KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESTRESSED CONCRETE: MODULE 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED BEAMS PERMISSIBLE STRESSES IN CONCRETE IN

USING ELASTIC STRESSES PRESTRESSED FLEXURAL MEMBERS
Condition Class U Class T Class C
TERMINILOGIES AND NOTATIONS: fci or extreme fiber stress in
INITIAL STAGE: compression immediately 0.6fci 0.6fci 0.6fci
fci₋ allowable compressive stress immediately after after transfer
prestress transfer fti or extreme fiber stress in
fti ₋ allowable tensile stress immediately after prestress tension immediately after 0.25√f𝑐𝑖 0.25√f𝑐𝑖 0.25√f𝑐𝑖
transfer transfer
fti or extreme fiber stress in
FINAL STAGE: tension immediately after
fcs₋ allowable compressive stress after all prestress transfer at the end of a 0.5√f𝑐′ 0.5√f𝑐′ 0.5√f𝑐′
losses simply supported member
fts₋ allowable tensile stress after all prestress losses fcs or extreme fiber stress
AT CRITICAL SECTIONS in compression due to 0.45fc’ 0.45fc’ -
prestress and total load
FOR BEAMS WITH VARIABLE ECCENTRICITY
fcs or extreme fiber stress
1. Initial stage at midspan
in compression due to
2. Final stage at midspan 0. 60fc’ 0. 60fc’ -
stress in compression due
FOR BEAMS WITH CONSTANT ECCENTRICITY to prestress + total load
1. Initial stage at support fts or extreme fiber stress in
0.62√f𝑐′
2. Final stage at midspan tension in precompressed
0.62√f𝑐′ to 1.0√f𝑐′
tensile zone under service
FOR BEAMS WITH DEFLECTED TENDON loads 1.0√f𝑐′
1. Initial stage at hold down points fci or extreme fiber stress in
2. Final stage at midspan compression of ends of 0. 70fc’ 0. 70fc’ 0. 70fc’
DESIGN: simply supported members
A. FOR BEAMS WITH VARIABLE ECCENTRICITY
 Required Section Moduli SAMPLE PROBLEM:
(𝟏 − 𝐑)𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳 A post tensioned prestressed concrete beam is to carry an
𝐒𝒕 ≥ intermittent liveload of 14. KN/m and super imposed
𝐑𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒔
deadload of 7.3 KN/m, in addition to its own weight, on
(𝟏 − 𝐑)𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳 a .2 m simple span. Normal density concrete will be used
𝐒𝒃 ≥ with design strength fc’=41 Mpa. It is estimated that, at
𝐟𝒕𝒔 − 𝐑𝐟𝒄𝒊
 Centroidal stress fcci the time of transfer, the concrete will have attained 70%
of fc’ or 28.7 Mpa. Time dependent losses may be
𝐂𝒕 assumed to be 15% of the initial prestress, giving an
𝐟𝐜𝐜𝒊 = 𝐟𝒕𝒊 − (𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒊)
𝐡 effective ratio of 0.85. Determine the required concrete
 Initial Prestress force, Pi dimensions, magnitude of prestress force and variable
eccentricity of steel centroid based on NSCP stress
𝑷𝒊 = 𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 𝐀𝒄
limitations for claa U beams. Moment at midspan due to
 Eccentricity, e
𝐒𝒕 𝐌𝐨 beam weigth is taken as 20% of Wdl and Wll. (note: Wo
𝒆 = (𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒊) + =15-25% of (Wdl +Wll)
𝐏𝒊 𝐏𝒊

B. FOR BEAMS WITH CONSTANT ECCENTRICITY

 Required Section Moduli
𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳
𝐒𝒕 ≥
𝐑𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒔
𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳
𝐒𝒃 ≥
𝐟𝒕𝒔 − 𝐑𝐟𝒄𝒊
 Centroidal stress fcci
𝐂𝒕
𝐟𝐜𝐜𝒊 = 𝐟𝒕𝒊 − (𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒊)
𝐡
 Initial Prestress force, Pi
𝑷𝒊 = 𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 𝐀𝒄
 Eccentricity, e
𝐒𝒕 bw = 0. 5b
𝒆 = (𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒊) hf = 0.25b
𝐏𝒊 h = 2b
B. FOR BEAMS WITH DEFLECTED TENDON SOLUTION
 Required Section Moduli (a) Solve dimension of beam:
(𝟏 − 𝐑)(𝐌𝐨′ ) + (𝐌𝒐 − 𝐌𝐨′ ) + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳  Variable eccentricity
𝐒𝒕 ≥
𝐑𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒔 (𝟏 − 𝐑)𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳
𝐒𝒕 ≥
𝐑𝐟𝒕𝒊 − 𝐟𝒄𝒔
(𝟏 − 𝐑)(𝐌𝐨′ ) + (𝐌𝒐 − 𝐌𝐨′ ) + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳
𝐒𝒃 ≥ (𝟏 − 𝐑)𝐌𝒐 + 𝐌𝑫 + 𝐌𝑳
𝐟𝒕𝒔 − 𝐑𝐟𝒄𝒊 𝐒𝒃 ≥
**** for other terminologies and notation refer to NSCP 𝐟𝒕𝒔 − 𝐑𝐟𝒄𝒊

