BDwbU

MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb 4

msweavb nj GKwU iv‡óªi `k©b ev cÖwZ”Qwe| DrcwËMZ A‡_© msweavb ej‡Z m‡e©v”P ivóªxq KZ…©c‡ÿi Av‡`k
cÖwZôv Kiv‡K †evSvq| GKwU iv‡óªi MVb KvVv‡gv, miKv‡ii wewfbœ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ ÿgZvi eÈb, e¨w³ I miKv‡ii
g‡a¨ m¤úK© BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv msweav‡b mywbw`©ó _v‡K| miKv‡ii iƒc msweavb ØvivB wba© vwiZ n‡q _v‡K| cÖ‡Z¨K
†`‡ki msweavbB mgmvggwqK Kv‡j mgv‡R weivRgvb ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZ Ges cÖPwjZ wek¦ v‡mi dj¯^iƒc| nvj Qvov
†hgb †bŠKv P‡j bv, †Zgwb msweavb e¨ZxZ ivóª e¨e¯’ v APj n‡q c‡o| ZvB GKwU iv‡óª msweav‡bi ¸iæZ¡
Acwimxg| Av‡jvP¨ BDwb‡U evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖY q‡bi BwZnvm, msweav‡bi ˆewkó¨, msweav‡bi ms‡kvabx I
mykvmb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

BDwbU mgvwßi m‡e©v”P mgq 1 mßvn

BDwbU mgvwßi mgq

GB BDwb‡Ui cvVmg~ n
cvV - 4.1 : evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖYqb
cvV - 4.2 : 1972 mv‡ji msweavb
cvV - 4.3 : ivóªxq g~jbxwZ
cvV - 4.4 : †gŠwjK AwaKvi
cvV - 4.5 : msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxmg~n
cvV - 4.6 : evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ

cvV-4.1 evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖYqb

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖY q‡bi BwZnvm eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã MYcwil`, Awa‡ekb, msweavb cÖYqb KwgwU, wej, Aby‡gv`b, Kvh© Ki

1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k we‡k¦i gvbwP‡Î GKwU ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg †`k wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…w Z
cvq| 1972 mv‡ji 10 Rvbyqvwi e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb cvwK¯Ív‡bi KvivMvi †_‡K wd‡i G‡m m`¨
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

¯^vaxb †`‡ki `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib| 11 Rvbyqvwi, 1972 mv‡j e½eÜz ivóªcwZ wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`‡ki A¯’ vqx MYcwil`
Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib| G MYcwil` evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖYqb K‡i|
MYcwil` Av‡`k :
MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªcwZ 1972 mv‡ji 23 gvP© evsjv‡`k MYcwil` Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib| GB Av‡`k 26
gvP©, 1971 mvj †_‡K Kvh© Ki nq| GB Av‡`k Abym v‡i wW‡m¤^i, 1970 Ges Rvbyq vwi, 1971 mv‡j wbe© vwPZ
cÖv‡`wkK I RvZxq cwil‡`i m`m¨MY MYcwil‡`i m`m¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ nq| g„Zz¨ Ges AvB‡b A‡hvM¨ †NvwlZ
nIqvi d‡j Dfq cwil` wg‡j me©‡gvU 469 Rb m`‡m¨i ¯’‡j 404 Rb m`m¨ wb‡q MYcwil` MwVZ nq| GB
MYcwil‡`i Dci MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ msweavb cÖYq‡bi `vwqZ¡ Ac© Y Kiv nq| MYcwil` Zvi Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKRb w¯úKvi I †Wcyw U w¯úKvi wbe©vPb K‡i|
MYcwil‡`i cÖ_g Awa‡ekb :
10 GwcÖj, 1972 mv‡j MYcwil‡`i cÖ_g Awa‡ekb e‡m| Awa‡ek‡bi wØZxq w`‡b AvBb I msm` welqKgš¿x W.
Kvgvj †nv‡m‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ 34 m`m¨ wewkó GKwU Lmov msweavb cÖYqb KwgwU MVb Kiv nq| 17 GwcÖj, 1972
mv‡j KwgwU cÖ_g ˆeVK K‡i| GB KwgwU msweavb m¤ú‡K© gZvgZ jv‡fi Rb¨ wewfbœ ch©v‡q A‡bK¸‡jv ˆeVK
K‡i| ÔLmov msweavb cÖYqb KwgwUÕ msweavb m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ gnj †_‡K 98wU cÖ¯Íve I mycvwik cvq| 10 Ryb,
1972 mv‡j KwgwUi †kl ˆeV‡K msweav‡bi cÖv_wgK LmovwU Aby‡gv`b Kiv nq| 11 Ryb, 1972 mv‡j KwgwUi
mfvcwZ cÖ avbgš¿xi mv‡_ mvÿvr K‡i Lmov msweav‡bi wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡ c~Y© w`K wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| 11 A‡±vei,
1972 mv‡j KwgwU me©‡kl Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i Ges †mw`bB msweav‡bi c~ Y©v½ Lmov P‚o všÍfv‡e M„nxZ nq|
MYcwil‡`i wØZxq Awa‡ekb :
12 A‡±vei, 1972 mv‡j MYcwil‡`i wØZxq Awa‡ekb e‡m| GB Awa‡ek‡b Lmov msweavbwU wej AvKv‡i †ck
Kiv nq| MYcwil‡` wejwUi Ici e³e¨ w`‡Z wM‡q e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb e‡jb, ÔGB msweavb knx‡`i i‡³
wjwLZ|Õ wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb, ÔGB msweavb †`‡ki mgMÖ RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKv•Lvi g~Z© cÖZxK wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|Õ
wej DÌvcbKv‡j AvBb I msm`welqK gš¿x W. Kvgvj †nv‡mb e‡jb, ÔÔGB msweavb MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q GK
†kvlYgy³ mgvRZvwš¿K mgvR e¨e¯’ v cÖ wZôvi cÖ¯Íve K‡i‡Q| GB mgvR e¨e¯’vq AvB‡bi kvmb, RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK
AwaKvi, ¯^vaxbZv, mvg¨ Ges ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ n‡e|Õ
Lmov mswav‡bi P‚ovšÍ Aby‡gv`b :
19 A‡±vei, 1972 mv‡j Lmov msweav‡bi cÖ_g cvV ïiæ nq Ges 30 A‡±vei ch©šÍ P‡j| AZ:ci 31 A‡±vei
wØZxq cvV ïiæ nq Ges 3 b‡f¤^i ch©šÍ G cvV P‡j| 4 b‡f¤^i msweav‡bi Ici Z…Zxq I me©‡kl cvV ïiæ nq| H
w`b A_©vr 4 b‡f¤^i, 1972 mv‡j MYcwil` m`m¨MY evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb‡K Zzgyj KiZvwj I nl©aŸwbi ga¨ w`‡q
P‚ovšÍfv‡e wewae× K‡ib| †mB gv‡n›`ªÿ‡Y RvwZi RbK e½eÜz e‡jb, ÔÔGKwU RvwZ wn‡m‡e evOvwjiv BwZnv‡m
GB cÖ_gev‡ii gZ Zv‡`i mve©‡fŠgZ¡ iÿv‡_© msweavb cÖYqb Kij|ÕÕ MYcwil` KZ…©K M„nxZ G msweavb weRq
w`e‡mi cÖwZ kÖ×v Rvwb‡q 16 wW‡m¤^i, 1972 mvj †_‡K Kvh©Ki Kiv nq|

cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, 1972 mv‡j m`¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ GKwU ¯^ Zš¿ msweavb cÖY qb wQj hyMvšÍix c`‡ÿc|
e½eÜzi `~i`k©x †bZ…‡ Z¡i Ab¨Zg dmj ¯^ vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb| GB msweav‡b RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKvi,
AvB‡bi kvmb, ¯^vaxbZv, mvg¨ Ges ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi cÖ wZôv cvq|

wkÿv_©xi KvR evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖY q‡bi BwZnvm eY©bv Kiæb|

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

mvims‡ÿc
1947 mv‡j ivóª cÖwZôvi bq eQ‡i cvwK¯Í vb cÖ _g msweavb cÖ Yq‡b mÿg nq| cÿvšÍ‡i weRq AR©‡bi gvÎ
GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ e½eÜzi †bZ… ‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jxM miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ GKwU c~Y©v½ msweavb cÖ Yqb I
Kvh© Ki K‡i| GB msweav‡b evOvwj RvwZi mKj Avkv-AvKv•Lvi cÖ Kvk N‡U‡Q| evsjv‡`k msweavb 1972
mv‡ji 4 b‡f¤^i MYcwil‡` M„nxZ nq Ges GKB eQ‡ii 16 wW‡m¤^i †_‡K Kvh© Ki nq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.1
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| e½eÜz cvwK¯Í vb KvivMvi †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb KLb?
(K) 10 Rvbyq vwi, 1972 (L) 12 Rvbyq vwi, 1972
(M) 10 †deªæqvwi, 1972 (N) 15 †deªæqvwi, 1972
2| Lmov msweavb cÖYqb KwgwUi m`m¨ msL¨v KZ wQj?
(K) 28 (L) 30
(M) 32 (N) 34
3| A¯’vqx MYcwil` Av‡`k †K Rvix K‡ib?

