Njehësimi i limitit

Le të jetë f = f (x) funksion, ndërsa a dhe L numra realë. Supozojmë se për çdo ε > 0 ,
gjendet δ > 0 i tillë që për x ∈ a − δ , a ∪ a, a + δ rrjedh që f ( x) − L < ε , atëherë thuhet
se funksioni f në pikën a ka limit. Limiti funksionit f në pikën a është numri L .
Shënojmë lim f ( x) = L .
x→a

Me gjuhë joformale themi: nëse funksioni f në pikën a ka limit , atëherë ai limit është
numri që vlerat e funksionit f i afrohen pambarimisht, atëherë kur aqë më shumë i afrohet x
numrit a (por egjithatë mbetet I ndryshëm nga a ).

Nëse funksioni f në pikën a është I përkufizuar dhe I vazhdueshëm atëherë vlen

lim f ( x) = f (a ) .
x →a

Gjatë njehësimeve me limite përdorim vetitë

lim [ f ( x) + g ( x)] = lim f ( x) + lim g ( x) ,
x→a x→a x→a

lim [ f ( x ) − g ( x) ] = lim f ( x) − lim g ( x) ,

x→a x→a x →a

lim[ f ( x) ⋅ g ( x)] = lim f ( x) ⋅ lim g ( x) ,

x→a x→a x→a

f ( x) lim f ( x)
lim = x →a ,
x→a g ( x) lim g ( x)
x→a

lim [λ ⋅ f ( x)] = λ ⋅ lim f ( x) dhe

x→a x →a

lim [ f ( x)]
x→a
g ( x)
[
= lim f ( x)
x →a
] lim g ( x )
x→ a
.

Poashtu përdoren edhe:

1 1
lim = 0 , lim = ∞ ,
x → ±∞ x x→0 x
x 1
 1
lim 1 +  = e , lim (1 + x) x = e ,
x →∞
 x x→0

sin ( x) x
lim = 1 dhe lim = 1.
x →0 x x → 0 sin( x )

3x − 2
1. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
4x − 3 x →3

3x − 2 3 ⋅ 3 − 2 9 − 2 7
Zgjidhje: lim = = = .
x →3 4 x − 3 4 ⋅ 3 − 3 12 − 3 9

4 − 2x
2. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→2 3x
 4 − 2x 4 − 4 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = =0.
x→2 3x 6 6

3x
3. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →1 x −1

3x 3 3
Zgjidhje: lim = = =∞.
x →1 x −1 1 −1 0

0 ∞
Forma të pacaktuara: , , 0 ⋅ ∞ , ∞ − ∞ , 1∞ , 00 , ∞ 0 .
0 ∞

x2 − 4
4. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→2 x−2

x2 − 4 4 − 4 0 ( x + 2)( x − 2)
Zgjidhje : lim = = = lim = lim ( x + 2) = 2 + 2 = 4 .
x→2 x−2 2 − 2 0 x→2 x−2 x→2

x2 − 9
5. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →3 3x − 3

x2 − 9 9−9 0 ( x + 3)( x − 3) x −3
Zgjidhje: lim = = = lim = lim ( x + 3) ⋅ =
x →3 3 x − 3 3 − 3 0 x →3 3x − 3 x →3 3x − 3

= 6 ⋅ lim
x−3
= 6 ⋅ lim
( x+ 3 x− 3 )( )
= 6 ⋅ lim
( )(
x+ 3 x− 3
=
)
x →3 3x − 3 x →3 3 x− 3 3 x →3 (
3 x− 3 )
x+ 3 2 3
= 6 ⋅ lim = 6⋅ = 6 ⋅ 2 = 12 .
x →3 3 3

3 − 4x + 1
6 Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→2 4 − 5 x + 6

3 − 4x + 1 3− 9 3−3 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = = =
x→2 4 − 5 x + 6 4 − 16 4 − 4 0

3 − 4 x + 1 3 + 4 x + 1 4 + 5x + 6
= lim ⋅ ⋅ =
x→2 4 − 5x + 6 4 + 5x + 6 3 + 4x + 1
  3 − 4x + 1 3 + 4x + 1  4 + 5x + 6
=  lim ⋅  ⋅ lim =
x→2 4 − 5x + 6 4 + 5x + 6  x→2 3 + 4 x + 1
 

 9 − (4 x + 1)  4 + 16  8 − 4x  8
=  lim  ⋅ =  lim ⋅ =
 x → 2 16 − (5 x + 6)  3 + 9  x → 2 10 − 5 x  6

4 4 ⋅ (2 − x) 4 4 16
= ⋅ lim = ⋅ = .
3 x → 2 5 ⋅ (2 − x) 3 5 15

7. Të njehsohet limiti
3 − 6 + 8x + 1
lim .
x →1 − x + 5 − 3x + 1

3 − 6 + 8x + 1 3− 6+3 3−3 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = = =
x →1 − x + 5 − 3x + 1 2−2 0 0

3 − 6 + 8x + 1 3 + 6 + 8x + 1 − x + 5 + 3x + 1
= lim ⋅ ⋅ =
x →1 − x + 5 − 3x + 1 − x + 5 + 3 x + 1 3 + 6 + 8 x + 1


= lim
(
9 − 6 + 8x + 1  )  ⋅ lim
− x + 5 + 3x + 1
=
x →1 ( − x + 5) − (3 x + 1) x →1
  3 + 6 + 8x + 1

 3 − 8x + 1  2+2 3−3 0
=  lim ⋅
 = = =
 x →1 − 4 x + 4  3 + 6 + 3 − 4 + 4 0

=
4
⋅ lim
3 − 8x + 1
3 + 3 x →1 − 4 x + 4
(
⋅ 3 + 8x + 1 ⋅
1
)
3 + 8x + 1
=

4  9 − (8 x + 1)  1 2  8 − 8x  1
= ⋅ lim  ⋅ lim = ⋅  lim ⋅ =
6  x →1 − 4 x + 4  x →1 3 + 8 x + 1 3  x →1 4 − 4 x  3 + 3

2 1 2 ⋅ (4 − 4 x) 1 1 1 2
= ⋅ ⋅ lim = ⋅ ⋅ lim 2 = ⋅ 2 = .
3 6 x →1 4 − 4 x 3 3 x →1 9 9

5 − 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4
8. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→4
2 − 3 + 2x − 7

5 − 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 5 − 7 + 3 ⋅ 6 5 − 25 5 − 5 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = = = =
x→4
2 − 3 + 2x − 7 2 − 3 +1 2− 4 2−2 0
 5 − 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 5 + 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 2 + 3 + 2x − 7
= lim ⋅ ⋅ =
x→4
2 − 3 + 2x − 7 2 + 3 + 2x − 7 5 + 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4


=  lim
(
25 − 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 ) ⋅ lim 2 + 3 + 2x − 7
=
(
 x→4 4 − 3 + 2 x − 7 )  x→4
5 + 7 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4

 18 − 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4  2 + 3 + 1 18 − 3 ⋅ 6 0
=  lim ⋅
 = = =
 x→4 1 − 2x − 7  5 + 7 + 3 ⋅ 6 1−1 0

2+2 18 − 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 18 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4 1 + 2x − 7
= ⋅ lim ⋅ ⋅ =
5 + 5 x→4 1 − 2 x − 7 1 + 2x − 7 18 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4