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KALINGA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESTRESSED CONCRETE: MODULE 3

 Class U concrete: (carry sign) (- comp: + tensile) PERMISSIBLE STRESS IN PRESTRESSING

 fci = 0.6fci = 0.6(28.7) =17.22 Mpa
 fti = 0.25√f𝑐𝑖 = 0.25√28.7 =1.34 Mpa
 fcs = 0. 60fc’ = 0. 60(41) = 24. 6 Mpa
 fts = 0.62√f𝑐′ = 0.62√41 = 3.97 Mpa
 R = 0.85 (given)
 Wo = 20% (Wdl +Wll)
Wo = 0.20 (14. 6 +7.3)
Wo = 4.38 Mpa
 Mo = 1/8 (4.38) (12.2)2 = 81.49 KNm
 MD = 1/8 (7.3) (12.2)2 = 135.82 KNm
 ML = 1/8 (14. 6) (12.2)2 = 271.63 KNm
 Required Section Moduli
[(1 − 0.85)(81.49) + 135.82 + 271.63]10⁶Nm
𝐒𝒕 =
0.85(1.34) − (−24. 6)N/mm
𝐒𝐭 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟑𝟎𝟑 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦³
TENDON
Tensile stress in prestressing tendon shall not exceed
the following:
1. Due to the prestressing tenson jacking force:
0.94fpy but not greather than 0.80 fpu or the
maximum value recommended by manufacturer of
prestressing tendon and anchorage devices.
2. Immediately after prestress transfer: 0.82 fpy but
not greather than 0.74 fpu
Post tensioning tendons at anchorage devices and
couplers, immediately after force transfer: 0.70 fpu
From problem 1: Continue to determine the required
area and number of strands of grouted post tension
with fpu=1860 Mpa.
Continuation:
Permissible Pi = 0.70fpu = 0.7(1860) = 1302 Mpa

[(1 − 0.85)(81.49) + 135.82 + 271.63]10⁶Nm Number of strand: using 13mm

𝐒𝒃 = ***Note: Refer to NSCP for the Aps/strand of tendons
3.97 − 0.85(−17.22)N/mm
*** for 13mm: Aps/strand = 98.7 mm: for 15mm:
𝐒𝐛 = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟓𝟓 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦³ Aps/strand = 140 mm
Govern higher value: use Sb as required section As required 1067.2 mm²
modulus 𝐧= = = 10.81~11 strands
Aps/strand 98.7
Section Modulus = 𝐈/𝐜
bh³ (0.5b)(0.5)h³ 5 Pi 𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟗. 𝟓 𝐗𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝐍
𝐈= − = bh³ As required = =
fpi allow N
12 12 64 1302
mm2
h As required = 1067.2 mm²
𝐜=
2
𝐈 5 h 5 *** note see NSCP for minimum and maximum strands
= bh3 ∗ = b(2b)2
𝐜 64 2 32 required
20 3 For 13mm strand 5(min) – 12(max)
equate = b = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟓𝟓 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦³
32 For 15mm strand 6(min) – 12(max)
𝐛 = 330 mm ~ 350 mm
𝐡 = 2( 350 mm) = 700 mm EXERCISE:
𝐛𝐰 = 0.5(350 mm) = 175 mm (A) Continue solving Problem 1 for its eccentricity
𝐡𝐟 = 0.25(700 mm) = 175 mm
1
(B) If the eccentricity is at midspan, calculate its ultimate
 Actual Wo = 23.6 KN/m3 [(350*700) ₋ (175*350)]10⁶ moment. **use code equation to determine fps. Given:
Actual Wo =4.34 kN/m3 refer to the previous problems.
 Mo = 1/8 (4.34) (12.2)2 = 80.7 KNm

 Required Section Moduli

[(1 − 0.85)(80.7) + 135.82 + 271.63]10⁶Nm
𝐒𝒃 =
3.97 − 0.85(−17.22)N/mm
𝐒𝐛 = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟓𝟓 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦³

 Actual Section modulus of trial section

350(700)3 175(400)3 1
𝐒𝐛 actual = [ − ]
12 12 350
𝐒𝐛 = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟖𝟎 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦𝟑 > 𝟐𝟐. 𝟓𝟓 𝐗 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐦𝐦³
Section is OK!
Centroidal Stress, fcci
Ct
𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 = fti − (fti − fci)
h
350
𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 = 1.34 − [1.34 − (−17.22)]
700
𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 = −𝟕. 𝟗𝟒 𝐌𝐩𝐚
Initial Prestressing Force, Pi
𝑷𝒊 = 𝐟𝒄𝒄𝒊 𝐀𝒄
𝑷𝒊 = −7.94 [350(700) − 175(400)]
𝑷𝒊 = −𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟗. 𝟓 𝐗𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝐍

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