(K) e½eÜz (L) Zvg`RDÏxb Avn

(M) W. Kvgvj †nv‡mb (N) L›`Kvi †gvkZvK Avng`

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV-4.2 1972 mv‡ji msweavb

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡bi ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã †gŠwjK AwaKvi, g~jbxwZ, bvMwiKZ¡, msweav‡bi mve©‡fŠgZ¡, msm`xq miKvi

c×wZ, RbM‡Yi mve©‡fŠgZ¡|

evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY evOvwj RvwZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ I gh©v`v iÿvi Rb¨ e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi AvnŸv‡b
¯^Z:ù~Z© mvov †`q Ges exiZ¡c~Y© gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i m‡e©v”P Z¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g 1971 mv‡ji 16B
wW‡m¤^i P‚ovšÍ weRq AR©b K‡i| weRq AR©‡bi GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨B wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaMY msweav‡bi Lmov cÖ ¯‘Z
K‡ib, hv 1972 mv‡ji 4Vv b‡f¤^i MYcwil‡` M„nxZ Ges GKB eQ‡ii 16B wW‡m¤^i Kvh©Ki nq| wb‡¤œ 1972
mv‡ji MYcÖR vZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Kiv nj :

1. cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖ ¯Ívebv : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi cÖ_g fv‡M 1bs Aby‡”Q‡`i 1bs avivq cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖ¯Ívebv i‡q‡Q|
G cÖ¯Ívebv Abyh vqx evsjv‡`k GKwU GKK, ¯^ vaxb I mve©‡fŠg cÖR vZš¿, hv ÔÔMYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`kÕÕ bv‡g
cwiwPwZ|
2. ivóªxq g~jbxwZ : 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡bi 8(1) bs Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ PviwU| h_v :
RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿ I ag©wbi‡cÿZv| GB bxwZmg~n Ges Zvi m‡½ GB bxwZmg~n n‡Z D™¢‚ Z Ab¨
mKj bxwZ ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ e‡j cwiMwYZ|
3. †gŠwjK AwaKvi : msweav‡bi Z…Zxq fv‡M bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨ KZK¸‡jv †gŠwjK AwaKvi wjwce× i‡q‡Q|
bvMwi‡Ki e¨w³Z¡ weKvk Ges AwaKv‡ii c_ Db¥y³ Kivi Rb¨ cÖMwZkxj msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKvi msiwÿZ
_v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †NvwlZ †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q; AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z mgZv, miKvwi wb‡qvM
jv‡f my‡hv‡Mi mgZv, mv‡g¨i AwaKvi, Pjv‡div, mfv-mwgwZ, wPšÍv I we‡e‡Ki ¯^vaxbZv, evK ¯^vaxbZv
m¤úwËi AwaKvi, ag©xq ¯^vaxbZv cÖf…w Z|
4. msm`xq miKvi c×wZ : msweavb Abyh vqx evsjv‡`‡k msm`xq miKvi c×wZ ev gwš¿cwil` kvwmZ miKvi
c×wZ wbqgZvwš¿K cÖavb Ges cÖa vbgš¿xmn gwš¿cwil` n‡eb †`‡ki cÖK…Z kvmK| gwš¿cwil` †hŠ_fv‡e
msm‡`i wbKU `vqx _vK‡e|
5. wjwLZ msweavb : evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb wjwLZ Ges MÖš’xZ| msweav‡bi 11wU fvM, 153wU Aby‡”Q` Ges GKwU
cÖ¯Ívebvmn 7wU Zdwmj i‡q‡Q| msweav‡b miKv‡ii wZbwU wefvMmn ¸iæZ¡ c~Y© c‡`i AwaKvix †hgb- ivóªcwZ,
cÖavbgš¿x, w¯úKvi, cÖa vb wePvicwZ, A¨vU©wb †Rbv‡ijmn Ab¨vb¨‡`i ÿgZv, Kvh©vewj my®úófv‡e D‡jøL
i‡q‡Q|
6. RbM‡bi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ : MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki mKj ivóªxq ÿgZvi gvwjK RbMY| RbM‡Yi c‡ÿ msweavb
Abyhvqx wbw`©ó KZ…© cÿ KZ…© K GB ÿgZv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| msweav‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, ÔÔRbMYB mKj ivóªxq ÿgZvi
Drm| RbMY cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e ev cÖw Zwbwa wbe© vP‡bi gva¨‡g c‡ivÿfv‡e ivóªxq ÿgZv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e|ÕÕ
7. msweav‡bi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ : evsjv‡`k msweav‡b kvmbZ‡š¿i mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i weavb i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b msweavb ev
kvmbZš¿B nj †`‡ki m‡e© v”P AvBb| msweav‡bi mv‡_ mvgĨnxb †h †Kvb AvBb evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
8. bvMwiKZ¡ : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 6bs Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ‡ Z¨K bvMwiK evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKZ¡
AvB‡bi Øviv wba©vwiZ I wbqwš¿Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY RvwZ wn‡m‡e evOvwj Ges bvMwiKMY evsjv‡`wk
e‡j cwiwPZ n‡e|

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

9. wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv : msweavb Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P Av`vjZ n‡”Q Ôevsjv‡`k mywcÖg †KvU©Õ| Avwcj
wefvM I nvB‡KvU© wefvM wb‡q myw cÖg †KvU© MwVZ n‡e| msweav‡bi 22bs Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx iv‡óªi wbe© vnx A_©vr
cÖkvmwbK Av‡`kmg~n †_‡K wePvi wefv‡Mi c„_KxKiY ivóª KZ…©K wbwðZ Kiv n‡e|
10. `y®úwieZ©b xq msweavb : evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvabMZ w`K †_‡K `y®úwieZ© bxq| A_©vr G msweavb mn‡R
cwieZ©b Kiv hvq bv| Z‡e kZ©mv‡c‡ÿ cwieZ©b, cwiea©b, ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb, cwigvR©b Kiv hvq| G Rb¨
msm‡`i `yB-Z…Zxqvsk m`‡m¨i m¤§wZ `iKvi|
11. GK‡Kw›`ªK ivóª : msweavb Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡k GK‡Kw›`ªK kvmbe¨e¯’v cÖPwjZ| evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb cÖ‡ `k †bB|
†m Kvi‡Y GLv‡b miKv‡ii mKj ÿgZv †K›`ª xq miKv‡ii nv‡Z b¨¯Í _vK‡e Ges †K›`ªxq miKvi †K›`ª †_‡KB
kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbv cwiPvjbv K‡i|
12. gvwjKvbv bxwZ : evsjv‡`k msweav‡b G †`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i wZb ai‡bi gvwjKvbv bxwZ ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
msweav‡bi 13bs Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx G¸‡jv n‡”Q (i) ivóªxq gvwjKvbv ( ii) mgevqx gvwjKvbv I (iii) e¨w³MZ
gvwjKvbv
13. GK Kÿ wewkó AvBbmfv : evsjv‡`‡ki AvBbmfvi bvg ÔRvZxq msm`Õ| GwU GK Kÿ wewkó AvBbmfv|
RbM‡Yi mivmwi †fv‡U wbe© vwPZ 300 Rb m`m¨ wb‡q RvZxq msm` MwVZ nq|
14. msweavb ms‡kvabxi weavb : msweav‡bi †h †Kv‡bv aviv ms‡kvab ev evwZj Kivi Rb¨ cvj©v‡g‡›Ui `yB-
Z„Zxqvs‡ki m¤§wZm~P K cÖ ¯Íve ev †fvU MÖn‡Yi weavb msweav‡b i‡q‡Q| ZvQvov hy× †NvlYv ev AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨
msm` m`m¨‡`i m¤§wZ cÖ‡ qvRb|
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, 1972 mv‡ji msweavb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ gh©v`vKi| †Kbbv G msweav‡bi
gva¨‡gB bvMwiK‡`i cÖK…Z ¯^ vaxbZv I AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ nq|

