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 mZx_© cÖwk¶Yv_x© cÖ`Ë gšÍe¨

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Zvi GKwU eY©bv wbgœiƒƒc:
wk¶v_x©‡`i gZvgZ msMÖ‡ni †¶‡Î GKwU cÖ¯ÍvweZ †KŠkj:
 cÖwk¶Yv_x© wk¶K TP1 mgqKv‡j cÖ‡Z¨K wk¶v_x©‡K GK UzK‡iv KvMR †`‡eb Ges
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G‡K ejv nq, “Minute Paper” “Concept Map”| GiKg Avi GKwU †KŠkj
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cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi 4wU †KŠkj e¨envi K‡i wKQy KvR Kiyb Avcbviv wb‡R evwo‡Z Avcbviv
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184
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Awa‡ek‡b m‡½ K‡i wb‡q hv‡eb Ges mZx_©‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Avcbvi cÖ¯‘ZK…Z
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KvR Kiv nq| g~jZ ch©‡e¶‡Ki gZvgZ MÖnY, mZx_© cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i gZvgZ MÖnY Ges
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G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GKRb cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶K‡K wewfbœ ch©v‡q `xN©w`b a‡i wewfbœ †KŠk‡ji
Abykxjb Ki‡Z nq|

cvV`vb Abykxjb ch©v‡jvPbv Kv‡R †hgb ch©‡e¶K cÖ`Ë gZvgZ g~j¨evb †Zgwb g~j¨evb
mZx_©‡`i gZvgZ, †kªwYi wk¶v_©xi g~j¨vqb Ges GB ZvwjKvq wb‡Ri ˆ`bw›`b WvqixwUI
mshy³|

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186
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BDwbU- 4 Awa‡ekb- 2

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D‡Ïk¨
GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l Avcwb
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cvi‡eb|
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 cvV`vb Abykxjb ch©v‡jvPbvi mgm¨v I m¤¢ve¨ mdjZv kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

ce©- K: cÖ_g Awa‡ek‡b cÖ`Ë wba©vwiZ KvR m¤úbœ Kiv

cÖwk¶Yv_©xe„›`, Avcbv‡`i cÖ_g Awa‡ek‡b wKQy KvR Ki‡Z ejv n‡qwQj †h¸‡jv
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w`b †hfv‡e ÔÔcvV †NvlYvÕÕ K‡i‡Qb Zvi ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨ wj‡L eY©bv Kiyb|

Avcwb wK wjL‡eb?
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187
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ce©- L: AvZ¥-g~j¨vqb Kv‡R Av`k© wk¶K †hvM¨Zv ZvwjKvi

cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I e¨envi

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Avnevb KiwQ|

ejyb †Zv AvZ¥-g~j¨vqb Kx?

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D‡`¨v‡M m¤úvw`Z †Kvb
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GKwU Kv‡Ri mej I
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cieZ©x c`‡¶c w¯’i ----------------------------------------------------
K‡ib ZLb Zv‡K ----------------------------------------------------
AvZ¥g~j¨vqb ejv nq|
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ce©- M: ch©v‡jvPbvi w`Kmg~n: mgm¨v I mdjZv

†h‡nZz Avcbviv cÖ_g gwW¨Dj Gi ci wba©vwiZ we`¨vj‡q cvV`vb Abykxjb ïi“ K‡i‡Qb
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Gevi Avgiv †`wL ch©v‡jvPK mvaviYZ: wKfv‡e KvR Ki‡eb?

ch©v‡jvPK (wb‡R‡`i) c~e©cÖ¯‘ZK…Z g~j¨vqb/ch©v‡jvPbv QK mnKv‡i cÖwk¶Yv_x©-wk¶‡Ki

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Awa‡ekb- 1 Gi ZvwjKv 4-1 Abymv‡i ch©‡e¶K hw` cÖ_g K‡qKwU K¬v‡k cÖv_wgK
ch©v‡qi †KŠkjmg~‡ni (cÖ_g mvwi‡Z †h¸‡jv D‡jøL i‡q‡Q) cÖ‡qvM djvdj ch©‡e¶‡Yi
e¨vcv‡i g‡bv‡hvMx nb Zvn‡j wZwb Zv c~‡e©B cÖwk¶Yv_x©‡K AewnZ K‡i ivL‡eb|

ch©‡e¶K hLb †kªwYK‡¶ ch©‡e¶Y Kv‡R em‡eb ZLb wZwb Ges cÖwk¶Yv_x© wK ai‡bi
mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡ib Zv Gevi GK bR‡i †`Lv hvq:

