SCHOOL OF SPATIAL PLANNING AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

BSC RDP

COURSE NAME; RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

NAME; KIONDO CHARLES E
REGISTRATION NO. 21988/ T.2018

CONTRIBUTION OF HOUSING COOPERATIVES TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION.

RESEARCH TITLE
Contribution of housing cooperatives to poverty alleviation.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Human being has mainly three basic needs, which are food, cloth and shelter. Shelter as one
of the basic need for any human being it also called housing a place where someone live. It
includes house structure and utilities, which are services of it. Growth of the city lead to high
demand of house mainly for low and medium income population category. Many developing
countries suffer from informal settlements where there are poor housing conditions and
people live there are low income earners (poor).
The Tanzania National Poverty Eradication Strategy of 1998 define one of the indicator of
poverty is poor quality housing. Both rural and urban population of Tanzania there are many
houses with poor conditions these indicates poverty among the people (URT,1988). Many of
the houses in rural areas are built of mud and wooden poles with poor sanitation systems
while many of the urban houses are built of cement, bricks and sand but are unfinished due to
informal housing finance. Many of the cities in Tanzania such as Dar-Es-Salaam, Arusha,
Mbeya, Mwanza and Tanga exists with squatter areas for which houses are of poor
conditions.
In 2002 housing settlements in Dar-Es-Salaam was occupied by seventy percent of total
population in the Dar-Es-Salaam city while, in other towns such as Arusha and Mwanza there
about sixty percent of the total population (The World Bank AF TU 1&2, 2002). By 2010
many of housing units built in the cities and towns in Tanzania, between sixty and seventy
percent were lived in informal settlements. In Dar-Es-Salaam about eighty percent of its
population were lived in informal settlement (PMO-RALG, 2011 and UN-Habitat, 2010).
Housing sector in Tanzania facing many challenges, which are poor housing conditions, poor
infrastructure and inadequate housing for low income. Poverty as the main cause for housing
sector problem that cause informal housing finance and finally lead to underdevelopment of
housing sector.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Different stakeholders from both government, public and private sectors cut across initiatives
to address those challenges in Tanzania. Housing cooperatives are one of the actors that plays
a role on housing improvement and transformation for poverty alleviation. Although there are
different measures undertaken such as housing development on informal settlements in Dar-
Es-Salaam but the contribution of the housing cooperatives is less written. Therefore, this
study eager to extract the contribution of housing cooperatives on poverty alleviation in urban
areas.
OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to explore the contribution of housing cooperatives to poverty alleviation

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
I. Study aim to extract the contribution of housing cooperatives on poverty alleviation.
II. Identify the existing housing cooperatives and their contribution on poverty
alleviation in urban areas.
III. Identify actors collaborate with housing cooperatives on poverty alleviation.
IV. Identify challenges and opportunities faced by housing cooperatives on poverty
alleviation in urban areas.
V. To recommend on ways to be taken into account by those housing cooperatives on
solving the challenges.
 RESEARCH QUESTION
Aim of having research questions were to make sure accomplishment of the objectives
through asking questions;

I. What are the roles of housing cooperatives on poverty alleviation?

II. What and where are the existing housing cooperatives and their contribution on
poverty alleviation in urban areas?
VI. Which actors collaborate with housing cooperatives on poverty alleviation?
III. What are the challenges and opportunities faced by housing cooperatives on poverty
alleviation in urban areas?
VII. How to facilitate housing cooperatives on solving the housing challenges?
VIII. To what extent were housing cooperatives contribute to poverty alleviation in urban
areas.?

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
I. Can housing cooperatives contribute to poverty alleviation in urban areas?
II. Is there existing relationship between housing improvement and poverty alleviation?