wkÿv_©xi KvR 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡bi ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc
1972 mv‡ji msweav‡b evOvwj RvwZi Aw¯Í Z¡, msMÖvg, ¯^ vaxbZv Ges AwaKvi¸‡jv ¯^ xK… wZ †c‡q‡Q| G
msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~ jbxwZ, RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~ n Ges iv‡óªi wbe© vnx wefvM, AvBb wefvM I
wePvi wefv‡Mi Kvh© cwiwamn msweavwbK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni ÿgZv I Kvh© vewj ewY© Z n‡q‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.2
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Kvh©Kix nq KLb?
(K) 1972 mv‡ji 26 gvP© (L) 1972 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i
(M) 1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i (N) 1972 mv‡ji 26 wW‡m¤^i
2| ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ KqwU?
(K) 4wU (L) 6wU
(M) 8wU (N) 10wU
3| evsjv‡`‡ki AvBbmfvi bvg wK?
(K) Ks‡MÖm (L) cvj© v‡g›U
(M) RvZxq msm` (N) †jvKmfv

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

4| evsjv‡`‡ki AvBbmfvi †gvU m`m¨ msL¨v KZ?

(K) 300 (L) 315
(M) 330 (N) 350
5| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi ˆewkó¨ nj-
i.`y®úwieZ©b xq
ii.RbM‡Yi mve©‡ fŠgZ¡
iii. wØKÿwewkó AvBbmfv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii, I iii

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

cvV-4.3 ivóªxq g~jbxwZ

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 evsjv‡`k msweav‡b D‡jøwLZ ivóª xq g~jbxwZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
 ivóªxq g~jbxwZ‡Z AvbxZ cwieZ©bmg~n Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã msweavb, g~jbxwZ, RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿, ag©wbi‡cÿZv

1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k ¯^ vaxbZv AR©‡bi wVK GK eQi ci, A_©vr 1972 mv‡ji 16
wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Kvh© Ki nq| 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡b ivóªxq g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e RvZxqZvev`,
mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿ I ag©wbi‡cÿZv‡K wjwce× Kiv nq| wKš‘ cÖ_g mvgwiK kvmK wRqvDi ingv‡bi Avg‡j
msweav‡bi g~jbxwZ‡Z AbvKvw•LZ cwieZ©b mvab Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z 2011 mv‡j cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g cÖ_g
msweav‡bi g~jbxwZ¸‡jv cyb:cÖw Zôv Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 8g Aby‡”Q` †_‡K 25 Aby‡ ”Q` ch©šÍ ivóª
cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZi D‡jø L i‡q‡Q|
1972 mv‡j iwPZ evsjv‡`k msweav‡b Dwjøw LZ ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~n :
MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 2q Aa¨v‡qi 8g Aby‡”Q` †_‡K 25Zg Aby‡”Q` ch©šÍ ivóª cwiPvjbvi
g~jbxwZ¸‡jv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿ I ag©wbi‡cÿZv GB PviwU welq‡K iv‡óªi ¯Í ¤¢ ev
†gŠwjK Av`k© wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡Z Av‡iv ejv n‡q‡Q, Dc‡iv³ PviwU bxwZmn 2q fv‡M ewY© Z Ab¨
mKj bxwZ ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ e‡j MY¨ n‡e| wb‡¤œ ivóª xq Pvi g~jbxwZ m¤ú‡K© mswÿß weeiY †`Iqv nj :
i. RvZxqZvev` : fvlvMZ I ms¯‹…wZMZ GKK mËvwewkó †h evOvjx RvwZ HK¨e× I msKíe× msMÖ vg K‡i
RvZxq gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv I mve©‡fŠgZ¡ AR©b K‡i‡Qb, †mB evOvjx RvwZi HK¨ I
msnwZ n‡e evOvjx RvZxqZvev‡`i wfwË| (Aby‡”Q` 9)|
ii. mgvRZš¿ : gvby‡li Dci gvby‡li †kvlY n‡Z gy³ b¨vqvbyM I mvg¨ev`x mgvR jvf wbwðZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
mgvRZvwš¿K A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’ v cÖ wZôv Kiv nj iv‡óªi jÿ¨| (Aby‡”Q` 10)
iii. MYZš¿ : cÖR vZš¿ n‡e GKwU MYZš¿, †hLv‡b †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi I ¯^ vaxbZvi wbðqZv _vK‡e, gvbe mËvi
gh©v`v I g~‡j¨i cÖwZ kÖ×v‡eva wbwðZ n‡e| cÖk vm‡bi mKj ch©v‡q wbe© vwPZ cÖw Zwbwa‡`i gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi
Kvh©Ki AskMÖnY wbwðZ n‡e| (Aby‡”Q` 11)
iv. ag©wbi‡cÿZv : ag©wbi‡cÿZvi A_© nj mKj cÖKvi mv¤úª`vwqKZv Aemvb, ivóª KZ…© K †Kv‡bv ag©‡K
ivR‰bwZK gh© v`v bv †`Iqv, ivR‰bwZK D‡Ï‡k¨ ag©‡K e¨envi bv Kiv Ges †Kvb we‡kl ag© cvjbKvix
e¨w³i cÖwZ ˆelg¨g~jK AvPiY wbcxo‡bi Aemvb| (Aby‡”Q` 12)
ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZi †kÖwYKiY :
evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi DwjøwLZ ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~n‡K Pvifv‡M fvM K‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvq| wb‡¤œ ivóª
cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZi †kÖ wYKiY Kiv nj -
1. A_©‰bwZK m¤úwK©Z bxwZmg~n : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 2q fv‡Mi 13, 15, 16, 19 (2) Ges 20 bs Aby‡”Q‡`
A_©‰bwZK m¤úwK© Z bxwZmg~‡ni D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡”Q-
i. ivóª A_©‰bwZK †ÿ‡Î ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Y m‡Pó n‡e;

BDwbU GK c„ôv 122

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

ii. bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ m¤ú‡`i mylg eÈb wbwðZ Ki‡e;

iii. MÖvgv‡j we`y¨Zvq‡bi e¨e¯’ v Ki‡e;
iv. ivóª KzwUi wkí I Ab¨vb¨ wk‡íi weKvk NUv‡e|
v. †hvM¨Zv I Kg©vbyh vqx cÖ‡ Z¨‡K ¯^ xq K‡g©i Rb¨ cvwikÖwgK jvf Ki‡e|
vi. Abœ, e¯¿, AvkÖq, wkÿv I wPwKrmvmn Rxebavi‡Yi †gŠwjK DcKi‡Yi e¨e¯’v ivóª wbwðZ Ki‡e|
vii. A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ ivóª wZb ai‡bi gvwjKvbv h_v- ivóª xq gvwjKvbv, mgevqx gvwjKvbv I
e¨w³MZ gvwjKvbv e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡e|
2. mvgvwRK m¤úwK©Z bxwZmg~n : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 2q fv‡Mi 14, 15, 17 Ges 18bs Aby‡”Q‡` mvgvwRK
m¤úwK©Z bxwZmg~‡ni D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡”Q-
i. ivóª RbM‡Yi cywógvb Dbœ qb I Rb¯^ v¯’¨ iÿvi †Póv Ki‡e;
ii. Av‡iv‡M¨i cÖ‡qvRb wKsev AvB‡bi Øviv wbw`©ó Ab¨wea cÖ‡qvRb e¨ZxZ g`¨ I Ab¨vb¨ gv`K cvbxq
Ges ¯^v¯’¨ nvwbKi †fl‡Ri e¨envi wbwl×Ki‡Yi Rb¨ ivóª Kvh© Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|
iii. MwYKve„ wË I Ryqv‡Ljv wb‡iv‡ai Rb¨ ivóª Kvh© Ki e¨e¯’v MÖn Y Ki‡e|
iv. mKj bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ my‡hv‡Mi mgZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z ivóª m‡Pó n‡e|
v. GKB c×wZi MYgyL x I mve©Rbxb wkÿve¨e¯’v cÖw Zôvi Rb¨ Ges AvB‡bi Øviv wba© vwiZ ¯Íi ch©šÍ
mKj evjK-evwjKv‡K A‰eZwbK I eva¨Zvg~j K wkÿv`v‡bi Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’ v ivóª MÖn Y Ki‡e|
vi. AvB‡bi Øviv wba©vwiZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ wbiÿiZv `~i Kivi Rb¨ ivóª Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’ v MÖnY Ki‡e|

