Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF MASBATE PROVINCE

School-Home Interactive Engagement

for Learners’ Development
(SHIELD II)

8-Week Academic Reinforcement/ Enrichment Program

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 1

 Individual Learning
Activity Package
(ILAP) no. _6_

Learner’s Information

Name of Learner:

Grade level:

Name of Teacher:

Mathematics 8
Learning Area:

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 2

 Learning Competency: Illustrate the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates.

Learning Objective:

At the end of the activity, the student becomes able to:

1. State and illustrate the SAS, ASA, and SSS Congruence Postulates.

Pretest: Multiple Choice

Direction: Shade the letter that correspond your answer.

1) What additional information is required that two triangles are congruent by SAS Congruence
Postulate?

o A) ∠ EGF ≅ ∠QFG
o B) ∠ EFG ≅ ∠QFG
o C) ∠ EFG ≅ ∠ FQG
o D∠ EGF ≅ ∠QFG

2) If the pictured triangles are congruent, what reason can be given?

o A) SSS (Side – Side – Side) Postulate

o B) SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Postulate
o C) ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Postulate
o D) The triangles are not necessarily congruent.

3) Which triangles are congruent by ASA Congruence Postulate?

o A) ∆ TVU and ∆ HGF

o B) ∆ VTU and ∆ HGF
o C) ∆ ABC and ∆ VTU
o D) ∆ ABC and ∆ HGF

4) A pair of congruent triangles are shown at the right, as marked. Which statement must be
true?

o A) ∠ AZB ≅ ∠ ZCB
o B) ∠ ZAB ≅ ∠ CBZ
o C) AB ≅ BZ
o D) ZA ≅ CB

5) In ∆ JAN, what side is included between ∠ J and ∠ A?

o A) JN
o B) NA

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 3

 o C) JA
o D) NJ

6) In ∆ DAB, what is the opposite angle of AB?

o A) ∠ B
o B) ∠ A
o C) ∠ D
o D) ∠ A and ∠ B

7) It is the side common to two angles of a triangle.

o A) Included Angle
o B) Opposite Angle
o C) Included Side
o D) Opposite Side

8) If corresponding parts are marked, how can you proved ∆ SAR≅ ∆ SAT?

o A) SSS (Side – Side – Side) Postulate

o B) SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Postulate
o C) ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Postulate
o D) The triangles are not necessarily congruent.

9) Name the corresponding congruent parts as marked that will make each pair of triangles
congruent by SAS Congruent Postulate?

o A) AB ≅ ED, ∠ A ≅ ∠ D, AC ≅ EF

o B) AB ≅ EF, ∠ A ≅ ∠ E, AC ≅ ED

o C) AB ≅ EF, ∠ B ≅ ∠ E, AC ≅ EF

o D) AB ≅ ED, ∠ A ≅ ∠ E, AC ≅ EF

10) You are tasked to make a design of the flooring of a chapel using triangles. The available
materials are square tiles. How are you going to make the design?

o A) Applying triangle congruence by ASA

o B) Applying triangle congruence by SAS
o C) Applying triangle congruence by SSS
o D) Applying triangle congruence by AAS

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 4

 Let’s Ponder!

From the previous lesson, you can already define what congruent triangles are. In order to
say that two triangles are congruent, we must show that all six pairs of corresponding parts of the
two triangles are congruent.

Is it possible to show that two triangles are congruent without showing that all
six pairs of corresponding parts are congruent?

Well, based on the definition of congruent triangles, it would be very difficult to prove that
two triangles are congruent. We would need to prove that the three corresponding sides and three
corresponding angles are congruent. Fortunately, we have postulates to simplify the proving of
congruency of two triangles.

Before we study the postulates that give some ways to show that the two triangles are
congruent given less number of corresponding congruent parts, let us first identify the parts of a
triangle in terms of relative position.

 Included angle – is the angle between two sides of a triangle.

 Included side – is the side common to two angles of a triangle.

Example:
∠ J is an included angle between JA and JN.

∠ A is an included angle between AN and AJ.

∠ N is an included angle between NJ and NA.

JA is an included side between ∠ J and ∠ A.

AN is an included side between ∠ A and ∠ N.

JN is an included side between ∠ J and ∠ N.

The next terms will also be useful:

 The Opposite side of an angle of a triangle is the side that does not contain the vertex of an
angle.

