3

jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e I ivR‰bwZK AMÖMwZ (1940-47)

f‚wgKv
weªwUk fvi‡Zi †k‡li w`b¸‡jv LyeB ¸iæZ¡ I Zvrch©c~Y© wQj| we‡kl K‡i 1940 mv‡j gymwjg jx‡Mi Ôjv‡nvi
cÖ¯vÍ eÕ (hv ÔcvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯vÍ eÕ bv‡gI AwfwnZ) M„nxZ nIqvi ci fvi‡Zi ivRbxwZ `ªæZ wefw³i c‡_ AMÖmi nq|
fviZ wefw³i j¶¨ wb‡q †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn G mgq Zuvi eûj Av‡jvwPZ ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ wb‡q nvwRi nb| 1946
mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b cvwK¯Ívb `vwei mg_©‡b gymwjg jx‡Mi fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i wecyj mg_©b jvf fviZ
wefw³‡K cÖvq wbwðZ K‡i †Zv‡j| Ab¨w`‡K, wØZxq wek¦hy× †k‡l fvi‡Z weªwUk kvm‡bi Aemvb AeavwiZ n‡q
D‡V| Z‡e fviZ †Q‡o Avmvi c~‡e© weªwUk‡`i bxwZ I AMÖvwaKvi wQj G‡K ALwÛZ ivLv| f‚-ivRbxwZ ¯^v_© I
†KŠkjMZ w`K we‡ePbvq Zv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Kvg¨ wQj| †m j‡¶ 1946 mv‡j Ôgš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvÕ †ck Kiv nq|
†mwU wQj fviZ‡K †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡i HK¨e× ivLvi †k‡l my‡hvM| wKš‘ †m D‡`¨vM mdj nq wb| d‡j fviZ wefw³
Awbevh© n‡q c‡o| Avi Zv Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ cvm nq 1947 mv‡ji fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb| G BDwb‡U †gvU Pvi
(4) wU cv‡V Gme wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e|

G BDwb‡Ui cvV¸‡jv n‡”Q:

 cvV -1 : 1940 mv‡ji jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e
 cvV -2 : wRbœvn&i wØRvwZZË¡ I cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb
 cvV -3 : gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv: Ks‡MÖm I gymjxg jx‡Mi cÖwZwµqv
 cvV -4 : 1947 mv‡ji fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb
GmGmGBPGj

cvV - 1

1940 mv‡ji jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb
 jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei cUf~wg m¤c‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb
 jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei g~j e³e¨ ev ˆewkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei djvdj I cieZ©x ivR‰bwZK cÖwZwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei cUf~wg

1937 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b Ks‡MÖ‡mi Rq Ges gymjxg jx‡Mi civRq cieZ©x‡Z gymwjg jx‡Mi †bZ…e„›`‡K
kw¼Z K‡i †Zv‡j| Ks‡MÖm AvBb mfvi †bZ…Z¡ MÖnY K‡i Ges gymwjg jx‡Mi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv QvovB Ggb wK
gymjgvb msL¨vMwiô cÖ‡`‡k (†hgb, DËi cÖ‡`k) gwš¿mfv MVb K‡i| d‡j Ks‡MÖm kvwmZ GjvKvq gymjgvb
Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡b †¶vf I fxwZi mÂvi nq| †Kv_vI †Kv_vI mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vi m„wó nq| we‡kl K‡i Ks‡MÖm
†bZv cwÛZ RInijvj †b‡niæi mw¤§wjZfv‡e KvR Kivi g‡bvfve bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y Dcgnv‡`‡ki wn›`y-gymjgvb
m¤c‡K© `ªæZ AebwZ N‡U| GgZve¯’vq, gymwjg jxM †bZv †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn my‡hvMgZ gymjgvb‡`i ¯^v‡_©i
Dci ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ- cÖPv‡i Drmvnx nb| wZwb fvi‡Zi gymjgvb‡`i GKwU ¯^Zš¿ RvwZ wnmv‡e
†NvlYv K‡ib| hvi djkÖæwZ‡Z cieZ©x‡Z gymjgvb Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ Avjv`v Avevmf‚wgi wPšÍv RvMÖZ nq|

G wPšÍvavivi Av‡jv‡KB 1940 mv‡ji 23 gvP© cvÄv‡ei jv‡nv‡i AbywôZ gymwjg jx‡Mi evwl©K KvDwÝj Awa‡ek‡b
ZrZvjxb evsjvi gyL¨gwš¿ G.†K.dRjyj nK Dcgnv‡`‡ki gymjgvb‡`i ¯^v_© m¤^wjZ GKwU cÖ¯vÍ e †ck K‡ib|
wRbœvni mfvcwZ‡Z¡ mfvq cÖ¯vÍ ewU M„nxZ nq| GB cÖ¯vÍ eB HwZnvwmK Òjv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ eÓ ev ÒcvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯vÍ eÓ bv‡g
AwfwnZ|

jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei g~j e³e¨ ev ˆewkó¨

jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei g~j e³e¨ wQj t
1. †fŠ‡MvwjK w`K †_‡K msjMœ GjvKv¸‡jv‡K c„_K AÂj e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. G mKj A‡ji †fŠ‡MvwjK mxgvbv cÖ‡qvRbgZ cwieZ©b K‡i fviZe‡l©i DËi-cwðg I c~e©v‡ji †h
mKj ¯’v‡b gymjgv‡biv msL¨vMwiô †mLv‡b Ô¯^vaxb iv󪸇jvÕ (Independent States) cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. G mg¯Í ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi AsMivR¨ n‡e mve©‡fŠg I ¯^vqËkvwmZ|
4. fvi‡Zi I beMwVZ gymjgvb msL¨vMwiô iv‡óªi msL¨vjNy m¤cÖ`v‡qi mvs¯‹…wZK, kvmbZvwš¿K I Ab¨vb¨
AwaKvi I ¯^v_© msi¶‡Yi Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡e|
5. †`‡ki †h-†Kv‡bv fwel¨r kvmbZvwš¿K cwiKíbvq D³ welq¸‡jv‡K †gŠwjK bxwZ wnmv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei wfwË wQj wØRvwZ ZË¡| Avi GB ZË¡ Abymv‡iB fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i GwjU †Mvôx gymjgvb‡`i
g‡a¨ RvMÖZ K‡i †Zv‡jb AvZ¥wbqš¿bvwaKv‡ii A`g¨ †PZbv| jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei Av‡jvPbvq fvi‡Zi DËi-cwðg
ev c~e©v‡j GKvwaK ivóª MVb Kivi K_v ejv _vK‡jI, Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK gh©v`v wK ai‡bi n‡e †m e¨vcv‡i
my¯úó †Kv‡bv D‡jøL wQj bv|

jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei djvdj I cieZ©x cÖwZwµqv

evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK Dbœqb c„ôv-22

 evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki gymjgvb GwjU cÖfvweZ gymjgvb Rbmvavi‡Yi gv‡S GK bZzb †cÖiYvi m„wó
K‡i| ¯^Zš¿ Avevmf‚wgi Avkvq Zviv Avkvwš^Z n‡q D‡V| d‡j, gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi ivRbxwZ c„_K c„_K
ivóª MV‡bi Av‡›`vj‡b cwiYZ nq| msL¨vMwiô wn›`y m¤cÖ`vq gymjgvb‡`i c„_K ivóª MV‡bi `vwe‡K A¯^xKvi
K‡i, hv cieZ©x‡Z wewfbœ RvqMvq mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vi m„wó K‡i| jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e gymwjg jxM‡K GKwU mywbw`©ó
ivR‰bwZK Kg©m~wP I w`Kwb‡`©kbv G‡b †`q| AwZ`ªæZ cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡bi we¯Í…wZ N‡U| 1946 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi
djvdj Gi cÖgvY| gymwjg jx‡Mi c‡¶ G wbe©vPb wQj cvwK¯Ívb Bmy¨i Dci †idv‡iÛvg Zyj¨|
1946 mv‡j wRbœvn&i †bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg †jwRm&‡jUim Kb‡fbk‡b gymjgvb‡`i GKvwaK ivóª-cwiKíbv‡K ev` w`‡q
GK cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv nq| G wQj jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei ivóª cwiKíbvi cwiewZ©Z iƒc| †m Abyhvqx
1947 mv‡ji 14 AvMó fviZ wef³ n‡q `ywU ¯^vaxb iv‡óª iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| gymjgvb msL¨vMwiô fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡ki
DËi-cwðgvÂj I c~e©vÂj wb‡q m„wó nq cvwK¯Ívb Ges evwK Ask wb‡q fviZxq BDwbqb|
jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e Abyhvqx fviZ wef³ n‡j c~e©v‡j †hLv‡b eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k †mLv‡b H mgqB GKwU ¯^vaxb ivóª
cÖwZôv nIqvi K_v wQj, Zv‡Zv nqB wb, DcišÍ bZzb ivóª cvwK¯Ív‡b cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb ch©šÍ A¯^xK…Z nq| G
meB wQj 1940 mv‡ji jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei m‡½ cÖZviYvi mvwgj| G Ae¯’v c~e© evsjvi evOvwj‡`i `viæYfv‡e ¶zä
K‡i| ZvQvov fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki `yB cÖv‡šÍ Aew¯’Z `yB AÂj‡K ïaygvÎ ag©xq Kvi‡Y GKwÎZ ivLv cÖvq Am¤¢e
wQj| ag©xq HK¨ ev½vwj‡`i Dci cvwK¯Ívwb A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK I RvwZMZ †kvlY-wbcxob Avovj
Ki‡Z m¶g nq wb| cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôxi ivóª-fvlv bxwZ I evOvwj‡`i fvlv-Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ cÖwZwµqvq Gi
bMœ cÖKvk N‡U| hvi Kvi‡Y, cvwK¯Ív‡bi ïiæ‡ZB c~e© evsjvi RbmvaviY c~Y© ¯^vqËkvm‡bi `vwe †Zv‡j I
cieZ©xKv‡j bq gvm e¨vcx gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨Øq N‡U|

mviK_v
1937 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi ci gymwjg jxM‡K cÖvq D‡c¶v K‡i fvi‡Zi wewfbœ cÖ‡`‡k Ks‡MÖm miKvi MVb K‡i|
†hfv‡e Ks‡MÖ‡mi miKvi cwiPvwjZ nw”Qj Zv‡Z fvi‡Zi gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ `ªæZ wn›`y Avwac‡Z¨i fxwZ Qwo‡q
c‡o| Ggwb ivR‰bwZK cUf‚wg‡Z gymwjg jx‡Mi evwl©K Awa‡ek‡b 1940 mv‡ji jvni cÖ¯vÍ e M„nxZ nq| Gi g~j
K_v wQjt fvi‡Zi DËi-c~e© I DËi-cwð‡g gymwjg msL¨vMwiô A‡j Ô¯^vaxb ivóªmg~nÕ cÖwZôv Kiv| evsjvi
g~L¨gwš¿ Ges ZrKvjxb gymwjg jxM †bZv G.‡K dRjyj nK wQ‡jb G cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei Dc¯’vcK| G cÖ¯vÍ e M„nxZ nIqvi
ci fvi‡Zi gymjgvb m¤cÖ`vq I Zv‡`i `j gymwjg jxM mywbw`©ó ivR‰bwZK Kg©mw~ P I w`Kwb‡`©kbv jvf K‡i|
cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vjb `ªæZ Qwo‡q c‡o| jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡e e¨³ ivóªwPšÍvi c_ a‡iB ZrKvjxb cvwKšÍvb I
cieZ©x‡Z cvwK¯Ívb †f‡O ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q N‡U| GLv‡b D‡jøL Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, 1940 mv‡j M„nxZ
Ôjv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ eÕ cieZ©x‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq| Ges ivóªmg~n ¯’v‡b ivóª K_vwU hy³ Kiv nq| Avi G fv‡eB g~j jv‡nvi
cÖ¯vÍ ‡e †mLv‡b fviZe‡l©i gymjvgb msL¨vMwiô AÂj wb‡q Ò¯^vaxb ivóªmg~‡niÓ †h K_v ejv n‡qwQj, Zv evwZj
K‡i GKwU ivóª cÖwZôvi K_v ejv nq|

BDwbU- 3 c„ôv-23
GmGmGBPGj
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb
ˆbe©¨w³K cÖkœ
mwVK Dˇi wUK wPý w`b|
1. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e KLb M„wnZ nq?
K. 1937 mv‡j
L. 1940 mv‡ji 23 gvP©
M. 1946 mv‡j
N. 1947 mv‡ji 14 AvM÷

2. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e †K DÌvcb K‡ib?

K. †mvnivIqv`©x
L. wRbœvn
M. G.†K.dRjyj nK
N. cwÛZ †b‡niæ

3. w`wjø Ôgymwjg †jwRm&‡jUimÕ Kb‡fbkb KLb AbywôZ nq?

K. 1940 mv‡j
L. 1942 mv‡j
M. 1946 mv‡j
N. 1947 mv‡ji 3 Ryb

mwVK DËi gvjv: 1| L, 2| M, 3| M

msw¶ß DËig~jK cÖkœ

1. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e Kx?
2. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei ivóª cwiKíbv Kx wQj?
3. w`wjø Ôgymwjg †jwRm&‡jUimÕ Kb‡fbk‡b jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e m¤c‡K© wK n‡qwQj?

iPbvg~jK cÖkœ
1. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei cUf‚wg Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
2. jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei g~j ˆewk󨸇jv Kx wQj?

evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK Dbœqb c„ôv-24

 evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV - 2

wRbœvn&i wØRvwZ ZË¡ I cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb
 wØRvwZ ZË¡ Kx Zv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡b wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i cÖfve e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wRbœvni wØRvwZ ZË¡

RvwZZ‡Ë¡i we‡køl‡Y GKwU Rb‡Mvôx‡K ZLbB RvwZ ejv hvq, hvi fvlv, wk¶v, ms¯‹…wZ, mvwnZ¨, gbb, K…wó,
ag© GgbwK A_©bxwZ GKwU GKK mËvq cwiYwZ jvf K‡i| Z‡e gymwjg jxM mfvcwZ Ges cieZ©x‡Z cvwK¯Ívb
iv‡óªi cÖwZôvZv †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn fvi‡Zi wn›`y I gymjgvb G `ywU ag©xq m¤cÖ`vq‡K `ywU c„_K RvwZ wn‡m‡e
wPwýZ K‡iwQ‡jb| GwUB g~jZ wRbœvni ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ ev 'Two Nations Theory' i g~jK_v|

wZwb ag©xq w`K‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡qB Zuvi RvwZ ZË¡ `uvo Kivb| 1940 mv‡ji 22 gvP© wbwLj fviZ gymwjg jx‡Mi
jv‡nvi Awa‡ek‡b wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i fveaviv we‡kølY K‡i wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb "We maintain and hold that Muslim
and Hindus are two major nations by any definition or text of a nation. We are nation of a hundred
million and, what is more, we are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language
and literature, art and architecture, customs, history and traditions, aptitudes and ambitions. In short,
we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life." A_©vr ÒAvgiv `„pfv‡e g‡b Kwi, RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i †h-
†Kv‡bv msÁv wePv‡i fvi‡Zi wn›`y I gymjgvb `ywU cÖavb wfbœ RvwZ| fvi‡Zi `k †KvwU gymjgvb RbMY hv‡`i
i‡q‡Q wbR¯^ ¯^Zš¿ ms¯‹…wZ I mf¨Zv, fvlv I mvwnZ¨, wkíKjv I ¯’vcZ¨, ixwZbxwZ, BwZnvm I HwZn¨ Ges GK
I Awfbœ Rxeb c×wZ|Ó

cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡b wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i cÖfve