3. AvBb I kvmb e¨e¯’vi ms¯‹vig~jK bxwZmg~n : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 2q fv‡Mi 9, 10, 22, 23 I 24 bs
Aby‡”Q‡` AvBb I kvmbe¨e¯’vi ms¯‹vig~jK bxwZi e¨vL¨v i‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv n‡”Q-
i. iv‡óªi wbe©vnx A½mg~n †_‡K wePvi wefv‡Mi c„_KxKiY ivóª wbwðZ Ki‡e|
ii. RvZxq fvlv, mvwnZ¨ I wkí Kjvmg~‡ni Dbœq‡bi e¨e¯’v ivóª wbwðZ Ki‡e|
iii. ivóª RbM‡Yi mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨ I DËivwaKvi iÿ‡Yi Rb¨ e¨e¯’ v MÖnY Ki‡e|

4. ciivóªbxwZ m¤úwK©Z bxwZmg~n : evsjv‡`k msweav‡b 25 bs Aby‡”Q‡` ciivóªb xwZ msµvšÍ bxwZi D‡jøL
i‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv n‡”Q-

i. Ab¨ iv‡óªi Af¨šÍixY wel‡q n¯Í‡ÿc bv Kiv|

ii. AvšÍR©vwZK we‡iv‡ai kvwšÍ c~Y© mgvavb Kiv
iii. AvšÍR©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i †ÿ‡Î kw³ cÖ‡qvM cwinvi Ges mvaviY I m¤ú~Y© wbi¯¿xKi‡Yi Rb¨ †Póv Kiv|
iv. cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi ¯^vaxb AwfcÖ vq Abyhvqx wbR¯^ mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’v wba©viY I
MV‡bi AwaKvi mg_©b Kiv|
v. mv¤ªvR¨ev`, Jcwb‡ewkKZvev` ev eY©‰elg¨ev‡`i weiæ‡× we‡k¦i me©Î wbcxwoZ RbM‡Yi b¨vqm½Z
msMÖvg‡K mg_©b Ki‡e|
ivóªxq g~jbxwZ‡Z AvbxZ cwieZ©b mg~n :
1972 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k msweavb Kvh© Kix nIqvi ci 1979 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi gvm ch©šÍ ivóª cwiPvjbvi
g~jbxwZi PviwU g~j ¯Í‡ ¤¢ †Kv‡bv cwieZ© b Avbv nqwb| 1975 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywReyi
ingvb‡K mcwiev‡i nZ¨vKv‡Ûi avivevwnKZvq ÿgZv `Lj K‡ib wRqvDi ingvb| GB mvgwiK kvmK 1979

BDwbU GK c„ôv 123

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

mv‡j cÂg ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g msweav‡bi PviwU g~j ¯Í‡¤¢i wZbwU‡Z cwieZ©b Av‡bb| ms‡kvabx ev cwieZ©b¸‡jv
wb¤œiƒc-
1. RvZxqZvev` : ÔevOvwjÕ RvZxqZvev‡`i cwie‡Z© Ôevsjv‡`wkÕ RvZxqZvev` Kiv nq| Z‡e evsjv‡`wk
RvZxqZvev‡`i aiY ev wfwË wK n‡e ms‡kvabx‡Z Zvi †Kv‡bv D‡jøL Kiv nq wb|
2. mgvRZš¿ : mgvRZ‡š¿I cwieZ©b Avbv nq| G‡Z ejv nq mgvRZ‡š¿i ¯’v‡b n‡e A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK
b¨vqwePvi A‡_© mgvRZš¿|
3. ag©wbi‡cÿZv : msweavb †_‡K ag©w bi‡cÿZv ev` †`Iqv nq| Ôag©wbi‡cÿZvÕ kãwU cwiewZ© Z n‡q Ôme©
kw³gvb Avjøvni Dci c~Y© Av¯’v I wek¦vmÕ cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq|
mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i nvB‡KvU© wefvM 29 AvM÷, 2005 mv‡j msweav‡bi cÂg ms‡kvabx A‰ea †NvlYv K‡i| cieZ© x‡Z
Avwcj wefvM 2 †deªæqvwi, 2010 mv‡j nvB‡KvU© wefv‡Mi ivq envj iv‡L| GB avivevwnKZv‡Z 2011 mv‡ji 25
Ryb, msweav‡bi cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k iv‡óªi g~jbxwZ¸‡jv cy b:cÖwZwôZ nq|

wkÿv_©xi KvR evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi ivóªxq g~jbxwZmg~n D‡jøL Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc
evsjv‡`k msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~ ‡ni AšÍ f‚©w³KiY we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ c~Y©| msweav‡bi 8(2) bs
Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q, ÔÔG bxwZmg~ n evsjv‡`k cwiPvjbvi g~jm~ Î nB‡e, AvBb cÖYqbKv‡j ivóª Zv cÖ‡qvM
Kwi‡eb, GB msweavb I evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î ZvB wb‡`© kK nB‡e Ges Zvnv ivóª
I bvMwiK‡`i Kv‡h©i wfwË n‡e, Z‡e GB mKj bxwZ Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ejer‡hvM¨ nB‡e bv|ÕÕ

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.3
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi ivóªxq g~jbxwZ KqwU?
(K) 2wU (L) 4wU
(M) 6wU (N) 8wU
2| 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡b ivóª xq g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e wjwce× wQj?
i. RvZxqZvev` I mgvRZš¿
ii. MYZš¿ I ag©wbi‡cÿZv
iii wØRvwZ ZË¡
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) I (L) i I ii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii, I iii
3| msweav‡bi cÂg ms‡kvabx mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i Avwcj wefvM K‡i A‰ea †NvlYv K‡i?
K) 2 †deªæqvwi, 2010 L) 10 Ryb, 2012
(M) 5 gvP©, 2015 (N) 10 RyjvB, 2016

BDwbU GK c„ôv 124

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV-4.4 msweavb ewY©Z †gŠwjK AwaKvi

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 †gŠwjK AwaKvi ej‡Z wK †evSvq Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
 evsjv‡`k msweav‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n eY©b v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã †gŠwjK AwaKvi, AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z mgZv, e¨w³¯^vaxbZv, Rei`w¯Í kÖg, evK ¯^vvaxbZv,
ag©msµvšÍ ¯^vaxbZv|

†gŠwjK AwaKvi
†gŠwjK AwaKvi ej‡Z †evSvq, ivóª cÖ`Ë †mme my‡hvM-myweav hv bvMwi‡Ki e¨w³Z¡ weKv‡ki Rb¨
Acwinvh©| msweav‡bi ms‡kvab wKsev †`‡k Riæwi Ae¯’v Rvwi Kiv Qvov †gŠwjK AwaKvi ÿzbœ Kiv hvq bv|
msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKvi wjwce× _vKvi Kvi‡Y G¸‡jvi †kÖ ôZ¡ ¯^xK…Z| DËg msweav‡bi Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kZ©
n‡”Q †gŠwjK AwaKvi msweav‡b AšÍf³ ‚© Kiv| †gŠwjK AwaKvi bvMwiK Rxe‡bi weKvk I e¨vwßi Rb¨
AZ¨vek¨Kxq kZ©|
myZivs †gŠwjK AwaKvi nj bvMwiK Rxe‡bi I e¨w³Z¡ weKv‡ki Rb¨ Acwinvh© kZ©, e¨w³¯^ vaxbZvi iÿvKeP hv
msweav‡b AšÍ f³
‚© _v‡K, miKvi †gŠwjK AwaKvi j•Nb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