188
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mgm¨vmg~n
 †h‡nZz GKRb AcwiwPZ eq¯‹ e¨w³ wcQ‡bi mvwi‡Z e‡m _vK‡Qb †m‡nZz cÖ_g
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†`‡e| G‡Z ¯^vfvweK wk¶Y-wkLb cÖwµqv e¨vnZ nq|
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 cvV¨ welqe¯‘ m¤ú‡K© hw` ch©‡e¶K I cÖwk¶Yv_x©i g‡a¨ c~e©vjvc bv n‡q _v‡K Z‡e
ch©‡e¶K cvV`v‡bi MwZ m¤ú‡K© nqZ mwVK aviYv ivL‡Z m¶g n‡eb bv|

ch©‡e¶K KZ©„K cvV`vb Abykxjb ch©‡e¶Y I ch©v‡jvPbvi wfwˇZ g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g †h

mg¯— mdjZv wPwýZ Kiv m¤¢e Zv wbgœiƒc:

Av`k© Ae¯’vq ch©‡e¶K Zuvi GjvKvi mKj cÖwk¶‡Ki mv‡_ wk¶K-cÖwk¶Y gnvwe`¨vj‡q
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c~iY Ki‡Qb †m m¤^‡Ü cÖwk¶K‡`i AewnZ Ki‡eb| Gi d‡j cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i cieZ©x
Abykxjbmg~n DbœZZi n‡e|

mdjZvmg~n
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mnR| hw`I D›gy³ gZvgZ (Involved Questionnaire) †jLvi my‡hvM _vK‡j
cwiw¯’wZmg~‡ni mwVK eY©bv †`qv m¤¢e nq, wKš‘ G ai‡bi Kv‡Ri AvZ¥-we‡k- lY Kiv
mgq mv‡c¶ e¨vcvi|
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189
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ce©- N: AvZ¥-g~j¨vqb Kv‡R e¨env‡ii Rb¨ wjKvU© †¯‹j cÖYqb

Avcwb cÖ_‡g wb‡Pi cvV¨vskwU co–b

wjKvU© †¯‹j
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QK- 2 G cvV`vb Abykxjb ce© Ges gvB‡µvwUwPs c‡e© e¨env‡ivc‡hvMx 7 c‡q‡Èi

GKwU bgybv wjKvU© †¯‹j Zz‡j aiv nj|
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cÖwk¶Yv_x©‡K 1 n‡Z 7 ch©šÍ †h †Kvb b¤^i cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

QK- 2: AvZ¥g~j¨vqb Kv‡R e¨env‡ivc‡hvMx wjKvU© †¯‹j

1. g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©‡Yi `¶Zv (cvV ïiy Kiv) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. e¨vL¨v, eY©bv, aviv eY©bv Ges wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
`¶Zv
3. cÖkœ Awf‡hvRb Kiv Ges wRÁvmv Kivi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
`¶Zv(Dc¯’vcb)
4. wk¶v_x©i †evaMg¨Zvi Amyweav kbv³Ki‡Yi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
`¶Zv (†kvbv)
5. wk¶v_x©i Dchy³ DËi Avnev‡bi `¶Zv 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(wk¶v_x©i eje„w×KiY I AskMÖnY)
6. ¯^inxb Awfe¨w³ e¨env‡ii `¶Zv, h_v- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
A½fw½ Ges gyLfw½ cÖKvk (wk¶‡Yi cÖvYeš—
cwi‡ek)
7. cvV-cwiKíbv I MV‡bi `¶Zv Ges †kªwYK‡¶ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Zvi mdj AbymiY (cvV cwiKíbv)