4  324 − 9 ⋅ (10 x − 4)  1 + 2x − 7
= ⋅  lim  ⋅ lim =
10  x → 4 1 − (2 x − 7)  x → 4 18 + 3 ⋅ 10 x − 4

2  324 − 90 x + 36  1 + 1 2  360 − 90 x  2
= ⋅  lim ⋅ = ⋅  lim ⋅ =
5  x → 4 1 − 2 x + 7  18 + 3 ⋅ 6 5  x → 4 8 − 2 x  36

2 1 90 ⋅ (4 − x) 2 90
= ⋅ ⋅ lim = ⋅ = 1.
5 18 x → 4 2 ⋅ (4 − x) 90 2

3x 2 − 4 x + 1
9. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →∞ 2 x 2 − 3x

4 1 4 1
3− + 2 3− +
3x 2 − 4 x + 1 ∞ x x = ∞ ∞ = 3−0+0 = 3 .
Zgjidhje: lim = = lim
x →∞ 2 x 2 − 3x ∞ x →∞ 3 3 2−0 2
2− 2−
x ∞

7 x8 − x 4 + 2
10. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →∞ 9 x7 + x

x4 2 1 2
+ 8 7−
7− 4 + 8
7x − x + 2 ∞
8 4
x 8
x = lim x x =
Zgjidhje: lim = = lim
x →∞ 9x7 + x ∞ x →∞ 9 x 7 x x →∞ 9 1
+ 8 +
x8 x x x7

7−0+0 7
= = =∞.
0+0 0
 4 x 2 − 3x
11. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x → ∞ 7 x5 − x + 1

4 x 2 3x 4 3
− 5 − 4
4 x − 3x ∞2 5 3
Zgjidhje: lim 5 = = lim x x = lim x x =
x →∞ 7 x − x + 1 ∞ x → ∞ x 1 x → ∞ 1 1
7− 5 + 5 7− 4 + 5
x x x x

0−0 0
= = = 0.
7−0+0 7

12. Të njehsohet limiti lim

x → +∞
(x 2
+ 3x − x . )
Zgjidhje: lim ( x 2 + 3 x − x = lim) ( x 2 + 3x − x ⋅ )( x 2 + 3x + x )=
x → +∞ x → +∞
x + 3x + x
2

x 2 + 3x − x 2 3x 3
= lim = lim = lim =
x → +∞
x + 3x + x
2 x → +∞
x + 3x + x
2 x → +∞ 1
x
⋅ (x 2
+ 3x + x )
3 3 3
= lim = lim = lim =
x → +∞ 1 x → +∞ x → +∞
⋅ x 2 + 3x + 1 1 1
⋅ x 2 + 3x + 1 ⋅ ( x 2 + 3 x) + 1
x x2 x2

3 3 3 3
= lim = = = .
x → +∞
3 1+ 0 +1 1+1 2
1+ +1
x

1 1
Vërejtje. Barazimi = vlen vetëm për x > 0 .
x x2
13. Të njehsohet limiti lim x ⋅ x 2 + 1 − x 2 .
x → +∞
( )
( ) (x ⋅ )(
x2 +1 − x2 ⋅ x ⋅ x2 +1 + x2 )=
Zgjidhje: lim x ⋅ x 2 + 1 − x 2 = lim
x → +∞ x → +∞
(x ⋅ x +1 + x
2 2
)
x 2 ⋅ ( x 2 + 1) − x 4 x4 + x2 − x4 x2
= lim = lim = lim =
x → +∞ x → +∞ x → +∞
x ⋅ x2 +1 + x2 x ⋅ x2 +1 + x2 x ⋅ x2 +1 + x2
 x 1 1
= lim = lim = lim =
x → +∞
x +1 + x
2 x → +∞ 1
x
⋅ ( x2 +1 + x ) x → +∞ 1
x
⋅ x2 +1 +1

1 1 1
= lim = lim = lim =
x → +∞ x → +∞ x → +∞
1 1 1
⋅ x2 +1 +1 ⋅ ( x 2 + 1) + 1 1+ 2 +1
x2 x2 x

1 1 1
= = = .
1+ 0 +1 1+1 2

tg (3 x)
14. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→ 0 sin(2 x)

sin(3 x)
tg (3x )  0  cos(3 x) sin(3 x)
Zgjidhje: lim =   = lim = lim =
x → 0 sin( 2 x )
0 x → 0 sin(2 x) x → 0 sin(2 x) ⋅ cos(3 x)

 sin(3 x)   1   sin(3 x)  1 sin(3 x)

= lim  ⋅ lim  = lim  ⋅ = lim =
 x→0 sin(2 x)   x →0 cos(3 x)   x→0 sin(2 x)  1 x→0 sin(2 x)

sin(3 x) 2x 3x  sin(3 x)   2x   3x  3 3
= lim ⋅ ⋅ = lim  ⋅ lim  ⋅ lim  = 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ = .
x →0 3x sin(2 x) 2 x  x → 0 3x   x → 0 sin(2 x)   x → 0 2x  2 2

tg (2 x)
15. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→ 0 sin(5 x )

sin(2 x)
tg (2 x)  0  cos(2 x) sin(2 x)
Zgjidhje: lim =   = lim = lim =
x → 0 sin(5 x )
 0  x →0 sin(5 x) x→0 sin(5 x) ⋅ cos(2 x)

 sin(2 x)   1   sin(2 x)  1 sin(2 x)

= lim ⋅ lim = lim ⋅ = lim =
x → 0 sin(5 x )   x →0 cos( 2 x )  x →0 sin(5 x )  1 x → 0 sin(5 x )
     

sin(2 x ) 5x 2x  sin(2 x)   5x   2x  2 2
= lim ⋅ ⋅ = lim  ⋅ lim  ⋅ lim  = 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ = .
x →0 2x sin(5 x) 5 x  x→0 2 x   x→0 sin(5 x)   x→0 5 x  5 5

Për çdo numër realë x vlen:

sin 2 ( x) + cos 2 ( x) = 1 , sin(2 x) = 2 ⋅ sin( x) ⋅ cos( x) , cos(2 x) = cos 2 ( x) − sin 2 ( x) .

