NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

BASIC ELECTRONICS

Lab Report 9
Fiza Khurram
F-67055
Mohammad Huzaifa Jameel
F-67039
Mohammad Arbaz Khan
F-67013
Labeeq Amjad
F-67051
Abdul Rehman Bin Imran
F-67022

CS-34A

Department of Computer Science

NUML, Rawalpindi
 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

BASIC ELECTRONICS
LAB # 09
LAB TITLE
To Construct A Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
Circuit And To Check And Measure The Input And Outputs Wave Forms On Oscilloscope

1. To understand Full Wave Bridge Rectifier.

Lab Objective
2. Calculation of Voltage p-p, T of Input & Output waveform
1. Build Circuit Simulation on Proteous Software
Lab Experiment 2. Calculate of Voltages & Time period of waverform (Input &
Output waveform)
1. Low-voltage AC power supply
2. Bridge 2W04G
3. Resistance 180Ω
4. Oscilloscope
Equipment 5. Transformer 2p3s
The diode need not be an exact model 1N4001. Any of the "1N400X"
series of rectifying diodes are suitable for the task

THEORY:
A basic full-wave bridge rectifier is illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Basic Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

A full wave bridge rectifier has one advantage over the conventional full-wave rectifier: the amplitude of
the output signal. The frequency of the positive pulses will be the same in either rectifier. When the
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

output signal is taken from a bridge rectifier, it is taken across the entire potential of the transformer; thus,
the output signal will be twice the amplitude of a conventional full-wave rectifier. For the first half cycle
of a bridge rectifier, refer to Figure 2.

Figure 2 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier (First Half-Wave Cycle Operation

During the first half cycle of the input signal, a positive potential is felt at Point A and a negative potential
is felt at Point B. Under this condition, a positive potential is felt on the anode of D 2 and on the cathode of
D1. D2 will be forward-biased, while D1 will be reverse-biased. Also, a negative potential will be placed
on the cathode of D3 and the anode of D4. D3 will be forward-biased, while D 4 will be reverse biased.
With D3 and D2 forward-biased, a path for current flow has been developed. The current will flow from
the lower side of the transformer to Point D. D 3 is forward-biased, so current will flow through D 3 to
Point E, from Point E to the bottom of the load resistor, and up to Point F. R3 is forward biased, so
current will flow through D2, to Point C, and to Point A. The difference of potential across the secondary
of the transformer causes the current to flow. Diodes D 3 and D2 are forward-biased, so very little
resistance is offered to the current flow by these components. Also, the resistance of the transformer is
very small, so approximately all the applied potential will be developed across the load resistor. If the
potential from Point A to Point B of the transformer is 24 volts, the output developed across the load
resistor will be a positive pulse approximately 24 volts in amplitude.
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

Figure 3. Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier (Second Cycle Operation)

When the next alternation of the input is felt (Figure 3), the potential across the transformer reverses
polarity. Now, a negative potential is felt at Point A and a positive potential is felt at Point B. With a
negative felt at Point C, D1 will have a negative on the cathode and D 2 will have a negative on the anode.
A positive at Point D will be felt on the anode of D 4 and the cathode of D3. D1 and D4 will be forward-
biased and will create a path for current flow. D 3 and D2 will be reverse-biased, so no current will flow.
The path for current flow is from Point A to
Point C, through D1 to Point E, to the lower side of the load resistor, through the load resistor to Point
F, through D4 to Point D, and to the lower side of T1. Current flows because of the full potential being
present across the entire transformer; therefore, the current through the load resistor will develop the
complete voltage potential. The frequency of the output pulses will be twice that of the input pulses
because both cycles of the input AC voltage are being used to produce an output.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

Figure

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the diodes to the low-voltage AC power supply as shown in a figure.

2. Connect CH1 of Oscilloscope to Input and CH2 to Output/Load Resistance of a circuit.
3. Switch on the oscilloscope and the sinusoidal supply.
4. Sketch the input waveform
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

5. Measure and record time T , peak voltage Vp and peak to peak voltage Vpp of Input supply

T= _________7.75ms______ Vp: ___100____________ Vpp _____200__________

6. With the oscilloscope DC. Coupled adjust the time-base and the Y amplifier sensitivity.
7. Sketch the output waveform and label it to show the periods when the diode D1 and D4 are
conducting and when the diode D2 and D3 are conducting those. Time T depends upon the
frequency of your power supply.
8. Sketch the output waveform during positive Half Cycle
9. Sketch the output waveform during negative Half Cycle
9.Sketch the output waveform
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

OUTPUT WAVEFORM

11. Measure and record time T and peak voltage Vp of an output supply.

T= ______24.50ms_________ Vp: ______29.00V_________

12. Compare Input and output voltages