cÖwk¶‡Ki mnvqZvq cÖwk¶Yv_x©-wk¶K wn‡m‡e Avcwb cvV`vb Abykxjb Kv‡R e¨env‡ii

Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx wjKvU© †¯‹j ˆZwi Kiyb|

190
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cv‡ib|
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†KŠk‡ji Dc‡hvMx 5 ev 7 c‡q‡Èi `yB GKwU bgybv e³e¨ ˆZwi Kiyb|
Gev‡i Avcbvi Rb¨ GKwU KvR wPwýZ Kiv nj| GB KvRwU Avcwb ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii mv‡_
`jMZ KvR
wg‡j GKmv‡_ Ki‡eb| wUD‡Uvwiqvj †mk‡bi c~‡e© wUDUi‡K Aby‡iva Kiyb wZwb GB
KvRwUi †bZ…Z¡ ‡`‡eb|

ce©- O: ms‡kvwaZ/cwigvwR©Z wjKvU© †¯‹j cÖYqb [GB AskwU ÷vwW †m›Uv‡i

cwiPvwjZ n‡e]
cÖ‡Z¨K mvwi n‡Z GKRb cÖwk¶Yv_x©‡K ejyb Zvi cÖYqbK…Z †KŠkj/cÖkœ/gš—e¨ c‡o
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GB mg‡q cÖ‡Z¨K cÖwk¶Yv_©x cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a wb‡Ri cÖ¯‘ZK…Z QK ms‡kvab Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
 cvV`vb Abykxjb ch©v‡jvPbv I ch©‡e¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© wbR¯^ gZvgZ wjLyb
evoxi KvR Avcbvi evoxi LvZvq|
 GB cÖkœwUi GKwU wjwLZ DËi cÖ¯‘Z Kiyb evsjv‡`‡ki gva¨wgK we`¨vjqmg~‡ni
weivRgvb ev¯—eZvi cwi‡cªw¶‡Z AvZ¥-g~j¨vq‡bi cuvP c‡q‡Èi wjKvU© †¯‹‡j †Kvb
†Kvb ˆewkó¨ _vKv DwPZ?

cieZ©x wUD‡Uvwiqvj †mk‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZg~jK KvR

 cÖwk¶Yv_©xe„›`, Avcbviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K GKwU AvZ¥-g~j¨vqb I GKwU ch©‡e¶Y QK evwo
†_‡K cÖ¯‘Z K‡i cieZ©x wUD‡Uvwiqvj †mk‡b wb‡q hv‡eb|

cÖwk¶Yv_©xe„›`; BDwbU 1 Gi Z…Zxq Awa‡ek‡bi ce© K, L I M Avevi g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i

cvV Kiyb, †`L‡eb GB Awa‡ek‡bi wewfbœ Av‡jvwPZ e³e¨ eZ©gv‡b Awa‡ek‡bi KvR
Ki‡Z Avcbv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Q|

ce©- P: mZx_©‡`i cÖ`Ë wjKvU© †¯‹j ev ch©v‡jvP‡Ki QK n‡Z mvivsk

cÖ¯‘Z Kiv

`jMZfv‡e wUD‡Uvwiqvj Awa‡ek‡b K‡qKwU bgybv c~iYK…Z QK ˆZwi K‡i †m¸‡jv‡Z cª`Ë
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Kiyb|

191
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BDwbU- 4 Awa‡ekb- 3

cÖwk¶‡Ki mv‡_ cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i weeiYag©x e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi

f~wgKv
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 djveZ©b KvVv‡gvi e¨envi I †KŠkj cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
 wk¶‡Ki e¨w³MZ I †ckvMZ Dbœqb Zivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ c~e© wba©vwiZ j¶¨/D‡Ï‡k¨i
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gvb m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ †c‡Z n‡j wZb ai‡bi †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Kiv m¤¢e:
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wdWe¨vK ev djveZ©b Kx?

m¤¢ve¨ DËi :
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m¤úv`‡bi djvdj
m¤ú‡K© A‡b¨i gš—e¨ hv
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djveZ©b KvVv‡gv
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c`‡¶cmg~n
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Gevi cieZ©x c‡e© ÔÔRb †ni‡bi djveZ©b g‡WjÕÕ cvV¨vskwU co–b|