Nga të cilat marrim

 x  x  x    x  x 
1 − cos( x) = 1 − cos 2 ⋅  = sin 2   + cos 2   − cos 2   − sin 2   =
 2  2  2   2  2 

x  x x  x  x
= sin 2   + cos 2   − cos 2   + sin 2   = 2 ⋅ sin 2   .
2 2 2 2 2

Madje,

 x
1 − cos( x) = 2 ⋅ sin 2   .
2

1 − cos( x)
16. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0 x

 x  x
2 ⋅ sin 2   sin 2  
1 − cos( x) 1 − 1 0  2  = lim 2 =
Zgjidhje: lim = = = lim
x →0 x  0 0  x→0 x x →0 x
2

  x 
 sin   
  x 
= lim    ⋅ lim sin   = 1 ⋅ sin(0) = 1 ⋅ 0 = 0 .
2
 x → 0 x   x → 0
 2 
 2  


tg( x ) − sin( x)
17. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→0 x3

sin( x)
− sin( x)
tg( x) − sin( x)  0 − 0 0  cos( x)
Zgjidhje: lim = =  = lim =
x →0 x3  0 0  x →0 x3

sin( x) − sin( x) ⋅ cos( x)  sin( x) − sin( x) ⋅ cos( x)   1 

= lim = lim  ⋅ lim =
x →0 x ⋅ cos( x)
3
 x →0 x 3
  x→0 cos( x ) 

x
sin( x ) ⋅ 2 ⋅ sin 2  
 sin( x) ⋅ [1 − cos( x)] 1 sin( x ) ⋅ [1 − cos( x)] 2 =
= lim 3  ⋅ = lim 3
= lim 3
 x →0 x  1 x → 0 x x → 0 x
  x  x  x  x
2 ⋅ sin   sin   sin   sin  
= lim
sin( x)
⋅  2  ⋅  2  = lim sin( x) ⋅  2  ⋅  2  ⋅ 1 =
x →0 x x x x →0 x x x 2
2 2

  x    x 
 sin     sin   
 sin( x) 
⋅ lim    ⋅ lim    ⋅ = 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ = .
2 2 1 1 1
= lim 
 x →0 x   x → 0 x   x → 0 x  2 2 2
 2   2 
   

 1 
18. Të njehsohet limiti lim  − ctg( x) .
x → 0 sin( x )
 

 1  1   1 cos( x) 
Zgjidhje: lim  − ctg ( x) =  − ∞ = ∞ − ∞  = lim  − =
x → 0 sin( x )
  0  x→0  sin( x) sin( x) 

 x x  x
2 ⋅ sin 2   2 ⋅ sin   sin  
1 − cos( x)  2  = lim 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 1 =
= lim = lim
x →0 sin( x) x → 0 sin( x) x → 0 1 1 sin( x)

x  x
2 ⋅ sin   sin  
= lim  2  ⋅ sin  x  ⋅ x = lim  2  ⋅ sin  x  ⋅ x =
   
x →0 x  2  sin( x) x →0 x  2  sin( x)
2

  x 
 sin   
  x   x 
= lim    ⋅ lim sin   ⋅ lim
2
= 1 ⋅ sin(0) ⋅ 1 = 1 ⋅ 0 ⋅ 1 = 0 .
 x →0 x   x→0  2   x→0 sin( x) 
 2 


x +1 −1
19. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0 sin(3 x)

x + 1 − 1 1 − 1 0   x + 1 − 1 x + 1 + 1
Zgjidhje: lim = =  = lim  ⋅ =
x →0 sin(3 x)  0 0  x→0  sin(3 x) x + 1 + 1

x +1 −1 x x 1
= lim = lim = lim ⋅ =
x →0
sin(3 x) ⋅ ( x + 1 + 1) x →0
sin(3 x) ⋅ ( x + 1 + 1) x →0 sin(3 x) x + 1 + 1
 1 3x 1 1  3x   1  1 1 1 1 1
= lim ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ lim  ⋅ lim  = 3 ⋅1 ⋅ = ⋅1⋅ = .
x →0 3 sin(3 x )
x + 1 + 1 3  x→0 sin(3 x)   x→0 x + 1 + 1 1 +1 3 2 6

1 − cos( x)
20. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→0 x ⋅ ( x + 1 − 1)

1 − cos( x) 1 − 1 0   1 − cos( x) x + 1 + 1
Zgjidhje: lim = =  = lim  ⋅ =
x →0
x ⋅ ( x + 1 − 1)  0 0 x → 0
 x ⋅ ( x + 1 − 1) x + 1 + 1

= lim
[1 − cos( x)]⋅ ( x + 1 + 1)
= lim
[1 − cos( x)] ⋅ ( x + 1 + 1) =
x →0 x ⋅ ( x + 1 − 1) x →0 x2

  x    x 
 2 ⋅ sin 2     2 ⋅ sin 2   
 1 − cos( x)   2   ⋅ ( 1 + 1) = lim  2  ⋅ 2 =
= lim  ⋅ lim ( x + 1 + 1) = lim
 x →0 x 2
 x → 0  x → 0 x 2
  x → 0 x 2

   
   

 x  x   x  x 
4 ⋅ sin 2   sin 2    sin   sin   
= lim  2  = lim  2  = lim   2  ⋅  2   = 1 ⋅ 1 = 1 .
x →0 x 2 x → 0 x2 x →0  x x 
 2 
4  2
sin(3 x) ⋅ sin(4 x)
21. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0
3x 2 + 4 − 2

sin(3 x) ⋅ sin(4 x)
 0 ⋅ 0 0 sin(3 x) ⋅ sin(4 x) ⋅ ( 3 x 2 + 4 + 2)
Zgjidhje: lim = =  = lim =
x →0
3x 2 + 4 − 2  2 − 2 0  x → 0 ( 3 x 2 + 4 − 2) ⋅ ( 3 x 2 + 4 + 2)


= lim
sin(3x ) ⋅ sin(4 x) 
 x → 0 3 x + 4 − 4  x → 0
2
[ ( 3x
⋅ lim 2
)]
+ 4 + 2 = lim
 x →0
sin(3 x) ⋅ sin(4 x) 
3x 2  ⋅ (2 + 2) =

 sin(3 x) sin(4 x) 
= lim ⋅ ⋅ 4 ⋅ 4 = 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 4 = 16 .
 x →0 3x 4x 

3 − 9 − 6x 2
Zadatak 43. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0  x
1 − cos 
 2
 3 − 9 − 6x2 3 − 3 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = =
x →0  x 1 −1 0
1 − cos 
2

   
   9 − (9 − 6 x 2 ) 
3 − 9 − 6 x2 3 + 9 − 6 x2 1
= lim  ⋅  = lim  ⋅ =
x →0   x  3 + 9 − 6 x2  x →0   x  3 + 9 − 6x2 
 1 − cos   
1 − cos 

 2  2

 
 9 − (9 − 6 x 2 )   1 
= lim  ⋅  lim =
 x →0  x    x →0 3 + 9 − 6 x 2 
 1 − cos    
 2 

   
 6x 2  1  6x 2  1
=  lim ⋅ =  lim  ⋅ = (D)
 x → 0 1 − cos x   3 + 9  x → 0 1 − cos x   6
     
 2   2 

α 
Duke përdorur 1 − cos(α ) = 2 ⋅ sin 2   , marrim
2

1 6 x2 6 x2 1 x2
(D) = ⋅ lim = ⋅ lim = ⋅ lim =
6 x →0 2 x  12 x → 0 2  x  2 x → 0 2  x 
2 ⋅ sin   sin   sin  
4 4  4

x2
2
16 1 x
= ⋅ ⋅ lim = 8 ⋅ lim 16 =
2 16 x →0 2  x  x →0 2 x 
sin   sin  
4 4

 x x 
 
= 8 ⋅ lim  4 ⋅ 4  = 8 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 = 8 .
x →0  x  x 
 sin  4  sin  4  
 

1 − cos 4 (5 x)
23. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→0
9 x 2 + 16 − 2 ⋅ x 2 + 4

1 − cos 4 (5 x) 1−1 0

Zgjidhje: lim = = =
x→0
9 x + 16 − 2 ⋅ x + 4  4 − 2 ⋅ 2 0 
2 2
 1 − cos 4 (5 x) 9 x 2 + 16 + 2 ⋅ x 2 + 4
= lim ⋅ =
x →0
9 x 2 + 16 − 2 ⋅ x 2 + 4 9 x 2 + 16 + 2 ⋅ x 2 + 4

