F.

BEAM

 Moments due to Load

MI = -238.919 KN-m
MJ = 231.602 KN-m
MK = -253.552 KN-m
ML = -275.501 KN-m
MM = -268.185 KN-m

ρmax = 0.75 ρb

0.85 f c ' β (600)

ρb =
fy (600+ fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(600)
ρb =
415(600+ 415)
ρb = 0.021
ρmax = 0.75 ( 0.021 )=¿0.016

As = ρbd
As = 0.016 (350) (425)
As = 2380 mm²

No. of Steel Bars

2380
n= π = 7.576
(20)²
4
n ≈ 8−20 mm ∅ DSB

89
Check If Singly or Doubly
ρmax = 0.016
As
ρ=
bd
ρ = 8¿¿
ρ = 0.0169
0.0169 > 0.016
ρ> ρmax ; Doubly Reinforced

π 2
As = 4 [ ( 20 ) ¿ As = 1256.637 mm²
4
π 2
As’ = 4 [ ( 20 ) ¿
4
As’ = 1256.637 mm²

Check If Comp. bars will yield or not

0.85 f c ' βd ' (600)

ρ−ρ ‘ ___
fyd (600−fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(75)(600)
= 0.021
415(425)(600−415)
1256.637 1256.637
− =0
350(425) 350(425)

0.85 f c ' βd '(600)

ρ−ρ ‘ <
fyd (600−fy)
0 < 0.032; Comp. bars will not yield

T = C1 + C2
600(c−d ' )
Asfy = 0.85 fc’ βcb + As’ [ ¿
c
90
 600(c−75)
1256.637 (415) = 0.85 (20.7)(0.85)(c)(350) + 1256.637 [ ]
c
c = 84.077

a = βc
a = 0.85 (84.077)
a = 71.465

a '
Mu = ∅ [C1 (d - ¿+ C 2(d−d )
2
71.465
Mu = 0.90 [ 0.85(20.7)(71.465)(350)(425 - ) + (415)(256.637)(425-75)]
2
Mu = 318.459 KN-m

¿
FS = MOment due ¿ Design Moment due ¿ Load ¿

318.459 KN −m
FS =
275.501 KN −m
FS = 1.16 ( safe! )

91
ΣMK = 0
57.733 (7.5)(3.75) + 275.501 – 253.552 = RL (7.5)
RL = 219.425 KN
RK = 213.573 KN

Vu = R – Wd
Vu = 219.425 – 57.733 (0.425)
Vu = 194.888 KN

1
Vc = √ f c ' (b)(d)
6
1
Vc = √ 20.7 (350)(425)
6
Vc = 112.795 KN

Vu
= Vc + Vs
∅

92
194.888
=112.795 + Vs
0.85
Vs = 116.485 KN

π
Av = 2[ (10)²]
4
Av = 157.079 mm²

Av fy d
S=
Vs
157.079 ( 415 ) (425)
S=
116.485 x 10 ᶟ
S = 237.84 mm
S ≈235 mm

1
√ f c ' (b)(d)
3
1
( √ 20.7) (350) (425) = 225.59
3
116.485 < 225.59
1
Vs < √ f c ' (b)(d)
3
Therefore,
d
S= 0r 600
2
425
S=
2
S = 212.5 mm
93
 212.5 mm < 235 mm <600mm
Use 212.5 mm or 200 mm

 Moments due to Load

MA = -158.719 KN-m
MB = -158.719 KN-m
MC = -158.719 KN-m
MD = -158.719 KN-m
ME = -158.719 KN-m

ρmax = 0.75 ρb

0.85 f c ' β (600)

ρb =
fy (600+ fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(600)
ρb =
415(600+ 415)
ρb = 0.021
ρmax = 0.75 ( 0.021 )=¿0.016

94
As = ρbd
As = 0.016 (350) (375)
As = 2100 mm²

No. of Steel Bars

2100
n= π = 6.685
(20)²
4
n ≈ 7−20 mm ∅ DSB

Check If Singly or Doubly

ρmax = 0.016
As
ρ=
bd
ρ = 7¿¿
ρ = 0.017
0.017 > 0.016
ρ> ρmax ; Doubly Reinforced

