‫‪3‬ﻡ ‐ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺳﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪3‬ﻡ ‐ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺳﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ Ê‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪ Ê‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫‪ a‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻭ ‪ n‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ a‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻭ ‪ n‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﻡ‪.‬‬
‫⋆ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a 6= 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ .a0 = 1‬ﻣﺜ ًﻼ ‪.(−12)0 = 1‬‬ ‫⋆ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a 6= 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ .a0 = 1‬ﻣﺜ ًﻼ ‪.(−12)0 = 1‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪ a‬ﺃﻱ ‪an = a| × a ×{z· · · × a} :‬‬‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺀ ‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫⋆ ‪ a1 = a‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ‪ an‬ﱢ‬ ‫ﻼ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪ a‬ﺃﻱ ‪an = a| × a ×{z· · · × a} :‬‬‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺀ ‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫⋆ ‪ a1 = a‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ‪ an‬ﱢ‬
‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ًﻼ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﺩ ‪ . a‬ﻧﻘﺮﺃ ‪ُ a» :‬ﺃ ّﺱ ‪. «n‬‬ ‫ﻭ ُﺗﺴﻤّﻰ ّ‬ ‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ًﻼ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﺩ ‪ . a‬ﻧﻘﺮﺃ ‪ُ a» :‬ﺃ ّﺱ ‪. «n‬‬ ‫ﻭ ُﺗﺴﻤّﻰ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ُ a‬ﻳﺴﻤّﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ُ n‬ﻳﺴﻤّﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ُ a‬ﻳﺴﻤّﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ُ n‬ﻳﺴﻤّﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪ a−n = n‬ﻭ ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪) a−1 = :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻠﻮﺏ(‪.‬‬ ‫⋆ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a 6= 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫= ‪ a−n = n‬ﻭ ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪) a−1 = :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻠﻮﺏ(‪.‬‬ ‫⋆ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a 6= 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫}‪a| × a ×{z· · · × a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫}‪a| × a ×{z· · · × a‬‬
‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ًﻼ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣ ًﻼ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫• ‪) 0n = 0‬ﻣﻊ ‪ (n 6= 0‬؛ ‪ 1n = 1‬؛ ‪ُ a2‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ »‪ a‬ﻣﺮ ّﺑﻊ« ﻭ ‪ُ a3‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ »‪ a‬ﻣﻜ ّﻌﺐ« ‪.‬‬ ‫• ‪) 0n = 0‬ﻣﻊ ‪ (n 6= 0‬؛ ‪ 1n = 1‬؛ ‪ُ a2‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ »‪ a‬ﻣﺮ ّﺑﻊ« ﻭ ‪ُ a3‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ »‪ a‬ﻣﻜ ّﻌﺐ« ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪:‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ ﻓﺈﻥّ ‪ an‬ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪ (2, 5)17 :‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻷﻥّ ‪ 2, 5‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ ﻓﺈﻥّ ‪ an‬ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪ (2, 5)17 :‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻷﻥّ ‪ 2, 5‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‪.‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﺈﻥّ ‪ an‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﺯﻭﺟﻴﺎ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪n‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﺈﻥّ ‪ an‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﺯﻭﺟﻴﺎ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪n‬‬
‫⋆ ‪ (−3)11‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻷﻥّ )‪ (−3‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺱ ‪ 11‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪:‬‬ ‫⋆ ‪ (−3)11‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻷﻥّ )‪ (−3‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺱ ‪ 11‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪:‬‬
‫⋆ ‪ (−7, 1)28‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻷﻥّ )‪ (−7, 1‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺱ ‪ 28‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺯﻭﺟﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫⋆ ‪ (−7, 1)28‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻷﻥّ )‪ (−7, 1‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺱ ‪ 28‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺯﻭﺟﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪ (−1)n = 1 :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﺯﻭﺟﻴﺎ ﻭ ‪ (−1)n = −1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪ (−1)n = 1 :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﺯﻭﺟﻴﺎ ﻭ ‪ (−1)n = −1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ n‬ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫• ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺴﺔ ‪ y‬ﺃﻭ ∧ ‪.‬‬ ‫• ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺴﺔ ‪ y‬ﺃﻭ ∧ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪53 6= 5 × 3‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪5 × 3 = 15‬‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 53 = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125‬ﻭ‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪53 6= 5 × 3‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪5 × 3 = 15‬‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 53 = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125‬ﻭ‬ ‫"‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺎﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺜ ًﻼ ‪:‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺎﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺜ ًﻼ ‪:‬‬ ‫"‬

