Present perfect tense (sudah)

Dipakai untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang mulai terjadi di waktu lampau dan sampai sekarang
masih berlangsung (perbuatan/hasil perbuatan).

e.g.: saya sudah mengajar selama 11 tahun.

J.K Rowling sudah menulis 7 buku Harry Potter.

Rumus: subyek + has / have + V3 (irregular verbs)

V1+ed (regular verbs)

Has : he, she, it Have / has + already + V3

Have : I, we, you, they just
never
To be : been
ever
Keterangan waktu:

 Already : telah
 Just / just now : baru saja
 Yet (-,?) : belum
 Ever : pernah
 Never : tidak pernah
 For …. (durasi waktu) : selama….
 Since.... (waktu lampau) : sejak….
 So far : sejauh ini
 Before : sebelum
 After : sesudah
 Recently / lately / these days : akhir-akhir ini
 Until now / up till now : sampai sekarang

e.g.:

 Saya sudah mengajar selama 11 tahun.

 (+)
(-)
(?)

 J.K Rowling sudah menulis 7 buku Harry Potter.

(+)
(-)
(?)

 Kami sudah sibuk sejak tadi pagi.

(+)
(-)
(?)

Cara menjawab yes-no questions dengan present perfect tense:

Yes, I/we/you/they + have. No, I/we/you/they + have not. (haven’t)
He/she/it has. He/she/it has not. (hasn’t)

e.g.:
 Have you visited Rome before?
Yes,
No,

 Has Jane drunk her milk?

Yes,
No,

 Have the boys ever been here?

Yes,
No,
EXERCISE

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).

1. I (not / work) ______________since this morning.

2. We just (buy)_____________a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan) _____________our holiday yet.
4. Where (be / you) ________________ just now?
5. He already (write)______________five letters.
6. She (not / see) _____________him for a long time.
7. (be / you) ________________ to London before?
8. School (not / start) _______________yet.
9. (speak / he) _________________to his boss recently?
10. No, he (have / not) _______________the time yet.

Change these sentences into negative form and yes-no questions.

1. My teacher has just taught us English.

(-)
(?)
2. The boys have walked for 30 minutes.
(-)
(?)
3. I have done my homework just now.
(-)
(?)
4. She has already covered her books.
(-)
(?)
5. He has been sick since yesterday.
(-)
(?)