 The Opposite angle of a side of a triangle is the angle whose vertex is not one of the
endpoints of the side.

Example:
JA is the opposite side of ∠ N.

AN is the opposite side of ∠ J.

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 5

 JN is the opposite side of ∠ A.

∠ J is the opposite angle of AN.

∠ A is the opposite angle of JN.

∠ N is the opposite angle of JA.

Now, let us see how we can verify if two triangles are congruent using fewer pairs of
congruent corresponding parts.

 SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Congruence Postulate

If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding sides and included angle of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.

In symbols:
If AB ≅ RS, ∠ A ≅ ∠ R, and AC ≅ RT, then ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ RST.

Example:

Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Solution:
There are two pairs of congruent sides: NO ≅ YZ and MO ≅ XZ.
There is one pair of congruent angles: ∠ O ≅ ∠ Z, which is included between the
sides.
Therefore, ∆ MNO ≅ ∆ XYZ by SAS Congruence Postulate.

Your Turn

Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Write your answer here:

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 6

 Activities:

Activity 1.0 (Check Your Understanding)

Direction: Use the given information to determine whether the two triangles are congruent
by SAS. Write YES or NO on the provided space for your answer.

1) ∠ A ≅ ∠ D, AB ≅ DE, BC ≅ EF ____________

2) EF ≅ CA, BC ≅ ED, ∠ C ≅ ∠ E ____________

3) BC ≅ DF, BA ≅ EF, ∠ B ≅ ∠ F ____________

4) AB ≅ DF, CA ≅ DE, ∠ C ≅ ∠ F ____________

5) Draw and label a triangle in which ∠X is the included angle of YX and XZ.

Activity 2.0 (Carry On)

Direction: Determine whether each pair of triangles is congruent. If so, write a congruence
statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. Write your answer on the provided space.

1) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

2) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

3) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 7

 4) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

5) __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

 ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Congruence Postulate

If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding angles and include side of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.

In symbols:
If ∠ A ≅ ∠ R , AB ≅ RS, and ∠ A ≅ ∠ R, then ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ RST.

Example:
Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Solution:
There are two pairs of congruent angles: ∠ R ≅ ∠ K and ∠ Q ≅ ∠ L.
There is one pair of congruent sides: RQ ≅ KL, which is included between the angles.
Therefore, ∆ PRQ ≅ ∆ JKL by ASA Congruence Postulate.

Your Turn

Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Write your answer here:

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 8

 Activity

Activity 3.0 (MISSing You, ASA Pa More)

Direction: State what additional information is required in order to know that the triangles
are congruent by ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Congruence Postulate.

1) __________________

2) __________________

3) __________________

4) __________________

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 9

 5) ___________________

 SSS (Side – Side – Side) Congruence Postulate

If three sides of one triangle are congruent to three corresponding sides

of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.

In symbols:
If AB ≅ RS, BC ≅ ST and CA ≅ TR, then ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ RST.

Example:
Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Solution:
There are three pairs of congruent sides: PQ ≅ ML, PR ≅ MN and QR ≅ LN.
Therefore, ∆ PQR ≅ ∆ MLN by SSS Congruence Postulate.

Your Turn

Determine whether the triangles shown below are congruent. If so, write a
congruence statement and explain why the triangles are congruent. If not, explain why not.

Write your answer here:

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 10

 Activities:

Activity 4.0 (By My Side)

Direction: State what additional information is required in order to know that the triangles
are congruent by SSS (Side – Side – Side) Congruence Postulate.

1) __________________

2) __________________

3) __________________

4) __________________

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 11

 5) ___________________

Activity 5.0 (You Decide)

Direction: State whether each pair of triangles is congruent by SAS, ASA, SSS. Write the
answer of your choice on the provided space.

1)

_______________

2)

_______________

3)

_______________

4) _______________

5)

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 12

 ________________

Post Test: (inside sealed envelope)

Post Test: Multiple Choice

Direction: Shade the letter that correspond your answer.

1) John knows that in ∆BUR and ∆JAN, BU ≅ JA, UR ≅ AN, and BR≅ JN. Which congruence
postulate can he use to prove the triangles congruent?

o A) SSS (Side – Side – Side) Postulate

o B) SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Postulate
o C) ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Postulate
o D) The triangles are not necessarily congruent.