= lim 2
1 − cos 4 (5 x)
x → 0 9 x + 16 − 4 ⋅ ( x 2 + 4)
⋅ ( 9x 2
)
+ 16 + 2 ⋅ x 2 + 4 =

 1 − cos 4 (5 x)  1 − cos 4 (5 x)
= lim 2  ⋅ ( 4 + 2 ⋅ 2 ) = 8 ⋅ lim =
 x → 0 9 x + 16 − 4 x − 16 
2 x→0 5x2

[ ] 1 − cos
2 2
(5 x) sin (5 x)
= 8 ⋅ lim 1 + cos 2 (5 x) ⋅ 2
= 8 ⋅ (1 + 1) ⋅ lim = 2
x→0 5x x→05x

sin 2 (5 x)  sin(5 x) sin(5 x) 

= 8 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 5 ⋅ lim = 80 ⋅ lim  ⋅ = 80 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 = 80 .
x →0 25 x 2 x →0
 5x 5 x 

25 x 2 + 9 − 16 x 2 + 9
24. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0 1 − cos 4 (3 x)

25 x 2 + 9 − 16 x 2 + 9  3 − 3 0 
Zgjidhje: lim = = =
x→0 1 − cos 4 (3 x)  1 − 1 0 

 25 x 2 + 9 − 16 x 2 + 9 25 x 2 + 9 + 16 x 2 + 9 
= lim  ⋅ =
x →0
 1 − cos 4 (3 x) 25 x 2 + 9 + 16 x 2 + 9 

 (25 x 2 + 9) − (16 x 2 + 9) 1 
= lim  ⋅ =
x →0
 1 − cos (3 x)
4
25 x 2 + 9 + 16 x 2 + 9 

 9x2  1 1 9 x2
= lim  ⋅ = ⋅ lim =
 x → 0 1 − cos (3 x)  9 + 9 3 + 3 x → 0 1 − cos (3 x)
4 4

1  9x2 1  1  9x2  1
= ⋅ lim  ⋅  = ⋅  lim ⋅ =
6 x → 0
1 − cos (3 x) 1 + cos (3 x)  6 
2 2 x → 0 1 − cos (3 x)  1 + 1
2

1 1 9x2 1  3x 3x  1 1
= ⋅ ⋅ lim 2
= ⋅ lim  ⋅  = ⋅1⋅1 = .
→ →
6 2 x 0 sin (3 x) 12 x 0
 sin(3 x) sin(3 x)  12 12

25. Të njehsohet limiti

  x + 3 − x 2 + 9 cos( x) sin(2 x) 
lim  + + .
x →0
 sin(6 x) cos(4 x) e 3 x 

 x + 3 − x 2 + 9 cos( x) sin(2 x) 
Zgjidhje: lim  + + =
x→0
 sin(6 x) cos(4 x) e3 x 

 x + 3 − x 2 + 9 x + 3 + x 2 + 9  cos(0) sin(0)
= lim  ⋅ + + =
x →0
 sin(6 x) x + 3 + x 2 + 9  cos(0) e0

 ( x + 3) 2 − ( x 2 + 9) 1  1 0
= lim  ⋅ + + =
x →0
 sin(6 x) x +3+ x +9 1 1
2

 x2 + 6x + 9 − x2 − 9  1
= lim   ⋅ +1+ 0 =
x →0
 sin(6 x)  3+ 9

1  6x  1 7
= ⋅ lim   + 1 = ⋅1 + 1 = .
3+3 x → 0
 sin(6 x)  6 6

26. Të njehsohet limiti

1 − cos( x )
lim .
x → 0 sin( 2 x ) sin(3 x )

1 − cos( x) 1 − cos( x) 1 + cos( x)

Zgjidhje: lim = lim ⋅ =
x →0 sin(2 x) sin(3x ) x→0 sin(2 x) sin(3 x) 1 + cos( x)

 x
2 sin 2  
1 − cos( x) 1 2 =
= lim = ⋅ lim
x →0 [ ]
sin(2 x) sin(3x ) 1 + cos( x) 1 + cos(0) x → 0 sin( 2 x ) sin(3 x )

 x x  x x x
sin 2   sin   sin   ⋅
=
2
⋅ lim 2 = 1 ⋅ lim   ⋅   ⋅
2 2 2 x
⋅
3 x
⋅ 2 2 =
1 + 1 x→0 sin(2 x) sin(3 x) x →0 x x sin(2 x) sin(3 x) 2 x ⋅ 3 x
2 2

1
1
= 1 ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅ 4 = .
6 24
 3 − 5 + x 2 + 16
27. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x →0  x
sin   ⋅ tg ( x)
3

3 − 5 + x 2 + 16  3 − 5 + 4 3 − 3 0
Zgjidhje: lim = = = =
x →0  x  0⋅0 0 0
sin   ⋅ tg ( x )
3

= lim
3 − 5 + x 2 + 16 3 + 5 + x 2 + 16
⋅ = lim
(
9 − 5 + x 2 + 16
⋅
) 1
=
x →0  x 3 + 5 + x 2 + 16
x → 0 x
sin   ⋅ tg ( x) 3 + 5 + x + 16
2
sin   ⋅ tg ( x)
3 3

 
 4 − x + 16  4 − 4 0 4 − x 2 + 16 4 + x 2 + 16
2
1 1
= lim ⋅ = = = ⋅ lim ⋅ =
 x →0  x  3 + 5 + 4  0 ⋅ 0 0  3 + 3 x →0  x 4 + x 2
+ 16
 sin   ⋅ tg ( x)  sin   ⋅ tg ( x)
 3  3

 
1 16 − ( x + 16)
2
1 1  −x 2  1
= ⋅ lim ⋅ = ⋅ lim ⋅ =
6 x →0  x 4 + x 2
+ 16 6  x →0  x   4+4
sin   ⋅ tg ( x)  sin   ⋅ tg ( x) 
3  3 

x
3⋅ ⋅ x
1 1 x 2
1 x ⋅ cos( x )
2
1 3
= − ⋅ ⋅ lim = − ⋅ lim = − ⋅ lim ⋅ cos( x) =
6 8 x → 0  x  sin( x) 48 x → 0 x 48 x → 0  x
sin   ⋅ sin   ⋅ sin( x) sin   ⋅ sin( x)
 3  cos( x ) 3 3

x x
⋅x
1 3 3 x 1 1
= − ⋅ 3 ⋅ cos(0) ⋅ lim = − ⋅ lim 3 ⋅ = − ⋅1⋅1 = − .
48 x →0 x 48 x →0  x  sin( x) 16 16
sin   ⋅ sin( x) sin  
3 3

x
 4
28. Të njehsohet limiti lim 1 +  .
x →∞
 x

4
x  x
   4 
 1 1 
[ ]
x
 4 ∞ ∞ 
Zgjidhje: lim 1 +  = (1 + 0) = 1 = lim 1 +  = lim 1 +   .
x→∞  x x→∞  x x →∞  x
    