‫ﺃﻱ ‪.−42 6= (−4)2‬‬ ‫‪−42 = −(4 × 4) = −16‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(−4)2 = (−4) × (−4) = 16‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪.−42 6= (−4)2‬‬ ‫‪−42 = −(4 × 4) = −16‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(−4)2 = (−4) × (−4) = 16‬‬
‫‪3 × 72 = 3 × (7 × 7) = 3 × 49 = 147‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(3 × 7)2 = 212 = 21 × 21 = 441‬‬ ‫‪3 × 72 = 3 × (7 × 7) = 3 × 49 = 147‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(3 × 7)2 = 212 = 21 × 21 = 441‬‬
‫‪.3 × 72 6= (3 × 7)2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪.3 × 72 6= (3 × 7)2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫‪5 + 32 = 5 + (3 × 3) = 5 + 9 = 14‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(5 + 3)2 = 82 = 8 × 8 = 64‬‬ ‫‪5 + 32 = 5 + (3 × 3) = 5 + 9 = 14‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫⋆ ‪(5 + 3)2 = 82 = 8 × 8 = 64‬‬
‫‪.5 + 32 6= (5 + 3)2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪.5 + 32 6= (5 + 3)2‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫‪(− ،‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫÷‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ )× ‪،‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪(− ،‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫÷‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ )× ‪،‬‬ ‫"‬

‫‪tinyurl.com/AbdelhakF‬‬ ‫‪tinyurl.com/Malki1718‬‬ ‫‪tinyurl.com/AbdelhakF‬‬ ‫‪tinyurl.com/Malki1718‬‬

 ‫‪3‬ﻡ ‐ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺳﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪3‬ﻡ ‐ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺳﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ Ë‬ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ‬ ‫‪ Ë‬ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ‬
‫‪ a‬ﻭ ‪ b‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺎﻥ‪ n ،‬ﻭ ‪ m‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ a‬ﻭ ‪ b‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺎﻥ‪ n ،‬ﻭ ‪ m‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪an ³ a ´n‬‬ ‫‪¡ n ¢m‬‬ ‫‪an‬‬ ‫‪an ³ a ´n‬‬ ‫‪¡ n ¢m‬‬ ‫‪an‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪an × bn = (a × b)n‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪= an×m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪= an−m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪an × am = an+m‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪an × bn = (a × b)n‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪= an×m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪= an−m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪an × am = an+m‬‬
‫‪bn‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪bn‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪m‬‬

