3. She had been looking forward to it.
4. He had been dreaming.
5. She had been watching a film.

Đáp án 4

1. C
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. B

Đáp án 5

1. had been working

2. had been sleeping
3. had been living
4. had been working
5. had been eating
6. had been running
7. had been raining
8. had been studying
9. had been going
10. had been snowing

9. Thì tương lai đơn – Simple Future

9.1. Khái niệm
Thì tương lai đơn  trong tiếng Anh (Simple future tense) được dùng khi không có kế hoạch hay quyết định làm gì nào trước
khi chúng ta nói. Chúng ta ra quyết định tự phát tại thời điểm nói.
9.2. Công thức thì tương lai đơn
Khẳng định: S + will/shall/ + V_inf + O
Phủ định: S + will/shall + not + V_inf + O
Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + V_inf + O?

9.3. Cách dùng thì tương lai đơn

Diễn tả một dự đoán nhưng không có căn cứ.
Ex: I think It will rain. 
Diễn tả một quyết định đột xuất ngay lúc nói.
Ex: I will bring coffee to you. 
Diễn tả lời ngỏ ý, một lời hứa, đe dọa, đề nghị.
Ex: I will never speak to you again. 
Dùng trong mệnh đề chính của câu điều kiện loại I.
Ex: If you don’t hurry, you will be late.

9.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai đơn

Trong câu thường có:
Tomorrow: ngày mai
in + thời gian
Next week/ month/ year: tuần tới/tháng/năm
10 years from now

Bài 1. Điền dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc

1. If it rains, he (stay)____ at home

2. In two days, I (know)_____ my results
3. I think he (not come)____________back his hometown
4. I (finish)______ my report in 2 days.
5. We believe that she (recover) from her illness soon

Bài 2. Dùng từ gợi ý viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh

1. If/ you/ not/ study/ hard/,/ you/ not/ pass/ final/ exam
2. they / come/ tomorrow?
3. rains/ it/ he/ home/ if/ stay.
4. I’m/ she /able/ afraid/ to/ be/ come/ to/ party/ the/ not.
5. You/ look/ tired,/ so/ I/ bring/ you/ something/ eat

Bài 3. Điền vào chỗ trống sử dụng những từ trong bảng sau để hoàn thành một bài Speaking Part 2 hoàn chỉnh

Question: How would you think the modern technology will change the workplace in the next 100 years?

Thanks to modern technology, there have been enormous changes in the workplace over the past 100 years.
So now let us consider the changes that (1)……………… in the next 100 years. Unfortunately, I believe that not all changes (2)
…………for the better. For example,  more people (3)………… … from home and so they (4)………… more isolated from their
colleagues. On the other hand they (5)………… greater freedom to choose their working hours.
A further possible change is that handwriting (6)…………… obsolete. We are already so used to using a keyboard that today’s
children are losing the ability to spell without the aid of a word processor.
Without a doubt, even greater changes (7)…………… in technology used in the workplace. Computers (8)……………… to grow even
more powerful and this (9) …………………… in an even faster pace of life than we have now. Let us hope that our employers (10)
……………… way to reduce the stress on worker’s this fast pace can bring.
I also think these improvements in technology (11)……………… even more globalization than now and companies (12)…………………
very strong international links.

Bài 4. Chia động từ ở các câu sau (ở thì tương lai đơn hoặc be going to V)

1. I’m afraid I……………… (not/ be) able to come tomorrow.

2. Because of the train strike, the meeting ……………… (not/ take) place at 9 o’clock.
3. A: “Go and tidy your room.”
B: “Okay. I ……………… (do) it now!”
4. If it rains, we ……………… (not/ go) to the beach.
5. In my opinion, she ……………… (not/ pass) the exam.
6. A: “I’m driving to the party, would you like a lift?”
B: “Thank you but I ……………… (take) the bus.”
7. Look at the sky! It………………(rain) very heavily!
8. The company (hold)………………a very important meeting next month.
9. According to the weather forecast, it ……………… (not/ snow) tomorrow.
10. I think I (go)…………………study abroad

8. Đáp án

Bài 1
 1. will stay
2. will know
3. won’t come
4. will finish
5. will recover

Bài 2

1. If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass final exam

2. Will you come tomorrow?
3. If it’s rain, he will stay at home
4. I’m afraid she won’t be able to come to the party
5. You look so tired, I will bring you something to eat.