 4  4 

 x
 4
 1
t  1
Meqë lim  1 +  = e , atëherë lim 1 +  = e . Rezultati i detyrës është e 4 .
x →∞  x
t →∞
 t  
 4

x +3
 x + 3
29. Të njehsohet limiti lim   .
x →∞
 x −1 

x +3
 
x +3 x +3 x+3  
 x + 3  x −1 4   4  1
Zgjidhje: lim   = lim  +  = lim 1 +  = lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 x −1  x →∞ x − 1
 x −1 x →∞
 x − 1 x →∞  x −1 
 
 4 

4
x −1 ⋅( x + 3)
  x −1
  4

  1  
= lim  1 + .
x →∞  x −1  
  
 4  


x −1
  4

 1
t  1 
Meqë lim  1 +  = e , atëherë del se lim 1 +  = e . Me tutje,
t →∞
 t x →∞  x −1 
 
 4 

12
4+
4 4 x + 12 x = 4+0 = 4 = 4.
lim ⋅ ( x + 3) = lim = lim
x →∞ x − 1 x →∞ x −1 x →∞ 1 1− 0 1
1−
x

Dhe këshut rezultati është e 4 .

x +1
 3x − 4  3
30. Të njehsohet limiti lim   .
x → ∞ 3x + 2
 

x +1 x +1 x +1
 3x − 4  3  3x + 2 −6  3  −6  3
Zgjidhje: lim   = lim  +  = lim 1 +  =
x →∞ 3 x + 2 x →∞ 3 x + 2 3x + 2 
   x →∞
 3x + 2 
 −6 x +1
x +1 3x+2 3x+2 ⋅
  3
  3
  −6

  1 
1  
= lim 1 +  = lim  1 +  .
x →∞  3x + 2  x →∞  3x + 2 
    
 −6   −6  

3x+ 2
  −6

 1
t  1 
Meqë lim  1 +  = e , atëherë lim 1 +  = e .Në vazhdim,
t →∞
 t  x →∞  3 x + 2 
 
 −6 

2
−2−
− 6 x +1 − 2 x +1 − 2x − 2 x = −2−0 = −2.
lim ⋅ = lim ⋅ = lim = lim
x →∞ 3 x + 2 3 x → ∞ 3x + 2 1 x → ∞ 3x + 2 x →∞ 2 3+0 3
3+
x

2
−
3
Dhe rezulati është e .

x
 8x 
31. Të njehsohet limiti lim  − 3 .
x →∞ 2 x − 3
 

x x
 8x   8x 
Zgjidhje: lim  − 3  = lim 1 + − 4 =
x→∞  2 x − 3  x → ∞  2 x − 3 

x x x
 8 x − 4 ⋅ (2 x − 3)   8 x − 8 x + 12   12 
= lim 1 +  = lim 1 +  = lim 1 +  =
x→∞  2x − 3  x→∞  2x − 3  x→∞  2x − 3 

12 12 x
2 x −3  2 x −3 ⋅x 2 x −3  2 x −3
x  
    12
   12

 1  1  1 
   
= lim 1 +  = lim  1 + 
 = lim 1 + 
 .
x→∞  2x − 3  x→∞  2x − 3  x →∞  2x − 3 
       
 12   12    12  

2 x −3
  12

 1 
t  1 
Meqë lim  1 +  = e , atëherë lim 1 + = e . Më tutje
t →∞
 t x →∞  2x − 3 
 
 12 

12 x 12 12 12
lim = lim = = = 6.
x →∞ 2x − 3 x → ∞ 3 2−0 2
2−
x
Kështu rezultati është e 6 .

32. Të njehsohet limiti

  6x + 5 
x
2 3 
lim   − 2  ⋅ 2 ⋅ cos  + 3 ⋅ cos  + 4 .
x →∞
  2 x − 1  x  x 

  6x + 5 
x
2 3 
Zgjidhje: lim   − 2  ⋅ 2 ⋅ cos  + 3 ⋅ cos  + 4 =
x →∞
  2 x − 1   x  x 

  6x + 5    
x
2 3
=  lim  − 2   ⋅  lim 2 ⋅ cos  + 3 ⋅ cos  + 4  =
x →∞ 2 x − 1
     x → ∞ x  x 

  6x + 5  
x

=  lim 1 + − 3   ⋅ 2 ⋅ cos(0 ) + 3 ⋅ cos(0 ) + 4 =


x →∞
 2x − 1  

  6x + 5 − 6x + 3  
x
 8 
x
=  lim 1 +   ⋅ 2 + 3 + 4 = 9 ⋅ lim 1 +  =

x→∞  2x − 1   x→∞  2x − 1

8 8x
2 x −1  2 x −1 ⋅x 2 x −1  2 x −1
x  
    8     8 
 1  1   1 
   
= 3 ⋅ lim 1 +  = 3 ⋅ lim 1 + 
 = 3 ⋅ lim 1 +  .
x →∞  2x −1  x →∞  2x −1  x → ∞  2x −1  
       
 8   8    8  

2 x −1
  8

 1
t  1 
Meqë lim  1 +  = e , atëherë lim 1 +  = e . Më tutje,
t →∞
 t x →∞  2x − 1 
 
 8 

8x 8 8 8
lim = lim = = = 4.
x →∞ 2 x − 1 x→∞ 1 2−0 2
2−
x

Rezultati është 3 ⋅ e 4 .

x2
 x2 + 2 
54. Të njehsohet limiti lim  2  .
x →∞
 x +1 
 x2 x2 x2
 x2 + 2   x2 +1 1   1 
Zgjidhje: lim  2  = lim  2 + 2  = lim 1 + 2  =
x →∞
 x +1  x →∞ x + 1
 x + 1  x →∞
 x +1

x2
 1 
x 2 +1  x 2 +1
= lim 1 + 2   .
x →∞
 x +1 
 

x x 2 +1
 1  1 
Meqë lim 1 +  = e . Odatle slijedi da Meqë i lim 1 + 2  = e . Nadalje,
x →∞
 x x → ∞
 x +1

x2 1 1 1
lim = lim = = = 1.
x →∞ x 2 + 1 x →∞ 1 1+ 0 1
1+
x2

I tako, rezultat zadatka je e1 = e .

x
 x2 − 2x + 1 
34. Të njehsohet limiti lim  2  .
x →∞ x − 4 x + 2 
 

x x
 x 2 − 2x + 1   x 2 − 4x + 2 2x − 1 
Zgjidhje: lim  2  = lim  2 + 2  =
x →∞ x − 4 x + 2
  x →∞ x − 4 x + 2
 x − 4 x + 2 

2 x −1
⋅x
x  x2 −4 x+ 2  x2 −4 x+ 2
    2 x −1 
     
−
x
 2 x 1  1 1
= lim 1 + 2  = lim 1 + 2  = lim 1 + 2   .
− + x →∞  − +  x →∞  x − 4x + 2 
x →∞
 x 4 x 2  x 4 x 2  
    
 2x − 1  2x − 1 
 

t
 1
Meqë lim  1 +  = e dhe
t →∞
 t

4 2
1− +
x 2 − 4x + 2 x x2 = 1 − 0 + 0 = 1 = ∞ ,
lim = lim
x →∞ 2x − 1 x →∞ 2 1 0−0 0
− 2
x x
 x 2 −4 x+ 2
  2 x −1
 