wRbœvni ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ wQj 1940 mv‡ji jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e ev cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei g~jwfwË| hw`I jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ ‡e ÔcvwK¯ÍvbÕ
wKsev ÔwØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡iÕ K_v D‡jøL wQj bv|
ag© GK n‡jB GK RvwZ nq bvÑevsjv‡`‡ki Af‚¨`q Gi eo cÖgvY| ZvB ejv P‡j, wRbœvi wØRvwZ ZË¡ wQj weK…Z
I Am¤ú~Y© Ges weåvšÍKi ZË¡| GwU wQj mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi †`v‡l `yóZË¡| evOvwj RvZxqZvev` fvlvwfwËK
RvZxqZvev` wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| RvwZ MV‡b †h GKB fvlvfvlx, †Mvôxfy³ I i³-m¤^‡Üi AwaKvix n‡Z nq ZvI
bq| fviZ, gvj‡qwkqv, myBRvij¨vÛ, KvbvWv Gi D`vniY| RvwZmËv n‡”Q GKwU wbw`©ó f‚L‡Û emevmKvix
Rb‡Mvôxi GK Awfbœ BwZevPK m‡PZbZv, GKB ivóªxq KvVv‡gvq emev‡mi B”Qv Gi cÖKvwkZ iƒc|
wRbœvni ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ ˆeÁvwbK wfwËi Dci iwPZ wQj bv| Zv wQj cÖavbZ, ALÛ fvi‡Z Awbevh© wn›`y GwjU
†Mvôx Avwac‡Z¨i ¯’‡j fviZ wefw³ Ges Avjv`v ivóª cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g G †_‡K ¯’vqx cwiÎv‡Yi j‡¶¨ wfbœ wfbœ
¯^v_©, K…wó, fvlv, AÂj I HwZ‡n¨ wef³ fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i‡K GKB cZvKvZ‡j HK¨e× nIqvi GKwU wfwË|
fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k Bs‡iR kvm‡bi ïiæ †_‡KB gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ Bs‡iR miKvi mw›`nvb _v‡K| gymjgvbivI
`xN©mgq Amn‡hvwMZvi bxwZ AbymiY K‡i| d‡j Rxe‡bi cÖvq cÖwZwU †¶‡Î Zviv wcwQ‡q c‡o ev D‡cw¶Z
_v‡K| Awef³ fvi‡Z msL¨vMwiô I AMÖmi wn›`y m¤cÖ`v‡qi ¯’vqx Awac‡Z¨i fxwZ gymjgvb‡`i‡K kw¼Z K‡i
†Zv‡j| 1937 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi ci wewfbœ cÖ‡`‡k Ks‡MÖ‡mi †bZ…‡Z¡ miKvi MVb, wn›`y Awac‡Z¨i ewnt cÖKvk
cÖf…wZ fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i fwel¨r m¤^‡Ü cÖPÛfv‡e fvwe‡q †Zv‡j|

BDwbU- 3 c„ôv-25
GmGmGBPGj
GgZve¯’vq wRbœvn Zuvi wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ fvi‡Zi wefw³ I cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi `vwe DÌvcb Ki‡j Zv fviZxq
gymjgvb‡`i †PZbvg~‡j AwMœùzwj½ R¡vwj‡q †`q| c„_K Avevmf‚wg ev ¯^vaxbZvi ¯^cœ Zv‡`i‡K RvwM‡q †Zv‡j|
cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb AcÖwZ‡iva¨ n‡q `uvovq| cvwK¯Ívb Bmy¨‡Z 1946 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b gymwjg jxM wecyj mvdj¨
AR©b K‡i| wbe©vP‡bvËi weªwUk miKvi fvi‡Z GKwU gš¿x wgkb †cÖiY K‡i AZ¨šÍ wkw_j eÜbxi g‡a¨ fviZ‡K
ALwÛZ ivLvi me©‡kl †Póv K‡i| wKš‘ Zv mdj nq wb| Ae‡k‡l wRbœvn&i wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ 1947 mv‡j
fviZ wef³ nq| cÖwZôvjvf K‡i `ywU ¯^vaxb ivóª, fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb|

mviK_v
ÔwØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡iÕ g~j K_v wQj fvi‡Zi wn›`y I gymjgvb `ywU cÖavb ag©xq m¤cÖ`vqB bq, Zviv `ywU c„_K RvwZ|
AZGe, Zv‡`i Rb¨ `ywU c„_K RvwZ-ivóª cÖwZôv Avek¨K| wRbœvn&i GB wØRvwZ ZË¡ wQj cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯vÍ e ev fviZ
wefw³i g~j wfwË| Z‡e Avð‡h©i welq n‡jv GB †h, gymwjg jx‡Mi jv‡nvi cÖ¯vÍ e (1940) ev cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯vÍ ‡ei
†Kv_vI ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ GB g‡g© D‡jøL †bB| wØRvwZ ZË¡‡K cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡bi cZvKvZ‡j HK¨e× Kivi GKwU
†KŠkj e‡j g‡b Kiv nq| fviZ wefw³ I cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvq Gi cÖfve wQj Acwimxg|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb
ˆbe¨w³K cÖkœ
mwVK Dˇi wUK wPý w`b|
1. ÔwØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡iÕ cÖe³v †K?
K. dRjyj nK L. wRbœvn&
M. †b‡niæ N. gvIjvbv AvRv`

2. gymwjg jx‡Mi †Kvb Awa‡ek‡b wRbœvn& Zvi wØRvwZ ZË¡ m¤^‡Ü wek` e¨vL¨v †`b
K. XvKv L. AvjxMo
M. jv‡nvi N. j‡²Š

mwVK DËi gvjv: 1| L, 2| M

msw¶ß DËig~jK cÖkœ

1. wRbœvn&i ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ Kx?
2. RvwZmËvi aviYv Kx?
3. ÔwØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡iÕ Avmj j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ Kx wQj?

iPbvg~jK cÖkœ
1. ÔwØRvwZ ZË¡Õ m¤^‡Ü wRbœvni 1940 mv‡ji †NvlYv Kx wQj?
2. cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡b ÔwØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡iÕ ¸iæZ¡ KZUzKz wQj?

evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK Dbœqb c„ôv-26

 evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV - 3

gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv: Ks‡MÖm I gymjxg jx‡Mi cÖwZwµqv