π 2
As = 4 [ ( 20 ) ¿ As = 1256.637 mm²
4
π 2
As’ = 3 [ ( 20 ) ¿
4
As’ = 942.478 mm²

Check If Comp. bars will yield or not

95
 0.85 f c ' βd ' (600)
ρ−ρ ‘ ___
fyd (600−fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(75)(600)
= 0.023
415(375)(600−415)
1256.637 942.478
− = 0.0024
350(375) 350(375)

0.85 f c ' βd '(600)

ρ−ρ ‘ <
fyd (600−fy )
0.0024 < 0.023; Comp. bars will not yield

T = C1 + C2
600(c−d ' )
Asfy = 0.85 fc’ βcb + As’ [ ¿
c
600(c−75)
1256.637 (415) = 0.85 (20.7)(0.85)(c)(350) + 942.478 [ ]
c
c = 85.909 mm

a = βc
a = 0.85 (85.909)
a = 73.023

a '
Mu = ∅ [C1 (d - ¿+ C 2(d−d )
2
73.02
Mu = 0.90 [0.85(20.7)(71.465)(350)(375 - ) + (415)(942.478)(375-75)]
2
Mu = 242.6 KN-m

¿
FS = MOment due ¿ Design Moment due ¿ Load ¿

96
 242.6 KN −m
FS =
158.719 KN −m
FS = 1.53 ( safe! )

97
 33.86(7.5)
R=
2
R = 126.975 KN

Vu = R – Wd
Vu = 126.975 – 33.86 (0.375)
Vu = 114.278 KN

1
Vc = √ f c ' (b)(d)
6
1
Vc = √ 20.7 (350)(375)
6
Vc = 99.525 KN

Vu
= Vc + Vs
∅
114.278
=99.525 + Vs
0.85
Vs = 34.92KN

π
Av = 2[ (10)²]
4
Av = 157.079 mm²

Av fy d
S=
Vs
98
 157.079 ( 415 ) (375)
S=
34.92 x 10 ᶟ
S = 700.04 mm ≈700 mm

1
√ f c ' (b)(d)
3
1
( √ 20.7) (350) (375) = 799.05 KN
3
34.92 < 199.05
1
Vs < √ f c ' (b)(d)
3
Therefore,
d
S= 0r 600
2
375
S=
2
S = 187.5 mm
187.5 mm < 600 mm < 700 mm
Use 187.5 mm or 180 mm or say 200mm

99
  Moments due to Load
MD = -358.055 KN-m
ML = -259.186 KN-m
MU = -259.186 KN-m
MC1 = -358.055 KN-m

ρmax = 0.75 ρb

0.85 f c ' β (600)

ρb =
fy (600+ fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(600)
ρb =
415(600+ 415)
ρb = 0.021
ρmax = 0.75 ( 0.021 )=¿0.016

As = ρbd
As = 0.016 (450) (425)
As = 3060 mm²

No. of Steel Bars

3060
n= π = 6.685
(25)²
4
n ≈ 7−25 mm ∅ DSB

100
Check If Singly or Doubly
ρmax = 0.016
As
ρ=
bd
ρ = 7¿¿
ρ = 0.0169
0.018 > 0.016
ρ> ρmax ; Doubly Reinforced

π 2
As = 4 [ ( 25 ) ¿ As = 1963.495 mm²
4
π 2
As’ = 3 [ ( 25 ) ¿
4
As’ = 1472.622 mm²

Check If Comp. bars will yield or not

0.85 f c ' βd ' (600)

ρ−ρ ‘ ___
fyd (600−fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(75)(600)
= 0.021
415(425)(600−415)
1963.495 1472.622
− = 0.00257
450(425) 450(425)

0.85 f c ' βd '(600)

ρ−ρ ‘ <
fyd (600−fy)
0.00257 < 0.021; Comp. bars will not yield

T = C1 + C2
600(c−d ' )
Asfy = 0.85 fc’ βcb + As’ [ ¿
c
101
 600(c−75)
1963.495 (415) = 0.85 (20.7)(0.85)(c)(450) + 1472.622 [ ]
c
c = 94.255 mm

a = βc
a = 0.85 (94.255)
a = 80.117

a '
Mu = ∅ [C1 (d - ¿+ C 2(d−d )
2
80.117
Mu = 0.90 [0.85(20.7)(80.117)(450)(425 - ) + (415)(1472.622)(425-75)]
2
Mu = 412.276 KN-m