 1 
Kemi lim 1 + 2 = e . Më tutje,
x →∞  x − 4x + 2 
 
 2x − 1 

1
2−
2x − 1 2x 2 − x x = 2−0 = 2 = 2.
lim 2 ⋅ x = lim 2 = lim
x →∞ x − 4 x + 2 x →∞ x − 4 x + 2 x →∞ 4 2 1− 0 + 0 1
1− + 2
x x

Kështu rezultati është e 2 .

x
 6x + 4 4x − 3  2
35. Të njehsohet limiti lim  −  .
x →∞ 2 x − 1 2x + 1 


x x
 6x + 4 4x − 3  2  6x + 4 4x − 3  2
Zgjidhje: lim  −  = lim 1 + − − 1 =
x →∞ 2 x − 1 2x + 1  2x − 1 2x + 1 
 x →∞


x
 (6 x + 4)(2 x + 1) − (4 x − 3)(2 x − 1) − (2 x − 1)(2 x + 1)  2
= lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 (2 x − 1)(2 x + 1) 

x
 (12 x 2 + 6 x + 8 x + 4) − (8 x 2 − 4 x − 6 x + 3) − (4 x 2 − 1)  2
= lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 4x 2 − 1 

x
 (12 x 2 + 14 x + 4) + (−8 x 2 + 10 x − 3) + (−4 x 2 + 1)  2
= lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 4x 2 − 1 

24 x + 2 x
⋅
x  4 x 2 −1  4 x 2 −1 2
  2
   24 x + 2

x
    
 24 x + 2   1  1
= lim 1 + 
2
= lim 1 +  = lim 1+  .
4x 2 − 1  x →∞  4x 2 − 1  x →∞  4x 2 − 1 
x →∞
  
    
 24 x + 2  24 x + 2 
 

x
 1
Meqë lim 1 +  = e dhe
x →∞
 x
 1
4− 2
4x 2 − 1 x = 4−0 = 4 = ∞,
lim = lim
x →∞ 24 x + 2 x → ∞ 24 2 0+0 0
+ 2
x x

4 x 2 −1
  24 x + 2
 
 1 
Kemi lim 1 + = e . Më tutuje,
x →∞  4x 2 − 1 
 
 24 x + 2 

2
24 +
24 x + 2 x 24 x 2 + 2 x x = 24 + 0 = 24 = 3 .
lim ⋅ = lim = lim
x →∞ 4 x − 1 2
2 x →∞ 8 x − 2
2 x →∞ 2 8−0 8
8− 2
x

Kështu rezultati është e 3 .

x
 3x x −3 3
36. Të njehsohet limiti lim  2 − +  .
x →∞
 2x − 3 2x + 3 

x
∞
 3x x − 3  3  3 1 ∞

Zgjidhje: lim  2 − +  =   2 − +  =1  =
x →∞
 2x − 3 2x + 3   2 2 

x
 3x x −3 3
= lim 1 + 1 − +  =
x →∞
 2x − 3 2x + 3 

x
 (2 x − 3)(2 x + 3) − 3 x(2 x + 3) + ( x − 3)(2 x − 3)  3
= lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 (2 x − 3)(2 x + 3) 

x
 4 x 2 − 9 − 6 x 2 − 9 x + ( 2 x 2 − 3 x − 6 x + 9)  3
= lim 1 +  =
x →∞
 4x 2 − 9 

−18 x x
⋅
x  4 x 2 −9  4 x 2 − 9 3
  3
  −18 x 
x
    
 − 18 x  3
 1   1 
= lim 1 + 2  = lim 1+ 2 = lim  1 + 2  .
x →∞  4x − 9  x →∞  4x − 9 
x →∞
 4x − 9   
     
 − 18 x  − 18 x 
 
 x
 1
Meqë lim 1 +  = e dhe
x →∞
 x

9
4−
4x 2 − 9 x2 = 4 − 0 = 4 = ∞ ,
lim = lim
x →∞ − 18 x x →∞ 18 0 0
−
x

4 x 2 −9
  −18 x
 
 1 
Kemi lim 1 + 2 = e . Më tutje
x →∞  4x − 9 
 
 − 18 x 

− 18 x x − 6x 2 −6 −6 6 3
lim ⋅ = lim = lim = =− =− .
x →∞ 4 x 2 − 9 3 x →∞ 4 x 2 − 9 x →∞ 9 4−0 4 2
4− 2
x

3
−
2
Kështu rezultati është e .

37. Të njehsohet limiti lim [1 + tg( x)] ctg( x ) .

x→0

1
Zgjidhje: lim [1 + tg( x )] ctg( x )
= lim [1 + tg( x)] tg( x )
.
x →0 x →0

1
sin(0) 0
Meqë lim (1 + x) = e dhe lim tg ( x) = tg (0) =
x
= = 0 , kemi
x→0 x →0 cos(0) 1
1

lim [1 + tg( x)] tg( x )

= e.
x →0

38. Të njehsohet limiti lim 1 + tg ( x )

x →0
[ 2
] 2x
.

tg 2 ( x )

1
 1  2x
 x) 
[ ] [ ]
tg 2 (

Zgjidhje: lim 1 + tg ( x ) = lim  1 + tg 2 ( x )
2 2x
 .
x →0 x →0
 
 
 [ ]
1
= [tg(0)] = 02 = 0 , kështu
2
Meqë lim (1 + x) x = e dhe lim tg 2 ( x ) = lim tg( x ) 2
x→0 x→0 x→0
1

[ ]
tg 2 ( x )
lim 1 + tg 2 ( x ) = e . Më tutje,
x→0

sin 2 ( x )
tg 2 ( x ) cos 2 ( x ) sin 2 ( x )  sin 2 ( x )   1 
lim = lim = lim =  lim  ⋅  lim =
x →0 x →0 x → 0 2 x ⋅ cos ( x )
2 2
2x 2x  x →0 2 x   x →0 cos ( x ) 

 1 sin( x ) sin( x )  1 1 1 1
=  lim ⋅ ⋅  ⋅ 2
= ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅ = .
 x →0 2 x x  cos (0) 2 1 2

1
Kështu rezultati është e 2 = e .

39. Të njehsohet limiti

1

[ ]
x2
lim 2 − cos( x) − sin 2 ( x) .
x →0

α
Zgjidhje: Përdorim formulën 1 − cos α = 2 ⋅ sin
2
dhe fitojmë
2
1 1 1

[ ] [ ]  
x2 x2 x2
 x
lim 2 − cos( x) − sin 2 ( x) = lim 1 + 1 − cos( x) − sin 2 ( x) = lim 1 + 2 ⋅ sin 2   − sin 2 ( x) =
x→0 x→0 x →0
 2 

x
2 ⋅sin 2   − sin 2 ( x )
2
 1
x
 x2
 2 ⋅sin 2   − sin 2 ( x )
2

  x  
= lim 1 + 2 ⋅ sin 2   − sin 2 ( x)  .
x →0
  2  
 
 

Shprehja në kllapat e mëdha tenton në e . Madje ,

 x   x 
2 ⋅ sin 2   − sin 2 ( x)  4 ⋅ sin 2   2 
lim 2 = lim  ⋅
1  2  − sin ( x)  =
x→0 2 x →0 2 2 2
x  x x 
 
  2 x     x x 
 1 sin  2  sin 2 ( x)   1 sin  2  sin  2  sin( x) sin( x) 
= lim  ⋅  −  = lim  ⋅   ⋅   − ⋅ =
x →0 2
 x2 x 2  x→0  2 x x x x 
 4   2 2 

1 1 1
= ⋅1 ⋅1 − 1 ⋅1 = − 1 = − .
2 2 2

1
−
Kështu rezultati është e 2
= 0.606530659 .

