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The Definition of Work

Work the physical result of a force applied over some distance, as the force produces
a displacement of the object on which it acts. Work has a positive value when the
force is in the same direction as the motion and a negative value when it is in the
opposite direction. Any system that possesses energy is capable of doing work.

When an object doesn't move, no work is done on it. This is true no matter how much
effort is put into a task, like trying to move a large boulder yourself. In this case, the
energy from your muscle contractions is lost as heat dissipated from those muscles.
So, though you do no work in this scenario, at least you get in a workout of sorts.

Work Has Units of Energy


The total energy of a system is its internal or thermal energy plus its mechanical
energy. Mechanical energy can be divided into energy of motion (kinetic energy) and
"stored" energy (potential energy). The total mechanical energy in any system is the
sum of its potential and kinetic energies, each of which can take various forms.

Because force has units of newtons (kg⋅m/s2) in the SI (metric) system and distance
is in meters, work and energy in general have units of kg⋅m2/s2. This SI unit of work is
known as the Joule.
What Are Newton’s Laws of Motion?
 Newton's first law of motion states that an object in motion with
constant velocity will remain in that state unless acted on by an
unbalanced external force. An important consequence of this law of
inertia is that net force is not required to maintain even the highest
velocity provided that velocity doesn't change.

 Newton's second law of motion states that net forces act to change the
velocity of, or accelerate, masses: Fnet = ma. Force and acceleration
are vector quantities and have both magnitude and direction (x-, y- and z-
components, or angular coordinates); mass is a scalar quantity and
possesses magnitude only. Work, like all forms of energy, is a scalar
quantity.

 Newton's third law of motion states that for every force in nature there
exists a force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. That is, for
every F there exists a force -F within the same system, whether the
system is one you have defined with your own boundaries or is simply the
cosmos as a whole.

Newton's second law relates directly to the law of conservation of energy,


which asserts that the total energy in a system (potential plus kinetic)
remains constant, with energy being transferred from one form to another
but never being "destroyed" or produced out of nothing.

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