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Human Potential Research Project Gi cÖwZôvZv I
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Pacific Centre for Human Inquiry Gi cwiPvjK
wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Qb|
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ms‡kva‡bi my‡hvM jvf K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶KMY
cvV`v‡bi c~‡e©, cvV`v‡bi mgq Ges cvV`v‡bi ci
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2. wbe©vwPZ kZ©¸‡jv Aek¨B cvV`v‡bi we‡kl `¶Zv ev
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cvV`v‡bi mgq djveZ©b
1. cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶K wba©vwiZ cv‡Vi Ask we‡kl A_ev cy‡iv
cvV †kl Kivi g‡a¨ ch©‡e¶K Zvi cv‡Vi fyj-ÎywU¸‡jv
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w`K Ges mej w`K m¤ú‡K©I wZwb †bvU iv‡Lb|
cvV`v‡bi ci djveZ©b
1. cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶K Ges ch©‡e¶K GK‡Î e‡mb Ges wb‡Pi
µg Abyhvqx c~e© wba©vwiZ kZ© Abymv‡i ch©‡e¶K Zvi
djveZ©b †ck K‡ib| wZwb cv‡V †Kv_vq †Kv_vq fyj wQj
Zv cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i mvg‡b AwZ MVbg~jKfv‡e Zz‡j a‡ib|
2. GKB mg‡q cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶K Zvi wb‡Ri cÖ¯‘ZK…Z AvZ¥-
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Ges cÖwk¶Yv_©xi cv‡Vi †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Dbœqb Ki‡Z
n‡e Zv e‡j †`b|
cÖwk¶Yv_©x wk¶K †m Dc‡`k cieZ©x ch©v‡q cvj‡b m¤§Z
nb|

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ivL‡Z nq

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g‡bvfve mnKv‡i MÖnY K‡ib|

 cÖwk¶Yv_©xi `ye©jZv¸‡jvi Dci ¸iyZ¡ bv w`‡q Zvi mej w`K¸‡jv Dc¯’vcb K‡i Zvi
cÖksmv Kiv|
 `ye©j w`K¸‡jv Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í wbiyrmvwnZ Kiv|
 wk¶‡Ki gšÍe¨ n‡e mywbw`©ó, my¯úó I †evaMg¨|
 cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K Ggbfv‡e wdWe¨vK w`‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cÖwk¶Yv_©xi †cÖlYv, AvMÖn I
AvZ¥wek¦vm ev‡o Ges hvi d‡j fyj m¤ú‡K© Zvi Dcjwä R‡b¥ Ges †m Zv ïa‡i wb‡Z
cv‡i|
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 cÖwk¶‡Ki gš—e¨¸‡jv cÖwk¶Yv_©xi LvZvq ev DËic‡Î †jLv n‡j cÖwk¶Yv_©x mn‡RB
Zv †`L‡Z cv‡e Ges wkLb cÖwµqvq †m wb‡R‡K †mfv‡e cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
 mywbw`©ó †¶‡Î wdWe¨vK cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K c„_K c„_K fv‡e Zv‡`i
KvR wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges civgk© w`‡Z n‡e|
 KLbB Kg cvwi`wk©Zvi Rb¨ cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i e¨w³‡Z¡ AvNvZ w`‡q †Kvb gšÍe¨ Kiv hv‡e
bv|

196
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KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †R‡b wbb, GKRb cÖwk¶K‡K wdWe¨vK cÖ`vbKvix wn‡m‡e wKiƒc
†hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix n‡Z nq|

wdWe¨vK †`Iqvi Rb¨ cÖwk¶K‡K wbgœiƒc †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e