1
x2
40. Të njehsohet limiti lim [3 − cos( x) − cos(2 x)] .
x →0

α
Zgjidhje: Përdorim formulën 1 − cos α = 2 ⋅ sin
2
dhe fitojmë
2
1 1
x2 x2
lim [3 − cos( x) − cos(2 x)] = lim {1 + [1 − cos( x)] + [1 − cos(2 x)]} =
x→0 x→0

  x  x2
= lim 1 + 2 ⋅ sin 2   + 2 ⋅ sin 2 ( x) =
x →0
  2 

 x
2 ⋅sin 2   + 2 ⋅sin 2 ( x )
2
  x
1
 x2
 2 ⋅sin 2   + 2 ⋅sin 2 ( x )
2

  x  
= lim 1 + 2 ⋅ sin 2   + 2 ⋅ sin 2 ( x)  .
x →0
 2  
 
 

Shprehja në kllapat e mëdha tenton në e . Madje ,

 x   x 
2 ⋅ sin 2   + 2 ⋅ sin 2 ( x)  4 ⋅ sin 2   2 
lim 2 = lim 
1
⋅  2  + 2 ⋅ sin ( x)  =
x→0 x2 x →0 2
 x2 x2 
 

 2 x     x  x 
 1 sin  2  2   sin   sin   
= lim  ⋅   + 2 ⋅ sin ( x)  = lim  1 ⋅  2  ⋅  2  + 2 ⋅ sin( x) ⋅ sin( x)  =
x →0 2
 x2 x 2  x→0  2 x x x x 
 4 
 
 2 2 
 1 1 5
= ⋅1 ⋅1 + 2 ⋅1 ⋅1 = + 2 = .
2 2 2

5
Kështu rezultati është e 2 = 12.18249396 .

41. Të njehsohet limiti

1
 9x  sin(2 x )
lim   .
x → 0  1 + tg (3 x ) 
 

1 2x
1 x ⋅
2 sin( 2 x )
 9x  sin( 2 x ) 9 sin( 2 x ) lim 9
x →0
Zgjidhje: lim   = lim = =
x → 0  1 + tg (3 x ) 
[ 1 + tg(3x) ]
x →0 1 1 1
⋅
  sin( 2 x )
lim [1 + tg (3 x)] 2 sin( 2 x )
x →0

1
⋅1
92 3
= 1
= tg ( 3 x )
.
tg ( 3 x ) ⋅ lim
 1  2⋅sin( 2 x ) x→0 2⋅sin( 2 x )
tg ( 3 x )  e
lim [1 + tg (3 x)] 
x→0
 

Meqë

sin(3 x)
tg (3 x) cos(3 x) sin(3 x)  1   sin(3 x) 
lim = lim = lim = lim ⋅ lim =
x → 0 2 ⋅ sin( 2 x ) x → 0 2 ⋅ sin( 2 x ) x → 0 2 ⋅ cos(3 x ) ⋅ sin( 2 x ) x → 0 2 ⋅ cos(3 x )   x → 0 sin( 2 x ) 
   

1  sin(3 x) 2x 3x  1 3 3
= ⋅ lim  ⋅ ⋅  = ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅ = .
2 ⋅ 1 x →0  3x sin(2 x) 2 x  2 2 4

3
3 −
Kështu rezulati është 3
= 3⋅e 4
= 1.417099658 .
4
e

ex − 1
42. Të njehsohet limiti lim .
x→0 x

ex − 1 ex − 1 ex − 1 1
Zgjidhje: lim = lim = lim = lim =
x →0 x x → 0 ln(e x ) x → 0 ln(1 + (e x − 1)) x →0 1
⋅ ln(1 + (e x − 1))
e −1
x
 1
= lim = (D)
x→0  1 

[
ln 1 + (e x − 1)

] e x
−1 

 

1
Meqë lim (1 + x) = e dhe lim (e x − 1) = e0 − 1 = 1 − 1 = 0 , madje
x
x→0 x →0
1

[
lim 1 + (e x − 1)
x →0
] e x −1
= e . Kështu, (D) =
1 1
= = 1.
ln(e) 1

43. Të njehsohet limiti

sin(4 x) ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅ e −2 x − 1 ( )
lim
x→0 (
x2 ⋅ x + 1 − 1
.
)
sin(4 x) ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅ e −2 x − 1
=
( )
Zgjidhje: lim
x →0 x2 ⋅ x + 1 − 1 ( )
= lim
sin(4 x) ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅ e −2 x − 1
⋅
x +1 +1( =
)
sin(4 x) ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅ e −2 x − 1
⋅
x +1 +1
=
( )
x →0 x ⋅ x +1 −1
2
( )
lim
x + 1 + 1 x →0 x ⋅ [( x + 1) − 1]
2
1

=
2
⋅ lim
sin(4 x) ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅ e −2 x − 1
= 2 ⋅ lim
( ⋅ ⋅
)
−2 x
 sin(4 x)   ln(1 + x)   e − 1
=
1 x →0 x2 ⋅ x x →0 
 x   x   x 

 
−2 x
 sin( 4 x )   1   e − 1 
= 2 ⋅ lim  4 ⋅  ⋅  ⋅ ln(1 + x) ⋅  =
x →0  4x   x   − 1 ⋅ (−2 x) 
 2 

  1 
 e− 2 x − 1   e− 2 x − 1 
= 2 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 1 ⋅ lim ln (1 + x) x  ⋅ (−2) ⋅

−2x 
= 8 ⋅ ln(e ) ⋅ lim  ( − 2 ) ⋅ −2 x 
=
x →0     ln(e ) x→0 ln(e )
     

e −2 x − 1 1
= 8 ⋅ 1 ⋅ (−2) ⋅ lim = −16 ⋅ lim =
x → 0 ln(1 + (e − 2 x − 1)) x →0 1
⋅ ln(1 + (e − 2 x − 1))
e− 2 x − 1

1
= −16 ⋅ lim = (D)
x→0  1 

[
ln 1 + (e − 2 x − 1)

] e −2 x
−1 

 
 1
Meqë lim (1 + x) x = e dhe lim (e −2 x − 1) = e0 − 1 = 1 − 1 = 0 , marrim
x→0 x→0
1

[
lim 1 + (e − 2 x − 1)
x→0
] e −2 x −1
= e . Kështu, (D) = −16 ⋅
1
ln(e)
1
= −16 ⋅ = −16 .
1

44. Të njehsohet limiti lim ecos( x ) −1

x→0
[ ] 3⋅sin 2 ( x )
.

x
1 2⋅sin 2  
cos( x ) −1 1− cos( x ) 2
− −

x→0
[
Zgjidhje: lim ecos( x ) −1 ] 3⋅sin 2 ( x )
= lim e
x→0
3⋅sin 2 ( x )
= lim e
x →0
3⋅sin 2 ( x )
= lim e
x →0
2
3⋅sin ( x )
= (D)

Meqë

 2 x  2 x  2 x x2
 2 ⋅ sin    sin    sin   2
lim  −  2   = lim  − 2 ⋅  2  ⋅ 1  = − 2 ⋅ lim 2⋅ x ⋅ 42 =
 3 ⋅ sin ( x) 
x→0 2 → 2 → 2 2
x 0
 3 1 sin ( x )  3 x 0 x sin ( x) x
   
    4

 x  x
sin   sin  
x2
= − ⋅ lim   ⋅   ⋅
2 2 2 x x 2 1 2 1
⋅ ⋅ 2 = − ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅1 ⋅1⋅ = − = − .
3 x →0 x x sin( x) sin( x) 4 x 3 4 12 6
2 2

1
−
Prandaj (D) = e 6 .