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb
 gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi cUf‚wg m¤c‡K© eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb;
 gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi ˆewk󨸇jv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi cÖwZ gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi cÖwZwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi cUf‚wg

1942 mv‡ji 29 gvP© weªwUk K¨vwe‡b‡Ui GKRb cÖfvekvjx gwš¿m¨vi ÷v‡dvW© µxc‡mi †`Iqv Lomv cÖ¯vÍ e (hv
Òµxcm cÖ¯vÍ eÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ) fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK I kvmbZvwš¿K mgm¨v mgvav‡b m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c e¨_© nq| ZvQvov,
wØZxq wek¦h‡y ×i Aemvb, hy‡×vËi wek¦cwiw¯’wZ, weª‡U‡b kªwgK `‡ji bZzb miKvi MVb, fviZxq‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi
cÖZ¨vkv BZ¨vw` weªwUk miKv‡ii fviZ bxwZ‡K gvivZ¥Kfv‡e cÖfvevwš^Z K‡i| G mgq weª‡U‡bi bZzb miKvi
wek¦kvwšÍ cÖwZôvi Ask wn‡m‡e fviZe‡l©i ivR‰bwZK I kvmbZvwš¿K mgm¨v mgvav‡b bZzb c`‡¶c MÖnY K‡i|
Gi Ask wn‡m‡e 1946 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m weªwUk gwš¿mfvi wZbRb cÖfvekvjx gwš¿ h_v, fviZ mwPe jW© j‡iÝ,
evwYR¨ †ev‡W©i mfvcwZ m¨vi ÷¨v‡dvW© µxcm Ges †bŠ-wefv‡Mi cÖ_g jW© G.wf.Av‡jKRvÛvi‡K wb‡q MwVZ
GKwU wgkb fvi‡Z †cÖiY Kiv nq| 1946 mv‡ji 5 †g †_‡K GB gš¿x wgkb wmgjv‡Z fviZxq †bZ…e„‡›`i mv‡_
fviZe‡l©i fwel¨r kvmbZvwš¿K iƒc‡iLv wb‡q Avjvc Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| Av‡jvPbvq GKwU AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKv‡ii
iƒc‡iLv MYcwil` MVb BZ¨vw` AZ¨šÍ RwUj ivR‰bwZK welq ¯’vb cvq| wKb‘y ci¯úi we‡ivax g‡bvfv‡ei Kvi‡Y
GB Av‡jvPbvq †Kvb djvdj cvIqv hvq wb| hvi d‡j, gš¿x wgkb 1946 mv‡ji 16 †g fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK I
kvmbZvwš¿K mgm¨v mgvav‡bi j‡¶¨ Zv‡`i wbR¯^ wPšÍvaviv m¤^wjZ GKwU cwiKíbv †NvlYv K‡ib| GB cwiKíbvB
Ôgš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ|

gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi ˆewkó¨

GB cwiKíbvi cÖ¯vÍ e¸‡jv `yBfv‡e wef³ wQjѯ^í †gqv`x I `xN©‡gqv`x| wb‡¤œ gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi wewfbœ
ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Kiv nj:
1. fvi‡Zi wewfbœ cÖ‡`k I †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi mgš^‡q GKwU me©fviZxq hy³ivóª MVb Kiv n‡e Ges
hy³iv‡óªi †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z ïaygvÎ †`‡ki cÖwZi¶v, †hvMv‡hvM I ˆe‡`wkK m¤úK© GB wZbwU
welq b¨¯Í _vK‡e| †K›`ªxq miKvi Zvi e¨qfvi †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ A_© msMÖn Kivi ¶gZv ivL‡e|
2. †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii AvIZvfy³ welq Qvov Ab¨ mKj wel‡qi Dci cÖv‡`wkK I †`kxq ivR¨ miKv‡ii
KZ©„Z¡ _vK‡e|
3. weªwUk fviZ I †`kxq iv‡R¨i cÖwZwbwa‡`i wb‡q hy³iv‡óªi-†K›`ªxq AvBbmfv I kvmb wefvM MwVZ
n‡e| †K›`ªxq AvBb mfvq †Kvb m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖavb †gŠwjK ¯^v_© mswkøó †Kvb wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z
n‡j ¯^v_© mswkøó m¤cÖ`v‡qi †fvU`vbKvix msL¨vMwiô m`‡m¨i mg_©b cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|
4. weªwUk fvi‡Zi cÖ‡`k¸‡jv‡K wZbwU fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡e| h_v-
"A" MÖæc - gv`ªvR, †ev¤^vB, wenvi, Dwol¨v, ga¨cÖ‡`k I hy³ cÖ‡`k- (6wU wn›`y cÖavb cÖ‡`k)
"B" MÖæc - cvÄve, DËi-cwðg mxgvšÍ cÖ‡`k I wmÜz (DËi-cwðg fvi‡Zi gymwjg cÖavb
3wU cÖ‡`k)
"C" MÖæc - evsjv‡`k I Avmvg (c~e© fvi‡Zi gymwjg cÖavb cÖ‡`k)|
cÖwZwU MÖæc Zv‡`i ¯^vZš¿¨ jvf Ki‡e Ges †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii kvmb msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv Qvov c~Y© ¯^vqËkvmb
AR©b Ki‡e|
5. cÖwZwU MÖæ‡ci Avjv`v kvmb wefvM I AvBb wefvM _vK‡e, hv n‡e cÖv‡`wkK ch©v‡qi|