Bài 3

1. are likely to occur

2. will be
3. are predicted to work
4. are going to feel
5. will have
6. is likely to become
7. are going to happen
8. will continue
9. will result
10. will find
11. are likely to lead to
12. will develop

Bài 4

1. will not be
2. will not take
3. will do
4. will not go
5. will not pass
6. will take
7. is going to rain
8. is going to hold
9. is not going to snow
10. am going to

10. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn – Future Continuous

10.1. Khái niệm
Thì tương lai tiếp diễn  (Future continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc sẽ đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm
cụ thể trong tương lai.
10.2 Công thức thì tương lai tiếp diễn
Khẳng định: S + will/shall + be + V-ing
Phủ định: S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing
Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + be + V-ing?
10.3. Cách dùng thì tương lai tiếp diễn
Diễn tả hành động hay sự việc đang diễn ra ở một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai hoặc hành động sẽ diễn ra và kéo dài
liên tục suốt một khoảng thời gian ở tương lai. 
Đôi khi nó cũng diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ta như một phần trong kế hoạch hoặc một phần trong thời gian biểu.
Ex: She will be climbing on the mountain at this time next Saturday
      The party will be starting at nine o’clock
10.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai tiếp diễn
Trong câu thường chứa các cụm từ:
Next year, next week
Next time, in the future, And soon

Bài 1. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:

1. They are staying at the hotel in Paris. At this time next week, they (travel) in New York.
2. My grandparents (visit) Asia at this time next month.
3. Dory (sit) on the bus at 11 am tomorrow.
4. At 7 o’clock this morning my friends and I (watch) a famous play at the theatre.
5. Gary (play) with his son at 8 o’clock tonight.
6. Tony (work) at this moment next week.
7. Our team (make) our presentation at this time tomorrow morning.

Bài 2. Hoàn thành câu dùng từ gợi ý đã cho.

1. They/be/play/soccer/time/tomorrow/their classmates.
2. It/seem/her/that/she/be/study/abroad/time/she/graduate/next year.
3. The kids/be/live/London/for/3 months/because/visit/their uncle’s house.
4. Lucas/be/do/homework/7 p.m/tomorrow evening//so/I/not/ask/him/go out.
5. Henry and I/not/be/have/lunch/together/when/she/come/tomorrow.

Bài 3: Hoàn thành các câu sau

1. Don’t phone between 7 and 8. We. …………….. (have) dinner then.

2. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock, ………………. (we/play) tennis.
3. A: Can we meet tomorrow?
B: Yes, but not in the afternoon. …………….. (I/work).
4. If you need to contact me, …. (I/stay) at the Lion Hotel until Friday.
5. They are staying at the hotel in London. At this time tomorrow, they (travel) ………….. in Vietnam.
6. When they come tomorrow, we (swim) ………….. in the sea.
7. My parents (visit) ………….. Europe at this time next week
8. Daisy (sit) ………….. on the plane at 9 am tomorrow.
9. She (play) ………….. with her son at 7 o’clock tonight
10. What ………. she (do)……….. at 10 p.m tomorrow?

Đáp án 1

1. will be travelling
2. will be visiting
3. will be sitting
 4. will be watching
5. will be playing
6. will be working
7. will be making

Đáp án 2

1. They will be playing soccerl at that time tomorrow with classmates.

2. It seems to her that she will be studying abroad by the time she graduates next year.
3. The kids will be living in London for 3 months because of their visit to their uncle’s house.
4. Lucas will be doing his homework at 7 p.m. tomorrow evening, so I don’t ask him to go out.
5. Henry and I will not/won’t be having lunch together when she comes tomorrow.

Đáp án 3

1. will be having

2. Will be playing

3. will be working

4. will be staying

5. will be travelling

6. will be swimming

7. will be visiting

8. will be sitting

9. will be playing
10. will she be doing

11. Thì tương lai hoàn thành – Future Perfect

11.1. Khái niệm
Thì tương lai hoàn thành  (Future perfect tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc hoàn thành trước một thời
điểm trong tương lai.
11.2. Công thức thì tương lai hoàn thành
Khẳng định: S + shall/will + have + V3/ed
Ex: I will have finished my homework by 9 o’clock. (Tôi sẽ hoàn thành bài tập về nhà trước 9 giờ)
Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT + have + V3/ed + O
Ex: They will have not built their house by the end of this month. (Trước cuối tháng này, họ vẫn sẽ chưa xây xong ngôi nhà)
Nghi vấn: Shall/Will+ S + have + V3/ed?
Ex: Will you have finished your homework by 9 o’clock? (Bạn sẽ làm xong bài trước 9 giờ chứ?)
→ Yes, I will / No, I won’t.

11.3. Cách dùng thì tương lai hoàn thành

Diễn tả 1 hành động trong tương lai sẽ kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác trong tương lai.
Ex: She will have finished her homework before 11 o’clock this evening.
      When you come back, I will have typed this email.