evsjv‡`k msweav‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n

AvaywbK we‡k¦i AwaKvsk †`‡ki msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKvi AšÍf‚©³ _v‡K| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Z… Zxq fv‡M 27
bs Aby‡”Q` †_‡K 47 bs Aby‡”Q` ch©šÍ †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n mwbœ‡ewkZ i‡q‡Q| wb‡¤œ evsjv‡`k msweav‡b
mwbœ‡ewkZ †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n Zz‡j aiv nj-
1. AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z mgZv : mKj bvMwiK AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z mgvb Ges AvB‡bi mgvb AvkÖ qjv‡fi AwaKvix|
[Aby‡”Q`-27]
2. bvbvb Kvi‡Y ˆelg¨ : ag©, †Mvôx, eY©, bvix-cyiæl †f‡` ev Rb¥¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y †Kvb bvMwi‡Ki cÖwZ ivóª ˆelg¨
cÖ`k©b Ki‡e bv| ivóª I MYRxe‡bi me©¯Í‡i bvix cyiæl mgvb AwaKvi jvf Ki‡e| †Kej ag©, †Mvôx, eY©, bvix
cyiæl‡f` ev Rb¥¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y Rbmvavi‡Yi †Kvb we‡bv`b ev wekÖ v‡gi ¯’v‡b cÖ‡e‡ki wKsev †Kvb wkÿv
cÖwZôv‡b fwZ©i wel‡q †Kvb bvMwiK‡K †Kvbiƒc AÿgZv, eva¨evaKZv, evav ev k‡Z©i Aaxb Kiv hv‡e bv|
[Aby‡”Q`-28(1), 28(2), 28(3)]
3. miKvwi wb‡qvMjv‡fi my‡hv‡Mi mgZv : cÖRvZ‡š¿i K‡g© wb‡qvM ev c`jv‡fi †ÿ‡Î mKj bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨
my‡hv‡Mi mgZv _vK‡e| ag©, †Mvôx, eY© bvix cyiæl‡f` ev Rb¥¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y †Kvb bvMwiK cÖR vZ‡š¿i K‡g©
wb‡qvM ev c`jv‡fi A‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| wKsev †m †ÿ‡Î Zuvi cÖwZ ˆelg¨ cÖ`k©b Kiv hv‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 29(1),
29 (2)]
4. we‡`wk †LZve cÖf„wZ MÖnY wbwl×KiY : ivóªcwZi c~e© vby‡gv`b e¨ZxZ †Kvb bvMwiK †Kvb we‡`wk iv‡óªi wbKU
†_‡K †Kvb †LZve, m¤§vb, cyi ¯‹vi ev f‚lY MÖnY Ki‡e bv| [Aby‡ ”Q`-30]
5. AvB‡bi AvkÖqjv‡fi AwaKvi : AvB‡bi AvkÖqjvf Ges AvBbvbyhvqx I †Kej AvBbvbyhvqx e¨envi jvf †h
†Kvb ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vbiZ cÖ‡ Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki Ges mvgwqKfv‡e evsjv‡`‡k Ae¯’vbiZ Acivci e¨w³i Awe‡”Q`¨
AwaKvi Ges we‡klZ: AvBbvbyhvqx e¨ZxZ Ggb †Kvb e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv, hv‡Z †Kvb e¨w³i Rxeb,
¯^vaxbZv, †`n, mybvg ev m¤úwËi nvwb N‡U| [Aby‡”Q-31]

BDwbU GK c„ôv 125

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

6. Rxeb I e¨w³¯^vaxbZvi AwaKvi iÿY : AvBbvbyhvqx e¨ZxZ Rxeb I e¨w³¯^vaxbZv n‡Z †Kvb e¨w³‡K ewÂZ
Kiv hv‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`-32]|
7. †MÖßvi I AvUK m¤ú‡K© iÿvKeP : †MÖßviK…Z †Kvb e¨w³‡K h_vm¤¢ e kxNª †MÖßv‡ii KviY Ávcb bv K‡i
cÖnivq AvUK ivLv hv‡e bv Ges D³ e¨w³‡K Zuvi g‡bvbxZ AvBbRxexi mv‡_ civg‡k©i I Zuvi Øviv AvZ¥cÿ
mg_©‡bi AwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ Kiv hv‡e bv| †MÖßviK…Z I cÖnivq AvUK cÖ‡ Z¨K e¨w³‡K wbKUZg g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui
m¤§y‡L †MÖßv‡ii PweŸk N›Uvi g‡a¨ nvwRi Kiv n‡e Ges g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui Av‡`k e¨ZxZ Zv‡K AwZwi³ mgq
cÖnivq AvUK ivLv hv‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 33(1), 33(2), 33(3K)]
8. Rei`w¯Í kÖg wbwl×KiY : mKj cÖKvi Rei`w¯Í kÖg wbwl×| GB weavb †Kvbfv‡e jw•NZ n‡j Zv AvBbZ:
`Ðbxq Aciva e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Z‡e †dŠR`vwi Aciv‡ai Rb¨ `ÐcÖvß e¨w³i †ÿ‡Î GB weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv|
[Aby‡”Q`-34(1), 34(2 K)]
9. wePvi I `Ð m¤ú‡K© iÿY : GK Aciv‡ai Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K GKvwaKevi †dŠR`vix‡Z †mvc`© I `wÐZ Kiv
hv‡e bv| †dŠR`vix Aciv‡ai `v‡q Awfhy³ cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³ AAB‡bi Øviv cÖwZwôZ ¯^ vaxb I wbi‡cÿ Av`vjZ
ev UªvBey¨bv‡j `ªæZ I cÖKvk¨ wePvi jv‡fi Aw`Kvix n‡e| †Kvb Aciv‡ai `v‡q Axfhy³ e¨w³‡K wb‡Ri weiæ‡×
mvÿ¨ w`‡Z eva¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| †Kvb e¨w³‡K hš¿bv †`Iqv wKsev wbôzi, AgvbywlK ev jvÃbvKi `Ð †`Iqv hv‡e
bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 35(1), 35 (2), 35 (3), 35 (4), 35 (5)]
10. Pjv‡divi ¯^vaxbvZ : Rb¯^v‡_© AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ hy w³m½Z evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ evsjv‡`‡ki me© Î Aeva
Pjv‡div, †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b emevm I emwZ¯’ vb Ges evsjv‡`k Z¨vM I evsjv‡`‡k cyb:cÖ‡ek Kivi AwaKvi
cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki _vK‡e| [Ab‡”Q`- 36]
11. mgvR‡e‡ki ¯^vaxbZv : Rbk„•Ljv ev Rb¯^ v‡¯’¨i ¯^v‡_© AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ hyw³ m½Z evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ
kvwšÍc~Y© fv‡e I wbi¯¿ Ae¯’vq mg‡eZ nIqvi Ges Rbmfv I †kvfvhvÎvq †hvM`vb Kivi AwaKvi cÖ‡ Z¨K
bvMwi‡Ki _vK‡e| [Aby‡”Q`- 37]
12. msMV‡bi ¯^vaxbZv : Rbk„ •Ljv I ˆbwZKZvi ¯^ v‡_© AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ hyw³m½Z evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ
mwgwZ ev msN Kivi AwaKvi cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki _vK‡e| [Aby-38]
13. wPšÍv I we‡e‡Ki ¯^ vaxbZv Ges evK& ¯^vaxbZv : evsjv‡`k msweav‡b cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwiK‡K wPšÍ v I we‡e‡Ki
¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| iv‡óªi wbivcËv I Ab¨vb¨ AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ hy w³m½Z evavwb‡la
mv‡c‡ÿ cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki Ges msev`c‡Îi ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv`vb Kiv nq| [Aby‡”Q`- 39(1), 39 2K), 39
2L)]
14. †ckv ev e„wËi ¯^vaxbZv : AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ †Kvb †ckv ev e„wË MÖn‡Yi wKsev Kvievi
ev e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AvB‡bi Øviv †Kvb †hvM¨Zv wba© vwiZ n‡q _vK‡j Abyiƒc †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ cÖ‡ Z¨K
bvMwi‡Ki †h †Kvb AvBbm½Z †ckv ev e„wË MÖn‡Yi Ges †h †Kvb AvBbm½Z Kvievi ev e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi
AwaKvi _vK‡e| [Aby‡”Q`- 40]
15. ag©xq ¯^vaxbZv : AvBb, Rbk„•Ljv I ˆbwZKZvi mv‡c‡ÿ cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki †h †Kvb ag© Aej¤^b, cvjb ev
cÖPv‡ii AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K ag©xq m¤úª`vq I Dc-m¤úª`v‡qi wbR¯^ ag©xq cÖw Zôv‡bi ¯’vcb, iÿY I
e¨e¯’vcbvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| †Kvb wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b †hvM`vbKvix †Kvb e¨w³i wbR¯^ ag©-msµvšÍ bv n‡j Zuv‡K
†Kvb agx©q wkÿvMÖnY wKsev †Kvb ag©xq Abyô vb ev Dcvmvbvq AskMÖnY ev †hvM`vb Ki‡Z n‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`-
41(1), 41(2), 41(1K), 41(1L)
16. m¤úwËi AwaKvi : AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ cÖ‡ Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki m¤úwË AR©b, aviY, n¯ÍvšÍi
I Ab¨fv‡e wewj-e¨e¯’v Kivi AwaKvi _vK‡e Ges AvB‡bi KZ…©Z¡ e¨ZxZ †Kvb m¤úwË eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e MÖnY,
ivóªvqË ev `Lj Kiv hv‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 42(1)
17. M„n I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi iÿY : iv‡óªi wbivcËv, Rbk„•Ljv, Rbmvavi‡Yi ˆbwZKZv ev Rb¯^ v‡¯’¨i ¯^ v‡_© AvB‡bi Øviv
Av‡ivwcZ hy³m½Z evavwb‡la mv‡c‡ÿ cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki cÖ‡ek, Zjø vkx I AvUK n‡Z ¯^ xq M„‡n wbivcËv