45. Të njehsohet limiti lim [cos(3 x)]

x2
.
x→0

1 1 1

Zgjidhje: lim [cos(3 x)] = lim [1 − 1 + cos(3 x)] = lim {1 − [1 − cos(3 x)]}
x2 x2 x2
=
x→0 x →0 x →0
  3x 
− 2⋅sin 2  
 2 
1  1  x2
  3x 
x2
− 2⋅sin 2   
  3 x   2  3 x   2 
= lim 1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2   = lim 1 − 2 ⋅ sin    = (D)
x→0   2  x→0 
  2  
 
 

1
 3x 
Meqë lim (1 + x) x = e dhe lim − 2 ⋅ sin 2   = −2 ⋅ sin 2 (0) = −2 ⋅ 0 2 = 0 , marrim
x→0 x→0  2 
1
 3x 
− 2⋅sin 2  
  3x   2 
lim 1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2    = e . Më tutje,
x→0   2 

 3x   3x   3x   3x 
− 2 ⋅ sin 2   − 2 ⋅ sin 2   sin 2   sin 2  
lim  2  = lim  2  ⋅ 1 = lim − 2 ⋅  2  ⋅ 9 = − 9 ⋅ lim  2=
2 2 2
x→0 x x→0 9x 4 x→0 9x 4 2 x→0 9 x 2
4 9 4 4

  3x   3x  
 sin   sin   
= − ⋅ lim    ⋅    = − ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 = − .
9 2 2 9 9
2 x → 0  3 x 3 x  2 2
 2 2 

9
−
Përfundimisht, (D) = e 2 .

46. Të njehsohet limiti lim [sin( x)]

tg 2 ( x )
.
π
x→
2

Zgjidhje: lim [sin( x)] = lim [1 + sin( x) − 1] tg = lim {1 + [sin( x) − 1] } tg

tg 2 ( x ) 2 2
( x) ( x)
=
π π π
x→ x→ x→
2 2 2

[sin( x ) −1]⋅ tg 2 ( x )
 1 
sin( x ) −1 
= lim {1 + [sin( x ) − 1] }  = (D)
π
x→  
2 

π 
1
Meqë lim (1 + x) x = e dhe lim [sin( x) − 1] = sin   − 1 = 1 − 1 = 0 , marrim
x→0 π 2
x→
2
1

lim {1 + [sin( x) − 1] } sin( x ) −1

= e . Më tutje,
π
x→
2
lim [sin( x) − 1] ⋅ tg 2 ( x) = lim
[sin( x) + 1]⋅ [sin( x) − 1] ⋅ tg 2 ( x) =
x→
π
x→
π sin( x ) + 1
2 2

= lim
1
⋅
[ ]
sin 2 ( x) − 1 ⋅ tg 2 ( x)
=
1
[ ]
⋅ lim − 1 − sin 2 ( x) ⋅ tg 2 ( x) =
x→
π sin( x) + 1 1 1 + 1 x→π
2 2

1 sin 2 ( x) 1 1 π  1 1
= ⋅ lim − cos 2 ( x ) ⋅ = − ⋅ lim sin 2 ( x) = − ⋅ sin 2   = − ⋅ 12 = − .
2 x→π 2
cos ( x ) 2 x→
π 2  
2 2 2
2 2

1
− 1
Përfundimisht (D) = e 2 = .
e

 1  1 + x  ln(cos( x)) 
47. Të njehsohet limiti lim  ⋅ ln +
 .
 1− x  x2
x→0 x
 

 1  1 + x  ln(cos( x))  1  1+ x  ln(cos( x))

Zgjidhje: lim  ⋅ ln +
  = lim ⋅ ln  + lim
 =
x →0 x
  1 − x  x 2


x → 0 x  1 − x  x → 0 x 2

1 1 1+ x  1
= lim ⋅ ⋅ ln  + lim 2 ⋅ ln(1 − 1 + cos( x)) =
x→0 x 2 1− x  x → 0 x

⋅ lim ⋅ [ln(1 + x) − ln(1 − x)] + lim 2 ⋅ ln (1 − [1 − cos( x )]) =

1 1 1
=
2 x → 0 x x → 0 x

1 1 1  1   x 
= ⋅ lim  ⋅ ln(1 + x) + ⋅ ln(1 − x) + lim 2 ⋅ ln1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2    =
2 x → 0 x −x  x → 0 x   2 

  1  1   1 
  x  − x   x2 
1   x 
= ⋅ lim ln (1 + x) + ln (1 − x)  + lim ln 1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2   
    =
2 x → 0
     x → 0   2  
    
       

 − 2⋅sin 2   
x
 2 
 1  x2 
  1   1    2 x   
1   x  − x 
   2  x 
− 2 ⋅ sin  
2 =
= ⋅ lim ln (1 + x)  + ln (1 − x)  + lim ln 1 − 2 ⋅ sin    
2 x→0      x →0    2  
     
        

 
 
   1 1  2 x 
 1 
 − 2 ⋅ sin    2 x 
1   x  − x 
 2  ⋅ ln 1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2  x  
− 2 ⋅ sin  
2 
= ⋅ lim ln (1 + x)  + ln (1 − x)   + lim 2     =
2 x→0      x →0 x   2 
     
       
 

= (D).

1
 x
Meqë lim (1 + x) x = e dhe lim (− x) = −0 = 0 i lim − 2 ⋅ sin 2   = −2 ⋅ sin 2 (0) =
x→0 x →0 x →0  2
1
1
x
−x − 2⋅sin 2  
  x  2
= −2 ⋅ 0 = 0 , gjithshtu meqë lim (1 − x)
2
= e dhe lim 1 − 2 ⋅ sin 2    =e.
x →0 x →0   2 
Prandaj

 x  x
− 2 ⋅ sin 2   − 2 ⋅ sin 2  
(D) = ⋅ [ln(e) + ln(e)] + lim  2  ⋅ ln(e) = ⋅ (1 + 1) + lim  2  ⋅1 =
1 1
2 x →0 x2 2 x →0 x2

 x  x x  x
sin 2   sin 2   sin   sin  
2
= − 2 ⋅ lim  2  = 1 − 2 ⋅ lim 1 ⋅  2  = 1 − 2 ⋅ lim 1 ⋅  2  ⋅  2  =
2
2 x → 0 x x → 0 4 x2 x →0 4 x x
4 2 2

1 2 1 1
= 1 − 2 ⋅ ⋅1 ⋅1 = 1 − = 1 − = .
4 4 2 2