11.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai hoàn thành
Trong câu chứa các từ:
By, before + thời gian tương lai
By the time …
By the end of +  thời gian trong tương lai

Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc

1. By the time you come home, I (write) the essay.

2. By this time next week they (visit) London.
3. By the time she intends to get to the airport, the plane (take) off.
4. By the year 2050 many people (lose) their houses.
5. I know by the time Jack and Marry come to my house this afternoon, I (go) out for a walk.
6. I hope they (finish) building the stadium by the time we come back next winter.
7. By 2020, the number of schools in our city (double).
8. These machines (work) very well by the time you come back next week.

Bài 2: Hoàn thành các câu sau

1. Jimmy/study/Chinese/before/move/China.
2. My kids/play/soccer/yard/their friends.
3. Hannah/take part/the dance competition?
4. Henry/finish/project/by the end/next year.
5. My grandmother/not/prepare/breakfast/by the time/we come.
6. Before/they/arrive/Rosie/read ‘Doraemon’.

Bài 3: Điền từ vào chố trống

1. By the end of this week, Amelia and Liam ______ (be) married for 2 years.
2. It ______ (rain) soon. Dark clouds are coming.
3. By the end of next month, Janet ______ (work) for the company for 12 years.
4. So far this year, I ______ (visit) lots of interesting places in Da Lat.
5. His grandparents ______ (take) care of him since he ______ (born).
6. I think they ______ (get) good results at the end of the course.
7. ______ (she / make) up her mind yet?
8. She ______ (visit) a lot of different countries so far this year.
9. By the time you arrive, they ______ (finish) their dinner.

Bài tập 4: Điền vào chỗ trống

 1. I (leave) ____ by six.
2. (You/finish) ____ the report by the deadline?
3. When (we/do) ____ everything?
4. She (finish) ____ her exams by then, so we can go out for dinner.
5. You (read) ____ the book before the next class.
6. She (not/finish) ____ work by seven.
7. When (you/complete) ____ the work?
8. They (arrive) ____ by dinner time.
9. We (be) ____ in London for three years next week.
10. (She/get) ____ home by lunch time?
11. (you/do) ____ everything by seven?
12. (not/eat) ____ before we come, so we’ll be hungry.
13. (he/finish) ____ his exams when we go on holiday?
14. (we/arrive) ____ by the time it gets dark?
15. How long (you/know) ____ your boyfriend when you get married?
16. He (not/complete) ____ the project by July.
17. I (not/finish) ____ the essay by the weekend.
18. Why (she/finish) ____ the cleaning by six?
19. How long (you/be) ____ in this company when you retire?
20. They (not/go) ____ at six.

Bài tập 5: Điền vào chỗ trống

1. Anne (to repair) ____ her bike next week.

2. We (to do) ____ the washing by 8 o’clock.
3. She (to visit) ____ Paris by the end of next year.
4. I (to finish) ____ this by 6 o’clock.
5. Sam (to leave) ____ by next week.
6. She (to discuss) ____ this with her mother tonight.
7. The police (to arrest) ____ the driver.
8. They (to write) ____ their essay by tomorrow.
9. Paolo (to manage) ____ the teams.
10. If we can do that – then we (to fulfil) ____ our mission

Đáp án 1 Đáp án 4

1.will have stopped 1. will have left

2. Will you have finished
3. will we have done
4. will have finished
5. will have read
6. won’t have finished
7. will you have completed
8. will have arrived
2.will have visited

3.will have taken

4.will have lost

5.will have gone

6.will have repaired

7.will have doubled

8.will have worked

Đáp án 2

1. Jimmy will have studied the Chinese before he moves to China.

2. My kids will have played soccer in the yard with their friends.
3. Will Hannah have taken part in the dance competition?
4. Henry will have finished his project by the end of next year.
5. My grandmother won’t have prepared the breakfast by the time we came.
6. Before they arrive, Rosie will have read ‘Doraemon’.

Đáp án 3

1. will have been

2. is going to rain
3. will have worked
4. have visited
5. have taken – was born
6. will get
7. Has she made
8. has visited
9. will have finished

Đáp án 5

1. will have repaired

2. shall have done
3. will have visited
4. shall have finished
5. will have left
6. will have discussed
7. will have arrested
8. will have written
9. will have managed
10. shall have fulfilled

12. Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Future Perfect Continuous
12.1. Khái niệm
Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Future perfect continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc sẽ xảy ra và
xảy ra liên tục trước một thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai.
12.2. Công thức thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Khẳng định: S + will/shall + have been + V_ing
Ex: We will have been living in this house for 10 years by next month.
Phủ định: S + will not + have been + V_ing
Ex: We will not have been living in this house for 10 years by next month.  
Nghi vấn: Will/shall + S + have been + V-ing?
Ex: Will they have been building this house by the end of this year?