BDwbU GK c„ôv 126

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

jv‡fi AwaKvi _vK‡e Ges wPwVc‡Îi I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡qi †MvcbxqZviÿvi AwaKvi _vK‡e|
[Aby‡”Q` 43, 43(K), 43(L)]
18. †gŠwjK AwaKvi ejerKiY : evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Z… Zxq fv‡M cÖ`Ë AwaKvimg~n ejer Kivi Rb¨
msweav‡bi 102 Aby‡”Q‡`i (1) `dv Abyhvqx nvB‡KvU© wefv‡Mi wbKU gvgjv iæRy Kivi AwaKv‡ii wbðqZv
`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| [Aby‡”Q`- 44(1)]
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, evsjv‡`k msweav‡b †h mKj †gŠwjK AwaKvi mwbœ‡ewkZ i‡q‡Q Zv bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ Kj¨vbKvgx
Ges hy‡Mvc‡hvMx| msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKvi msµvšÍ welqvewji †ÿ‡Î `vqgyw³i weavb Ges KwZcq AvB‡bi
†ndvR‡Zi K_v I mwbœ‡ewkZ i‡q‡Q|

evsjv‡`k msweav‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~‡ni GKwU ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z

wkÿv_©xi KvR Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc
†gŠwjK AwaKvi n‡jv Ggb wKQz AwaKvi hv †Kv‡bv †`‡ki msweav‡b mwbœ ‡ewkZ K‡i Zv ev¯Í evq‡bi
e¨vcv‡i mvsweavwbK wbðqZv †`Iqv nq| MYZvwš¿ K miKvi Zvi kvmbZvwš¿ K DrKl© weKv‡ki Rb¨ †gŠwjK
AwaKvi‡K AZ¨šÍ ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ ev¯Í evq‡bi †Póv K‡i| e¯‘ Z eZ© gvb AvaywbK we‡k¦ kvmK †kÖwYi mdjZv
wbY©‡qi Ab¨Zg gvcKvwV n‡jv Zviv RbMY‡K †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii wbðqZv KZUz Kz w`‡Z †c‡i‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.4
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi †Kvb fv‡M †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n mwbœ‡ewkZ?
(K) 1g fvM (L) 2q fvM
(M) 3q fvM (N) 4_© fvM
2| ÔAvB‡bi `„wó‡Z mgZvÕ msweav‡b KZ bv¤^ vi Aby‡”Q‡` i‡q‡Q?
(K) 24 bs (L) 25 bs
(M) 26 bs (N) 27 bs
3| †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
i. bvMwiK Rxe‡bi weKvk I e¨vwßi R‡b¨ Acwinvh© kZ©
ii. msweavb n‡Z cÖvß
iii. Av`vjZ KZ…© K ejer‡hvM¨ bq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii
(M) i I iii (N) i, ii, I iii

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

cvV-4.5 msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxmg~n

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxmg~n m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã msweavb ms‡kvab, Riæwi Ae¯’v, mvgwiK, kvmK I MYZš¿, ZË¡veavqK miKvi
e¨e¯’v|

mg‡qi Pvwn`v I cÖ‡qvR‡b RbM‡Yi Kj¨vYv‡_© msweav‡bi ms‡kvab, cwieZ©b, ms‡hvRb I we‡qvRb Kiv
n‡q _v‡K| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi `kg fv‡M 142 bs Aby‡”Q‡` G msµvšÍ mywbw`©ó wbqg I c×wZi K_v
D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| Z‡e evsjv‡`‡k A‰eafv‡e ÿgZv `LjKvix †cÖ wm‡W›Uiv wb‡R‡`i ¯^ v‡_©i msweavb ms‡kvab
K‡i‡Qb| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb G ch©šÍ Ryj vB 2017 16 evi ms‡kvwaZ n‡q‡Q| wb‡¤œ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi
ms‡kvabxmg~n ms‡ÿ‡c D‡jøL Kiv nj-

1. cÖ_g ms‡kvabx : cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg n‡”Q msweavb [cÖ_g ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1973| wejwU msm‡` cvk
nq 15 RyjvB, 1973| cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi g~j welqe¯‘ wQj ÔMYnZ¨v, gvbeZvi weiæ‡× Aciva ev hy× vciva Ges
AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡b Ab¨vb¨ AcivaÕ Gi wePvi I kvw¯Í Aby‡gv`b|
2. wØZxq ms‡kvabx : wØZxq ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [wØZxq ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1973| msm‡` we‡ji cv‡ki
ZvwiL 22 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1973| wØZxq ms‡kvabxi Øviv Riæwi Ae¯’vKvjxb mg‡q bvMwiK‡`I KwZcq †gŠwjK
AwaKvi ¯’wMZ Kiv nq|
3. Z…Zxq ms‡kvabx : Z…Zxq ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [Z…Zxq ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1974| msm‡` cv‡ki ZvwiL
28 b‡f¤^i, 1974| Z…Zxq ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi g‡a¨ wQUgnj wewbgq I mxgvšÍ
†iLv msµvšÍ GKwU Pzw³ Kvh©Ki Kiv|
4. PZz_© ms‡kvabx : PZz_© ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [PZz_© ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1975| msm‡`i cv‡ki ZvwiL
25 Rvbyqvwi, 1975| PZz_© ms‡kvabxi Øviv msm`xq kvmb c×wZi cwie‡Z© ivóªcwZkvwmZ kvmb c×wZ Ges
eû`jxq ivRbxwZ cwie‡Z© GK`jxq ivRbxwZ cÖeZ©b Kiv nq|
5. cÂg ms‡kvabx : cÂg ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [cÂg ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1979| wejwU msm‡` cv‡ki
ZvwiL 6 GwcÖj, 1979| cÂg ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj 15 AvM÷, 1975 mv‡j mvgwiK Afz¨Ìv‡bi gva¨‡g
RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K mcwiev‡i nZ¨v †_‡K ïiæ K‡i 5 GwcÖj, 1979 mvj ch©šÍ mvgwiK
miKv‡ii hveZxq Kg© Kv‡Ûi ˆeaZv `vb|
6. lô ms‡kvabx : lô ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg wQj msweavb [lô ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1981| wejwU msm‡` cvk nq 8
RyjvB, 1981| lô ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj Dc-ivóªcwZi c‡` †_‡K ivóªcwZ c‡` wbe© vP‡bi weavb wbwðZ
Kiv|
7. mßg ms‡kvabx : mßg ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg n‡”Q msweavb [mßg ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1986| wejwU msm‡` cvk
nq 11 b‡f¤^i, 1986| mßg ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ 24 gvP©, 1982 †_‡K 11 b‡f¤^i, 1986 ch©šÍ mvgwiK
kvm‡Ki Aax‡b †h mKj Av‡`k Rvwi nq Zv ˆeaZv `vb|
8. Aóg ms‡kvabx : Aóg ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg wQj msweavb [ Avóg ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1988| wejwU msm‡` cvk
nq 7 Ryb, 1988| Aóg ms‡kvabxi g~j welqe¯‘ Bmjvg‡K ivóªag© †NvlYv| GQvov XvKvi Bs‡iwR evbvb
Dacca †_‡K Dhaka Ges Bengali Gi bvg Bangla Kiv nq|