¿
FS = MOment due ¿ Design Moment due ¿ Load ¿

412.276 KN −m
FS =
358.055 KN −m
FS = 1.15 ( safe! )

102
ΣMD = 0
60.956 (8)(4) + 259.186 – 358.055 = RL (8)
RD = 256.183 KN
RL = 231.465 KN

Vu = R – Wd
Vu = 256.183 – 60.956 (0.425)
Vu = 230.277 KN

1
Vc = √ f c ' (b)(d)
6
1
Vc = √ 20.7 (450)(425)
6
Vc = 145.022 KN

Vu
= Vc + Vs
∅

103
230.277
=145.022 + Vs
0.85
Vs = 125.892KN

π
Av = 2[ (10)²]
4
Av = 157.079 mm²

Av fy d
S=
Vs
157.079 ( 415 ) (425)
S=
125.892 x 10ᶟ
S = 220.068 mm

1
√ f c ' (b)(d)
3
1
( √ 20.7) (450) (425) = 290.045 KN
3
125.892 < 290.045
1
Vs < √ f c ' (b)(d)
3
Therefore,
d
S= 0r 600
2
425
S=
2
S = 212.5 mm

104
 212.5 mm < 220.068 mm < 600 mm
Use 212.5 mm or 200 mm

M = - 19.359 KN – m

ρmax = 0.75 ρb

0.85 f c ' β (600)

ρb =
fy (600+ fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(600)
ρb =
415(600+ 415)
ρb = 0.021
ρmax = 0.75 ( 0.021 )=¿0.016

As = ρbd
As = 0.016 (300) (225)
As = 1100 mm²

No. of Steel Bars

1100
n= π = 5.471
(16)²
4
105
n ≈ 6−16 mm ∅ DSB

Check If Singly or Doubly

ρmax = 0.016
As
ρ=
bd
ρ = 6¿¿
ρ = 0.018
0.018 > 0.016
ρ> ρmax ; Doubly Reinforced

π 2
As = 3 [ ( 16 ) ¿ As = 603.186 mm²
4
π 2
As’ = 3 [ ( 16 ) ¿
4
As’ = 603.186 mm²

Check If Comp. bars will yield or not

0.85 f c ' βd ' (600)

ρ−ρ ‘ ___
fyd (600−fy)
0.85(20.7)(0.85)(75)(600)
= 0.032
415(275)(600−415)
603.186 603.186
− =0
250(275) 250 (275)

0.85 f c ' βd '(600)

ρ−ρ ‘ <
fyd (600−fy )
0 < 0.032; Comp. bars will not yield

106
T = C1 + C2
600(c−d ' )
Asfy = 0.85 fc’ βcb + As’ [ ¿
c
600(c−75)
603.186 (415) = 0.85 (20.7)(0.85)(c)(250) + 603.186 [ ]
c
c = 71.579 mm

a = βc
a = 0.85 (71.579)
a = 60.842

a '
Mu = ∅ [C1 (d - ¿+ C 2(d−d )
2
60.842
Mu = 0.90 [0.85(20.7)(60.842)(250)(275 - ) + (415)(603.186)(275-75)]
2
Mu = 103.969 KN-m
¿
FS = MOment due ¿ Design Moment due ¿ Load ¿

103.969 KN −m
FS =
19.359 KN −m
FS = 5.37 ( safe! )

4.13(7.5)
R=
2
R = 15.488 KN

107
Vu = R – Wd
Vu = 15.488 – 4.13 (0.275)
Vu = 14.352 KN (Due to Load)

1
Vc = √ f c ' (b)(d)
6
1
Vc = √ 20.7 (300)(225)
6
Vc = 51.184 KN

Assume S = 200 mm
157.079(415)(225)
200 =
Vs
Vs = 73.336 KN

Vu
= Vc + Vs
∅
Vu = 0.85 (51.184 + 73.336)
Vu = 105.842 KN

Vu due to Load < Vu due to design

14.352 KN < 105.842 KN (safe!); S = 200mm

108