‫¡‬ ‫‪¢11‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫‪¢11‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪C = 103‬‬ ‫‪= 103×11 = 1033‬‬ ‫‪C = 103‬‬ ‫‪= 103×11 = 1033‬‬
‫‪A = 95 × 93 × 9−6 = 95+3+(−6) = 92‬‬ ‫‪A = 95 × 93 × 9−6 = 95+3+(−6) = 92‬‬
‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−3‬‬
‫‪D=2‬‬ ‫‪×5‬‬
‫‪= (2 × 5) = 10‬‬ ‫‪D=2‬‬ ‫‪×5‬‬
‫‪= (2 × 5) = 10‬‬
‫‪µ‬‬ ‫¶‬ ‫‪212‬‬ ‫‪µ‬‬ ‫¶‬ ‫‪212‬‬
‫‪(−39)7‬‬ ‫‪−39 7‬‬ ‫‪B = −5 = 212−(−5) = 212+5 = 217‬‬ ‫‪(−39)7‬‬ ‫‪−39 7‬‬ ‫=‪B‬‬ ‫‪= 212−(−5) = 212+5 = 217‬‬
‫=‪E‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= (−13)7‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫=‪E‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= (−13)7‬‬ ‫‪2−5‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫" ‪ .(a + b)n 6= an + bn‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 22 + 32 = 4 + 9 = 13 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪.(2 + 3)2 = 52 = 25‬‬ ‫" ‪ .(a + b)n 6= an + bn‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 22 + 32 = 4 + 9 = 13 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪.(2 + 3)2 = 52 = 25‬‬
‫" ‪ .(a − b)n 6= an − bn‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 22 − 32 = 4 − 9 = −5 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪.(2 − 3)2 = (−1)2 = 1‬‬ ‫" ‪ .(a − b)n 6= an − bn‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 22 − 32 = 4 − 9 = −5 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪.(2 − 3)2 = (−1)2 = 1‬‬
‫‪¡ ¢‬‬ ‫‪¡ ¢‬‬ ‫‪¡ ¢‬‬ ‫‪¡ ¢‬‬
‫" ‪ .a(mn ) 6= (am )n‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 2 32 = 29 = 512 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪. 23 2 = 82 = 64‬‬ ‫" ‪ .a(mn ) 6= (am )n‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ 2 32 = 29 = 512 :‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪. 23 2 = 82 = 64‬‬
‫‪ Ì‬ﻗﻮﻯ ‪ 10‬ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪ Ì‬ﻗﻮﻯ ‪ 10‬ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ n‬ﻭ ‪ m‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ n‬ﻭ ‪ m‬ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(n Ê 0‬‬ ‫‪10n = 10‬‬
‫‪| × 10{z‬‬
‫‪× · · · × 10} = 100‬‬
‫‪| {z‬‬‫}‪· · · 0‬‬ ‫)‪(n Ê 0‬‬ ‫‪10n = 10‬‬
‫‪| × 10{z‬‬
‫‪× · · · × 10} = 100‬‬
‫‪| {z‬‬‫}‪· · · 0‬‬
‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣﻼ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣﻼ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫= ‪10−n‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0, 0 · · · 0 1 = 0, 0‬‬
‫} ‪| {z‬‬ ‫‪| · {z‬‬
‫}‪· · 01‬‬ ‫= ‪10−n‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0, 0 · · · 0 1 = 0, 0‬‬
‫} ‪| {z‬‬ ‫‪| · {z‬‬
‫}‪· · 01‬‬
‫‪10n 10‬‬
‫|‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫×‬
‫‪{z‬‬ ‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫}‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫·‬
‫} ‪| {z‬‬‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10n 10‬‬
‫|‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫×‬
‫‪{z‬‬ ‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫}‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫·‬
‫} ‪| {z‬‬‫·‬ ‫·‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺭﻗﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺭﻗﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪n‬‬
‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣﻼ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪ n‬ﻋﺎﻣﻼ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫‪10n‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫‪¢m‬‬ ‫‪10n‬‬ ‫¡‬ ‫‪¢m‬‬

‫‪10n × 10m = 10n+m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪= 10n−m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪10n‬‬ ‫‪= 10n×m‬‬ ‫‪10n × 10m = 10n+m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪= 10n−m‬‬ ‫؛‬ ‫‪10n‬‬ ‫‪= 10n×m‬‬
‫‪10m‬‬ ‫‪10m‬‬
‫‪ Í‬ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻗﻮﻯ‬ ‫‪ Í‬ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻗﻮﻯ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻗﻮﻯ‪ُ ،‬ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﻗﻮﺍﺱ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻯ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻗﻮﻯ‪ُ ،‬ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﻗﻮﺍﺱ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻯ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ )ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ( ﺛﻢ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ )ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ )ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ( ﺛﻢ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ )ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫‪³‬‬ ‫‪´2‬‬ ‫‪³‬‬ ‫‪´2‬‬
‫‪A = 3 × 6 − 2 = 3 × 42 = 3 × 16 = 48‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪A = 3 × 6 − 2 = 3 × 42 = 3 × 16 = 48‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪62 + 2‬‬ ‫‪36 + 2 38 38÷2 19‬‬ ‫‪62 + 2‬‬ ‫‪36 + 2 38 38÷2 19‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‪B‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8÷2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8÷2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