1. welqe¯‘ †hvM¨Zv
2. c×wZMZ †hvM¨Zv
3. †hvMv‡hvM `¶Zv
4. e¨e¯’vcbv †hvM¨Zv
5. g~j¨vqb †hvM¨Zv
6. mvgvwRK †hvM¨Zv
7. ˆbwZK †hvM¨Zv

 cÖwk¶K msw¶ß AvKv‡i cÖ¯‘ZK…Z IGBPwU (OHT) cÖ`k©bc~e©K e¨vL¨v K‡i eywS‡q
w`‡eb|
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GKRb cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K Gi MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv mK‡ji mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z
ej‡eb|
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 cÖwk¶K mKj cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K †Rvovq †Rvovq Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i wjwLZ cÖwZdjb Wvqixi
Dci MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbvi Abykxjb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwk¶K GB c‡e©i Dci mvi
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ce©- N: †bwZevPK djveZ©b Abykxjb I Zvi cÖfve MVbg~jK

mgv‡jvPbv
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K. mgv‡jvPbvi Rb¨ GKwU Kg©cÎ|
L. mgv‡jvwPZ e¨w³i cÖwZ mgv‡jvP‡Ki BwZevPK `„wófw½|
M. mgv‡jvwPZ e¨w³‡K mgv‡jvP‡Ki gšÍ‡e¨i Reve cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß mgq|
N. evowZ K_v ejv A_ev weiw³ cÖKvk K‡i mgv‡jvwPZ e¨w³i g‡b nZvkv ˆZwi bv Kiv|

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Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
L) djveZ©‡bi ïiy‡Z cÖwk¶Yv_©xi ÎywU-wePz¨wZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv ev djveZ©b †`qv
DwPZ bq| GwU cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwk¶Yv_©x hw` AvZ¥i¶vg~jK Ae¯’vb wb‡q _v‡K
Zvn‡j G c×wZ‡Z Zvi djveZ©b cÖ`v‡b AMÖmi nIqv KwVb n‡e| G‡¶‡Î
cÖksmvg~jK djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jI e¨w³ G¸‡jv‡K †bwZevPK djveZ©‡bi mv‡_
wgwk‡q †dj‡e Ges wb‡R‡K Acivax g‡b Ki‡e|
M) memgq `ye©j w`K¸‡jvi Rb¨ Drmvne¨ÄK A_P MVbg~jK civgk© cÖ`vb Kiv `iKvi|
A‡bK mgq †`Lv hv‡”Q †kªwYK‡¶I wk¶K wk¶v_©xi mej w`K¸‡jv abvZ¥Kfv‡e
cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|
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 wk¶v_©x‡K ev wk¶v_©xi cÖwZ wk¶‡Ki AvMÖnnxbZv|
 Awba©vwiZ I A¯úó djveZ©b|
 AwZwej‡¤^ Am¤ú~Y© djveZ©b|

Ges g‡b ivL‡eb †h wk¶v_©x †cÖlYvcÖvß nq hLb Zviv

 Zv‡`i Kv‡Q wk¶‡Ki wK cÖZ¨vkv Zv my¯úófv‡e eyS‡Z cv‡i|
 †kªwY/welq wk¶K Øviv ev¯Í‡e Ges fvj djvd‡ji w`‡K wb‡`©wkZ nq|
 Zv‡`i Kg© cÖ‡Póvi ¯^xK…wZ cvq|
 Ab¨‡`i Øviv wb‡Ri f~wgKvi/Kv‡Ri ¯^xK…wZ cvq|
 gy³fv‡e gZvgZ I †gav cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv cvq|
 Dbœq‡b mnvqK I m„Rbkxj nIqvi Rb¨ AbyK‚j cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¤§yLxb nq|

 cÖwk¶K c~e© †_‡KB GKRb cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K djveZ©‡bi †bwZevPK w`K¸‡jv †Mvc‡b

eywS‡q Zv f~wgKvwfb‡qi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z ivL‡eb| cÖwk¶K GLb wUwc- 1 PjvKvjxb
cÖ¯‘ZK…Z GKwU Wvqwi ev ÔcÖwZdjb mvgwqKxÕ GKRb cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K mK‡ji mvg‡b
Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Zvici evQvBK…Z wKQy cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡K Gi K‡qKwU welqe¯‘
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198
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Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| ˆ`ePqb ‡KŠk‡j c~‡e© evQvBK…Z `yÕwZb R‡bi cÖwZwµqv Rvbv †h‡Z
cv‡i|
 cÖwk¶K msw¶ß e³„Zvq Kg©cÎ-4 Gi mswkøó wel‡qi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i
†bwZevPK djveZ©‡bi cÖfve I cÖwZwµqvi dj e¨vL¨v K‡i eywS‡q ‡`‡eb Ges me‡k‡l
Rvbv‡eb †hb †bwZevPK djveZ©‡bI cÖwk¶Yv_©x MVbg~jK f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|