BDwbU- 3 c„ôv-27
GmGmGBPGj
6. mKj MÖæ‡ci cÖwZwbwa mgš^‡q MYcwil` MVb Kiv n‡e, hv hy³iv‡óªi kvmbZš¿ iPbv Ki‡e|
7. `k eQmi ci cÖ‡`k I AvBbmfvi me©m¤§wZµ‡g msweavb ms‡kvab wKsev cybtwe‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e- GB
g‡g© hy³ivóªxq msweav‡b GKwU aviv _vK‡e|
8. †h-†Kvb cÖ‡`k msweavb iwPZ nevi ci mswkøó MÖæc †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡e|
9. fvi‡Zi Rb¨ bZzb kvmbZš¿ cÖYxZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij KZ©„K fviZe‡l©i cÖavb cÖavb
ivR‰bwZK `‡ji cÖwZwbwa‡`i wb‡q GKwU AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKvi MVb Kiv n‡e|
10. cÖ¯vÍ weZ hy³ivóª MV‡bi ci †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi Dci †_‡K weªwUk mve©‡fŠg ¶gZv wejyß n‡e Ges †`kxq
ivR¨¸‡jv Zv‡`i fwel¨r m¤cK© wba©vi‡Yi wbwg‡Ë hy³iv‡óªi mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi cÖwZ gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi cÖwZwµqv

gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖm DfqB MÖnY K‡i wfbœ wfbœ Avw½‡K|
gymwjg jx‡Mi Ae¯’vb
gymwjg jxM gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvq eva¨Zvg~jK MÖæwcs e¨e¯’v, cÖ‡`k¸‡jvi wbR¯^ msweavb cÖYq‡Yi ¶gZv,
¯^vqËkvmb cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` gymjgvb‡`i ¯^v_© i¶vi mc‡¶ wPšÍv K‡i 1946 mv‡ji 6 Ryb gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv MÖnY
Ki‡Z m¤§Z nq| Gici Mf©bi †Rbv‡ij KZ©„K AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKvi MV‡bi cÖ¯vÍ ‡eI gymwjg jxM ivwR nq|
Ks‡MÖ‡mi Ae¯’vb
Ks‡MÖm mfvcwZ gvIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv‡K me©cÖ_g ¯^vMZ Rvbvb| wKš‘ G mg‡q
Ks‡MÖ‡mi Af¨šÍixY †bZ…‡Z¡ i`e`j N‡U| gvIjvbv AvRv‡`i ¯’‡j cwÛZ RInijvj †b‡niæ `‡ji mfvcwZ
wbe©vwPZ nb| wZwb gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv‡K AvswkKfv‡e MÖn‡Y m¤§wZ †`b|
gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi Ø›Ø
gymwjg jxM gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv‡K m¤c~Y©fv‡e MÖnY Ki‡jI, Ks‡MÖm gš¿x wgk‡bi AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKvi MVb I
eva¨Zvg~jK MÖæwcs e¨e¯’v‡K †g‡b wb‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvq| d‡j weªwUk miKvi AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKvi MV‡bi c~e©
†NvlYv †_‡K m‡i G‡m 1946 mv‡ji 26 Ryb wb‡R‡`i g‡bvbxZ m`m¨‡`i wb‡q GK ZË¡veavqK miKvi MV‡bi
†NvlYv †`b| 29 Ryb gš¿x wgkb †`‡k wd‡i hvq| gymwjg jxM weªwUk miKvi‡K cÖwZkÖæwZ f½Kvix wnmv‡e AvL¨vwqZ
K‡i Ges cvwK¯Ívb m„wói j‡¶¨ 1946 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷ ÔcÖZ¨¶ msMÖv‡giÕ (Direct Action) WvK †`q| B‡Zvg‡a¨
Ks‡MÖm AšÍeZ©xKvjxb miKvi MV‡bi cÖ¯vÍ e †g‡b wb‡j weªwUk miKvi 1946 mv‡ji 12 AvM÷ Dfq `j‡K †K‡›`ª
miKvi MV‡bi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbvq| wKb‘y gymwjg jxM G Avgš¿Y MÖn‡Y Am¤§wZ Rvbvq Ges ÔcÖZ¨¶ msMÖv‡giÕ
Kg©mw~ P‡Z Abo _v‡K| 16 AvM÷ KjKvZvq GK fqven mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v msNwUZ nq, hv BwZnv‡m 'Great
Calcutta Killing' bv‡g AwfwnZ| weªwUk miKvi RInijvj †b‡niæ‡K mn-mfvcwZ K‡i 1946 mv‡ji 24 AvMó
†K‡›`ª Ks‡MÖm g‡bvbxZ 12 m`m¨ wewkó GKwU kvmb cwil` MVb K‡i| cÖwZev‡` gymwjg jxM 1 †m‡Þ¤^i ÔÔKv‡jv
w`emÓ cvjb K‡i| D™¢‚Z ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Dcgnv‡`‡k mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v Qwo‡q c‡o| GgZve¯’vq evievi
gymwjg jxM‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv n‡j wRbœvn jx‡Mi c‡¶ wjqvKZ Avjx Lvbmn 5 Rb m`m¨ AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKv‡i
†hvM`v‡bi Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ K‡ib| wKb‘y ci¯úi we‡ivax Ae¯’vb w`b w`b evo‡ZB _v‡K| djkÖæwZ‡Z AwP‡iB gš¿x
wgkb cwiKíbv m¤c~Y© AKvh©Ki n‡q c‡o|

