NAME : Muh.

Aswan

NO.STUDENT : 20400116061

E-LEARNING MODEL

E-learning is learning that is structured with the aim of using an electronic system or
computer so that it is able to support a learning process (Michael, 2013:27). Understanding E-
learning is an electronic-based learning process. One of the media used is a computer network.
With the development of a computer network, it is possible to develop it in a web-based form, so
that it is then developed into a wider computer network, namely the internet.

Basically, there are 3 alternative learning activity models to choose from, namely:

a. Fully face-to-face (conventional)

b. Some are face-to-face and some are via the internet

c. Completely over the internet

The characteristics of E-learning according to Nursalam (2008:135) include:

• Using self-learning materials which are then stored on the computer, so that they can be
accessed by students and faculty anytime and anywhere.

• Utilizing a learning schedule, curriculum, learning progress results, as well as matters relating
to an educational administration can be viewed on each computer.

• Utilize an electronic technology service.

• Take advantage of the advantages of computers (digital media as well as computer networks)

Other benefits of E-learning are as follows:

• Cost Efficiency.
E-learning provides cost efficiency for its administration, efficiency in providing
facilities and physical facilities to be able to learn and also cost efficiency for students, namely
transportation and accommodation costs.
• Flexible.
E-learning provides flexibility in choosing the time and place to access the trip.
• Learn to be independent.
E-learning provides opportunities for learners to independently take control of the
success of the learning process.

Advantages of E-learning
The advantages of E-learning are that it provides flexibility, interactivity, speed,
visualization through the various advantages of each media (Sujana, 2005: 253). According to L.
Tjokro (2009: 187), E-learning has many advantages, namely:
• Easier to absorb, which means using multimedia facilities in the form of an image, text,
animation, sound, and video.
• Much more cost effective, meaning that there is no need for an instructor, no need for a
minimum audience, can be anywhere, and so on
• Much more concise, meaning that it does not contain many class formalities, directly into a
subject, subjects that are needed.
• Available 24 hours per day, meaning that mastery in the material depends on the enthusiasm
and absorption of students, can be monitored, can be tested by e-test.

The disadvantages of E-learning described by Nursalam (2008: 140) are as follows:

• Lack of an interaction between teachers and students or even between students themselves.
• This tendency can ignore academic or social aspects and on the contrary make business or
commercial aspects grow.
• The teaching and learning process tends towards a training rather than education itself.

• Changing a teacher's role from being master of conventional learning techniques, now also
being required to be able to know learning techniques using ICT (information, communication,
and technology).

• Not all places have internet facilities available

• Lack of a human resource who understands the internet.

• Lack of mastery in computer languages.

• Adequate computer access can be a problem for students.

• These students may be frustrated if they cannot access graphics, pictures, and videos due to
inadequate equipment (software and hardware).

• Availability of an infrastructure that can be met.

• The information varies in quality as well as accuracy so guidance and inquiry features are
required.

• The student may feel isolated

Types of E-learning

Types of E-learning based on the information technology used and grouped based on
technology, namely:

1. Computer Based Training (CBT)

This system began to develop in the 80s and is still growing today. This is supported,
among other things, by the development of an increasingly attractive and realistic animation
system (eg a 3-dimensional animation system).

2. Web Based Training (WBT)

This system is an advanced development of CBT and is based on internet technology. So

by using this concept, two-way communication can occur between users. However, the smooth
learning process depends on high-speed network infrastructure. The obstacle to implementing
this concept lies in the fact that the internet network in our country is still not evenly distributed.

REFERENCE

https://www.gurupendidikan.co.id/pengertian-e-learning/