ce©- O: TP-2 Gi Rb¨ †ckvMZ `¶Zv Dbœq‡bi j¶¨, D‡Ïk¨

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205
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mRvM _vK‡Z n‡”Q| GRb¨ AvaywbK wk¶v g‡bvwe`MY ej‡Qb GKRb wk¶‡Ki AvZ¥-
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[cÖm½Z D‡j- L¨, †Kvwiqv Ges †b`vij¨vÛ Gi M‡elK, wk¶vwe`MYI M‡elYvi gva¨‡g
GKB ˆewkó¨mg~n‡K abvZ¥K e‡j kbv³ Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| m~Î: Self evaluation of
interpersonal behaviour and classroom interaction by teacher trainers, A.
Lourdusamy and SM Khine, National Institute of Education, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore]

206
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m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv (GB Av‡jvPbvwU `k wgwbU mg‡qi g‡a¨ Avcbviv
wUDU‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ Ki‡eb)

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cv‡i †m m¤ú‡K© wKQz Bw½Z wb‡P †`Iqv nj:
 Kg©kvjv Av‡qvRb K‡i Zvi Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g AwaK msL¨K cÖwk¶Yv_x© GKm‡½ wKQz
†KŠkj AvqË¡ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e Kg©kvjvi cwiKíbv myPvi“iƒ‡c Ki‡Z n‡e †hb Gi
D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—evwqZ nq| wk¶KZv †ckvq GKRb wk¶‡Ki †ckvMZ g‡bvfv‡ei
DrKl©Zvi Dci wbf©i K‡i Zuvi we`¨vj‡qi wk¶v_x©e„›` KZ mn‡R, mv_©KZvi mv‡_
GbwmwUwe KZ©„K cÖYxZ cvV¨m~wP‡Z wb‡`©wkZ welqe¯‘ AvZ¥xKiY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
 AvaywbK Kv‡j wk¶v_x©‡Kw›`ªK cvV`vb c×wZ Ges wk¶v_x©i mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g
cVb-cvVb c×wZi A‡bKvs‡k mvdj¨ wbf©i K‡i wk¶v_x©i AskMÖn‡Yi Dci Ges
wk¶K‡K Rvb‡Z nq wZwb wKfv‡e GB c×wZ‡Z †kªwYK‡¶i cvV mÂvjb Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

wUDU‡ii ZË¡veav‡b Avcbviv mK‡j Ò`jxq Kg©kvjv †KŠkjÓ cÖ‡qvM K‡i wb‡R‡`i
†ckvMZ g‡bvfv‡ei Dbœqb NUv‡Z cv‡ib| bgybv Abykxjb wn‡m‡e Avcbviv †m mgq †h
†Kvb GKwU abvZ¥K ˆewkó¨ †e‡Q †b‡eb| wZbwU `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨‡K GKwU K‡i ˆewkó¨ †e‡Q
†b‡eb|

ˆewk‡ó¨i Abykxjb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ we`¨vj‡qi †Kvb †kªwYi †Kvb wel‡qi †Kvb welqe¯‘/aviYv
Dchy³ n‡e Avcbviv wb‡Riv e¨w³MZfv‡e Zv wVK Ki‡eb|

cÖwk¶Yv_x©e„›`, ZvwjKvwU g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i j¶¨ Kiyb Ges G¸‡jvi ‡KvbwU‡K cwigvR©b
Kiv ev bZzb †Kvb g‡bvfve †hvM Kiv m¤¢e wKbv Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiyb|