12.3. Cách dùng thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động sẽ đang xảy ra trong tương lai và sẽ kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác
trong tương lai.
Ex: I will have been studying English for 10 year by the end of next month
12.4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Trong câu xuất hiện các từ:
For + khoảng thời gian + by/ before + mốc thời gian trong tương lai
For 2 years by the end of this
By the time/ Month/By then
Câu điều kiện

Loại Công thức Cách sử dụng

0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh  Điều kiện diễn tả thói quen, sự thật hiển nhiên

If you see Nam, you tell him I’m in Vietnam 

1 If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall…… + V  Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại ở tương lai

 - Ví dụ: If the weather is nice, I will go swimming tomorrow.

2 If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should…+ V  Điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại

 - Ví dụ: If I were you, I would follow her advice.

3 If + S + Had + V(pp)/Ved, S + would/ could…+ have +  Điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ

V(pp)/Ved

 - Ví dụ: If I had studied the lessons, I could have answered

the questions.
Bài 1. Chia đúng dạng của động từ

1. By this time next month, we (go) _____ to school for 8  years.

2. By Christmas, I (work) _____ in this company for 6 years.
3. They (build) _____ a supermarket by November next year.
4. By the end of next year, Hannah (work) _____ as an French teacher for 5 years.
5. She (not, do) _____ gymnastics when she gets married to Frank.
 6. How long you (study) _____ when you graduate?
7. He (work) _____ for this office for 15 years by the end of this year.
8. My grandmother (cook) _____ dinner for 3 hours by the time we come home.

Bài 2. Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc

1. By January, I _____ (work) for this company for 22 years.
will have worked
will have been working
2. By May 19, I ______ (be) here for one month.
will have been
will have been being
3. By this time next week, he ______ (write) his book  for 3 months.
will have written
will have been writing
4. You _______ (finish) your homework by 8 tonight?
Will you have finished
Will you have been finishing
5. By 2023 we ______ (live) in London for 24 years.
will have lived
will have been living
6. She _____ (write) a novel by the end of the week.
will have written
will have been writing
7. Henry ______ (write) this book for 2 months by the end of this week.
will have written
will have been writing

Bài tập thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Bài 3. Điền vào chỗ trống

1. I (work) ____ all weekend so I won’t be energetic on Sunday night.

2. How long (you/wait) ____ when you finally get your exam results?
3. Julie (not/eat) ____ much, so we’ll need to make sure she has a good meal when she arrives.
4. How long (she/plan) ____ to move house when she finally moves?
5. (She/wait) ____ long by the time we get there?
6. (He/play) ____ computer games for ten hours when he finally stops?
7. (study) ____ all day, so they’ll want to go out in the evening.
8. They (not/stay) ____ in the hotel for long when she arrives.
9. She (play) ____ squash, so she won’t be dressed up.
10. We (look) ____ at houses for four months next Tuesday.
11. We (not/do) ____ this project for long when the inspector arrives.
12. How long (you/work) ____ on this project when it is finished?
13. (you/buy) ____ clothes when I see you?
14. He (not/do) ____ much work, so he’ll be happy to start a new project.
15. How long (the children/sleep) ____ in the living room when their new bedroom is ready?
16. How long (he/train) ____ when he enters the competition?
17. (You/take) ____ exams the day we meet?
18. I (answer) ____ students’ questions all morning, so I’ll want a quiet lunch.
19. (They/travel) ____ for long when they arrive?

Đáp án

Bài tập 1

1. will have been going

2. will have been working
 3. will have been building
4. will have been working
5. won’t have been doing
6. will you have been studying
7. will have been working
8. will have been cooking

Bài tập 2

1. will have been working

2. will have been being
3. will have been writing
4. Will you have finished
5. will have been living
6. will have written
7. will have been writing

Bài tập 3

1. ‘ll have been working

2. will you have been waiting
3. won’t have been eating
4. will she have been planning
5. Will she have been waiting
6. Will he have been playing
7. ‘ll have been studying
8. won’t have been staying
9. ‘ll have been playing
10. ‘ll have been looking
11. won’t have been doing
12. will you have been working
13. Will you have been buying
14. won’t have been doing
15. will the children have been sleeping
16. will he have been training
17. Will you have been taking
18. ‘ll have been answering\will have been answering
19. Will they have been travelling