BDwbU GK c„ôv 128

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

9. beg ms‡kvabx : beg ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg wQj msweavb [ beg ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1989| GB ms‡kvabx‡Z
ivóªcwZ c‡`I †gqv` GK e¨w³i Rb¨ m‡ev©”P cici `yB †gqv` wba© viY Kiv nq| GQvovI cÖ‡qvRb n‡j
RvZxq msm‡`i Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡ÿ Dcivóª cwZ wb‡qv‡Mi weavb Kiv nq|
10. `kg ms‡kvabx: `kg ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [ `kg ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1990| wejwU msm‡` cvk nq 12
Ryb, 1990| `kg ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj- msm‡` bvix‡`i Rb¨ cieZ© x 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ 30wU Avmb msiÿY
Kiv|
11. GKv`k ms‡kvabx : GKv`k ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [GKv`k ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1991| wejwU msm‡`
cvk nq 6 AvM÷, 1991| GKv`k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj A¯’vqx ivóªcwZ cÖa vb wePvicwZ kvnveyÏxb
Avng‡`i c~e©e Zx© c‡` wd‡i hvevi weavb|
12. Øv`k ms‡kvabx: Øv`k ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [Øv`k ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1991| wejwU msm‡` cvk nq 6
AvM÷, 1991| Øv`k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ ivóªcwZ kvwmZ kvmb e¨e¯’vi cwie‡Z© msm`xq kvmb e¨e¯’vi
cyb:cÖeZ©b|
13. ·qv`k ms‡kvabx: ·qv`k ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [·qv`k ms‡kvab] AvBb, 1996| msm‡` wejwU
cvk nq 27 gvP©, 1996| ·qv`k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj Aeva, myôz I wbi‡cÿ wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ ZË¡veavqK
miKvi e¨e¯’v cÖeZ©b|
14. PZz`©k ms‡kvabx: G ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg [PZz`©k ms‡kvab] AvBb, 2004| wejwU msm‡` cvk nq 16 †g,
2004| PZz`©k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj cieZ© x 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ 45wU bvix Avmb msiÿY| GQvovI GB
ms‡kvabx‡Z ivóªcwZ I cÖavbgš¿xi cÖwZK…wZ miKvwi Awdmmg~nmn Ab¨vb¨ wba©vwiZ cÖwZôv‡b msiÿY I
cÖ`k©‡bi weavb Kiv nq|
15. cÂ`k ms‡kvabx: cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg wQj msweavb [cÂ`k ms‡kvab] AvBb, 2011| wejwU msm‡`
cvk nq 30 Ryb, 2011| cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj ZË¡veavqK miKvi e¨e¯’v evwZj|
16. †lvok ms‡kvabx : †lvok ms‡kvabxi wk‡ivbvg msweavb [†lvok ms‡kvab] AvBb, 2014| wejwU mvsm‡` cvk
nq 17 †m‡Þ¤^i, 2014| †lvok ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wQj wePvicwZ‡`i Awfksmb ev Acmvi‡Yi ÿgZv
RvZxq msm‡`i nv‡Z wdwi‡q †`qv|
evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb RvZxq Ges RbM‡Yi ¯^ v‡_© GLb ch©šÍ 16 evi ms‡kvwaZ n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ GKvwaK
ms‡kvabx n‡q‡Q A‰ea ÿgZv `Lj`vi‡`i Avg‡j| fwel¨‡Z nq‡Zv msweav‡bi Av‡iv ms‡kvabx n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e
Zv Aek¨B MYZvwš¿K g~j¨‡eva m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e|

wkÿv_©xi KvR evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxi GKwU ZvwjKv cÖ¯ÍZ Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc
evsjv‡`k msweavb GLb ch©šÍ MYZvwš¿ K miKvi I A‰ea ÿgZv `Lj`vi‡`i Øviv 16 evi ms‡kvwaZ
n‡q‡Q| RvZxq cÖ ‡qvR‡b msweavb ms‡kvabx GKwU ¯^ vfvweKZv| wKš‘ GB cwieZ©b †Kvbfv‡eB ÿgZv
`L‡ji ‰eaZv `vb wKsev †Kvb `‡ji ÿgZv Kz ÿxMZ Ki‡Yi ¯^v‡_© n‡e bv|

BDwbU GK c„ôv 129

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.5
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| evsjv‡`k msweavb G ch©šÍ KZ evi ms‡kvab Kiv n‡q‡Q?
(K) 14 (L) 15
(M) 16 (N) 17
2| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi cÖ_g ms‡kvabx K‡e M„n xZ nq?
(K) 1972 mvj (L) 1973 mvj
(M) 1974 mvj (N) 1974 mvj
3| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Øv`k ms‡kvabxi welqe¯‘ wK wQj?
(K) msm`xq miKvi e¨e¯’ v cy b:cÖeZ©b (L) ZË¡veavqK miKvi
(M) ivóªag© Bmjvg (N) eû`jxq MYZš¿
4| cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi g~j ˆewkó¨ nj-
(K) ivóªcwZ kvwmZ miKvi e¨e¯’v cÖe Z©b (L) ivóªxq g~jbxwZ cwieZ©b
(M) msm`xq miKvi e¨e¯’v cyb:cÖe Z©b (N) ZË¡veavqK miKvi e¨e¯’v wejywßKiY

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV-4.6 evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
 evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

gyL¨ kã msweavb ms‡kvab, `y ®úwieZ©b xq msweavb, RvZxq msm`, ivóª cwZi m¤§wZ, msm` KZ…©K
MÖnY|

mg‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b †h †Kvb †`‡ki msweav‡bi cwieZ©b I ms‡kvab Avek¨K n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvB cÖvq
cÖ‡Z¨K †`‡kB msweavb ms‡kvabxi weavb _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bI G ai‡Yi e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q|
wewfbœ mg‡q ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’ vi †cÖÿvc‡U evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Ghver 16 evi ms‡kvab n‡q‡Q| KvVv‡gvMZfv‡e
evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb `y®úweZ©bxq msweav‡bi AšÍf³©~ | G msweavb ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl GK c×wZ AbymiY
Ki‡Z nq| msweavb ms‡kvabxi Rb¨ AšÍZ `yB Z…Zxqvsk msm` m`‡m¨i m¤§wZ cÖ‡qvRb nq| msweav‡bi `kg
fv‡M 142 bs Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q, RvZxq msm` AvBb Øviv msweav‡bi †Kvb weavb ms‡kvab ev iwnZ Kivi
ÿgZv iv‡L| Z‡e G Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ kZ©¸‡jv †g‡b Pj‡Z nq|

1. wk‡ivbvg/welq wba©viY : ms‡kvabxi Rb¨ AvbxZ †Kvb we‡ji wk‡ivbv‡g, GB msweav‡bi †Kvb weavb ms‡kvab
Kiv n‡e Zv ®úóiƒ‡c D‡jøL bv _vK‡j wejwU we‡ePbvi Rb¨ MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 142(K)]
2. msm` KZ…© K MÖnY : msm‡`i †gvU m`m¨ msL¨vi b~¨bZg `yB-Z…Zxqvsk †fv‡U M„n xZ bv n‡j Abyiƒc †Kvb we‡j
m¤§wZ`v‡bi Rb¨ Zv ivóªcwZi wbKU Dc¯’ vwcZ n‡e bv| [Aby‡”Q`- 142(L)]
3. Dc‡iv³ wbq‡g †Kvb wej M„nxZ nevi ci m¤§wZi Rb¨ ivóªcwZi wbKU Dc¯’ vwcZ n‡j, Dc¯’ vc‡bi mvZ w`‡bi
g‡a¨ wZwb wejwU‡K m¤§wZ`vb Ki‡eb, Ges wZwb m¤§wZ`v‡b Amg_© n‡j D³ †gqv‡`i Aemv‡b wZwb wejwU‡Z
m¤§wZ`vb K‡i‡Qb e‡j MY¨ n‡e| [Aby: 142(M)]

wkÿv_©xi KvR evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ D‡jøL Kiæb|

mvims‡ÿc
cwieZ©bkxj cwiw¯’wZi †cÖ ÿvc‡U msweav‡bi ms‡kvab A‡bK mgq Awbevh© n‡q `uvovq| ZvB msweavb
cÖ Yq‡bi mgqB we‡k¦i AwaKvsk ivóª Zv ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ wba©viY K‡i †`q| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bI Gi
e¨Zq N‡Uwb| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab GKwU RwUj cÖwµqv|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-4.6
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b
1| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi KZ bs Aby‡”Q‡` msweavb-ms‡kvab c×wZ D‡jøL i‡q‡Q?
K) 137 L) 129
M) 57 N) 142

BDwbU GK c„ôv 131

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

2| KvVv‡gvMZfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †Kvb cÖ K…wZi?