2) Anthony knows that LM ≅ HG and LK ≅ HI. What other information must he know to prove
∆LMK ≅ ∆HGI by SAS postulate?

o A) ∠ L ≅ ∠ G
o B) ∠ M ≅ ∠ I
o C) ∠ K ≅ ∠ H
o D) ∠ L ≅ ∠ H

3) Which pair of triangles is congruent by ASA postulate?

o A) C)

o B) D)

4) If the pictured triangles are congruent, what reason can be given?

o A) SSS (Side – Side – Side) Postulate

o B) SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Postulate
o C) ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Postulate
o D) The triangles are not necessarily congruent.

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 13

 5) What additional information is required in order to know that the triangles are congruent by
SSS Postulate?

o A) EG ≅ WX
o B) EG ≅ YX
o C) EF ≅ YW
o D) EG ≅ YW

6) In ∆ SAM , what angle is included between SA and AM?

o A)∠ S
o B) ∠ A
o C) ∠ M
o D) ∠ S and ∠ M

7) If corresponding parts are marked, how can you proved ∆ FDE≅ ∆ JGH?

o A) SSS (Side – Side – Side) Postulate

o B) SAS (Side – Angle – Side) Postulate
o C) ASA (Angle – Side – Angle) Postulate
o D) The triangles are not necessarily congruent.

8) What postulate can help you conclude that ∆ STU≅ ∆ SRU?

o A) ASA Postulate
o B) SAS Postulate
o C) SSS Postulate
o D) AAS Postulate

9) What additional information is required in order to know that the triangles are congruent by
ASA Postulate?

o A) KL ≅UT
o B) ML ≅ SU
o C) KM ≅ ST
o D) KL ≅TU

10) Name the corresponding congruent parts as marked that will make each pair of triangles
congruent by SSS Congruent Postulate?

o A) AC ≅ EO, CR ≅ GE, AR ≅ GO

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 14

 o B) AC ≅ GE, CR ≅ EO, AR ≅ GO

o C) AC ≅ EO, CR ≅ GO, AR ≅ GE

o D) AC ≅ GE, CR ≅ GO, AR ≅ EO

Answer Key:

Activity Activity
Pre – Test Activity 1.0 Activity 2.0 Activity 3.0 Post Test
4.0 5.0

1. AC ≅ EF, 1.KM≅ MK 1. XV≅ KI

∠C ≅ ∠F,
1.B 1.YES CB ≅ FD, 1.SSS 1.A
by SAS
Postulate
2.A 2.∠I≅ ∠Q 2. XD≅ ZY 2.AS3.A 2.D
2. DC ≅ GF, 3.UT≅ FE 3. RI≅ XZ
∠D ≅ ∠G,
3.B 2.NO DE ≅ GH, 3.SAS 3.C
by SAS
Postulate
4.D 4.∠D≅ ∠O 4.GE≅ WY 4.ASA 4.C
3. AJ ≅ BJ, 5. MK≅ GI
∠A ≅ ∠B,
5.C 3.NO AN ≅ BN, 5.∠URB≅ ∠SRN 5.SSS 5.D
by SAS
Postulate

6.C 6.B
4. AX ≅ PT,
∠A ≅ ∠P,
7.C 4.NO AN ≅ PV, 7.B
by SAS
Postulate

8. B 8. C
5. 5. AB ≅ CB,
∠ABS ≅ ∠
CBN,
9.D 9.A
SB ≅ NB,
by SAS
Postulate
10. C 10. D

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 15

REFERENCES AND WEBSITE LINKS USED IN THIS LESSON:

REFERENCES

Emmanuel P. Abuzo, Merden L. Bryant, Jem Boy B. Cabrella, Belen P. Caldez, Melvin M. Callanta,
Anastacia Proserfina I. Castro, Alicia R. Halabaso, Sonia P. Javier, Roger T. Nocom, and Concepcion
S. Ternida (2013). Mathematics – Grade 8 Learner’s Module First Edition. pp. 344 – 357. Book
Media Press, Inc.

WEBSITE LINKS:

http://www.nlpanthers.org
This site provides notes, pictures, examples and exercises about Triangle Congruence.
http://cdn. kutasoftware.com
This site provides worksheets for students to answer.

WRITER: JANICE T. DADULA│REVIEWED BY: JOYCE A. BOGAVIL 16