207
 gva¨wgK wkÿK cÖwkÿY- weGW

QK 4- 4: we`¨vj‡qi †kªwYK‡¶ †ckvMZ g‡bvfve Dbœqb Kv‡R bgybv wjKvU© †¯‹j

1. Avwg cÖv_wgKfv‡e †kªwYK‡¶
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
bxieZv eRvq ivL‡Z AvMÖnx|
2. Avwg †Q‡j I †g‡q wk¶v_x©‡K
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
c„_Kfv‡e emv‡Z AvMÖnx|
3. Avwg †Q‡j wk¶v_x©i †P‡q †g‡q
wk¶v_x©‡K mnRZi cÖkœ Ki‡Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
PvB|
4. †kªwYi `yóz, kvšÍ, AvMÖnx,
Abvm³ wk¶v_x©‡K kbv³ Kiv 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Avgvi cÖ‡qvRb|
5. Avwg †kªwYK‡¶ k„•Ljv eRvq
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ivL‡Z e×cwiKi|
6. wk¶v_x©‡`i Av‡jvPbv Avgvi
cQ›` wKš‘ Avwg mg‡qi cÖwZ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
mRvM `„wó ivwL|

GB c‡e© Avcbviv e¨w³MZfv‡e ev ÷vwW †m›Uv‡i †K‡›`ª GK Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g `jMZfv‡e

ce©- M G kbv³K…Z ˆewkó¨wU Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ msw¶ß mg‡qi GKwU cvVUxKv ˆZwi
Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `j Gici g~j¨vqb QK ˆZwi K‡i mZx_© `‡ji g‡a¨ weZiY Ki‡eb Ges
mv‡_ mv‡_ gvB‡µvwUwPs †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g `‡ji †h †Kvb m`m¨ cvVwU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡eb|

Gi ciciB wUDU‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ `jxq Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g m¤¢ve¨ Av‡iv K‡qKwU †ckvMZ
g‡bvfve kbv³ Kivi KvR ïiy Ki‡eb| ce©-P G GB KvRwU †kl n‡e|

208
 Avek¨Kxq wk¶Y `¶Zvmg~n- 1

g~j wkLbxq welq

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wQ‡jb Áv‡bi GKgvÎ Drm Ges wkl¨ wQj k~b¨vavi, hv‡K A‡b‡K RM-gM ZË¡ e‡jb|

AvR‡Ki w`‡b G aviYv A‡bKvs‡k cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| GLb ejv nq Òwk¶v_x©‡K wkL‡bi
Dc‡hvMx K‡i w`b, wk¶v_x©i mvgvwRK I GKv‡WwgK wkLb cÖwµqv ZLb AweiZ MwZ‡Z
Pj‡Z _vK‡eÓ|

Òmg‡SvZvc~Y©Ó wk¶K m¤^‡Ü AvR‡Ki wk¶v_x© e‡j _v‡K ÒAvgiv GB wk¶‡Ki mv‡_
me©`v GKgZ bv n‡jI Zuvi mv‡_ †LvjvLywjfv‡e Zv ej‡Z cvwiÓ|
cVbxq welq Ges welqe¯‘‡f‡` ZvB wk¶K‡K mg‡SvZvc~Y© n‡Z nq|

AvR‡Ki w`‡b wk¶K‡K ïaygvÎ e³…Zv c×wZi Dci wbf©ikxj bv n‡q cÖ`k©b c×wZ,
Av‡jvPbv c×wZ, Kvh© wbf©i c×wZ mn wewfbœ ‡KŠkj mdjfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z Rvb‡Z nq
†kªwYK‡¶|

cÖ‡Z¨KwU c×wZ ev †KŠkj mv_©Kfv‡e †kªwYK‡¶ e¨envi Ki‡Z †kLvi m‡e©vrK…ó mgq
n‡”Q ÒcvV`vb AbykxjbÓ Kvj| G mgq bZzb bZzb †KŠkj †kLvi Ges Zv cÖ‡qvM Kivi
cÖPzi DÏxcbv cÖwk¶Yv_x©‡`i g‡a¨ eRvq _v‡K| ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i we‡kølYagx© I abvZ¥K
gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ weÁ mgv‡jvPK gÛjx _v‡Kb|

mgv‡jvPKgÊjx QvovI cÖwk¶Yv_x©e„›` gvB‡µvwUwPs †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡gI wb‡Ri †ckvMZ

g‡bvfve DbœZ I Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ eZ©gvb BDwb‡Ui cÖ_g †mk‡b
cÖ`Ë QK e¨envi Kiv m¤¢e|

209