K) mycwieZ©b xq L) AwjwLZ
M) `y®úwieZ©b xq N) †KvbwU bq
3| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †gvU KZevi ms‡kvwaZ n‡q‡Q?
K) 15 L) 16
M) 14 N) 12
4| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq msm‡`i b~ b¨Zg KZ m`‡m¨i mg_©b cÖ‡qvRb nq?
K) GK-Z… Zxqvsk L) `yB-Z…Zxqvsk
M) GK-PZz_© vsk N) GK-cÂgvsk

BDwbU GK c„ôv 132

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

K. eûwbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| mKj ag©vej¤^ x‡`i mggh©v`v I mgAwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi K_v †Kv_vq ejv n‡q‡Q?
(K) Qq `dv (L) msweavb
(M) mvgwiK digvb (N) ‡Mvcb bw_
2| RvZxq msm‡`i msiwÿZ bvix Avmb msL¨v 30 †_‡K e„w× K‡i 50 Kiv n‡q‡Q †Kvb ms‡kvabx‡Z?
(K) PZz_© ms‡kvabx (L) Øv`k ms‡kvabx
(M) PZz`©k ms‡kvabx (N) ‡lvok ms‡kvabx
wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b-
†cŠibxwZ I mykvmb K¬ v‡m gywbiv Rvnvb g¨vWvg ej‡jb, AvaywbK ivóª e¨e¯’ vi MVb KvVv‡gv I Kg© cwimi RwUj I
e¨vcK| G Kvi‡Y ivóª cwiPvjbvi `wjj I bxwZ¸‡jv my®úó I wjwLZ nIqv Avek¨K| GKRb wkÿv_©x `u vwo‡q
ejj, g¨vWvg evsjv‡`‡k wK Gi iKg wjwLZ my®úó bxwZ i‡q‡Q hv w`‡q ivóª cwiPvwjZ nq| g¨vWvg ej‡jb, nu¨v|
3| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb M„nxZ nq-
(K) MYcwil‡`i gva¨‡g (L) wWwµ Rvwii gva¨‡g
(M) cÖ_vi wfwˇZ (N) wbe©vnx Av‡`‡k
4| evsjv‡`k ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ nj-
i. MYZš¿
ii. evOvwj RvZxqZvev`
iii. ag©wbi‡cÿZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii (M) i I iii (N) i, ii, I iii
wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 bs I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b|
MxwZ ÔKÕ bvgK GKwU iv‡óªi bvMwiK| bvMwiK wn‡m‡e †m ivóª KZ…©K cÖ`Ë Lv`¨, e¯¿, evm¯’vb, wkÿv, wPwKrmvmn
bvbv cÖKvi my‡hvM-myweav †fvM K‡i| Avi G myweav¸‡jv Zv‡K e¨w³Z¡evb bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z mnvqZv
K‡i|
5| DÏxc‡K MxwZ ivóª KZ…© K †h my‡hvM-myweav †fvM K‡i Zv †Kvb AwaKv‡ii AšÍf‚©³?
(K) e¨w³MZ AwaKvi (L) †gŠwjK AwaKvi
(M) mvgvwRK AwaKvi (N) ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi
6| evK ¯^vaxbZv, mgv‡ek Kiv AwaKvi ÿzbœ Kiv hvq bv-
i. miKv‡ii B”Qv Qvov
ii. msweavb ms‡kvab Qvov
iii. Riæwi Ae¯’ v Rvwi Qvov
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii (M) i I iii (N) i, ii, I iii

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ

7| evsjv‡`k msweavb Abym v‡i ivóªcwZi AbygwZ Qvov MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv-
i. UvKv-cqmv
ii. mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv
iii. Dcvwa, f‚ lY ev m¤§vb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i (L) i I iii (M) iii (N) ii I iii
8| 1972 mv‡ji msweavb Abyhvqx ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ KqwU?
(K) 3 (L) 4
(M) 5 (N) 6

L. m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
1| msweavb iv‡óªi `k©b ¯^iƒc| Av`k© cwiw¯’w Z‡Z mgvR I iv‡óªi Pvwn`vi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L G‡Z ms‡kvabx
Avbqb Kiv nq| evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi GKwU ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g ivóªcwZi c`‡K wbqgZvwš¿K Kiv nq Ges Dc-
ivóªcwZi c` wejyß Kiv nq| G ms‡kvabx Abyh vqx cÖa vbgš¿x cÖK…Z wbe©vnx n‡q D‡Vb Ges AvBb wefv‡Mi wbKU
kvmb wefv‡Mi Revew`wnZv cÖwZwôZ nq|
K) msweav‡bi KZ bs Aby‡”Q‡` msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZi D‡jø L i‡q‡Q?
L) ag©wbi‡cÿZv ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
M) DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ms‡kvabxwU msweav‡bi KZZg ms‡kvabx Ges Zv †Kvb ai‡Yi kvmb e¨e¯’ v Pvjy K‡i?
e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
N) ÔÔØv`k ms‡kvabxwU evsjv‡`‡ki miKvi I kvmb e¨e¯’vq Avg~j cwieZ©b mvab K‡i‡QÕÕ- gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY
Kiæb|

2| Avwmd I Avwgi `yB wfbœ †`‡ki bvMwiK|PvKzwii Kvi‡Y Zviv KvbvWvq evm K‡i| Avwid Avwg‡ii †`‡ki
msweavb cvV K‡i Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h Avwg‡ii †`‡ki msweavb GKwU wjwLZ `wjj| D³ msweav‡b AvBbmfvi
mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ¯^xKvi K‡i kvmb wefvM‡K AvBbmfvi wbKU Revew`wn Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avwg‡ii †`‡ki
msweav‡b RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii K_v D‡jøL Kiv nq bvB|
K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` KqwU?
L) †gŠwjK AwaKvi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
M) Avwg‡ii †`‡ki msweav‡bi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi ˆewk‡ó¨i †h wgj cvIqv hvq Zv e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
N) evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †Kvb A‡_© Avwg‡ii †`‡ki msweavb †_‡K AwaK MÖnY‡hvM¨? we‡kølY Kiæb|

3| GKwU ivóª cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb †gŠwjK `wjj| ÔKÕ ivóªwU ¯^vaxb nIqvi GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ D³ `wjjwU
iPbv K‡i| `wjjwU‡Z ivóª cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡ c~Y© mKj welqvw` D‡jøL Av‡Q| ivóªwUi †gŠwjK `wjjwU RvZxq
cÖ‡qvR‡b K‡qKevi ms‡kvab Kiv n‡q‡Q|
K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb KZ Zvwi‡L Kvh©Ki nq?
L) evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi †h †Kvb GKwU g~jbxwZ e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
M) DÏxc‡K ÔKÕ ivóª ej‡Z †Kvb iv‡óªi Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q? D³ ivóªw Ui †gŠwjK `wj‡ji `ywU ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v
Kiæb|
N) DÏxc‡K D³ ivóªw Ui †gŠwjK `wjj ms‡kva‡bi †hŠw³KZv we‡kølY Kiæb|

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

DËigvjv :
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.1 t 1| K 2| N 3| K
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.2 t 1| L 2| K 3| M 4| N 5| K
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.3 t 2| L 3| K
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.4 t 1| M 1| N 3| K 4| N
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.5 t 1| M 2| L 3| K 4| N
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 4.6 t 1| N 2| M 3| L 4| L

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb t 1| L 2| M 3| K 4| N 5| L 6| L 7| M

BDwbU GK c„ôv 135