mviK_v
fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK I kvmbZvwš¿K mgm¨v mgvav‡bi j‡¶¨ 1946 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m weªwUk gwš¿mfvi wZb m`m¨
wewkó GKwU wgkb G †`‡k †cÖiY Kiv nq, hv gš¿x wgkb bv‡g cwiwPZ| A‡bK Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv †k‡l 1946
mv‡ji 16 †g wgkb GKwU cwiKíbv †NvlYv K‡i| GwU Ôgš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ| Gi cÖ¯vÍ e¸‡jv
`yÕfv‡M wef³ wQj h_v, ¯^í †gqv`x I `xN© †gqv`x| cÖ_gwUi Ask wn‡m‡e Ks‡MÖm, gymwjg jxM I Ab¨‡`i wb‡q
†K‡›`ª GKwU AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKvi MV‡bi K_v ejv nq| wØZxq fv‡M fviZ wefw³i cwie‡Z© LyeB wkw_j GKwU
hy³ivóªxq KvVv‡gvq HK¨e× ivLvi mycvwik Kiv nq| †m g‡Z cwiKíbvwU A‡bK ¶gZv I KZ…©Z¡ Ac©Y K‡i
fvi‡Zi cÖ‡`k¸‡jv‡K “A”, “B” I “C” GB wZbwU MÖæ‡c wef³ Kiv nq| gymwjg jxM I Gi †bZv wRbœvn gš¿x

evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK Dbœqb c„ôv-28

 evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
wgkb cwiKíbv m¤c~Yf © v‡e MÖnY K‡ib| wKš‘ Ks‡MÖm I Gi mfvcwZ cwÛZ RInijvj †b‡niæ GwU cy‡ivcywi
MÖn‡Y Am¤§wZ Rvbvb| d‡j gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv e¨_© nq| GiB avivevwnKZvq gymwjg jx‡Mi ÔcÖZ¨¶ msMÖvg
w`emÕ cvjb Dcj‡¶ 1946 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷ KjKvZvq BwZnv‡mi GK fqven mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v msNwUZ nq,
hv Ô†MÖU K¨vjKvUv wKwjsÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ| Gici Dfq `j GKwU AšÍe©Z©xKvjxb miKv‡i †hvM`vb
Ki‡jI Zv †Kvb BwZevPK djvdj e‡q wb‡q Av‡m wb|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb
ˆbe©¨w³K cÖkœ
mwVK Dˇi wUK wPý w`b
1. KLb gš¿x wgkb fvi‡Z Av‡m?
K. 1946 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m
L. 1946 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m
M. 1945 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m
N. 1942 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m
2. gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvq KqwU MÖæ‡ci D‡jøL wQj?
K. 2wU
L. 3wU
M. 4wU
N. 5wU
3. KZ ZvwiL gymwjg jxM gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡i?
K. 1946 mv‡ji 5 Ryb
L. 1946 mv‡ji 6 Ryb
M. 1946 mv‡ji 7 Ryb
N. 1946 mv‡ji 8 Ryb
4. gymwjg jxM †Kvb Zvwi‡L ÔcÖZ¨¶ msMÖvgÕ cvjb K‡i?
K. 1946 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷
L. 1946 mv‡ji 6 Ryb
M. 1946 mv‡ji 24 AvM÷
N. 1946 mv‡ji 1 †m‡Þ¤^i

mwVK DËi gvjv: 1| K, 2| L, 3| K, 4| N,

msw¶ß DËig~jK cÖkœ
1. Ôgš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvÕ Kx?
2. gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi cÖwZ gymwjg jx‡Mi Ae¯’vb Kx wQj?
3. gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv m¤^‡Ü Ks‡MÖ‡mi Ae¯’vb Kx wQj?
iPbvg~jK cÖkœ
1. gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbvi aviv¸‡jv Kx wQj?
2. gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv wb‡q gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi g‡a¨ Kxiƒc Ø›Ø †`Lv †`q?

BDwbU- 3 c„ôv-29
GmGmGBPGj
cvV - 4

1947 mv‡ji fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb
 fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi cUf‚wg m¤c‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb;
 fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi g~javiv I djvdj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi cUf‚wg

1946 mv‡ji gš¿x wgkb cwiKíbv e¨_© n‡q hvIqvi ci Pig mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v nv½vgv Ges gymwjg jxM I Ks‡MÖ‡mi
ci¯úi we‡ivax g‡bvfve wbim‡b weªwUk miKvi fviZxq‡`i nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii wm×všÍ †bq| ZvQvov wØZxq
wek¦ hy‡×vËi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z weªwUk miKvi Dcwb‡ek †_‡K nvZ ¸wU‡q †bIqv †kªq e‡j g‡b K‡i| djkÖæwZ‡Z
Mfb©i-†Rbv‡ij jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡U‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ 1947 mv‡ji 3 Ryb GKwU cwiKíbv cªYqb Kiv nq| GB cwiKíbv
ÒgvD›Ue¨v‡U‡bi cwiKíbvÓ bv‡g L¨vZ| GB cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡KB 1947 mv‡ji 18 RyjvB ÔfviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBbÕ
cvm Kiv nq| GB AvBb Abyhvqx fviZe‡l© cÖvq 190 eQ‡ii weªwUk kvm‡bi Aemvb N‡U|

fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi g~javiv I djvdj

G AvB‡bi g~j aviv¸‡jv wbæiƒc t
1. GB AvB‡bi gva¨‡g fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb bv‡g `ywU ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi Rb¥ nq Ges DfqB †Wvwgwbq‡bi gh©v`v
jvf K‡i|
2. G AvB‡b evsjv I cvÄve G `y†Uv cÖ‡`k‡K wn›`y I gymjgvb msL¨vMwiô A‡j wef³ K‡i fviZ I
cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi m‡½ hy³ Kivi e¨e¯’v nq| G e¨vcv‡i mxgvbv wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU Kwgk‡bi K_v ejv
nq|
3. `ywU ¯^vaxb iv‡óª `ywU c„_K MYcwil` MwVZ nq Ges kvmbZš¿ iPbvi ¶gZv jvf K‡i| MYcwil` ¯^-¯^
†Wvwgwbq‡bi kvmbZš¿ iPbvi c~e© ch©šÍ mve©‡fŠg †K›`ªxq AvBb cwil`iƒ‡c KvR Ki‡e e‡j †NvwlZ nq|
4. G AvB‡b fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb weªwUk KgbI‡qj_fy³ †`k wnmv‡e Ae¯’vb Ki‡e wKbv †m m¤c‡K©
MYcwil`‡K wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
5. G AvB‡b fviZ mwPe c‡`i we‡jvc N‡U Ges ivRKxq gh©v`v I c` †_‡K ÔfviZ mgªvUÕ Dcvwa eR©b Kiv
nq|
6. fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi aviv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© aviv n‡jv †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi nv‡Z wbR Ae¯’vb
m¤c‡K© wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv cÖ`vb| G me ivR¨ D³ AvB‡b ¯^vaxb _vKvi wKsev cvwK¯Ívb ev fvi‡Zi
mv‡_ mshy³ nIqvi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi c~Y© AwaKvi jvf K‡i|
7. weªwUk KgbI‡qj_ mwPe‡K fviZ I cvwK¯Ív‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivLvi `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y Kiv nq|
8. G AvB‡b fviZ mwPe KZ©„K wbhy³ Kg©PvwiMY‡K †Wvwgwbqb؇qi Aax‡b PvKwi Kivi e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ
MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi †`Iqv nq Ges c~e©er my‡hvM myweav envj ivLv nq|
9. †Wvwgwbqb؇qi MYcwil` KZ©„K ¯^ ¯^ †Wvwgwbq‡bi kvmbZš¿ iwPZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ wb¤œwjwLZ ms‡kvab I
cwieZ©b mv‡c‡¶ 1935 mv‡ji fviZ kvmb AvBb Abyhvqx, †K›`ªxq I cÖv‡`wkK miKvi¸‡jv kvwmZ n‡e|
(K) gwš¿cwil‡`i civgk© Abyhvqx Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij I cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©i Zv‡`i mKj cÖKvi Kvh© cwiPvjbv
Ki‡eb|
(L) ¯^ ¯^ †Wvwgwbq‡bi gwš¿cwil‡`i civgk©µ‡g weªwUk ivR¨ Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij wb‡qvM Ki‡eb|

evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK Dbœqb c„ôv-30

 evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
(M) gwš¿cwil‡`i civgk© Abyhvqx Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©i wbhy³ Ki‡eb|
(N) weªwUk cvj©v‡g‡›Ui AvB‡bi mv‡_ †Wvwgwbq‡bi cÖ`Ë AvB‡bi AmvgÄm¨Zv n‡j †Wvwgwbqb؇qi
AvBbmfv KZ©„K cÖYxZ AvBb evwZj ev Kvh©Ki n‡e bv|

mviK_v
ÔfviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBbÕ wek¦ gvbwP‡Î `ywU bZzb iv‡óªi ¯’vb K‡i †`q| d‡j fvi‡Z `xN© weªwUk kvm‡bi Aemvb
N‡U| A‡bK msMÖvg, A‡bK Z¨v‡Mi dmj GB ¯^vaxbZv| hw`I gnvZ¥v MvÜx fviZ wefw³ †iv‡a †kl †Póv
K‡iwQ‡jb, wKb‘y Zuvi Abymvwi cwÛZ RInijvj †b‡niæ I mi`vi c¨v‡U‡ji Abgbxq g‡bvfv‡ei Kvi‡Y wZwb
GK ch©v‡q Zuvi c~e© Ae¯’vb †_‡K m‡i Avm‡Z eva¨ nb| ZÕQvov wRbœvi GK¸‡qwg g‡bvfveI GK ev ALÛ
fvi‡Zi wec‡¶ wQj| 1947 mv‡ji 18 RyjvB fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb cvm nq| fvi‡Z weªwUk kvm‡bi Aemvb
Ges fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb bv‡g `ywU ¯^vaxb ivóª cÖwZôvB wQj Gi g~j welq| wKš‘ 1947 mv‡ji fviZ wefw³ mgm¨vi
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mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k bvgK GKwU iv‡óªi|

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mwVK Dˇi wUK wPý w`b|
1. KZ Zvwi‡L ÔfviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBbÕ cvm nq?
K. 1946 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷
L. 1947 mv‡ji 17 RyjvB
M. 1947 mv‡ji 18 RyjvB
N. 1947 mv‡ji 14 AvM÷

2. fviZe‡l© weªwUk wbhy³ †kl MfY©i †Rbv‡ij †K wQ‡jb?

K. jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub
L. jW© Iqv‡fj
M. jW© c¨vw_K j‡iÝ
N. jW© G.wW. Av‡jKRvÛvi

mwVK DËi gvjv: 1| M, 2| K

msw¶ß DËig~jK cÖkœ

1. fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi cUf‚wg m¤^‡Ü Avcwb Kx Rv‡bb?
2. fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡b †`kxq ivR¨ m¤^‡Ü Kx weavb Kiv nq?
3. fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi djvdj Kx?

iPbvg~jK cÖkœ
1. fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvB‡bi aviv¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

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